CN108008358A - A kind of step frequency source and its application method for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end - Google Patents
A kind of step frequency source and its application method for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end Download PDFInfo
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- CN108008358A CN108008358A CN201810021139.2A CN201810021139A CN108008358A CN 108008358 A CN108008358 A CN 108008358A CN 201810021139 A CN201810021139 A CN 201810021139A CN 108008358 A CN108008358 A CN 108008358A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of new step frequency source for radio-frequency front-end and its output method, and mainly solution prior art output signal upper limiting frequency is not high, debugs the technical problem of inconvenience.By using including PLL circuit module, control circuit module and voltage stabilizing circuit module, the control circuit module is connected with PLL circuit module, the technical solution that the Voltage stabilizing module is connected with the PLL circuit module and control circuit module, the problem is preferably resolved, can be used in applying automobile anti-collision radar system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Anticollision Radar radio frequency arts, are related specifically to a kind of step for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end
Into frequency source system and its application method.
Background technology
The parameter of frequency source directly influences the reliability of radar and the performance of ranging and range rate in anti-collision radar system, so
Frequency source also becomes the pith in the design of whole automobile anti-collision radar system.
At present, realize the common technology of frequency source be mainly based upon direct digital frequence synthesis (DDS) technology and DDS with
The technology of PLL combinations.Although this combination can overcome the shortcomings that nonlinearity in voltage modulated VCO schemes, and
The frequency conversions of DDS technologies is very fast, frequency resolution is high, but due to being subject to digital integrated electronic circuit speed and Nyquist theorem
Limitation, the output signal upper limiting frequency of DDS technologies is high, it is difficult to reaches design requirement.To meet design requirement, must also pass through
A series of upconversion process, so causes that this combining structure circuit is relative complex, and cost is higher, and later stage debugging is extremely inconvenient.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be it is existing in the prior art output signal upper limiting frequency it is not high and debug
The technical problem of inconvenience, there is provided a kind of new step frequency source and its application method for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, the skill
Art removes to configure internal register so that high-frequency, high-resolution are realized in step frequency source by control circuit module, and low phase is made an uproar
Sound, a variety of output waveforms function technical characterstic.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used is as follows：
A kind of step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, including PLL circuit module, control circuit module and steady
Volt circuit module, the PLL circuit module are connected with the control circuit module, the voltage stabilizing circuit module and PLL electricity
Road module is connected with the control circuit module；
The PLL circuit module includes reference source and programmable Fractional-N frequency device, the reference source and the programmable Fractional-N frequency
Device is connected with phase frequency detector at the same time, and the phase frequency detector is connected with loop filter, and the loop filter shakes with voltage-controlled
Device connection is swung, the voltage controlled oscillator is connected with the programmable Fractional-N frequency device and frequency multiplier circuit at the same time；
The control circuit module includes the microcontroller being connected with the programmable Fractional-N frequency device, and the microcontroller is connected with
Communication interface and memory.
The reference source is used to provide reference frequency for the PLL circuit module；The phase frequency detector is used to compare institute
The frequency plot of reference frequency and the frequency plot of the programmable Fractional-N frequency device output signal are stated, controls reference frequency signal
The frequency plot keep frequency of frequency plot and programmable Fractional-N frequency device output signal is equal, phase is fixed；The VCO inputs
Direct current signal control frequency of oscillation output；The programmable Fractional-N frequency device is used for the frequency for the output signal for switching the VCO
Rate；The frequency multiplier circuit is used to export after the output signal frequency multiplication tremendously high frequency frequency of the VCO；Loop filter is used for will mirror
Direct current signal equalization of the frequency phase discriminator output containing ripple, believes except the direct current signal is transformed to the few direct current of alternating component
Number low-pass filter outside, also have reduce PLL circuit module inside and outside phase noise performance；Frequency multiplier circuit output high frequency causes
Frequency source can export upper frequency, and the high resolution of frequency；Voltage stabilizing circuit module is used for for PLL circuit module and control electricity
Road module provides stable voltage source, and control circuit module is connected with outer signals, and programmable Fractional-N frequency device is programmed
Control, easy to multiple waveforms output and the debugging of the frequency in later stage.
Further：The communication interface is USB interface.
Further：The voltage stabilizing circuit module includes low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator.
A kind of application method in step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, the method are based on any of the above-described kind
For the step frequency source of Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, method comprises the following steps：
A. the control circuit module is connected to computer, the control circuit module is powered by computer connection wire；
The voltage stabilizing circuit module is powered for the PLL circuit module and the control circuit module；
B. on after the power is turned on, the parameter of multiple registers inside the phase frequency detector, the multiple register bag are set
Include the first register, the second register, the 3rd register ... and N registers；
C., the frequency values f of the phase frequency detector is setPFD, frequency locking time spacing value t and Hopping frequencies deviation
fDEV；
D. output frequency is calculated：
RFout=[N+ (FRAC/225)]×fPFD, fPFD=REFIN× [(1+D)/(R × (1+T))] wherein, RFoutFor institute
State the frequency that VCO feeds back to the PLL circuit module；N is the integer division coeffi of the programmable Fractional-N frequency device；FRAC is institute
State the decimal of programmable Fractional-N frequency device；REFINInputted for the reference frequency；D is REFINFrequency multiplier position, system is divided on the basis of R
Count, two divided-frequency position on the basis of T；N=int (fPFD/RFout), FRAC=FMSB×213+FLSB, wherein, FMSBIt is first deposit
Device MSB FRAC values, FLSBIt is the LSB FRAC values of second register, int is bracket function；
E. the output frequency in step D is by exporting step frequency f after the frequency multiplier circuitout。
Further：The step frequency is single slope burst pulse waveform, single sawtooth burst pulse waveform, sawtooth
The combination or any two combination of any of ramp waveform, triangle ramp waveform.
Further：The frequency resolution of the step frequency is fRES, the frequency resolution fRES=fPFD/225；
The scan frequency bandwidth fSPANIn the range of number of steps M=fSPAN/fDEV；
The Hopping time of the step frequency is at intervals of t1, and the Hopping time is at intervals of t1=t/M.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Effect one, the frequency plot and programmable Fractional-N frequency device of phase frequency detector control reference frequency signal export signal
Frequency plot makes that its keep frequency is equal, phase is fixed, easy to follow the trail of locking；Loop filter is used to export phase frequency detector
Direct current signal equalization containing ripple, the low-pass filtering except the direct current signal to be transformed to the few direct current signal of alternating component
Outside device, it is additionally operable to reduce the phase noise performance inside and outside PLL circuit module, is achieved in low phase noise；Frequency multiplier circuit is used for
It will be exported after the output signal frequency multiplication tremendously high frequency frequency of VCO so that frequency source exports high frequency, and frequency resolution is high；Voltage stabilizing electricity
Road module is used to provide stable voltage source, control circuit module and outer signals for PLL circuit module and control circuit module
Connection, and control is programmed to programmable Fractional-N frequency device, easy to multiple waveforms output and the debugging of the frequency in later stage.
Effect two, holder are used for extender, are debugged easy to the frequency in later stage.
Effect three, the frequency source only include PLL circuit module, voltage stabilizing circuit module and control circuit module, and circuit is simple,
It is easy to program-controlled, debugging is easy, and theoretical small with measurement error, efficiency of transmission is high, and can realize low phase noise, Step Frequency, output
The performance that waveform is controllable, locking time is fast and frequency resolution is high.
Effect four, PLL circuit module uses the frequency synthesis technique of single PLL circuit, i.e., including reference source, frequency and phase discrimination
Device, VCO, loop filter, may be programmed Fractional-N frequency device and frequency multiplier, and circuit is simple, and output waveform is controllable, locking time is fast and frequency
Rate high resolution.
Effect five, control circuit module use USB communication interface, realize between computer and PLL circuit module at a high speed
Data transfer, drastically increase efficiency of transmission.
Effect six, voltage stabilizing circuit module use low pressure drop (LDO) linear voltage regulator, and cost is low, low noise, quiescent current
Small, outward element is few, usually only needs one or two shunt capacitance to can be achieved, simplifies circuit, saved cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the circuit of the frequency source of the present invention connects block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the rate-adaptive pacemaker flow chart of the frequency source of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides the step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, including PLL circuit mould
Block, control circuit module and voltage stabilizing circuit module, PLL circuit module are connected with control circuit module, voltage stabilizing circuit module and PLL
Circuit module is connected with control circuit module；
PLL circuit module includes reference source and programmable Fractional-N frequency device, reference source and programmable Fractional-N frequency device while and frequency discrimination
Phase discriminator connects, and phase discriminator is connected with loop filter, and loop filter is connected with voltage controlled oscillator, voltage controlled oscillator and meanwhile with
Programmable Fractional-N frequency device is connected with frequency multiplier circuit；Control circuit module includes the microcontroller being connected with programmable Fractional-N frequency device, monolithic
Machine is connected with communication interface and memory.
Reference source is used to provide reference frequency for the PLL circuit module, and reference source is by that can provide 25MHz reference inputs frequency
The high stability of rate, high-precision active temperature compensation crystal oscillator provide；Phase frequency detector is used for the frequency of the reference frequency
The frequency plot of rate phase and the programmable Fractional-N frequency device output signal, controls the frequency plot of reference frequency signal and can compile
Journey Fractional-N frequency device output signal frequency plot keep frequency is equal, phase is fixed；The direct current signal control vibration of VCO inputs
The output of frequency；Programmable Fractional-N frequency device is used for the frequency for the output signal for switching VCO；Frequency multiplier circuit is used to believe the output of VCO
Exported after number frequency multiplication tremendously high frequency frequency；Loop filter is used to direct current signal of the phase frequency detector output containing ripple being averaged
Change, in addition to the direct current signal of the equalization to be transformed to the low-pass filter of the few direct current signal of alternating component, also there is drop
Phase noise performance inside and outside low PLL circuit module；Frequency multiplier circuit output high frequency enables frequency source to export upper frequency, and
The high resolution of frequency；Voltage stabilizing circuit module is used to provide stable voltage source, control for PLL circuit module and control circuit module
Circuit module processed is connected with outer signals, and is programmed control to programmable Fractional-N frequency device, exported easy to multiple waveforms and
The frequency debugging in later stage.
Specifically, communication interface is USB interface, and USB interface is used to be connected with exterior computer software end；Computer is soft
Part end is carried out data transmission by USB interface, and then controls the integer value N values of programmable Fractional-N frequency device；USB interface is general string
Row bus, for connecting computer software and single-chip minimum system；Microcontroller is the microcomputer of high-transmission efficiency；Storage
Device is auxiliary memory, for extender；Voltage stabilizing circuit module includes low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator, which includes two
Part, first, the external input voltage of 15V is converted into 3V and 5V through low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator, uses for PLL circuit module；Two
It is that the USB interface voltage of 5V is converted into 3.3V through low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator regulator circuit, is used for control circuit module.
The application method in the step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end as shown in Figure 2, is used for using above-mentioned
The step frequency source of Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, application method comprise the following steps：
A. control circuit module is connected to computer, control circuit module is powered by computer connection wire；Regulator circuit
Module is powered for PLL circuit module and control circuit module；
B. after the power is turned on, the parameter of multiple registers inside phase frequency detector is set, and multiple registers include the first deposit
Device, the second register, the 3rd register ... and N registers；
C., the frequency values f of phase frequency detector is setPFD, frequency locking time spacing value t and Hopping frequencies deviation fDEV；
D. output frequency is calculated：
RFout=[N+ (FRAC/225)]×fPFD, fPFD=REFIN× [(1+D)/(R × (1+T))] wherein, RFoutFor institute
State the frequency that VCO feeds back to the PLL circuit module；N is the integer division coeffi of the programmable Fractional-N frequency device；FRAC is institute
State the decimal of programmable Fractional-N frequency device；REFINInputted for the reference frequency；D is REFINFrequency multiplier position, system is divided on the basis of R
Count, two divided-frequency position on the basis of T；N=int (fPFD/RFout), FRAC=FMSB×213+FLSB, wherein, FMSBIt is first deposit
Device MSB FRAC values, FLSBIt is the LSB FRAC values of second register, int is bracket function；
E. the output frequency in step D is by exporting step frequency f after the frequency multiplier circuitout。
Specifically, the frequency resolution of step frequency is fRES, frequency resolution fRES=fPFD/225；
The scan frequency bandwidth fSPANIn the range of number of steps M=fSPAN/fDEV；
The Hopping time of step frequency is at intervals of t1, Hopping time interval t1=t/M.
In the present embodiment, the frequency values f of phase frequency detector is setPFDIt is for 25MHz, frequency locking time spacing value t
2ms, the exemplary frequency deviation values f of frequency hoppingDEVFor 250kHz, frequency resolution f is thus calculatedRES=0.745Hz, 4 word DEV_
OFFSET can be calculated by following formula
DEV_OFFSET=lg (fDEV/(fRES/DEVMAX))/lg2=lg (250kHz/ (0.745Hz/215))/lg2=
3.356
DEV_OFFSET=4 is obtained after rounding；
Deviation DEV=fDEV/(fRES×2DEV_OFFSET)=250kHz/0.745Hz × 24=20,971.52, after rounding
To DEV=20,972；To verify this correctness calculated；
Substitute into formula fDEV=fRES×(DEV×2DEV_OFFSET)=0.745Hz × (20,972 × 24)=250.005kHz,
With the deviation f of setting value settingDEVIt coincide for 250kHz.
Scan frequency bandwidth fSPANF needed in the range of 250MHzDEVNumber of steps is M, M=250MHz/250.006kHz
=1000.To cover 250MHz scopes in 2ms, the Hopping time interval t1 of frequency source is 2ms/1000=2 μ s, 2 μ s frequency hoppings
Once.
Summarize arrangement above：Deviation DEV is 20,972, and number of steps M is 1,000, CLK1=50 (in the 3rd register R2
12 MOD frequency dividers), CLK2=1 (the 5th register R4-CLK DIV are arranged to RAMP DIV).It can be incited somebody to action using arrangement above
The programming of phase frequency detector is arranged on the centre frequency of 1507.8125MHz, passes through the output stepping in frequency multiplier circuit step frequency source
Frequency foutFor 24.125GHz, and sawtooth ramp waveform can be produced.If triangle slope is used for identical setting, Anticollision Radar
Step frequency source will be scanned to 24.25GHz from 24GHz, then be declined again, the whole time-consuming 4ms of scanning.
Specifically, can be by setting function setting the 4th to deposit to make the step frequency of output realize waveform controllable function
The DB [11 of device R3:10] to start ramp mode, it can be achieved that single slope burst, single sawtooth burst, sawtooth are oblique
Any of slope, triangle slope are combined or the multiple waveforms of any two combinations.When enabling single burst ramp mode,
The Fractional-N frequency value of programmable Fractional-N frequency device is successively decreased DEV × 2DEV_OFFSET, this situation is continued for untill the number of steps of setting.When
When completing number of steps again, it can be incremented to Fractional-N frequency value again, this process of repetition can produce triangular waveform.Waveform repeats
Untill this slope is disabled.
Specifically, to make the step frequency of output realize quick lock in function, the optimal band except setting loop filter
It is wide outer, express lock mode also can be used.DB [20 in the 5th register R4:19] when position is arranged to 01, the 5th register
Timer value in R4 is loaded by 12 bit clock divider-values.Quick lock in is used, PLL circuit module must be by one sequence
Write-in：1. in device after the power is turned on, initialization sequence；2. load the 5th register R4DB [20:19]=01 and selection fast lock
Determine timer value DB [18:7]；3. if taken longer in the bandwidth of loop filter, using in the 5th register R4
MOD divider-values DB [14:3] to load the 3rd register R2.
Specifically, to make the step frequency of output realize high frequency resolution function, PLL circuit mould can be adjusted by changing
The phase demodulation frequency of the phase frequency detector of block.
Four laminate of frequency source uses Rogers's sheet fabrication, plus good electromagnetic Compatibility Design, makes product in phase
Expected technical requirements are reached in the key technical index such as noise, spuious, stepping, locking time.
Although the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel are it will be appreciated that the present invention, but the present invention is not limited only to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, as long as long as various change appended claim limit and definite spirit and scope of the invention in, one
The innovation and creation using present inventive concept are cut in the row of protection.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, it is characterised in that：Including PLL circuit module, control electricity Road module and voltage stabilizing circuit module, the PLL circuit module are connected with the control circuit module, the voltage stabilizing circuit module with The PLL circuit module is connected with the control circuit module；The PLL circuit module includes reference source and programmable Fractional-N frequency device, and the reference source and the programmable Fractional-N frequency device are same When be connected with phase frequency detector, the phase frequency detector is connected with loop filter, the loop filter and voltage controlled oscillator Connection, the voltage controlled oscillator are connected with the programmable Fractional-N frequency device and frequency multiplier circuit at the same time；The control circuit module includes the microcontroller being connected with the programmable Fractional-N frequency device, and the microcontroller is connected with communication Interface and memory.
- 2. the step frequency source according to claim 1 for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, it is characterised in that：The communication Interface is USB interface.
- 3. the step frequency source according to claim 2 for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, it is characterised in that：The voltage stabilizing Circuit module includes low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator.
- A kind of 4. application method in step frequency source for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, it is characterised in that：The method is based on Any step frequency sources for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end of claim 1-3, application method comprise the following steps：A. the control circuit module is connected to computer, the control circuit module is powered by computer connection wire；It is described Voltage stabilizing circuit module is powered for the PLL circuit module and the control circuit module；B. after the power is turned on, the parameter of multiple registers inside the phase frequency detector is set, and the multiple register includes first Register, the second register, the 3rd register ... and N registers；C., the frequency values f of the phase frequency detector is setPFD, frequency locking time spacing value t and Hopping frequencies deviation fDEV；D. output frequency is calculated：RFout=[N+ (FRAC/225)]×fPFD, fPFD=REFIN× [(1+D)/(R × (1+T))] wherein, RFoutFor the VCO Feed back to the frequency of the PLL circuit module；N is the integer division coeffi of the programmable Fractional-N frequency device；FRAC can compile to be described The decimal of journey Fractional-N frequency device；REFINInputted for the reference frequency；D is REFINFrequency multiplier position, frequency division coefficient on the basis of R, T is base Quasi- two divided-frequency position；N=int (fPFD/RFout), FRAC=FMSB×213+FLSB, wherein, FMSBIt is the first register MSB FRAC values, FLSBIt is the LSBFRAC values of second register, int is bracket function；E. the output frequency in step D is by exporting step frequency f after the frequency multiplier circuitout。
- 5. the application method in the step frequency source according to claim 4 for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, its feature exist In：The step frequency is single slope burst pulse waveform, single sawtooth burst pulse waveform, sawtooth ramp waveform, triangle The combination of any of ramp waveform or any two combination.
- 6. the application method in the step frequency source according to claim 5 for Anticollision Radar radio-frequency front-end, its feature exist In：The frequency resolution of the step frequency is fRES, the frequency resolution fRES=fPFD/225；The scan frequency bandwidth fSPANIn the range of number of steps M=fSPAN/fDEV；The Hopping time of the step frequency is at intervals of t1, and the Hopping time is at intervals of t1=t/M.
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