CN108014820B - Molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with nano multilayer film structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with nano multilayer film structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/04—Sulfides
- B01J27/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/051—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
-
- B01J35/33—
-
- B01J35/39—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0228—Coating in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Abstract
The invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of 1) dissolving polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride in water to prepare a solution a; 2) dissolving polyoxometallate in water to prepare a solution b; 3) dissolving a single-layer molybdenum disulfide in N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare a stable solution c; 4) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in corresponding solutions according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, washing the conductive substrate with deionized water after taking the conductive substrate out of one solution, and blow-drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen to obtain the conductive substrate with the multilayer film; 5) annealing the conductive substrate with the multilayer film prepared in the step 4) under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure. The catalyst prepared by adopting the drawing film method has a novel nano multilayer film structure, and the problem that the electrocatalytic efficiency is limited due to the low conductivity between the molybdenum disulfide layers is well solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy, and particularly relates to a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The monolayer molybdenum disulfide is widely applied to the fields of field effect transistors, sensors, battery electrodes, optics and the like with excellent lubricating property and catalytic property, single-layer graphene is always used in the field before people find the monolayer molybdenum disulfide, however, the application of the graphene is limited because the graphene has no band gap, the problems are well overcome along with the finding and preparation of the monolayer molybdenum disulfide, and the defect that the single-layer graphene has zero band gap can be well made up because the band gap of the monolayer molybdenum disulfide reaches 1.8 eV.
Hydrogen energy is one of the most promising clean energy sources in the future, a single-layer molybdenum disulfide is used as a catalyst and can be used for decomposing water molecules to obtain hydrogen, however, an electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic water cracking needs to have the advantages of high conductivity and multiple catalytic activity points, and researches show that: the molybdenum disulfide of the single layer has rich edges, so that more active points exist, however, the electric conductivity between layers is low, so that the further improvement of the electrocatalytic efficiency is limited, in order to improve the electric conductivity, the molybdenum disulfide, metal particles, graphene and other high-conductivity materials can be compounded, and the mixed structure is not beneficial to researching the relation between the nano-scale structure and the performance.
In summary, there still exist many problems in the process of using the existing monolayer molybdenum disulfide as a catalyst, and continuous research, exploration and improvement are needed, so that a catalyst for enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of the monolayer molybdenum disulfide and a preparation method thereof, which can overcome the above problems, are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure and a preparation method thereof, compared with the prior art, the preparation cost is reduced, the preparation method is simple, and the obtained catalyst has high electrocatalysis efficiency; the preparation method has low requirements on reaction conditions, and is more suitable for industrial production.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure.
The invention also aims to provide the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure and the application of the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention specifically discloses the following technical scheme:
firstly, the invention discloses a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the conductive substrate is sequentially covered with a circulating multilayer film of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), metal oxysalt, poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and single-layer molybdenum disulfide from bottom to top.
Secondly, the invention discloses a preparation method of a molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano multilayer film structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is dissolved in water to prepare a solution a.
2) Dissolving polyoxometallate in water to prepare a solution b.
3) And dissolving the monolayer molybdenum disulfide in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) to prepare a stable solution c.
4) And (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in corresponding solutions according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, washing the conductive substrate with deionized water after each conductive substrate is taken out of one solution, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen to obtain the conductive substrate with the multilayer film.
5) Annealing the conductive substrate with the multilayer film prepared in the step 4) under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
In the step 1), the concentration of the solution a is as follows: 10-20 mg/ml. The solution a has the main function of adsorbing the molybdenum disulfide and the polyoxometallate so that the molybdenum disulfide and the polyoxometallate are firmly combined with the conductive substrate.
In step 2), the polyoxometallate comprises: phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungstic acid, and the like.
In the step 2), the concentration of the solution b is as follows: 5-10 mg/ml. The main function of solution b is to bridge the molybdenum disulphide adsorbed in step 1), increasing the electrical conductance.
In the step 3), the concentration of the solution c is as follows: 0.1-0.3 mg/ml. The main function of solution c is to catalytically evolve hydrogen.
In step 4), the conductive substrate includes: fluorine doped tin dioxide (FTO), indium doped tin dioxide (ITO), and the like.
In the step 4), the soaking time is 10-30 minutes.
Preferably, the soaking time is 20 minutes
In step 4), this process can be repeated according to the desired thickness of the film. The thickness ensures maximum efficiency.
In the step 5), the annealing treatment conditions under the protection of nitrogen are as follows: the annealing temperature is 350-450 ℃ and the time is 1-3 h.
Preferably, the annealing treatment conditions under the protection of nitrogen gas are as follows: the annealing temperature was 400 ℃ for 2 hours.
Finally, the invention discloses an application of the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure and a preparation method thereof, and the application comprises the fields of photoelectrocatalysis, sensing and the like.
The invention is characterized in that: the method adopts a film-drawing method to prepare an ordered multilayer film, and particularly adopts the sequence of a, b, a and c to soak a substrate; firstly, such a design allows for an increase in catalytically active sites and secondly, such a design allows for a control of the balance between active sites and conductance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the catalyst prepared by adopting the drawing film method has a novel nano multilayer film structure, the structure greatly improves the active points of single-layer molybdenum disulfide, and the problem that the electrocatalytic efficiency of the molybdenum disulfide is limited due to low conductivity between the molybdenum disulfide layers can be well solved.
(2) Increases the active points and the conductance, and controls the balance of the two.
(3) The manufacturing process is simple and easy to implement and has good repeatability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a catalyst prepared according to the present invention (taking phosphomolybdic acid as an example).
Fig. 2 is a test chart of current density of the samples of example 1 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As introduced in the background art, the existing single-layer molybdenum disulfide still has the problems of low conductivity and the like in the process of being used as a catalyst, and in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a catalyst for enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of the single-layer molybdenum disulfide and a preparation method thereof; the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
(1) dissolving PDDA in water to prepare a solution a with the concentration of 20 mg/ml;
(2) dissolving phosphomolybdic acid in water to prepare a solution b with the concentration of 10 mg/ml;
(3) adding a monolayer of molybdenum disulfide to NMP to prepare a solution c with a concentration of 0.214 mg/ml;
(4) and (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in the corresponding solutions for 20 minutes respectively according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, taking out the conductive substrate from one solution, cleaning the conductive substrate with deionized water, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen.
(5) And annealing the prepared multilayer film for 2 hours under the protection of nitrogen and at the temperature of 400 ℃ to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
Example 2:
(1) PDDA was dissolved in water to give a solution a having a concentration of 10 mg/ml.
(2) Dissolving phosphomolybdic acid in water to prepare a solution b with the concentration of 10 mg/ml.
(3) A monolayer of molybdenum disulphide was added to NMP to prepare a solution c having a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.
(4) And (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in the corresponding solutions for 15 minutes respectively according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, taking out the conductive substrate from one solution, cleaning the conductive substrate with deionized water, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen.
(5) And annealing the prepared multilayer film for 1.5 hours under the protection of nitrogen and at the temperature of 420 ℃ to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
Example 3:
(1) dissolving PDDA in water to prepare a solution a with the concentration of 15 mg/ml;
(2) dissolving phosphotungstic acid in water to prepare a solution b with the concentration of 5 mg/ml;
(3) adding a monolayer of molybdenum disulfide into NMP to prepare a solution c with the concentration of 0.3 mg/ml;
(4) and (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in the corresponding solutions for 10 minutes respectively according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, taking out the conductive substrate from one solution, cleaning the conductive substrate with deionized water, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen.
(5) And annealing the prepared multilayer film for 3 hours under the protection of nitrogen and at the temperature of 450 ℃ to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
Example 4:
(1) dissolving PDDA in water to prepare a solution a with the concentration of 15 mg/ml;
(2) dissolving phosphotungstic acid in water to prepare a solution b with the concentration of 5 mg/ml;
(3) adding a monolayer of molybdenum disulfide into NMP to prepare a solution c with the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml;
(4) and (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in the corresponding solutions for 30 minutes respectively according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, taking out the conductive substrate from one solution, cleaning the conductive substrate with deionized water, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen.
(5) And annealing the prepared multilayer film for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen and at the temperature of 350 ℃ to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
Comparative example 1:
(1) PDDA was dissolved in water to give a solution a having a concentration of 10 mg/ml.
(2) A monolayer of molybdenum disulphide was added to NMP to prepare a solution c having a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.
(3) And (c) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in the corresponding solutions for 15 minutes respectively according to the sequence of the a and the c, taking out the conductive substrate from one solution, washing the conductive substrate with deionized water, and drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen.
(4) And annealing the prepared multilayer film for 1.5 hours under the protection of nitrogen and at the temperature of 420 ℃ to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
The performance of the two catalyst samples prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1 is tested, and the result is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that the current density of the catalyst sample with phosphomolybdic acid (example 1) is improved by 50% compared with the catalyst sample without phosphomolybdic acid (comparative example 1), which indicates that the catalyst prepared by the method of the invention through the drawing film method has a novel nano multilayer film structure, the structure greatly improves the active points of the single-layer molybdenum disulfide, and well overcomes the problem that the electrocatalytic efficiency is limited due to the low conductivity between the molybdenum disulfide layers.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure, characterized by: the catalyst is as follows: a circulating multilayer film of poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, metal oxysalt, poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and single-layer molybdenum disulfide is sequentially covered on the conductive substrate from bottom to top;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) in water to prepare a solution a;
2) dissolving polyoxometallate in water to prepare a solution b;
3) dissolving a single-layer molybdenum disulfide in N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare a stable solution c;
4) sequentially soaking the conductive substrate in corresponding solutions according to the sequence of a, b, a and c, washing the conductive substrate with deionized water after taking the conductive substrate out of one solution, and blow-drying the conductive substrate with nitrogen to obtain the conductive substrate with the multilayer film;
5) annealing the conductive substrate with the multilayer film prepared in the step 4) under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with the nano multilayer film structure.
2. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in step 2), the polyoxometallate comprises: phosphomolybdic acid or phosphotungstic acid.
3. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the concentration of the solution a is as follows: 10-20 mg/ml.
4. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the concentration of the solution b is as follows: 5-10 mg/ml.
5. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the concentration of the solution c is as follows: 0.1-0.3 mg/ml.
6. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in step 4), the conductive substrate includes: fluorine-doped tin dioxide or indium-doped tin dioxide.
7. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the soaking time is 10-30 min.
8. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the annealing temperature is 350-450 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h.
9. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure of claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the annealing temperature is 400 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
10. The molybdenum disulfide electrocatalyst with a nano-multilayer film structure as claimed in claim 1, which is used in the fields of photoelectrocatalysis and sensing.
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