CN108007575A - Miniaturized full-Stokes vector polarization imaging device based on binary digital coding birefringent crystal - Google Patents
Miniaturized full-Stokes vector polarization imaging device based on binary digital coding birefringent crystal Download PDFInfo
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized full-stokes vector polarization imaging device based on a binary digital coding birefringent crystal, which comprises: the device comprises a spectral filter (1), an imaging lens (2), a binary digital coding birefringent crystal sheet (3), a micro-polarizer array (4) and a light intensity detector (5). The invention utilizes the double refraction effect of the double refraction crystal, adopts a micro-sodium optical processing method to carry out binary digital coding on the double refraction crystal slice, and is integrated with the micro-polaroid array and the light intensity detector to form the full Stokes vector polarization imaging device with compact structure and comprehensive functions. The method can obtain the full Stokes vector only by one exposure, and has good real-time property; the structure is compact, and the system is stable; the micro-optical structure has large scale, low precision requirement and low cost, and can be produced in batch; the requirement on environment is low, and the performance is stable; the invention can be widely applied to important fields of astronomical polarization imaging, biological tissue detection and medical diagnosis, remote sensing imaging, target detection and the like.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be based on binary number the present invention relates to compact-sized full Stokes vector polarization imaging field
Word encodes the full Stokes vector polarization imaging device of miniaturization of birefringece crystal.
Background technology
Polarization is the build-in attribute of light, it reflects the shear wave characteristic of light.Relative to conventional strength imaging technique, polarize
As technology can obtain target object space distribution information and physics and chemistry information at the same time, target information amount is substantially increased, has and passes
Ability and feature not available for intensity imaging of uniting.Therefore, polarization imaging technology has shown huge development potentiality, also becomes
One of the research paid close attention to both at home and abroad and application hot spot, are widely used in astronomical observation, biological tissue's detection and medical diagnosis, air
The key areas such as environment and marine monitoring, remotely sensed image, aerospace craft engine structure defects detection, military target detection.
Based on the polarization imaging device occurred earliest is measured with timesharing.These polarization imaging devices usually use rotating wave plate
(J.E.Ahmad and Y.Takakura.Error analysis for rotating active Stokes-Mueller
imaging polarimeters[J].Optics Letters,2006,31:2858.), luminosity adjust (S.Alali,
T.Yang,and I.A.Vitkin.Rapid time-gated polarimetric Stokes imaging using
photoelastic modulators[J].Optics Letters,2013,38:Or LCD space light modulator 2997.)
(J.Guo,D.Ren,et al.Design and calibration of a high-sensitivity and high-
accuracy polarimeter based on liquid crystal variable retarders[J].Research
in Astronomy and Astrophysics,2017,17:Etc. 87.) modulation device is used as, obtains different polarization modulation condition
Under polarization imaging as a result, eventually through data fusion method, obtain full Stokes vector polarization imaging result.However,
This timesharing imaging results need at least four intensity images exposed at different moments, and in exposure process, object must be protected
Hold motionless, application field is limited.In addition, the dynamic modulation of optical component also brings systematic error, the property of polarization imaging is restricted
Energy.
In order to improve the real-time of polarization imaging, realize and polarization imaging is carried out to dynamic object, R.M.A.Azzam is in 1985
It is proposed first by the way of amplitude is divided in year, the polarization state of target is measured using four photodetectors
(R.M.A.Azzam.Arrangement of four photodetectors for measuring the state of
polarization of light[J].OpticsLetters,1985,10:309).However, this structure is needed incident light
It is divided into more subsystems, and several polarization imaging data is recorded using multiple imaging detectors, there are system complex, volume are huge
Greatly, the problems such as weight is heavy, optical system uniformity is poor, detector performance and parameter are inconsistent, have developed the development of this device
And application.Then, J.D.Perreault is also suitably modified said structure, is realized using three Wollaston prisms
Real-time detection (the J.D.Perreault.Triple Wollaston-prism complete-Stokes of full Stokes vector
imaging polarimeter[J].Optics Letters,2013,38:3874) a point amplitude is still fallen within, but substantially to polarize
Imaging device, system is still complicated, and volume is also very huge, and application is still limited.
Compared to conventional polarization imaging technique, using micro- polarization chip arrays divide focal plane polarization imaging technology (V.Gruev,
R.Perkins,and T.York.CCD polarization imaging sensor with aluminum nanowire
optical filters[J].Optics Express,2010,18:19087), due to compact-sized, its stability is more preferable, visits
It is high to survey real-time, is used widely.However, this four Polarization Modulation passages of polarization imaging device are linear polarization modulation,
Angle is respectively 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °, therefore, is simply possible to use in detection target linear polarization component, can not detect circularly polarized light point
Amount.
In practical applications, circularly polarized light component is generally existing, and detecting full Stokes vector could reflect comprehensively
The physicochemical property of target.Under some application scenarios, such as Astronomical application (K.Wiersema, S.Covino, et al.Circular
polarizationin the optical afterglow of GRB 121024A[J].Nature,2014,509:201)、
Solar magnetic field activity detection (J.Schou, J.M.Borrero, et al.Polarization Calibration of the
Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager(HMI)onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory
(SDO)[J].Solar Physics,2012,275:327.), biomedical pathological tissues polarization imaging detection
(S.Berthier,M.Thomé,et al.Circular polarization in nature:factual,theoretical
and experimental summary[J].Materials Today,2009,3:641.), submarine target is imaged
(R.E.Nothdurft,G.Yao.Effects of turbid media optical properties on object
visibility in subsurface polarization imaging[J].Applied Optics,2006,45:
5532.), active polarization imaging (J.S.Tyo, D.L.Goldstein, et al.Review of passive imaging
polarimetry for remote sensing applications[J].Applied Optics,2006,45:5453.)
There is extensive and important application Deng numerous areas.Therefore, full Stokes vector imaging detection is carried out to target, is to polarize
As indispensable application demand in field.
In view of the importance of full Stokes vector polarization imaging, the present invention is a kind of brilliant based on binary digit coding birefringence
The full Stokes vector polarization imaging device of miniaturization of body, binary number is carried out using micro-optics method to birefringece crystal thin slice
Word encodes, and realizes and the polarization phase retardation of different pixels is adjusted, while is combined with micro- polarization chip arrays, is installed on
On light intensity detector photosurface.Every 2 × 2 pixels, can regard a minitype polarization imaging unit as, its Periodic placements can be with
Realize and polarimetry is carried out to target difference visual-field beam, the final full filed polarization imaging realized to target.Relative to tradition
Polarization imaging device, the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization proposed by the present invention based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is only necessary to which single exposure can obtain the full Stokes vector polarization imaging of target as a result, compact-sized, real-time
By force；And modulated in measurement process without any moving component without any automatically controlled signal, device stability and precision can be protected
Card；Have benefited from the environmental stability of birefringece crystal performance, apparatus of the present invention environmental suitability is strong, and environmental requirement is low, is adapted to more
Used under kind complex environment；The requirement of birefringece crystal thin slice binary digit encoding precision is low, and scale is big, simple in structure, therefore adds
Work cost is low and can mass production.It is in short, proposed by the present invention a kind of based on the small-sized of binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Change full Stokes vector polarization imaging device, it is innovative obvious, it is highly practical, it can be widely applied to target acquisition, biology doctor
The multiple fields such as, astronomical observation, material identification.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：For conventional polarization image device structure complexity height, polarization imaging
Parameter not comprehensively, phase modulator complex process, it is of high cost the shortcomings of, propose to birefringece crystal thin slice carry out binary digit
The method of coding, and as polarization phase-shifting device, new polarization imaging device, realization pair are collectively constituted with polarization chip arrays
The full Stokes vector real-time polarization imaging of target.This method is only for birefringece crystal thin slice processed pixel level size, several
The one-dimensional groove of ten micrometer level depths, width size are 10-20 μm, and length is suitable with light intensity detector photosurface size.Due to
The scale of birefringece crystal thin slice binary digit coding is larger, and required precision is low, therefore difficulty of processing is relatively low, and is easy to mass
Production, strong innovation, practicality are notable.
The present invention solves the technical solution that above-mentioned technical problem uses：One kind is based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
The full Stokes vector polarization imaging device of miniaturization, by spectral filter, imaging lens, the birefringence of binary digit coding
Crystal microchip, micro- polarization chip arrays, light intensity detector composition, wherein：
Before spectral filter is located at imaging lens, for carrying out spectral filtering to incident beam, by the spectrum model of incident light
Enclose restriction within the specific limits.Light beam after spectral filtering enters in imaging lens, and ultimately forms imaging beam, successively
Birefringece crystal thin slice and micro- polarization chip arrays by binary digit coding, eventually arrive on light intensity detector photosurface.It is micro-
Polarization chip arrays are made of the analyzer in different polarization direction, and every 2 × 2 pixels form a cycle, and the ruler of single pixel
Very little, position is corresponding with the pixel of light intensity detector.The code width of the birefringece crystal thin slice of binary digit coding and micro- polarization
The pixel width of piece battle array and light intensity detector hair is equal, position correspondence.
If the pixel dimension of light intensity detector is h0×l0(wherein h0For width, l0For length), pixel number of arrays is 2m0×
2n0, then pixel dimension (the h of micro- polarization arrays sum is corresponded to1×l1) (wherein h1For width, l1For length) and number of arrays (2m1×
2n1) should be：
h1=h0,l1=l0,2m1=2m0,2n1=2n0 (1)
Coding size (the h of the birefringece crystal thin slice of binary digit coding2×l2) (wherein h2For width, l2For length)
With number of arrays (2m2×2n2) should be：
h2=h0,l2=2n0l0,2m1=2m0,2n1=1 (2)
Or
h2=2m0h0,l2=l0,2m1=1,2n1=2n0 (3)
Pass through birefringece crystal thin slice, the micro- polarization chip arrays of binary coding successively by the light beam of imaging lens, and most
Enter eventually in light intensity detector.Due to the birefringece crystal thin slice of binary digit coding, micro- polarization chip arrays and light intensity detector
Pixel be periodic arrangement, therefore, corresponding 2 × 2 pixel sequences in signal period can be considered as 4 it is different inclined
Vibration analysis device, and a micro- polarimeter is combined into, full Stokes vector polarization imaging is carried out to the object point of particular spatial location.
The polarization analysis device combination of different cycles is identical, but due to distribution and different locus, it can be to the thing of diverse location
Point carries out polarization imaging, it is thereby achieved that carrying out full Stokes vector polarization imaging to the thing in imaging viewing field.
If the cycle of the full Stokes vector polarization imaging device is M × N, every 2 × 2 pixels form a grand picture
Member, its grand pixel dimension are H × L (wherein H is width, and L is length), then it meets following relation：
H=2h0, L=2l0, M=m0, N=n0 (4)
In single grand pixel, the birefringece crystal sheet thickness of the corresponding binary digit coding of the sub- pixel of difference is different,
The analyzing angle of micro- polarization chip arrays is different.If the fast axis direction of the birefringece crystal thin slice of binary digit coding is pressed from both sides with horizontal direction
Angle is α, is respectively n to the incident light birefringence that wavelength is λoAnd ne, the thickness of binary coding is respectively d1And d2, micro- polarization
The sub- pixel analyzing angle of chip arrays four is respectively θ1, θ2, θ3And θ4, then the birefringence of imaging beam into binary digit coding is brilliant
In phase-delay quantity δ caused by different subpixel in the grand pixel of body thin slice1And δ2Respectively：
Therefore, the Mueller matrixes of different coding thickness corresponding sub-pixel birefringece crystal thin slice can be written as：
Corresponding to micro- polarization chip arrays at different analyzing angles in single grand pixel, its Mueller matrix can be written as：
If imaging beam with Si Tenuoke vector representations is S=[s in the polarization state S of single grand pixel position0,s1,s2,
s3], then after 2 × 2 sub- pixels in single grand pixel, the polarization state S ' of its outgoing beam can be expressed as：
S1'=[s'01 s'11 s'21 s'31]T=MP(θ1)·MR(α,δ1)·S (12)
S'2=[s'02 s'12 s'22 s'32]T=MP(θ2)·MR(α,δ2)·S (13)
S3'=[s'03 s'13 s'23 s'33]T=MP(θ3)·MR(α,δ1)·S (14)
S'4=[s'04 s'14 s'24 s'34]T=MP(θ4)·MR(α,δ2)·S (15)
Since light intensity detector can detect beam intensity information, can be corresponded to behind simultaneous formula (12)~(15)
2 × 2 sub- pixel detecting intensity [I in single grand pixel1,I2,I3,I4]TIt can be expressed as：
Wherein：
Thus, it is possible to solve the full Stokes vector of incident beam, it is shown below：
The full Stokes vector polarization imaging result of corresponding locus can be solved from formula (21).
Due to the periodic arrangement of grand pixel, and the birefringece crystal sheet thickness in each grand pixel and micro- polarizer
Array analyzing angle is consistent, and therefore, will not be changed to the coefficient matrices A of different spatial polarization imaging, light intensity
Detector detected intensity is only related with the polarization state of the corresponding incident light of 2 × 2 pixels, you can by a matrix operation, to obtain
The polarization imaging result of the thing of spatial distribution.
Wherein, by the way of binary digit coding is carried out to birefringece crystal thin slice, adjusted by different coding thickness
Polarization imaging phase-delay quantity, and full Stokes vector polarization is carried out to different visual field objects using dividing focal plane method to realize
Imaging detection.Advantage is compact-sized, full-featured, performance stabilization.
Wherein, the effect of spectral filter is limited in the spectrum of incident light in certain bandwidth range, it can make
With grating spectrograph, interference light filter, atomic light filter and birefringent filter etc..
Wherein, imaging lens can use transmission-type imaging lens, can also use reflective imaging lens.
Wherein, light intensity detector can detect the intensity of incident beam, and periodic cells of certain scale are distributed,
It can use CCD camera, CMOS cameras, EMCCD cameras etc..
Wherein, birefringece crystal thin slice can produce birefringence effect to incident light beam, it can be quartz-crystal
Body, calcite crystal etc..
Wherein, binary digit coding birefringece crystal thin slice can utilize micro- sodium optical means such as nano impression, etching to add
The different thickness of work, makes the phase-delay quantity of incident light change.It can by the way of horizontal binary digit coding,
Can be by the way of longitudinal binary digit coding.
Wherein, binary digit coding birefringece crystal thin slice, micro- polarizer array element size can not only correspond
In single light intensity detector unit, any number of light intensity detector units are may correspond to.
The principle of the present invention is：The present invention is proposed using the brand-new birefringece crystal thin slice based on binary digit coding
Cyclic array with micro- polarizer array composition is corresponded as Polarization Modulation device, and with light intensity detector pixel, from
And micro- polarimeter array is formed, realize and full Stokes vector polarization imaging is carried out to different visual field targets.This method only needs
To birefringece crystal thin slice processed pixel level width (10-20 μm), the sizable length (1- of light intensity detector photosurface
2cm), the binary digit coding structure of 10-50 μm of depth, and combined with micro- polarizer array, it is inclined to carry out space to incident beam
Shake modulation, eventually through the polarization information of the change inverting incident light of light intensity detector detected intensity, realize complete to different target
The polarization imaging of Stokes vector.The full Stokes vector polarization imaging of the invention for only needing single exposure to obtain target
As a result, it is compact-sized, it is real-time；And modulated in measurement process without any moving component without any automatically controlled signal, device is steady
Qualitative and precision can be guaranteed；Have benefited from the environmental stability of birefringece crystal performance, apparatus of the present invention environmental suitability
By force, environmental requirement is low, is adapted to use under various complicated；Birefringece crystal thin slice binary digit encoding precision requires low, ruler
Degree is big, simple in structure, therefore processing cost is low and can mass production.In short, one kind proposed by the present invention is based on binary digit
The full Stokes vector polarization imaging device of miniaturization of birefringece crystal is encoded, it is innovative obvious, it is highly practical, available for mesh
Mark the multiple fields such as detection, biomedicine, astronomical observation, material identification.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
(1) for relative to traditional time sharing mode polarization imaging device, it is complete to target that the present invention only needs single exposure to realize
Stokes vector polarization imaging, it is real-time, it is compact-sized simple, when avoiding traditional timesharing measurement due to target movement,
The flicker of target light intensity, the detecting error that system structure is unstable, moving component turntable is inconsistent etc. brings, effectively improve detection essence
Degree and sensitivity.
(2) divides amplitude type polarization imaging device relative to traditional, the present invention is compact-sized, simple system, it is light-weight,
Optical system uniformity is fabulous, avoid detector performance and the inconsistence problems of parameter, systematic error reduce, and stability is good,
Portability improves, and innovation and practicality is obvious.
(3) divides focal plane type polarization imaging device relative to traditional, and the birefringence present invention introduces binary digit coding is brilliant
Body thin slice can obtain the full Stokes vector letter of target as polarization phase modulation device by only once exposing
Breath, obtains target information more comprehensively, parameter is more complete, and practicality significantly improves.
(4) a kind of full Stokes arrows of the miniaturization of the birefringece crystal based on binary digit coding proposed by the present invention
Polarization imaging device is measured, it is of less demanding to the dispersion of transmissive element without relay optical system and extra beam splitter, carry
High effectively detecting light spectrum scope.Meanwhile system aberration and spectra overlap are substantially reduced, improve polarization Stokes vector detection
Accuracy and sensitivity.
(5) a kind of full Stokes arrows of the miniaturization of the birefringece crystal based on binary digit coding proposed by the present invention
Polarization imaging device is measured, conventional geometric optical component is realized using the method that binary digit coding is carried out to birefringece crystal
Function, its is compact-sized, and without any moving component in measurement process, is modulated without any automatically controlled signal, device stability and
Precision can be guaranteed.
(6) a kind of full Stokes arrows of the miniaturization of the birefringece crystal based on binary digit coding proposed by the present invention
Polarization imaging device is measured, the birefringece crystal environmental stability of use is strong, and environmental requirement is low, is adapted to make under various complicated
With；The requirement of birefringece crystal thin slice binary digit encoding precision is low, and scale is big, simple in structure, therefore processing cost is low and can criticize
Quantify production.
A kind of in short, full Stokes vector of miniaturization based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal proposed by the present invention
Polarization imaging device, it is innovative obvious, it is highly practical, available for target acquisition, biomedicine, astronomical observation, material identification etc.
Multiple fields.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of full Stokes vector polarization imaging dress of the miniaturization of the birefringece crystal based on binary digit coding
Put.Wherein, 1 is spectral filter, and 2 be imaging lens, and the 3 birefringece crystal thin slices encoded for binary digit, 4 be micro- polarizer
Array, 5 be light intensity detector.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention proposes the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization of the birefringece crystal based on binary digit coding
A kind of possible specific implementation of imaging device, wherein：The birefringece crystal thin slice of EBC-binary digit coding, MPA-micro-
Polarize chip arrays, Camera-light intensity detector, Fast axis：The fast axis direction of birefringece crystal thin slice is pressed from both sides with horizontal direction
Angle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and instantiation further illustrates the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of full Stokes vector of miniaturization based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal polarizes
As device, by spectral filter 1, imaging lens 2, the birefringece crystal thin slice 3 of binary digit coding, micro- polarization chip arrays 4, light
Strong detector 5 forms.Before spectral filter 1 is located at imaging lens 2, for carrying out spectral filtering to incident beam, by incident light
Spectral region limit within the specific limits, obtain significant target polarization characteristic.Incident beam after spectral filtering into
Enter in imaging lens 2, and ultimately form imaging beam, successively by binary digit coding birefringece crystal thin slice 3 and it is micro- partially
Shake chip arrays 4, on the photosurface for eventually arriving at light intensity detector 5.It is micro- to polarize analyzer group of the chip arrays 4 by different polarization direction
A cycle is formed into, every 2 × 2 pixels, and the size of single pixel, position are corresponding with the pixel of light intensity detector 5.Binary
The pixel width phase that the code width of digitally coded birefringece crystal thin slice 3 is sent out with micro- polarizer battle array 4 and light intensity detector 5
Deng position correspondence.Birefringece crystal thin slice binary digit encodes scale and micro- polarization arrays 4 and the pixel ruler of light intensity detector 5
Spending correspondence, such as formula (1)~(3) are shown respectively.
By the light beam of imaging lens 2 successively by the birefringece crystal thin slice 3 of binary coding, micro- polarization chip arrays 4, and
Eventually enter into light intensity detector 5.Since the birefringece crystal thin slice 3 of binary digit coding, micro- polarization chip arrays 4 and light intensity are visited
The pixel for surveying device 5 is periodic arrangement, therefore, corresponding 2 × 2 pixel sequences in signal period can be considered as 4 not
Same polarization analysis device, and a micro- polarimeter is combined into, the full Stokes vector of object point progress to particular spatial location is inclined
Shake imaging.The polarization analysis device combination of different cycles is identical, but due to distribution and different locus, it can be to different positions
The object point put carries out polarization imaging, it is thereby achieved that carrying out full Stokes vector polarization imaging to the thing in imaging viewing field.
If complete every 2 × 2 pixels of Stokes vector polarization imaging device form a grand pixel, different in single grand pixel
3 thickness of birefringece crystal thin slice of the corresponding binary digit coding of sub- pixel is different, and the analyzing angle of micro- polarization chip arrays 4 is different.
If the fast axis direction and horizontal direction angle of the birefringece crystal thin slice 3 of binary digit coding are α, to the incident light that wavelength is λ
Birefringence is respectively noAnd ne, the thickness of binary coding is respectively d1And d2, the sub- pixel analyzing angle of micro- polarization chip arrays 4 four
Respectively θ1, θ2, θ3And θ4, then the 3 grand pixel of birefringece crystal thin slice of imaging beam into binary digit coding is interior in different sons
Phase-delay quantity δ caused by pixel1And δ2As shown in formula (5).
Thickness corresponding sub-pixel birefringece crystal thin slice and micro- polarizer at different analyzing angles are encoded according to different digital
Array Mueller matrixes (respectively as formula (6)~(11) shown in), and Polarization Modulation Transfer Formula (12)~(15), can be with
Solve the quantitative relationship between the full Stokes vector parameter of single grand pixel detected intensity and incident light, such as formula (16) and
(17) shown in~(20).Finally, according to actual light intensity measured value, and substitute into formula (21), you can solve corresponding locus
Full Stokes vector polarization imaging result.
Due to the periodic arrangement of grand pixel, and the birefringece crystal sheet thickness in each grand pixel and micro- polarizer
Array analyzing angle is consistent, therefore, will not change to the coefficient matrices A of different spatial polarization imaging, only grand pixel
The light intensity that interior 2 × 2 pixel detecting of light intensity detector arrives is related with the polarization state of incident light, you can with by a matrix operation,
Obtain the polarization imaging result of the thing of spatial distribution.
In practical applications, system structure parameter be not completely random selection, it is necessary to meet certain restrictive condition,
I.e.：Coefficient matrices A is full rank in formula (16), this spline equation can obtain unique solution.
In addition, in practical applications, it is also necessary to consider since the selection of birefringent crystal material and parameter puies forward the present invention
Go out the influence of new polarization imaging device performance.Normal coefficient of utilization Matrix condition number in practical applications, to weigh the mistake of system
Poor transfer performance, by minimization condition number of coefficient matrix, seeks optimal device parameter, obtains the error propagation system of minimum
Number.
Fig. 2 gives full Stokes vector polarization imaging device proposed by the present invention a kind of possible implementation.Its
In, spectral filter center is 632.8nm through spectral wavelength, and birefringent crystal material is quartz, to the two-fold of o light and e light
The rate of penetrating is respectively 1.54264324 and 1.5517112, and binary coding depth is 9.0 μm and 26.5 μm, fast axis direction and level side
Be 22.21 ° to angle, micro- polarization chip arrays use commercialized micro- polarization chip arrays, analyzing angle respectively (0 °, 45 °, 90 °,
135°).Using above-mentioned parameter, while assurance coefficient matrix full rank, conditional number also obtains minimum value as 2.0.
It is pointed out that Fig. 2 only gives a kind of implementation, based on implementation method proposed by the present invention, there are nothing
Poor a variety of possible implementations, as long as meeting the essential characteristic of the present invention, are covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
The people of the technology is familiar with disclosed technical scope, it will be appreciated that the replacement or increase and decrease arrived, should all cover in this hair
Within bright scope, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of full Stokes vector polarization imaging device of miniaturization based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal, its feature
It is：By spectral filter (1), imaging lens (2), the birefringece crystal thin slice (3) of binary digit coding, micro- polarization chip arrays
(4), light intensity detector (5) forms, wherein：
Before spectral filter (1) is located at imaging lens (2), for carrying out spectral filtering to incident beam, by the spectrum of incident light
Scope limits within the specific limits, and the light beam after spectral filtering enters in imaging lens (2), and ultimately forms imaging
Beam, the birefringece crystal thin slice (3) by binary digit coding and micro- polarization chip arrays (4), eventually arrive at light intensity detection successively
On device (5) photosurface, micro- polarization chip arrays (4) are made of the analyzer in different polarization direction, and every 2 × 2 pixels form one
Cycle, and the size of single pixel, position are corresponding with the pixel of light intensity detector (5), the birefringece crystal of binary digit coding
The code width of thin slice (3) is equal with the pixel width of micro- polarizer battle array (4) and light intensity detector (5), position correspondence；
Wherein, the birefringece crystal thin slice coding direction of binary digit coding can be laterally or longitudinally；
Pass through the birefringece crystal thin slice (3) of binary coding, micro- polarization chip arrays (4) successively by the light beam of imaging lens (2),
And eventually enter into light intensity detector (5), due to the birefringece crystal thin slice (3) of binary digit coding, micro- polarization chip arrays (4)
Pixel with light intensity detector (5) is periodic arrangement, therefore, can be by corresponding 2 × 2 pixel sequences in signal period
It is considered as 4 different polarization analysis devices, and is combined into a micro- polarimeter, full stoke is carried out to the object point of particular spatial location
This vector polarization imaging, the polarization analysis device combination of different cycles is identical, but due to distribution and different locus, it can
Polarization imaging is carried out to the object point of diverse location, it is thereby achieved that carrying out full Stokes vector to the thing in imaging viewing field
Polarization imaging；
If the cycle of the full Stokes vector polarization imaging device is M × N, every 2 × 2 pixels form a grand pixel,
In single grand pixel, birefringece crystal thin slice (3) thickness of the corresponding binary digit coding of the sub- pixel of difference is different, micro- polarizer
The analyzing angle of array (4) is also different, so as to quantitatively change the polarization state of incident polarized light, realizes empty to incident imaging light Shu Jinhang
Between Polarization Modulation, the light intensity value meter finally arrived according to adjacent four pixel detectings in the corresponding single grand pixel of light intensity detector (5)
The polarization state of target is calculated, realizes the polarization imaging of full Stokes vector；
Due to the periodic arrangement of grand pixel, and the birefringece crystal sheet thickness in each grand pixel and micro- polarization chip arrays
Analyzing angle is consistent, and therefore, will not be changed to the coefficient matrix of different spatial polarization imaging, light intensity detector
Detected intensity is only related with the polarization state of incident light in grand pixel, you can by a matrix operation, to obtain spatial distribution
The polarization imaging result of thing.
2. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：It is thick by different coding by the way of binary digit coding is carried out to birefringece crystal thin slice
Degree adjusts polarization imaging phase-delay quantity, and carries out full Stokes arrow to different visual field objects using dividing focal plane method to realize
Polarization imaging detection is measured, advantage is compact-sized, full-featured, performance stabilization.
3. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：Spectral filter (1) effect is limited in the spectrum of incident light in certain bandwidth range,
It can use grating spectrograph, interference light filter, atomic light filter and birefringent filter, as long as meeting that polarimetry should
With middle system requirements.
4. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：Imaging lens (2) can use transmission-type imaging lens, can also use reflective imaging lens
Head, as long as meeting the function being imaged to object, is not limited to specific imaging lens design form and specific sample
Formula.
5. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：Light intensity detector (5) can detect the intensity of incident beam, and cycle of certain scale
Property cell distribution, its can use CCD camera, CMOS cameras, EMCCD cameras, as long as meeting light intensity detection and acquisition function i.e.
Can.
6. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：The birefringece crystal thin slice of binary digit coding can produce the light beam in different polarization direction
Birefringence effect, it can be quartz crystal, calcite crystal, meet the birefringent characteristic of birefringent crystal material.
7. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 2 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：Binary digit coding birefringece crystal thin slice utilizes micro- sodium optical means such as nano impression, etching
Process different thickness, the phase-delay quantity of incident light is changed, its can by the way of horizontal binary digit coding,
, as long as meeting the feature of binary digit coding, it can also be adjusted by the way of longitudinal binary digit coding by varying thickness
Phase-delay quantity.
8. the full Stokes vector polarization of the miniaturization according to claim 1 based on binary digit coding birefringece crystal
Imaging device, it is characterised in that：Binary digit coding birefringece crystal thin slice, micro- polarizer array element size not only can be with one
One corresponds to single light intensity detector unit, may correspond to any number of light intensity detector units.
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| CN110057754A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-26 | 南京信息工程大学 | It is a kind of to divide aperture optical camera lens for underwater polarization imaging |
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| CN110543028A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-06 | 中国兵器工业集团第二一四研究所苏州研发中心 | Real-time polarization imaging array structure meeting low-light-level imaging |
| CN111953968B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-07-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for detecting image surface length and width and pixel length-width ratio through spatial modulation polarization imaging |
| CN111953968A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-17 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for detecting image surface length and width and pixel length-width ratio through spatial modulation polarization imaging |
| CN112161707A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | Micro-polarization array design model and configuration mode obtaining method thereof |
| CN113588216A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Rapid high-precision calibrating device and method for optical zero position of polaroid |
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