CN108014578B - Method and device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by using low Wen Penlin - Google Patents
Method and device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by using low Wen Penlin Download PDFInfo
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- CN108014578B CN108014578B CN201810012072.6A CN201810012072A CN108014578B CN 108014578 B CN108014578 B CN 108014578B CN 201810012072 A CN201810012072 A CN 201810012072A CN 108014578 B CN108014578 B CN 108014578B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by using low Wen Penlin. The method comprises the following steps: and spraying the saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization by adopting cold fog, wherein the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, and the diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m. Fine particles and condensable particles in the coal-fired flue gas can be removed efficiently, and the flue gas purification efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of removing fine particles and condensable particles in flue gas, and particularly relates to a method and a device for removing the fine particles and the condensable particles from coal-fired flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization by low-temperature spraying.
Background
The random emission of fire coal flue gas in a thermal power plant is a main cause of haze formation, and in order to effectively treat atmospheric haze, the national requirements of ultra-low emission are set forth. The coal-fired boiler of the thermal power plant is required to adopt a technology of an integrated system for efficiently and cooperatively removing various pollutants, so that the emission concentration of the atmospheric pollutants is basically in accordance with the emission limit value of a gas unit.
Thus, the remediation of respirable particles and fines has been fully appreciated. Among them, chinese patent CN103230717a discloses a "device for promoting removal of PM2.5 fine particles by vapor phase transition condensation", which promotes removal of PM2.5 by vapor phase transition. Chinese patent CN102059029a discloses a method and a device for removing fine particles in high humidity flue gas, which are coupled with steam phase change and impinging stream technologies to promote the coagulation and growth of fine particles for removal. The method is to add steam into saturated wet flue gas to create a wet supersaturation state, the mechanism of particle agglomeration is that the steam changes phase on the surfaces of fine particles, the particles collide and grow up, and the method can not promote the phase change coagulation of condensable particles, so that the purification efficiency of the flue gas is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a saturated wet flue gas purification treatment method which can efficiently remove fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas and improve the flue gas purification efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for purifying saturated wet flue gas includes spraying wet desulfurized saturated wet flue gas with cold fog, wherein the temperature of cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, and the particle diameter of fog drops of cold fog is not more than 800 μm.
The existing spraying mode can not solve the purification problem of fine particles and condensable particles in saturated wet flue gas discharged by a wet desulfurization tower. Experiments show that the saturated wet flue gas temperature after wet desulfurization is generally about 50 ℃, the flue gas temperature can be further reduced by spraying cold fog with the temperature not exceeding 20 ℃, so that water vapor is condensed on the surfaces of cold fog drops, the induced thermophoresis and diffusion swimming effect is promoted, fine particles are agglomerated and grown, the condensable particles are condensed and deposited on the surfaces of the cold fog drops, the particle trapping is facilitated, meanwhile, the particle diameter of the fog drops is not more than 800 mu m, the collision between the cold fog drops and the fine particles is facilitated, the fine particles and the condensable particles are removed, and the flue gas purification efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the invention adopts cold fog spraying to greatly reduce the usage amount of the coolant and reduce the cost of flue gas treatment.
The invention also aims to provide a method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying, and provides a cold spray tower, wherein the cold spray tower is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold fog spraying layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top, saturated wet flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization enters from the lower part of the cold spray tower, sprayed cold fog cools the saturated wet flue gas through the cold fog spraying layer, fine particle coagulation and condensable particle phase change in the wet flue gas are realized, and the cooled wet flue gas is discharged after demisting through the demister; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, the particle diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a pump body provided with pressure through a spray nozzle.
The invention further aims to provide another method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying, and provides an inlet flue of the wet electrostatic precipitator, wherein the inlet flue is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold fog spraying layer and a flue gas outlet along the flue gas flowing direction, saturated wet flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization enters from the flue gas inlet, sprayed cold fog is enabled to cool the saturated wet flue gas through the cold fog spraying layer, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and cooled wet flue gas is conveyed to the wet electrostatic precipitator through the flue gas outlet; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, the particle diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a pump body provided with pressure through a spray nozzle.
The invention aims at providing another method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying, and provides a desulfurizing tower, wherein the desulfurizing tower is sequentially provided with a wet desulfurization spraying layer, a cold mist spraying layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top, flue gas enters the wet desulfurization spraying layer from a flue gas inlet on the side wall of the bottom of the desulfurizing tower to carry out wet desulfurization, saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization enters the cold mist spraying layer again, so that sprayed cold mist cools the saturated wet flue gas, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and the condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and the cooled wet flue gas is discharged after demisting by the demister; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, the particle diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a pump body provided with pressure through a spray nozzle.
The invention provides a device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying, which comprises a saturated wet flue gas pipeline, a cold spray tower, cooling equipment and a pump body, wherein the saturated wet flue gas pipeline provides saturated wet flue gas for the cold spray tower, the cold spray tower is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold spray layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top, the cold spray layer is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles, and the cooling equipment conveys liquid coolant to the spray nozzles of the cold spray layer after cooling the liquid coolant, so that cold mist with the temperature not exceeding 20 ℃ and the droplet particle size not exceeding 800 mu m is formed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has high removal efficiency, simple structure and less energy consumption. Based on the original method and device, the spray tower after the desulfurizing tower is modified, or the inlet flue of the electrostatic precipitator is modified, or the desulfurizing tower is modified, so that cold fog is sprayed to form cold nuclei, and further thermophoresis and diffusion swimming coordination function is carried out, so that fine particles and condensable particles are efficiently removed. And the required liquid coolant is sprayed, so that the circulating utilization can be realized through the external water pump and the heat pump system, and the required liquid coolant amount is small.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a plot of dust removal for the apparatus of example 1 spraying cold mist at different temperatures;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3;
wherein: 1. a cold spray tower; 2. a spray nozzle; 3. a demister; 4. a water level switch; 5. a water level controller; 6. a water tank; 7. a flue gas reheater; 8. a water pump; 9. an evaporator; 10. a compressor; 11. a condenser; 12. a throttle valve; 13. cooling tower, 14, inlet flue, 15, desulfurizing tower, 16, wet desulfurization spray layer, 17, cold fog spray layer, 18, water collecting tank, 19, liquid coolant storage tank.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As used herein, fine particulate matter refers to PM10 having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm, and condensable particulate matter refers to a substance that is in a gaseous state prior to discharge and is converted to liquid or solid particles after discharge.
As described in the background art, the prior art has the defects that the phase transition coagulation of the condensable particles cannot be promoted and the purification efficiency of the flue gas is low, and in order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a method and a device for purifying fine particles and the condensable particles in the coal-fired flue gas by using low Wen Penlin.
The application provides a purification treatment method of saturated wet flue gas, which adopts cold fog to spray the saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization, the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, and the diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m.
The existing spraying mode can not solve the purification problem of fine particles and condensable particles in saturated wet flue gas discharged by a wet desulfurization tower. Experiments show that the saturated wet flue gas temperature after wet desulfurization is generally about 50 ℃, the flue gas temperature can be further reduced through the cold fog with the spraying temperature not exceeding 20 ℃, so that water vapor is condensed on the surfaces of cold fog drops, the induced thermophoresis and diffusion swimming effect are achieved, agglomeration and growth of fine particles and condensation of the condensable particles are promoted, and deposition of the fine particles on the surfaces of the cold fog drops are facilitated, particle trapping is facilitated, meanwhile, the particle diameter of the fog drops is not more than 800 mu m, collision of the cold fog drops and the fine particles is facilitated, fine particles and the condensable particles are removed, and therefore the flue gas purification efficiency is improved. Simultaneously, the application adopts cold fog to spray the quantity of usage that can significantly reduce the coolant, reduces the cost of flue gas treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of the cold fog is 10-20 ℃. If the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the cost performance of the input energy, the resource and the purification efficiency is improved too low, and the economical efficiency is lower. If the temperature exceeds 20 ℃, the removal efficiency of fine particles and condensable particles is greatly reduced. The temperature of 10-20 ℃ is the optimal temperature range calculated by comprehensively considering the purification cost and the purification efficiency.
Preferably, the diameter of the mist drops of the cold mist is 200-800 mu m. If the particle size is too large, the removal efficiency is not high; if the particle size is less than 200 mu m, atomization investment for generating cold fog is high, economy is affected, and the cold fog particle size is too small and is difficult to capture and separate by a follow-up demister.
The utility model provides a typical implementation mode provides a low temperature sprays method of purifying fine particles, condensable particulate matters in coal-fired flue gas, provides cold spray tower, cold spray tower from bottom to top is equipped with flue gas import, cold fog spray layer, defroster and flue gas export in proper order, and the saturated wet flue gas after the wet flue gas desulfurization gets into from cold spray tower's lower part, makes the cold fog who sprays cool down wet flue gas through cold fog spray layer, realizes fine particles coalescence and condensable particle phase transition in the wet flue gas, and the wet flue gas after the cooling discharges after the defroster defogging; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a spray nozzle under the pressure provided by a pump body.
Preferably, the temperature of the cold fog is 10-20 ℃.
Preferably, the particle size of the cold mist is 200-800 mu m.
Preferably, a flue gas reheater is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the flue gas outlet for heating the discharged flue gas.
Further preferably, the flue gas reheater heats the discharged flue gas to raise the temperature of the flue gas by 10+/-2 ℃.
Preferably, a liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the cold spray tower, liquid coolant in the cold spray tower is collected by the liquid storage tank, and the pump body conveys the liquid coolant in the liquid storage tank to the cooling equipment for cooling.
It is further preferred that a water tank is provided, said reservoir draining excess liquid coolant into the water tank.
Preferably, the medium heated by the liquid coolant in the cooling device is used for cooling tower heat dissipation or for central heating.
According to another embodiment of the application, a method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying is provided, an inlet flue of a wet electrostatic precipitator is provided, a flue gas inlet, a cold fog spraying layer and a flue gas outlet are sequentially arranged in the flue gas flowing direction of the inlet flue gas, saturated wet flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization enters from the flue gas inlet, sprayed cold fog cools the saturated wet flue gas through the cold fog spraying layer, fine particle coagulation and condensable particle phase change in the wet flue gas are realized, and cooled wet flue gas is conveyed to the wet electrostatic precipitator through the flue gas outlet; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, the particle diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a pump body provided with pressure through a spray nozzle.
Preferably, the temperature of the cold fog is 10-20 ℃.
Preferably, the particle size of the cold mist is 200-800 mu m.
Preferably, a liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue, the liquid storage tank is used for collecting liquid coolant in the inlet flue, and the pump body is used for conveying the liquid coolant in the liquid storage tank to the cooling equipment for cooling.
It is further preferred that a water tank is provided, said reservoir draining excess liquid coolant into the water tank.
Preferably, the medium heated by the liquid coolant in the cooling device is used for cooling tower heat dissipation or for central heating.
According to the third embodiment of the application, another method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying is provided, a desulfurizing tower is provided, a wet desulfurization spraying layer, a cold fog spraying layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet are sequentially arranged on the desulfurizing tower from bottom to top, flue gas enters from a flue gas inlet on the side wall of the bottom of the desulfurizing tower to the wet desulfurization spraying layer for wet desulfurization, saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization enters into the cold fog spraying layer again, so that sprayed cold fog cools the saturated wet flue gas, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and the condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and the cooled wet flue gas is discharged after demisting by the demister; the temperature of the cold fog is not more than 20 ℃, the particle diameter of fog drops of the cold fog is not more than 800 mu m, and the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a pump body provided with pressure through a spray nozzle.
Preferably, the temperature of the cold fog is 10-20 ℃.
Preferably, the particle size of the cold mist is 200-800 mu m.
Preferably, a water collecting tank is arranged at the lower part of the cold fog spraying layer, the water collecting tank collects liquid coolant of the cold fog spraying layer and conveys the liquid coolant to a liquid coolant storage tank, and the pump body conveys the liquid coolant in the liquid coolant storage tank to cooling equipment for cooling.
It is further preferred that a water tank is provided, said reservoir draining excess liquid coolant into the water tank.
Preferably, the medium heated by the liquid coolant in the cooling device is used for cooling tower heat dissipation or for central heating.
The application provides a device of fine particles, condensable particulate matter in low temperature spray purification coal-fired flue gas, including saturated wet flue gas pipeline, cold spray tower, cooling arrangement and the pump body, saturated wet flue gas pipeline to cold spray tower provides saturated wet flue gas, cold spray tower from bottom to top is equipped with flue gas import, cold fog spray layer, defroster and flue gas export in proper order, cold fog spray layer arranges a plurality of spray nozzles, and cooling arrangement carries the cold fog that the temperature is not more than 20deg.C, droplet particle diameter is not more than 800 mu m in a plurality of spray nozzles of cold fog spray layer by the pump body after cooling arrangement cools liquid coolant.
Preferably, the flue gas outlet is connected with an outlet pipeline, and a flue gas reheater is arranged on the outlet pipeline.
Preferably, a liquid storage tank for collecting liquid coolant in the cold spray tower is arranged at the bottom of the cold spray tower.
Further preferably, the pump body delivers liquid coolant in the reservoir to the cooling device.
Further preferably, the liquid storage tank comprises a water tank, the liquid storage tank is connected with a water level controller, the water level controller detects the liquid level of the liquid coolant in the liquid storage tank, and when the liquid level is too high, the water level controller controls the excessive liquid coolant in the liquid storage tank to be discharged into the water tank.
Preferably, the cooling device comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve, the refrigerant in the cooling device flows through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the throttle valve in sequence, and then flows back to the evaporator through the throttle valve, and the liquid refrigerant is cooled in the evaporator.
A compressor: the pressure of the gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator is raised, thereby raising the boiling point thereof, facilitating liquefaction at normal temperature.
And (3) a condenser: the heat of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is absorbed by water or air to liquefy the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
Throttle valve: throttling and depressurization to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a pressure corresponding to the required saturation temperature.
An evaporator: the low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat by boiling, reduces the temperature of the liquid refrigerant, becomes low-pressure gaseous refrigerant after absorbing heat by itself, enters the compressor and starts the next cycle.
Further preferably, the water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser is sent to a cooling tower or a heating device.
The application provides another device of fine particles, condensable particulate matters in low temperature spray purification coal-fired flue gas, including wet electrostatic precipitator's entry flue, cooling arrangement and water pump, entry flue includes flue gas import, cold fog spray layer and flue gas export in proper order according to the flue gas flow direction, and cold fog spray layer arranges a plurality of spray nozzles, and the evaporator is carried to the cold fog of forming temperature no more than 20deg.C, fog droplet particle diameter no more than 800 mu m in a plurality of spray nozzles of cold fog spray layer by the water pump after with liquid coolant cooling.
The direction of the nozzle of the spray nozzle is arbitrary, can be opposite to the direction of the smoke, can be the same as the direction of the smoke, and can be vertical to the direction of the smoke.
Preferably, the cooling device is composed of an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve, and the refrigerant in the cooling device flows through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the throttle valve in sequence and flows back to the evaporator through the throttle valve. The water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser is delivered to a cooling tower.
Preferably, the bottom of the inlet flue is provided with a liquid storage tank for collecting liquid coolant in the inlet flue; the water pump delivers liquid coolant in the reservoir to the evaporator. The water tank is also included, the liquid storage tank is provided with a water level switch, and the water level switch conveys a water level signal to the water level controller.
The application provides a device of fine particles, condensable particulate matters in third kind low temperature sprays purification coal-fired flue gas, including desulfurizing tower, cooling arrangement and water pump, the desulfurizing tower is equipped with flue gas import, wet flue gas desulfurization from bottom to top in proper order sprays layer, cold fog sprays layer, defroster and flue gas export, and cold fog sprays layer and arranges a plurality of spray nozzles, and the evaporator is carried to the cold fog by the water pump after cooling liquid coolant and is formed the cold fog that the temperature is no more than 20deg.C, fog droplet particle diameter is no more than 800 mu m in a plurality of spray nozzles of cold fog sprays layer.
Preferably, the cooling device is composed of an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve, and the refrigerant in the cooling device flows through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the throttle valve in sequence and flows back to the evaporator through the throttle valve. The water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser is delivered to a cooling tower.
Preferably, a water collecting tank for collecting the liquid coolant in the cold mist spraying layer is arranged at the bottom of the cold mist spraying layer, and the water collecting tank conveys the collected liquid coolant to the liquid coolant storage tank. The water pump delivers the liquid coolant in the liquid coolant reservoir to the evaporator. The liquid coolant reservoir is provided with an evacuation line that is capable of evacuating excess coolant.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying comprises a cold spray tower 1, cooling equipment and a water pump 8, wherein the cold spray tower 1 is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold mist spray layer, a demister 3 and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top. The cold fog spraying layer is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 2, the cooling equipment consists of an evaporator 9, a compressor 10, a condenser 11 and a throttle valve 12, and the refrigerant in the cooling equipment flows through the evaporator 9, the compressor 10, the condenser 11 and the throttle valve 12 in sequence and flows back to the evaporator 9 through the throttle valve 12. The evaporator 9 cools the liquid coolant and then conveys the cooled liquid coolant to a plurality of spray nozzles 2 of the cold fog spray layer by a water pump 8 to form cold fog with the temperature not exceeding 20 ℃; the bottom of the cold spray tower 1 is provided with a liquid storage tank for collecting liquid coolant in the cold spray tower; the water pump 8 delivers the liquid coolant in the reservoir to the evaporator 9. The water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser 11 is sent to the cooling tower 13.
The flue gas outlet is connected with an outlet pipeline, and a flue gas reheater 7 is arranged on the outlet pipeline.
The device also comprises a water tank 6, the liquid storage tank is provided with a water level switch 4, and the water level switch 4 transmits a water level signal to a water level controller 5.
The method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in the coal-fired flue gas by using the low Wen Penlin comprises the following steps:
1) Introducing the wet-desulfurized saturated wet flue gas of the coal into the cold spray tower 1 through an air inlet at the lower part of the cold spray tower 1;
2) After entering the cold spray tower 1, each spray opening of the upper spray nozzle 2 carries out cold fog spray, and the temperature of the coal-fired flue gas is reduced in a spray cooling mode, so that fine particles in the flue gas are coagulated, the phase of the condensable particles is changed, and the purpose of depositing the condensable particles into cold liquid and finally capturing the condensed particles is achieved;
3) The coal-fired flue gas cooled by cold spraying passes through a demister 3 above a spray nozzle 2, particles are left in cooling liquid, and the particles are prevented from being taken away by the flue gas again;
4) The purified coal-fired flue gas is discharged from an air outlet at the top of the cold spray tower 1, enters a flue gas reheater 7, is heated, and is discharged after the heating;
5) The cooling liquid at the bottom of the cold spray tower 1 is pumped out by an external water pump 8 through a water outlet pipe, sent into a heat pump system (an evaporator 9-a compressor 10-a condenser 11-a throttle valve 12-the evaporator 9) for cooling, and then sent into a spray nozzle 2 for recycling;
6) The lower part of the cold spray tower 1 is provided with a water level controller 5 and a water drain, when the liquid level exceeds the position of the water level switch 4, the water level switch 4 transmits a signal to the water level controller 5 to control the water drain valve to drain water, and redundant cooling water flows into a water tank 6 below the spray tower 1;
7) The heat dissipation of the heat pump system can be directly connected with the cooling tower 13 for ventilation and heat dissipation.
The fine particle removal efficiency achieved by adopting cold mist spraying at different temperatures is shown in figure 2, and it can be obviously seen that the removal efficiency is highest when the cold mist is at 10-20 ℃.
Meanwhile, experimental verification on the influence of the size of the cold fog particles shows that the particle size of the sprayed cold fog is in the range of 200-800 mu m, and if the particle size is too large, the removal efficiency is not high; if the particle size is less than 200 mu m, atomization investment for generating cold fog is high, economy is affected, and the cold fog particle size is too small and is difficult to capture and separate by a follow-up demister.
Example 2
The device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying comprises an inlet flue 14 of a wet electrostatic precipitator, cooling equipment and a water pump 8, wherein the inlet flue 14 comprises a flue gas inlet, a cold fog spraying layer and a flue gas outlet in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction, as shown in figure 3. The cold fog spraying layer is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 2, the cooling equipment consists of an evaporator 9, a compressor 10, a condenser 11 and a throttle valve 12, and the refrigerant in the cooling equipment flows through the evaporator 9, the compressor 10, the condenser 11 and the throttle valve 12 in sequence and flows back to the evaporator 9 through the throttle valve 12. The evaporator 9 cools the liquid coolant and then conveys the cooled liquid coolant to a plurality of spray nozzles 2 of the cold fog spray layer by a water pump 8 to form cold fog with the temperature not exceeding 20 ℃; the bottom of the inlet flue 14 is provided with a liquid storage tank for collecting liquid coolant in the inlet flue 14; the water pump 8 delivers the liquid coolant in the reservoir to the evaporator 9. The water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser 11 is sent to the cooling tower 13.
The device also comprises a water tank 6, the liquid storage tank is provided with a water level switch 4, the water level switch 4 transmits a water level signal to the water level controller 5, and redundant water in the liquid storage tank is discharged into the water tank 6.
Example 3
The device for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a desulfurizing tower 15, cooling equipment and a water pump 8, wherein the desulfurizing tower 15 is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a wet desulfurization spraying layer 16, a cold mist spraying layer 17, a demister 3 and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top. The cold mist spraying layer 17 is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 2, the cooling equipment consists of an evaporator 9, a compressor 10, a condenser 11 and a throttle valve 12, and the refrigerant in the cooling equipment flows through the evaporator 9, the compressor 10, the condenser 11 and the throttle valve 12 in sequence and flows back to the evaporator 9 through the throttle valve 12. The evaporator 9 cools the liquid coolant and then conveys the cooled liquid coolant to a plurality of spray nozzles 2 of the cold fog spray layer 17 by a water pump 8 to form cold fog with the temperature not exceeding 20 ℃; the bottom of the cold fog spraying layer 17 is provided with a water collecting tank 18 for collecting liquid coolant in the cold fog spraying layer 17, and the water collecting tank 18 conveys the collected liquid coolant to a liquid coolant storage tank 19; the water pump 8 delivers the liquid coolant in the liquid coolant reservoir 19 to the evaporator 9. The water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser 11 is sent to the cooling tower 13. The device further comprises a water tank 6, the liquid coolant reservoir 19 is provided with a water level switch 4, the water level switch 4 transmits a water level signal to the water level controller 5, and surplus water in the liquid coolant reservoir 19 is discharged into the water tank 6.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for purifying fine particles and condensable particles in coal-fired flue gas by low-temperature spraying is characterized in that cold mist is adopted to spray saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization, and the temperature of the cold mist is 10-20 ℃; the particle size of the cold fog is 200-800 mu m;
providing a cold spray tower, wherein the cold spray tower is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold mist spray layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top, saturated wet flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization enters from the lower part of the cold spray tower, the sprayed cold mist cools the wet flue gas through the cold mist spray layer, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and the cooled wet flue gas is discharged after demisting through the demister;
or, providing an inlet flue of the wet electrostatic precipitator, wherein the inlet flue is sequentially provided with a flue gas inlet, a cold fog spraying layer and a flue gas outlet along the flue gas flowing direction, saturated wet flue gas subjected to wet desulfurization enters from the flue gas inlet, sprayed cold fog cools the saturated wet flue gas through the cold fog spraying layer, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and cooled wet flue gas is conveyed to the wet electrostatic precipitator through the flue gas outlet;
or, providing a desulfurizing tower, wherein the desulfurizing tower is sequentially provided with a wet desulfurization spraying layer, a cold mist spraying layer, a demister and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top, flue gas enters the wet desulfurization spraying layer from a flue gas inlet on the side wall of the bottom of the desulfurizing tower to carry out wet desulfurization, saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization enters the cold mist spraying layer again, so that sprayed cold mist cools the saturated wet flue gas, fine particles in the wet flue gas are condensed and condensable particles are subjected to phase change, and the cooled wet flue gas is discharged after demisting by the demister;
the cold fog is formed by spraying liquid coolant cooled by cooling equipment through a spray nozzle under the pressure provided by a pump body;
the lower part of the cold fog spraying layer is provided with a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank collects liquid coolant of the cold fog spraying layer and conveys the liquid coolant to a liquid coolant storage tank, and the pump body conveys the liquid coolant in the liquid coolant storage tank to cooling equipment for cooling;
the cold fog is sprayed to enable water vapor to be condensed on the surfaces of the cold fog drops, and the induced thermophoresis and diffusion swimming effect promotes agglomeration and growth of fine particles, condensation of condensable particles and deposition of the condensable particles on the surfaces of the cold fog drops, so that particle trapping is facilitated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a flue gas reheater is provided on an outlet line of a flue gas outlet of the cold spray tower to heat the discharged flue gas.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the flue gas reheater heats the exhaust flue gas to a temperature of 10±2 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue of the cold spray tower or the wet electrostatic precipitator, the liquid storage tank is used for collecting liquid coolant in the cold spray tower, and the pump body is used for conveying the liquid coolant in the liquid storage tank to the cooling equipment for cooling.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein a water tank is provided, the reservoir discharging excess liquid coolant into the water tank.
6. The utility model provides a device of fine particles, condensable particulate matter in low temperature spray purification coal-fired flue gas, characterized by, including saturated wet flue gas pipeline, cold spray tower, cooling arrangement and the pump body, saturated wet flue gas pipeline for cold spray tower provides saturated wet flue gas, cold spray tower is equipped with flue gas import, cold fog spray layer, defroster and flue gas export from bottom to top in proper order, cold fog spray layer arranges a plurality of spray nozzles, and cooling arrangement carries the cold fog that the temperature is 10~20 ℃ in a plurality of spray nozzles of cold fog spray layer by the pump body after cooling liquid coolant, and fog droplet particle diameter is 200~800 mu m.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the flue gas outlet is connected to an outlet line, and wherein a flue gas reheater is provided on the outlet line.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a bottom of the cold spray tower is provided with a reservoir for collecting liquid coolant in the cold spray tower.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the pump body delivers liquid coolant in the reservoir to the cooling device.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, including a water tank, the reservoir being connected to a level controller, the level controller detecting the level of liquid coolant in the reservoir, the level controller controlling the discharge of excess liquid coolant in the reservoir to the water tank when the level is too high.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the cooling device comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttle valve, the refrigerant in the cooling device flows through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, and the throttle valve in this order, and then flows back to the evaporator through the throttle valve, and the liquid coolant is cooled in the evaporator.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the water or air after absorbing heat in the condenser is delivered to a cooling tower or heating plant.
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