CN108023354B - Voltage reactive power rapid control method for AVC access type transformer substation - Google Patents

Voltage reactive power rapid control method for AVC access type transformer substation Download PDF

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CN108023354B
CN108023354B CN201610938740.9A CN201610938740A CN108023354B CN 108023354 B CN108023354 B CN 108023354B CN 201610938740 A CN201610938740 A CN 201610938740A CN 108023354 B CN108023354 B CN 108023354B
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voltage
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reactive power
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CN108023354A (en
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赵俊屹
薛玉新
薛志伟
张亚林
李小兵
陈远华
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Sieyuan Qingneng Power Electronic Co ltd
State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of reactive compensation control of new energy substations, and discloses a voltage reactive rapid control method for an AVC (automatic voltage control) access type substation, which comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a voltage and current instantaneous value of an access point and calculating a voltage analog quantity; judging whether the system is in a transient state or a steady state according to the change of the voltage analog quantity, and starting voltage partition control if the system is in the steady state; distributing total reactive power required by the system according to an AVC target instruction; fourthly, determining a reactive power distribution scheme according to the number and the capacity of the coordinated SVGs; fifthly, judging whether a delay period for issuing the reactive control instruction is reached, if so, executing the sixth step, and if not, returning to the first step; and sixthly, transmitting reactive power control instructions to each SVG through optical fiber communication. The method adopts voltage partition control, so that the fluctuation of SVG reactive power output when the system voltage is qualified is reduced; the transient control response time is not more than 10ms, and the system voltage can be supported quickly.

Description

Voltage reactive power rapid control method for AVC access type transformer substation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reactive compensation control of new energy substations, and particularly relates to a voltage reactive rapid control method for an AVC (automatic voltage control) access type substation.
Background
In new energy stations, reactive compensation equipment has been widely used. The configuration of a plurality of sets of reactive compensation equipment is common, and the engineering of configuring reactive compensation equipment of a plurality of manufacturers on the same station is also very much. Reliable and stable operation of the power grid imposes strict requirements on the coordinated operation between reactive compensation equipment.
The AVC device receives a bus voltage instruction or a reactive instruction issued by the intermediate regulation on line by utilizing network communication and automatic control technology, and automatically tracks and regulates the reactive output of the generator or the bus voltage at the high-voltage side in real time.
At present, AVC control calculates a voltage target value or a reactive target value according to a scheduling instruction and sends the voltage target value or the reactive target value to a reactive compensation device, and for the reactive compensation device of the same manufacturer, the interior of the device often has a coordination control function and can directly send a voltage instruction; for different manufacturers, coordination control can be realized only by issuing reactive instructions, so that the reactive compensation device loses the most fundamental advantage of rapid compensation; according to the current investigation, the method is limited by the technical characteristics of each reactive compensation manufacturer and the update of reactive compensation devices, no unit or individual provides a scheme for better solving the problem, and the requirement of power grid construction cannot be met.
At present, no unified coordination control system exists for reactive compensation equipment of a plurality of manufacturers in China, and meanwhile, the power grid has urgent needs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a voltage reactive power rapid control method applied to an AVC (automatic Voltage control) access type transformer station, which solves the problem of unbalanced output of a plurality of sets of reactive power compensation equipment in the current new energy field station.
The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a voltage reactive power rapid control method for an AVC access type transformer station comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting voltage and current instantaneous values of an access point and calculating voltage analog quantity;
step two, judging that the system is in a transient state or a steady state according to the change condition of the voltage analog quantity, and starting voltage partition control if the system is in the steady state;
distributing total reactive power required by the system according to the AVC target instruction;
step four, determining a reactive power distribution scheme according to the number and the capacity of the coordinated SVGs;
step five, judging whether a delay period for issuing a reactive control instruction is reached, if so, executing the step six, otherwise, returning to the step one;
and step six, sending reactive power control instructions to each SVG through optical fiber communication.
Further, the voltage partition control in the second step is to set a qualified region and a non-qualified region of the voltage target according to the voltage target issued by AVC, set a hysteresis region and a non-hysteresis region in the qualified region, if the voltage analog quantity calculated in the first step is in the non-qualified region of the voltage target, distribute reactive compensation quantity to the SVG to be coordinated with the voltage target issued by AVC as a target, if the voltage analog quantity is in the non-hysteresis region, distribute reactive compensation quantity to the voltage target issued by AVC as the target or distribute reactive compensation quantity to the reactive target issued by AVC as the target according to selection, and if the voltage analog quantity is in the hysteresis region, each SVG keeps reactive output unchanged.
Further, the method for calculating the voltage analog quantity of the access point in the first step adopts a sliding window mode, the voltage analog quantity of the current period is updated every time one point is acquired, namely the voltage analog quantity of the current period is calculated by subtracting the voltage instantaneous value of the same position point in the previous period and adding the voltage instantaneous value of the current point after each point is acquired; meanwhile, a periodic timing updating mode is adopted, namely, the voltage analog value of a complete period is recalculated from zero in each period, and the current accumulated value is replaced.
Further, the voltage analog quantity of the access point in the first step is calculated by using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001137155780000021
where N is the number of sampling points in a cycle, xnIs the collected voltage transient of the access point.
Further, the total reactive power required by the system in the third step is calculated by adopting the following equation:
Figure BDA0001137155780000031
wherein, N is the number of sampling points in a period, u (N) is the instantaneous value of voltage, and i (N) is the instantaneous value of current.
Further, the method for determining the reactive allocation scheme in step four is as follows:
i) calculating the total reactive instruction Q of the system using the following equationref：
Figure BDA0001137155780000032
Wherein Q isiNM is the total number of the coordinately controlled SVGs as the rated capacity of each SVG, and Q is the total reactive power required by the system obtained by the calculation method in the step three;
ii) calculating the reactive output distributed by each SVG by using the following equation
Qi＝Ki×Qref
Wherein, KiAnd the ratio coefficient of the rated capacity of each SVG to the total rated capacity of all the SVGs to be coordinated is obtained.
Further, the transient state condition in the step two includes the sudden drop and sudden rise of the voltage analog quantity, if the voltage analog quantity suddenly drops, the total maximum capacitive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated is output, and if the voltage analog quantity suddenly rises, the total maximum inductive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated is output.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) different distribution modes are respectively adopted for the steady state condition and the transient state condition of the system, and under the steady state condition, voltage partition control is adopted, so that the fluctuation of the SVG reactive power output when the system voltage is qualified is reduced; the transient control response time is not more than 10ms, and the system voltage can be supported quickly.
(2) The reactive instruction is directly issued to the SVG equipment through the optical fiber communication interface, the transmission speed is high, and the reactive compensation coordination control speed is improved.
(3) The voltage control adopts closed-loop feedback control, and the control precision is high through feedback of information such as voltage setting, voltage deviation, system voltage, current and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the overall scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage closed loop control strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a voltage control strategy algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the overall scheme of the present invention is a flow chart. The method adopts a master-slave control strategy, evenly distributes reactive instructions to each SVG in proportion according to constraint conditions such as total reactive power required by the system, the number of the coordinately controlled SVGs, rated capacity and the like, and directly issues the reactive instructions through an optical fiber communication port, so that the response speed is high.
The method comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting voltage and current instantaneous values of access points and calculating voltage analog quantity
Calculating voltage analog quantity according to the following equation by adopting the traditional definition;
Figure BDA0001137155780000041
where N is the number of sampling points in a cycle, xnIs the collected voltage transient.
During calculation, a sliding window mode is adopted, and the voltage analog quantity in the current period is updated every time a point is acquired, namely the point at the same position in the previous period is subtracted and the current point is added, namely the point at the same position in the previous period is replaced by the current point. Because the effective value calculation adopts a sliding window mode, in order to avoid accumulated errors, a periodic timing updating mode is adopted, namely, the voltage analog value of a complete period is recalculated from zero in each period, and the current accumulated value is replaced.
Step two, determining a voltage control strategy according to the change condition of the voltage analog quantity
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage control adopts precise closed-loop feedback control, a PI regulator is introduced, the voltage deviation is subjected to PI regulation and capacity amplitude limitation by feedback of information such as voltage setting and system voltage, a reactive instruction is finally output, and the feedback voltage is obtained by a slope control method, so that the system voltage is controlled.
Wherein, Uref: a voltage reference command; u shapef: current actual voltage feedback; kp: PI adjusts the proportional coefficient; t isi: PI adjusts an integral coefficient; LMT: SVG capacity allocation and limitation; qref: and the reactive reference is issued by the device.
Judging whether the system is in a transient state condition or not according to the voltage analog quantity obtained by calculation in the step one:
if the voltage analog quantity suddenly drops, outputting the total maximum capacitive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated, and if the voltage analog quantity suddenly rises, outputting the total maximum inductive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated; and starting voltage partition control if the voltage analog quantity is in a steady-state condition.
And (4) carrying out rapid control under the transient condition, wherein the response time of the transient control is not more than 10 ms.
As shown in fig. 3, the voltage partition control is to set a qualified region and a non-qualified region of a voltage target according to the voltage target issued by AVC, set a hysteresis region and a non-hysteresis region in the qualified region, allocate reactive compensation to SVG to be coordinated with the voltage target issued by AVC as a target if the voltage analog quantity calculated in step one is in the non-qualified region of the voltage target, allocate reactive compensation to the voltage target issued by AVC as the target if the voltage analog quantity is in the non-hysteresis region, allocate reactive compensation to the voltage target issued by AVC or allocate reactive compensation to the reactive target issued by AVC as the target if the voltage analog quantity is selected, and keep reactive output of each SVG unchanged if the voltage analog quantity is within the hysteresis region.
Step three, distributing the total reactive power required by the system according to the AVC target instruction
And calculating the total reactive power required by the system by adopting the following equation according to the received AVC voltage target instruction and the actual access point voltage current:
Figure BDA0001137155780000051
wherein, N is the number of sampling points in a period, u (N) is the instantaneous value of voltage, and i (N) is the instantaneous value of current.
Step four, determining a reactive power distribution scheme according to the number and the capacity of the coordinated SVG
I) calculating the reactive power distribution coefficient K of each SVG by using the following equationi：
Figure BDA0001137155780000052
Wherein Q isiNM is the total number of the coordinately controlled SVGs as the rated capacity of each SVG;
ii) calculating the total reactive instruction Q of the system by using the following equationref：
Figure BDA0001137155780000053
Wherein Q isiNWhen the total reactive power Q required by the system obtained by the calculation in the step three is more than or equal to the sum of the rated capacities of all SVGs to be coordinated, the total reactive power instruction Q of the systemrefFor the sum of the rated capacities of all SVGs to be coordinated, when the total reactive power Q required by the system calculated in the step three is smaller than the sum of the rated capacities of all SVGs to be coordinated, the total reactive power instruction Q of the systemrefCalculating the total reactive Q required by the system obtained in the third step;
iii) calculating the reactive power output distributed by each SVG by using the following equation
Qi＝Ki×Qref。
And step five, judging whether the delay period for issuing the reactive control instruction is reached, if so, executing the step six, and otherwise, returning to the step one.
And step six, sending reactive power control instructions to each SVG through optical fiber communication.
Three SVGs are configured under a 110KV bus of the transformer substation, wherein the rated capacity of the 1# SVG is 12Mvar, the rated capacity of the 2# SVG is 12Mvar, and the rated capacity of the 3# SVG is 18 Mvar. The qualified range of the voltage target is set to be 0.2 percent and the hysteresis is set to be 0.1 percent, namely the qualified interval of the voltage is 110KV +/-220V, and the hysteresis interval of the voltage is 110KV +/-110V.
Assuming that a voltage target instruction issued by AVC is 110KV, and the actual voltage of a bus acquired by a signal board falls in a non-hysteresis region, uniformly coordinating the reactive power output required by the distribution system according to the voltage target issued by AVC selected by a user as a target, assuming that the reactive power required by the calculation system is 10Mvar, and then the reactive power distribution coefficient
Figure BDA0001137155780000061
Figure BDA0001137155780000062
Each SVG reactive power distribution instruction is Q1＝K1×Qref＝2.857Mvar，Q2＝K2×Qref＝2.857Mvar，Q3＝K3×Qref＝4.286Mvar。
And if the actual voltage of the bus collected by the signal plate falls in the hysteresis zone, keeping the value of the last output unchanged by the reactive output.
And if the transient state condition occurs, outputting the total maximum capacitive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated when the voltage analog quantity suddenly drops, and outputting the total maximum inductive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated when the voltage analog quantity suddenly rises.
Setting the control delay period to be 0.5s, and issuing a reactive instruction once every 0.5s through optical fiber communication.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is therefore defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A voltage reactive power rapid control method for an AVC access type transformer station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, collecting voltage and current instantaneous values of an access point and calculating voltage analog quantity;
step two, judging that the system is in a transient state or a steady state according to the change condition of the voltage analog quantity, and starting voltage partition control if the system is in the steady state;
distributing total reactive power required by the system according to the AVC target instruction;
step four, determining a reactive power distribution scheme according to the quantity and the capacity of the SVG to be coordinated;
step five, judging whether a delay period for issuing a reactive control instruction is reached, if so, executing the step six, otherwise, returning to the step one;
sixthly, transmitting reactive power control instructions to each SVG through optical fiber communication;
and the voltage partition control in the second step is to set a qualified region and a non-qualified region of the voltage target according to the voltage target issued by AVC, set a hysteresis region and a non-hysteresis region in the qualified region, if the voltage analog quantity calculated in the first step is in the non-qualified region of the voltage target, distribute reactive compensation quantity to the SVG to be coordinated by taking the voltage target issued by AVC as a target, if the voltage analog quantity is in the non-hysteresis region, distribute reactive compensation quantity to the SVG by taking the voltage target issued by AVC as the target or distribute reactive compensation quantity to the SVG issued by AVC as the target according to selection, and if the voltage analog quantity is in the hysteresis region, each SVG keeps the reactive output unchanged.
2. The voltage reactive fast control method for AVC access type substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for calculating the voltage analog quantity of the access point in the first step adopts a sliding window mode, the voltage analog quantity of the current period is updated every time one point is acquired, namely the voltage analog quantity of the current period is calculated by subtracting the voltage instantaneous value of the same position point in the previous period and adding the voltage instantaneous value of the current point after each point is acquired; meanwhile, a periodic timing updating mode is adopted, namely, the voltage analog value of a complete period is recalculated from zero in each period, and the current accumulated value is replaced.
3. The voltage reactive fast control method for AVC access type substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the voltage analog quantity of the access point in the first step is calculated by adopting the following equation:
Figure FDA0002770150300000011
where N is the number of sampling points in a cycle, xnIs the collected voltage transient of the access point.
4. The voltage reactive fast control method for AVC access type substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total reactive power required by the system in the third step is calculated by adopting the following equation:
Figure FDA0002770150300000021
wherein, N is the number of sampling points in a period, u (N) is the instantaneous value of voltage, and i (N) is the instantaneous value of current.
5. The voltage reactive fast control method for AVC access type substation according to claim 4, characterized by: the method for determining the reactive allocation scheme in the fourth step is as follows:
i) calculating the total reactive instruction Q of the system using the following equationref：
Figure FDA0002770150300000022
Wherein Q isiNM is the total number of coordinately controlled SVGs, and Q is the total reactive power required by the system;
ii) calculating the reactive output distributed by each SVG by using the following equation
Qi＝Ki×Qref
Wherein, KiAnd the ratio coefficient of the rated capacity of each SVG to the total rated capacity of all the SVGs to be coordinated is obtained.
6. Voltage reactive fast control method for AVC access type substation according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized by: and the transient state condition in the step two comprises the sudden drop and the sudden rise of the voltage analog quantity, if the voltage analog quantity suddenly drops, the total maximum capacitive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated is output, and if the voltage analog quantity suddenly rises, the total maximum inductive reactive power of all the SVGs to be coordinated is output.
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