CN108015259A - A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston - Google Patents
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN108015259A CN108015259A CN201610999206.9A CN201610999206A CN108015259A CN 108015259 A CN108015259 A CN 108015259A CN 201610999206 A CN201610999206 A CN 201610999206A CN 108015259 A CN108015259 A CN 108015259A
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Abstract
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston, belong to the processing method of aluminum matrix composite piston, including first using extrusion casint production aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land, then chemical nickel plating processing is carried out to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land, preheat the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land and die-filling after nickel plating, pour into a mould alusil alloy under gravity again, cool down pickup and obtain aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part, realize the compound of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and alusil alloy.Through the above way, the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston of the present invention, the chemical Ni-plating layer of use will not have a negative impact piston alloy, can realize the compound of in-situ Al-base composition and aluminium alloy well, improve the processing quality and service life of piston.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing method of aluminum matrix composite piston, specifically relates to one kind and is given birth to using inlay casting technology
The method for producing aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston.
Technical background
Piston is one of most important core component of automobile engine, it is related to the performance and security of vehicle.Therefore
The selection of piston is most important, it is desirable to which density of material is low, and intensity, modulus are high, high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, endurance, and dimensionally stable
Property is good.
Aluminium alloy density is low, thermal conductivity is good, and higher intensity, modulus can be obtained by appropriate alloying, and wear-resisting
Property, fatigue-resistance characteristics can also be obtained and improved to a certain extent, have obvious advantage as piston material.
It is adapted to the aluminium alloy of engine piston mainly to have alusil alloy and aluminium copper, wherein permanent mold casting ZL109
Alusil alloy, has good mobility, good air-tightness and hot-cracking resistance, elevated temperature strength is good, and thermal coefficient of expansion is low, is aluminium
The preferred material of alloy piston.
In the case where meeting internal combustion engine lightweight, reliability and durability, temperature and pressure in diesel engine combustion chamber
Power becomes higher, and the aluminium alloy used in the past has reached or close to operating limit, the more preferable aluminum matrix composite of resistance to elevated temperatures
The exploitation of piston receives great attention.
The enhancing formed by reaction in-situ mutually not only Thermodynamically stable at normal temperatures, in piston temperature in use (~350
DEG C) under be also less likely to occur to grow up, its humidification is highly stable, and aluminum-based in-situ composite materials slurry is easy to using traditional work
Skill is molded, and is excellent potential piston material.
To the further analysis shows of engine piston：Requirement of the piston different parts to material property has very big difference,
Top land requires high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, good stability of the dimension, and then desired strength, modulus are high in skirt section, endurance；To meet to send out
Motivation piston product different parts require the difference of material property, by aluminum-based in-situ composite materials with ZL 109 alloy using embedding
Casting technology combines, it is expected to gives full play to the performance advantage of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and alusil alloy.
(Teng LIU, Qu-dong WANG, Ping LIU, the et al.Microstructure and of bibliography 1
Mechanical properties of overcast aluminum joints (micro- group of composite casting aluminum alloy joint
Knit and mechanical property) .Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China 25 (2015) 1064-1072) point out：By solid
Under conditions of the method for 6101 aluminium alloy surface electric plating zinc of state and accurately control experiment parameter, A356 aluminium alloys and 6101 can be made
Metallurgical binding is formed between aluminium alloy；But the surface treatment to aluminum matrix composite is not mentioned；Since enhancing particle is not led
Electricity, coating discontinuous situation occurs at enhancing particle in zinc coat during electrogalvanizing；Further, since the presence of zinc coat, also
Zinc can be brought into piston alloy, deteriorate the mechanical property of alloy.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new method, solve the problems, such as coating and strengthen the combination between particle, and avoid plating at the same time
Layer has a negative impact the component of piston alloy.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston, its principle is：Given birth to using extrusion casint
Aluminum-based in-situ top land is produced, top land is finer and close；Then chemical nickel plating processing is carried out to aluminum-based in-situ top land, should
Treatment technology is the common treatment technology of conventional aluminum alloys, and chemical deposit do not appear in it is discontinuous existing at enhancing particle
As chemical Ni-plating layer is dissolved into the alloying element that can become in piston alloy and improve high-temperature behavior in cast；Cast in gravity
Aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is preheated before making, liquid alusil alloy and aluminum-based in-situ composite materials can be reduced
Between temperature difference, both combinations are better achieved；Casting process carries out under nitrogen protection, can prevent alusil alloy,
Chemical Ni-plating layer is in oxidized when in pouring, guarantee alusil alloy and aluminum-based in-situ composite materials metallurgical binding easy to implement.
The present invention proposes a kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston, includes the following steps：
Aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is produced using extrusion casint, then to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston top
Portion carries out chemical nickel plating processing；
Aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land after chemical nickel plating processing is preheated；
Nickel plating aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land by preheating is die-filling, then alusil alloy is poured into a mould under gravity,
Then cooled down；
Aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston after cooling is taken out, obtains aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part, it is real
Existing aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and alusil alloy it is compound.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the extrusion casint is using Direct Squeezing Casting machine or indirect extrusion
Casting machine is cast.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials are using piston alloy as matrix, with original position
Sub-micron ceramic particle is reinforcement, and the reinforcement volume fraction is 1~6% aluminum matrix composite.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the original position sub-micron ceramic particle is one in Al2O3, TiB2, ZrB2
Kind is a variety of.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the top land includes part more than connecting rod pin hole in piston.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, chemical nickel plating processing includes, by top land through surface preparation
Afterwards, degrease, oxide-film, then activated, sensitization, and by chemical plating fluid one is plated on the root surface of top land
Layer nickel or nickel-phosphor alloy.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the preheating temperature is 200~300 DEG C, soaking time for 30~
40min。
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, it is described it is die-filling be by the root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land upward
It is put into die cavity, the ingate of root plane and inlay casting mould maintains an equal level or slightly above ingate.
In a preferred embodiments of the invention, the cast alusil alloy is to pour into a mould alusil alloy under nitrogen protection,
Pouring temperature is 720~750 DEG C, and nitrogen is passed through in die cavity using cross flow form.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：A kind of inlay casting method for aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston that the present invention points out, uses
Chemical nickel plating treatment technology be aluminium alloy common treatment technology, chemical deposit do not appear in enhancing particle at it is discontinuous
Phenomenon；Chemical Ni-plating layer is dissolved into piston alloy in casting process, can become the alloy member for improving alloy high-temp performance
Element, will not have a negative impact piston alloy；Realize the compound of in-situ Al-base composition and aluminium alloy.
Technical method proposed by the present invention, can be equally used between different aluminum alloys and different aluminum matrix composites
Inlay casting is compound.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston photo of the technology of the present invention inlay casting.
Fig. 2 is the light microscopic photo of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and ZL 109 alloy combination interface.
Specific embodiment
The present invention can be implemented according to following instance, but be not limited to following instance；Used term in the present invention, is removed
It is non-to have other explanation, generally there is the normally understood implication of those of ordinary skill in the art；It is to be understood that these embodiments are
In order to demonstrate the invention, rather than limit the scope of the invention in any way；Below in an example, it is not described in detail
Various processes and method be conventional method as known in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston is embodied in the present embodiment, its process is：First using straight
Connect extrusion casint production aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land, aluminum matrix composite using common ZL 109 piston alloy as matrix,
Using volume fraction as 1% sub-micron Al in situ2O3Particle is reinforcement；Then to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land into
The processing of row chemical nickel plating, first degreases, the magazine such as oxide-film through surface preparation, reactivation, sensitization, finally by chemical plating
Liquid plates the nickel of 20 μ m-thick of last layer on the root surface of top land；Then aluminum-based in-situ composite materials are preheated at 300 DEG C to live
Plug top 30min is simultaneously die-filling, and the root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is put into die cavity, root plane and inlay casting upward
The ingate of mould maintains an equal level；ZL 109 alloy, 720 DEG C of pouring temperature, nitrogen are poured into a mould into die cavity by running channel under nitrogen protection
It is passed through using cross flow form in die cavity；Finally cool down pickup and obtain aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part, realize aluminium base original
Position composite material and alusil alloy it is compound.
Fig. 1 is the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston photo of the technology of the present invention inlay casting, Fig. 2 for aluminum-based in-situ composite materials with
The light microscopic photo of ZL 109 alloy combination interface；It can be seen from the figure that the method for the present invention can realize aluminum-based in-situ composite materials
With the good combination of ZL 109 alloy.
Embodiment 2
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston is embodied in the present embodiment, its process is：First using straight
Connect extrusion casint production aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land, aluminum-based in-situ composite materials using common ZL 109 piston alloy as
Matrix, using volume fraction as 6% sub-micron (Al in situ2O3+TiB2) particle is reinforcement；Then to aluminum-based in-situ composite wood
Expect that top land carries out chemical nickel plating processing, first degrease through surface preparation, the impurity such as oxide-film, reactivation, sensitization, most
Last layer nickel is plated on the root surface of top land by chemical plating fluid afterwards；Then 200~300 DEG C of preheating aluminum-based in-situs are compound
30~40min of material top land is simultaneously die-filling, and the root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is put into die cavity, root upward
Plane is higher by about 3mm than the ingate of inlay casting mould；ZL 109 alloy is poured into a mould into die cavity by running channel under nitrogen protection, is poured
750 DEG C of temperature is noted, nitrogen is passed through in die cavity using cross flow form；It is embedding finally to cool down pickup acquisition aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston
Casting.
The microscopic structure of the embedding casting of appearance of cast of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston and faying face from gained can be seen that this hair
Bright method can realize the compound of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and ZL 109 alloy well.
Embodiment 3
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston is embodied in the present embodiment, its process is：First using straight
Extrusion casint production aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is connect, aluminum-based in-situ composite materials are with Al-18Si-4Mg piston alloys
For matrix, using volume fraction as 3% sub-micron TiB in situ2Particle is reinforcement；Then to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston
Top carries out chemical nickel plating processing, first degreases through surface preparation, the impurity such as oxide-film, reactivation, sensitization, finally by
Chemical plating fluid plates last layer nickel on the root surface of top land；Then 250 DEG C of preheating aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston tops
Portion 35min is simultaneously die-filling, and the root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is put into die cavity, root plane and inlay casting mould upward
Ingate maintain an equal level；ZL 109 alloy, 740 DEG C of pouring temperature are poured into a mould into die cavity by running channel under nitrogen protection, nitrogen uses
Cross flow form is passed through in die cavity；Finally cool down pickup and obtain aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part.
The microscopic structure of the embedding casting of appearance of cast of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston and faying face from gained can be seen that this hair
Bright method can realize the compound of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and ZL 109 alloy well.
Embodiment 4
A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston is embodied in the present embodiment, its process is：Between first using
Extrusion casint production aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is connect, aluminum matrix composite is using Al-18Si-4Mg piston alloys as base
Body, using volume fraction as 4% sub-micron ZrB in situ2Particle is reinforcement；Then to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land
Chemical nickel plating processing is carried out, is first degreased through surface preparation, the impurity such as oxide-film, reactivation, sensitization, finally by chemistry
Plating solution plates last layer nickel on the root surface of top land；Then 250 DEG C of preheating aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top lands
40min is simultaneously die-filling, the root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is put into die cavity upward, root plane is than inlay casting mould
The high about 5mm of ingate；Al-18Si-4Mg alloys are poured into a mould into die cavity by running channel under nitrogen protection, 740 DEG C of pouring temperature,
Nitrogen is passed through in die cavity using cross flow form；Finally cool down pickup and obtain aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part.
The microscopic structure of the embedding casting of appearance of cast of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston and faying face from gained can be seen that this hair
Bright method can realize the compound of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials and Al-18Si-4Mg alloys well.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston, it is characterised in that include the following steps：Using extrusion casint produce aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land, then to aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land into The processing of row chemical nickel plating；Aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land after chemical nickel plating processing is preheated；Nickel plating aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land by preheating is die-filling, then alusil alloy is poured into a mould under gravity, then Cooled down；Piston Casting after cooling is taken out, aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston inlay casting part is obtained, realizes aluminum-based in-situ composite wood Expect compound with alusil alloy.
- 2. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the extruding casting Make and cast for Direct Squeezing Casting or indirect extrusion casting.
- 3. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium base is former Position composite material is using piston alloy as matrix, and using sub-micron ceramic particle in situ as reinforcement, the reinforcement volume fraction is 1 ~6% aluminum matrix composite.
- 4. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the original position sub-micro Rice ceramic particle is the one or more in Al2O3, TiB2, ZrB2.
- 5. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the piston top Portion includes part more than connecting rod pin hole in piston.
- 6. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the chemical plating Nickel processing includes, by top land after surface preparation, degrease, oxide-film, then activated, sensitization, and passing through Learn plating solution and last layer nickel or nickel-phosphor alloy are plated on the root surface of top land.
- 7. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preheating temperature Spend for 200~300 DEG C, soaking time is 30~40min.
- 8. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described die-filling for general The root of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials top land is put into die cavity upward, the ingate of root plane and inlay casting mould maintain an equal level or Slightly above ingate.
- 9. the inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cast aluminum Silicon alloy is pours into a mould alusil alloy under nitrogen protection, and pouring temperature is 720~750 DEG C, and nitrogen is passed through mould using cross flow form Intracavitary.
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| CN201610999206.9A CN108015259A (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston |
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| CN201610999206.9A CN108015259A (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | A kind of inlay casting method of aluminum-based in-situ composite materials piston |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111074108A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽陶铝新动力科技有限公司 | Casting process of aluminum-based ceramic composite piston |
| CN111136242A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-12 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of heterogeneous multifunctional metal-based composite casting |
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| JPS5930464A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-02-18 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Method for embedding ferrous material by casting with aluminum alloy |
| CN1105301A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-07-19 | 山东省机械设计研究院 | Casting technique for producing piston of Al-base ceramic composite material |
| CN1488458A (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2004-04-14 | 强 张 | Process for extrusion casting piston blank of internal combustion engine with local feinforcing of metal base composite material |
| EP1574272A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2005-09-14 | NHK Spring Co., Ltd. | Composite material member and method for producing the same |
| CN101016594A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2007-08-15 | 江苏大学 | Method of preparing original position particle reinforced zinc-based composite material |
| CN102212710A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏中欧材料研究院有限公司 | Novel in-situ sub-micron multielement particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material |
| CN104073673A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 西安工程大学 | Preparation method of ceramic reinforced metal-based composite material |
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2016
- 2016-11-14 CN CN201610999206.9A patent/CN108015259A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5930464A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-02-18 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Method for embedding ferrous material by casting with aluminum alloy |
| CN1105301A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-07-19 | 山东省机械设计研究院 | Casting technique for producing piston of Al-base ceramic composite material |
| EP1574272A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2005-09-14 | NHK Spring Co., Ltd. | Composite material member and method for producing the same |
| CN1488458A (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2004-04-14 | 强 张 | Process for extrusion casting piston blank of internal combustion engine with local feinforcing of metal base composite material |
| CN101016594A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2007-08-15 | 江苏大学 | Method of preparing original position particle reinforced zinc-based composite material |
| CN102212710A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏中欧材料研究院有限公司 | Novel in-situ sub-micron multielement particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111136242A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-12 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of heterogeneous multifunctional metal-based composite casting |
| CN111136242B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-04-08 | 有研金属复材技术有限公司 | Preparation method of heterogeneous multifunctional metal-based composite casting |
| CN111074108A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽陶铝新动力科技有限公司 | Casting process of aluminum-based ceramic composite piston |
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