CN108008143B - Laser speed measuring device and method for speed of bullet exit - Google Patents
Laser speed measuring device and method for speed of bullet exit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108008143B CN108008143B CN201711248771.2A CN201711248771A CN108008143B CN 108008143 B CN108008143 B CN 108008143B CN 201711248771 A CN201711248771 A CN 201711248771A CN 108008143 B CN108008143 B CN 108008143B
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- laser
- projectile
- photoelectric conversion
- conversion unit
- bright
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005441 aurora Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/68—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01P3/685—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light for projectile velocity measurements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser speed measuring device for the speed of a projectile exit, which comprises a projectile tube, a projectile, a laser receiving and transmitting module, a timing unit, a photoelectric conversion unit and a processor, wherein a plurality of bright and dark stripes are arranged on the outer diameter of the projectile body along the axis direction of the projectile, the widths of each group of bright and dark stripes are equal, the widths of the bright and dark stripes are equal, the laser receiving and transmitting module is arranged at the exit of the projectile tube, the signal output end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the signal input end of the timing unit, the signal output end of the timing unit is connected with the signal input end of the processor, and the signal output end of the processor is connected with the signal input end of a display. The invention provides a laser speed measuring device and a laser speed measuring method for the speed of a projectile exit, which have simple structure and small measuring error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser speed measurement, and particularly relates to a laser speed measurement device and method for the speed of a projectile exit.
Background
The exit speed of the pellets reflects the launching capability of the loading device, the exit speed of the pellets has great significance for practical research, the common contact type speed measuring method comprises a probe method and a target line method, the measuring precision is low, the flying gesture of the pellets can be influenced, the non-contact type speed measuring method comprises a laser method, an electromagnetic speed measuring method and the like, only the average speed of the pellets at a certain stage in the flying process can be measured, larger measuring errors can be generated under the condition that the speed of the pellets is changed greatly, the distance and travel measurement of the pellets has errors, only the average speed can be measured, and the speed history of the pellets can not be calculated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the laser speed measuring device and the laser speed measuring method for the speed of the shot exit, which have simple structure and small measuring error.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a laser speed measuring device of pellet exit velocity, includes bullet pipe, pellet, laser transceiver module, timing unit, photoelectric conversion unit and treater, be provided with a plurality of bright and dark stripes on the pellet body external diameter along the pellet axis direction, each group bright stripe's width equals, and bright stripe equals with dark stripe's width, the exit of bullet pipe is provided with laser transceiver module, photoelectric conversion unit's signal output part is connected with timing unit's signal input part, timing unit's signal output part is connected with the signal input part of treater, the signal output part of treater is connected with the signal input part of display.
Further, the laser transceiver module comprises a laser transceiver, an optical fiber and a projectile capturing probe, wherein the laser transceiver emits laser rays into the projectile tube through the optical fiber, the laser rays are perpendicular to the axis of the projectile tube, and the laser rays reflected by the bright stripes on the projectile body return to the optical fiber through the projectile capturing probe and are subjected to signal conversion through the photoelectric conversion unit.
Further, the bullet is managed and is offered the logical light hole that supplies laser beam to pass through, be provided with condensing lens and filter in the logical light hole, condensing lens, filter set gradually along laser emission ray path.
Further, the timing unit comprises a first timer and a second timer, the photoelectric conversion unit comprises a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit, the signal input end of the first timer is connected with the signal output end of the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the signal input end of the second timer is connected with the signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit; the first photoelectric conversion unit is arranged adjacent to the laser receiving and transmitting module and is positioned on a path of laser ray reflection, and the second photoelectric conversion unit is arranged on a bullet tube wall body opposite to the laser receiving and transmitting module and is positioned on a direct path of laser ray.
Further, the pellet is of a cylindrical structure, and the sum of the widths of the light and dark fringes on the outer diameter of the pellet is equal to the total length of the pellet.
Further, the inner diameter gap between the projectile and the bullet tube is set, and the distance between the laser receiving and transmitting module and the ejection port of the bullet tube is equal to the width of a group of bright and dark stripes.
A laser speed measuring method for the speed of a bullet exit port comprises the following steps: the laser transceiver emits laser rays and irradiates the second photoelectric conversion unit, the pellets fly in the bullet tube after being emitted, when the pellets pass through the laser rays, the luminous flux changes, and the second photoelectric conversion unit triggers the second timer to start timing;
when the projectile just contacts and shields laser light, the laser light is reflected by the bright stripes, the laser receiving and transmitting module receives the reflected laser light and performs signal conversion by the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the first photoelectric conversion unit simultaneously triggers the first timer to start timing;
when the projectile flies a group of strokes of bright stripes, laser rays irradiate on dark stripe areas, reflected laser rays are interrupted at the moment, and the first timer is triggered to stop timing when the first photoelectric conversion unit cannot detect light signals;
the projectile continuously flies, and after passing through a plurality of groups of bright and dark stripes, a first timer records a plurality of groups of time interval data;
after the projectile finishes flying, the second photoelectric conversion unit receives the light signal again, and triggers the second timer to stop timing;
the processor obtains timing data from the timing unit and calculates the velocity of the projectile through each set of time intervals.
The beneficial effects are that: the bright and dark stripes on the projectile can reflect laser rays at intervals when the projectile passes through the laser rays, a plurality of time intervals are obtained, the speed change of the projectile at high speed can be continuously measured, the acceleration of the projectile is calculated, and the speed history of the projectile in a projectile tube is calculated; and the speed measuring distance can be adjusted, so that the device has good universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the laser transceiver module of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the moving state of the bullet tube and the bullet according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, a laser speed measuring device for the speed of a projectile exit port comprises a projectile tube 1, a projectile 2, a laser receiving and transmitting module 3, a timing unit 4, a photoelectric conversion unit 9 and a processor, wherein a plurality of bright and dark stripes 5 are arranged on the outer diameter of the projectile 2 body along the axis direction of the projectile, the widths of the bright and dark stripes 5 are equal, the widths of the bright and dark stripes 5a and the dark stripes 5b are equal, the total width of the bright and dark stripes is d, the laser receiving and transmitting module 3 is arranged at the exit port of the projectile tube 1, the signal output end of the photoelectric conversion unit 9 is connected with the signal input end of the timing unit 4, the signal output end of the timing unit 4 is connected with the signal input end of the processor, and the signal output end of the processor is connected with the signal input end of a display. When the bright and dark stripes of the pellets pass through the laser beam, the bright stripes 5a reflect the laser beam, the photoelectric conversion unit 9 converts the optical signal into an electric signal, the timing unit is triggered to start timing, the time interval of the pellets passing through each bright stripe is recorded, the speed of the pellets passing through each bright stripe is calculated in the processor, and the acceleration of the pellets can be calculated in sequence; the whole measuring method is simple and convenient, and the device has simple structure and strong practicability; in addition, the measurement of each speed parameter is completed in the same shot launching stroke, so that the measurement error is greatly reduced; the accuracy of the measurement structure is ensured to be higher;
calculating the speed of the projectile by using a formula v=c/t, wherein v is the speed of the projectile passing through the bright stripes, c is the width of the bright stripes and t is the time of the projectile passing through the bright stripes; and utilize V 2 ＝V 1 +at 1 Calculating the acceleration of the projectile, wherein V 1 For the speed of the laser beam passing first, a isAcceleration, t of the projectile 1 The time interval of the shot passing through two groups of light and shade stripes adjacent to each other is V 2 The velocity of the laser beam is calculated for the velocity of the laser beam and the instantaneous velocity of the bullet tube outlet is calculated based on the acceleration of the bullet.
The timing unit 4 comprises a first timer and a second timer, the photoelectric conversion unit 9 comprises a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit, the signal input end of the first timer is connected with the signal output end of the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the signal input end of the second timer is connected with the signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit; the first photoelectric conversion unit is arranged adjacent to the laser receiving and transmitting module 3 and is positioned on a path of laser ray reflection, and the second photoelectric conversion unit is arranged on a bullet tube wall body opposite to the laser receiving and transmitting module and is positioned on a direct path of laser ray. The laser transceiver emits laser rays and irradiates the second photoelectric conversion unit, the pellets fly in the bullet tube after being emitted, when the pellets pass through the laser rays, the luminous flux changes, and the second photoelectric conversion unit triggers the second timer to start timing; when the projectile just contacts and shields laser light, the laser light is reflected by the bright stripes, the laser receiving and transmitting module receives the reflected laser light and performs signal conversion by the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the first photoelectric conversion unit simultaneously triggers the first timer to start timing; when the projectile flies a group of strokes of bright stripes, laser rays irradiate on dark stripe areas, reflected laser rays are interrupted at the moment, and the first timer is triggered to stop timing when the first photoelectric conversion unit cannot detect light signals; the two adjacent timing intervals are the time of passing through the bright stripes or the dark stripes of the pellets, and the flying speed of the pellets can be calculated through a calculation formula; the projectile continuously flies, and after passing through a plurality of groups of bright and dark stripes, a first timer records a plurality of groups of time interval data; after the projectile finishes flying, the second photoelectric conversion unit receives the light signal again, and triggers the second timer to stop timing; the timing interval of the second timer is the time when the whole single pellet passes through the laser beam, the average speed of the pellet can be calculated according to the total length of the pellet, the instantaneous speed passing through each bright stripe 5a can be calculated on average, and then compared with the average speed passing through the whole pellet, and the speed detection errors of the two are compared; the width of the bright stripes 5a is optimal at about 3-5 mm, and if the width is smaller, the measurement is inaccurate and the fault tolerance is lower; because the length of the projectile is limited, if the width is larger, the number of the bright and dark stripes is smaller, so that the measured experimental data is smaller. In order to ensure the precise width of the bright and dark stripes, a photolithography method can be adopted for processing.
The projectile 2 is of a cylindrical structure, two ends of the projectile are of a plane structure, and the sum of the widths of the light and shade strips 5 on the outer diameter of the projectile 2 is equal to the total length of the projectile 2. When the front end of the projectile just passes through the laser ray, the bright stripes just can reflect the laser ray, and when the tail end of the projectile just passes through the laser ray, the stroke cycle of a group of bright and dark stripes is just completed, so that the timing simultaneity of the two timers is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser transceiver module 3 includes a laser transceiver 6, an optical fiber 7 and a pellet capturing probe 8, the laser transceiver 6 emits laser light into the pellet tube 1 through the optical fiber 7, and the laser light is perpendicular to the axis of the pellet tube 1, so that the aurora light is perpendicularly irradiated on the bright and dark stripes, the laser light reflected by the bright stripes on the body of the pellet 2 returns into the optical fiber 7 through the pellet capturing probe 8, the energy weakness of the laser light is reduced, the optical fiber propagation speed is high, the travel of the emitted laser light and the received laser light are consistent, the measurement error is reduced, and the signal conversion is performed through the photoelectric conversion unit.
The bullet pipe 1 is provided with a light-passing hole for laser light to pass through, a condenser lens 9 and a filter lens 10 are arranged in the light-passing hole, and the condenser lens 9 and the filter lens 10 are sequentially arranged along a laser emission ray path. The condenser 9 can make the laser beam form a spot straight line, when the laser beam irradiates on the bright and dark stripes, the laser beam is a spot light spot with smaller diameter, the width of the bright stripes is limited, the smaller spot light spot can ensure the accuracy of measurement, and the filter 10 filters out the stray light, so that the singleness of the light is ensured.
The inner diameter gap between the projectile 2 and the projectile tube 1 is set to keep a stable posture in the flying process of the projectile, the distance between the laser receiving and transmitting module 3 and the ejection opening of the projectile tube is equal to the width of one or more groups of bright and dark stripes 5, the disturbance of the disordered light rays of the ejection opening of the projectile tube to the measuring process is avoided, and the measuring error is reduced.
The width of the bright stripe in the bright-dark stripe 5 is equal to an integral multiple of the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser transceiver module 3.
A laser speed measuring method for the speed of a bullet exit port comprises the following steps: the laser transceiver 6 emits laser rays and irradiates the second photoelectric conversion unit, the pellets 2 fly in the tube after being emitted, when the pellets 2 pass through the laser rays, the luminous flux changes, and the second photoelectric conversion unit triggers the second timer to start timing;
when the projectile 2 just contacts and shields laser light, the laser light is reflected by the bright stripes, the laser receiving and transmitting module 3 receives the reflected laser light and performs signal conversion by the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the first photoelectric conversion unit simultaneously triggers the first timer to start timing;
when the projectile flies a group of strokes of bright stripes, laser rays irradiate on dark stripe areas, reflected laser rays are interrupted at the moment, and the first timer is triggered to stop timing when the first photoelectric conversion unit cannot detect light signals;
the projectile 2 continues to fly, and after passing through a plurality of groups of bright and dark stripes, a first timer records a plurality of groups of time interval data;
after the projectile 2 finishes flying, the second photoelectric conversion unit receives the light signal again, and triggers a second timer to stop timing;
the processor obtains timing data from the timing unit and calculates the velocity of the projectile through each set of time intervals.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a laser speed measuring device of pellet exit velocity which characterized in that: the device comprises a bullet tube (1), a bullet (2), a laser receiving and transmitting module (3), a timing unit (4), a photoelectric conversion unit and a processor, wherein a plurality of bright and dark stripes (5) are arranged on the outer diameter of a bullet body along the axis direction of the bullet, the widths of the bright and dark stripes (5) of each group are equal, the widths of the bright stripes and the dark stripes are equal, the laser receiving and transmitting module (3) is arranged at the exit port of the bullet tube (1), the signal output end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the signal input end of the timing unit (4), the signal output end of the timing unit (4) is connected with the signal input end of the processor, and the signal output end of the processor is connected with the signal input end of a display;
the laser transceiver module (3) comprises a laser transceiver (6), an optical fiber (7) and a pellet capturing probe (8), the laser transceiver (6) emits laser rays into the pellet tube (1) through the optical fiber (7), the laser rays are perpendicular to the axis of the pellet tube (1), and the laser rays reflected by the bright stripes on the body of the pellet (2) are returned into the optical fiber (7) through the pellet capturing probe (8) and are subjected to signal conversion through the photoelectric conversion unit.
2. The laser speed measurement device for the speed of a projectile exit according to claim 1, wherein: the laser tube is characterized in that a light passing hole for laser rays to pass through is formed in the elastic tube (1), a collecting lens and a filter (10) are arranged in the light passing hole, and the collecting lens and the filter (10) are sequentially arranged along a laser emitting ray path.
3. The laser speed measurement device for the speed of a projectile exit according to claim 1, wherein: the timing unit (4) comprises a first timer and a second timer, the photoelectric conversion unit comprises a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit, the signal input end of the first timer is connected with the signal output end of the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the signal input end of the second timer is connected with the signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit; the first photoelectric conversion unit is arranged adjacent to the laser receiving and transmitting module (3) and is positioned on a path of laser ray reflection, and the second photoelectric conversion unit is arranged on a bullet tube wall body opposite to the laser receiving and transmitting module and is positioned on a direct path of laser ray.
4. A laser speed measuring device for the velocity of a projectile exit according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the projectile (2) is of a cylindrical structure, and the sum of the widths of the plurality of groups of bright and dark stripes (5) on the outer diameter of the projectile (2) is equal to the total length of the projectile (2).
5. The laser speed measurement device for the speed of a projectile exit according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter gap between the projectile (2) and the bullet tube (1) is set, and the distance between the laser receiving and transmitting module (3) and the ejection outlet of the bullet tube is equal to the width of a group of bright and dark stripes (5).
6. A method of measuring a speed of a laser speed measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: the laser transceiver (6) emits laser rays and irradiates the second photoelectric conversion unit, the pellets (2) fly in the bullet tube after being emitted, when the pellets (2) pass through the laser rays, the luminous flux changes, and the second photoelectric conversion unit triggers the second timer to start timing;
when the projectile (2) just contacts and shields laser rays, the laser rays are reflected by bright stripes, the laser receiving and transmitting module (3) receives the reflected laser rays and performs signal conversion through the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the first photoelectric conversion unit simultaneously triggers the first timer to start timing;
when the projectile flies a group of strokes of bright stripes, laser rays irradiate on dark stripe areas, reflected laser rays are interrupted at the moment, and the first timer is triggered to stop timing when the first photoelectric conversion unit cannot detect light signals;
the projectile (2) continues to fly, and after passing through a plurality of groups of bright and dark stripes, a first timer records a plurality of groups of time interval data;
after the projectile (2) finishes flying, the second photoelectric conversion unit receives the light signal again, and triggers the second timer to stop timing;
the processor obtains timing data from the timing unit and calculates the velocity of the projectile through each set of time intervals.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711248771.2A CN108008143B (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-01 | Laser speed measuring device and method for speed of bullet exit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711248771.2A CN108008143B (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-01 | Laser speed measuring device and method for speed of bullet exit |
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| CN108008143A CN108008143A (en) | 2018-05-08 |
| CN108008143B true CN108008143B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN109212251A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-15 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of laser bullet speed measuring instrument and its speed-measuring method |
| CN109343073A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of Laser Detecting Set and detection method for high-speed maglev train tachometric survey |
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| CN112461042B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-10-18 | 福建卓航特种设备有限公司 | Synchronous percussion performance correction device and correction method |
| CN113740558B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-03-19 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Filter stick transmitting and receiving speed on-line velometer |
| CN113567702A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-10-29 | 化学与精细化工广东省实验室潮州分中心 | Magneto-optical speed measuring system for measuring bullet speed and magneto-optical speed measuring method thereof |
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