CN108006960B - Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace - Google Patents

Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108006960B
CN108006960B CN201711359988.0A CN201711359988A CN108006960B CN 108006960 B CN108006960 B CN 108006960B CN 201711359988 A CN201711359988 A CN 201711359988A CN 108006960 B CN108006960 B CN 108006960B
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hearth
fuel
air inlet
turning plate
motor
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CN108006960A (en
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武国富
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Tongliao Mengtong Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Tongliao Mengtong Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/46Water heaters having plural combustion chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0005Details for water heaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1845Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace, which comprises a hearth (1) and a peripheral water jacket (2), and is characterized in that: the upper part of the hearth (1) is provided with a horizontally arranged rotating shaft (4), a turning plate (5) is arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft (4), the outer side edge of the turning plate (5) is matched with the inner wall of the hearth (1) when horizontally arranged, and the upper part of at least one side edge is opposite to an air inlet hole (7) to form a combustion chamber (6); the lower part of the hearth (1) is a closed slow burning chamber (3). The beneficial effects are that: the biomass pellet fuel is suitable for burning biomass pellet fuel, the fuel firstly enters the combustion chamber to burn on the horizontally arranged turning plate, the turning plate turns when the index is reached, the fuel falls into the slow combustion chamber, and the fuel is slowly burned in an anoxic state. The rapid fire and the slow fire can be provided respectively or simultaneously according to the needs, so as to meet the requirements of various heat supplies. The secondary combustion of the pyrolysis gas, automatic control and other settings are adopted, so that the thermal efficiency of the fuel can be greatly improved, the energy is saved, the pollution is reduced, and the biomass pellet fuel is expected to be a suitable stove.

Description

Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy-saving boiler, in particular to a biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace.
Background
The biomass granular fuel formed by crushing and pressing crop straws and weed crushed wood is favored by the market because of high heat value, less emission, wide raw materials and low cost. However, the use of biomass fuels has been somewhat limited due to the lack of dedicated stoves. At present, most of the stoves with various biomass granular fuels on the market adopt the structure of a coal stove, and mainly comprise a hearth and a surrounding water jacket, wherein the fuel combusts in the hearth, and heat is sent to a heater or other heat utilization equipment through the surrounding water jacket. However, the combustion characteristics of biomass pellet fuel are greatly different from those of coal, and it is not suitable for using coal-fueled stoves. In practical applications, we sometimes need to use a sharp fire, sometimes a slow fire. Such as cooking, boiling water, etc., preferably provides a large amount of heat in a short time, thus requiring a sharp fire. And the operation such as indoor heat supply needs to be able to last slow heat supply for a long time, if the combustion heat supply that lasts with the sharp fire, will cause indoor temperature too high, also can waste fuel, increases heat supply cost by a wide margin. In addition, for slow fires, it is also desirable to base the fire on a rapid fire, preferably with the fuel entering anoxic combustion after the rapid fire has been combusted for a period of time to provide better slow combustion. Otherwise, the oxygen supply of slow fire is difficult to control, the combustion-supporting air is too large to be over-burned, and the combustion-supporting air is too small to be extinguished. In order to solve the problem, the existing stoves mostly adopt a fire-pressing method, and inferior coal dust or soil, ash and the like are covered on the charcoal fire, so that the charcoal fire continues to burn slowly under the anoxic condition. The method has the advantages of complicated operation, insanitation, short duration, difficult conversion when needing sharp fire, and capability of forming a large amount of harmful gas by cracking fuel under the low-temperature condition, thereby polluting the environment. It can be seen that both a sharp fire and a slow fire are required for the stove. The existing stove has only one hearth, and is difficult to meet two different requirements for emergency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biomass pellet fuel bimodal combustion furnace which is suitable for using biomass pellet fuel, can provide two combustion conditions of rapid fire and slow fire simultaneously, can meet the two requirements of the rapid fire and the slow fire, is convenient to operate, saves fuel and has no pollution emission.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: the development of a biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace comprises a hearth and a peripheral water jacket, and is characterized in that: the upper part of the hearth is provided with a horizontally arranged rotating shaft, the periphery of the rotating shaft is provided with a turning plate, the outer side edge of the turning plate is matched with the inner wall of the hearth when the turning plate is horizontally arranged, and the upper part of at least one side edge is opposite to the air inlet hole to form a combustion chamber; the lower part of the hearth is a closed slow combustion chamber, the upper part of the slow combustion chamber is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is externally connected with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is connected with an air inlet hole of the combustion chamber through a water tank.
The upper part of the furnace is provided with a fuel hopper, the lower part of the fuel hopper is provided with a feeding auger, the feeding auger is driven by a motor, and the outlet of the feeding auger is opposite to the feed inlet of the furnace.
The hearth is a vertical cylindrical cavity, the matched turning plate is four semicircular plate surfaces, and the four semicircular plate surfaces are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft in a crisscross mode.
A layer of ventilation net is arranged on the plate surface of the turning plate, and a gap is reserved between the ventilation net and the plate surface of the turning plate.
An air inlet pipe is connected with the outside of the air inlet hole of the combustion chamber, and a fan is arranged at the outer end of the air inlet pipe.
The air inlet pipe is arranged in the rotating shaft, and a plurality of air inlet holes obliquely upwards are formed in the air inlet pipe.
The discharge pipe is connected to the middle part of the air inlet pipe.
One side of the slow burning room is provided with a switchable ash removal door, and the ash removal door is provided with an oxygen control valve capable of adjusting air quantity.
The turnover plate is provided with one piece, one side of the turnover plate is hinged on the inner wall of the hearth through a rotating shaft, the turnover plate is driven by a motor to perform two actions of horizontal arrangement and lower swinging, and the turnover plate is provided with a strip-shaped blocking strip.
The combustion furnace is provided with a feeding auger motor, a fan motor, a turning plate motor and a valve control motor, and the feeding auger motor, the fan motor, the turning plate motor and the valve control motor are all provided with a remote controller or an automatic controller.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the biomass pellet fuel is suitable for burning biomass pellet fuel, the fuel firstly enters the combustion chamber to burn on the horizontally arranged turning plate, the turning plate turns when the determined index is reached, the fuel falls into the slow combustion chamber, and the fuel is slowly burned in an anoxic state. The rapid fire and the slow fire can be provided respectively or simultaneously according to the needs, so as to meet the requirements of various heat supplies. In addition, by adopting the settings of secondary combustion of pyrolysis gas, automatic control and the like, the heat efficiency of the fuel can be greatly improved, the energy is saved, the pollution is reduced, and the biomass pellet fuel is expected to be a suitable stove.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the component spindle and flap of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the component spindle and flap of the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a first use state of the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the first embodiment in a second use state;
Fig. 7 is a front view of a third use state of the first embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the component shaft and flap of the second embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a left side view of the component shaft and flap of the second embodiment;
fig. 10 is a front view of a component trap door of a third embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a component spindle and flap of a third embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a left side view of the component shaft and flap of the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a front view of a component spindle and flap of a fifth embodiment;
fig. 14 is a block diagram of a control device of the sixth embodiment.
The figure can be seen: the device comprises a hearth 1, a water jacket 2, a slow combustion chamber 3, a rotating shaft 4, a turning plate 5, a combustion chamber 6, an air inlet 7, a feed port 8, a feeding auger 9, a fuel hopper 10, a gearbox 11, a motor 12, an air inlet pipe 13, a fan 14, a loiter control valve 15, a discharge pipe 16, a water tank 17, an ash removal door 18, a ventilation net 19, a turning plate motor 20, an oxygen control valve 21 and a blocking strip 22.
Detailed Description
First embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the biomass pellet fuel bimodal combustion furnace comprises a hearth 1 and a peripheral water jacket 2, and is characterized in that: the upper part of the hearth 1 is provided with a horizontally arranged rotating shaft 4, a turning plate 5 is arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft 4, the outer side edge of the turning plate 5 is matched with the inner wall of the hearth 1 when horizontally arranged, and the upper part of at least one side edge is opposite to an air inlet 7 to form a combustion chamber 6; the lower part of the hearth 1 is a closed slow burning chamber 3, the upper part of the slow burning chamber 3 is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is externally connected with a discharge pipe 16, and the discharge pipe 16 is connected into the air inlet hole 7 of the combustion chamber 6 through a water tank 17.
In combination with fig. 1, a more optimized scheme is recommended, a fuel hopper 10 is arranged on the upper outer side of the hearth, a feeding auger 9 is arranged on the lower portion of the fuel hopper 10, the feeding auger 9 is driven by a motor 12, and an outlet of the feeding auger 9 is opposite to an upper door of the hearth 1. In this way, the biomass pellet fuel can be loaded in the fuel hopper 10 and continuously fed into the hearth 1 at a certain speed through the feeding auger 9. The rotating speed of the screw conveyor can be changed according to the requirement, and the feeding speed can be adjusted.
An optimized structure of the shaft and the flap is recommended in connection with fig. 3 and 4. The turning plates are four and are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft to form four crossed turning plates. Obviously, the shaft and the flap and the shape of the matching hearth can also take many forms, only one of which is illustrated in the figures: the turning plate is four semicircular plate surfaces, and the matched hearth is a vertical cylindrical cavity. When the two turning plates are horizontally arranged, the two turning plates are completely matched with the inner wall of the hearth 1, so that the effect of isolating air is achieved as much as possible. The other two turning plates are vertical, and particularly the upper turning plate can divide two sides into two spaces, wherein one is the combustion chamber 6.
The difference between the combustion chamber 6 and the other space here is mainly that combustion air enters. In the figure, an air inlet 7 is arranged at the position of the inner wall of the hearth 1 opposite to the combustion chamber 6, an air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the outside of the air inlet 7, and a fan 14 is arranged at the outer end of the air inlet pipe 13. The fan 14 may be driven by a separate motor or, as shown, by a motor 12 through a gearbox.
Obviously, when the turnover plate 5 is horizontally arranged, the hearth 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the upper half is a space below the combustion chamber 6, so that the closed anoxic slow combustion chamber 3 is formed. The upper part of the slow combustion chamber 3 is provided with a discharge hole, a discharge pipe 16 connected with the discharge hole passes through a water tank 17, and is zigzag reciprocated in the water tank, and finally is connected with an air inlet 7 of the combustion chamber 6, or the outlet of the discharge pipe 16 is connected with the middle part of an air inlet pipe 13 as shown in the figure, and the upper end is inclined forwards by a certain angle.
Fig. 5, 6 and 7 show three operating states of such a device: as shown in fig. 5, the biomass granular fuel is contained in the fuel hopper 10, the motor 12 is started, the auger is rotated, and the feed port 8 is moved to adjust the distribution of the fuel, so that most of the fuel is discharged to the combustion chamber 6, and a small amount of the fuel falls into the space adjacent to the combustion chamber 6. The fuel in the combustion chamber is ignited, and the fire is gradually increased under the action of the combustion-supporting air. At the same time, the space in the partition wall of the combustion chamber 6 accumulates a small amount of fuel, and the fuel is also ignited by a small amount under the connection of the combustion chamber fire. When the fuel in the combustion chamber is sufficiently high, the flap 5 is pressed over, and the fuel just ignited falls down to the buffer chamber 3 in the lower part of the furnace, as shown in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 7, the space of the original combustion chamber partition wall is rotated to the position of the combustion chamber while the combustion chamber is rotated downward, and the fuel is continuously received and burned. The thrown fuel is slowly combusted in a slow combustion chamber at the lower part of the hearth under the anoxic condition, the cracked flue gas and combustible gas enter a water tank 17 through a discharge pipe, heat is transferred to water in the water tank, finally the water enters an air inlet pipe 13, and then the water enters a combustion chamber 6 through an air inlet hole 7 for secondary combustion.
When the fuel in the slow combustion chamber is enough and only needs to be suddenly burned, the discharge control valve on the discharge pipe can be closed, so that the slow combustion chamber loses tension, the oxygen supply is less, the combustion is almost completely stopped, and only the combustion chamber enters a better combustion state.
When the combustion chamber does not need to be suddenly heated and the slow combustion chamber needs to continuously work, the auger can be reduced or closed, the fuel feeding is stopped, the fan is closed, and the fuel in the slow combustion chamber can be slowly combusted under the condition of low oxygen. When the heat supply quantity of the slow combustion chamber is increased, the turning plate can be controlled to be in an inclined position, a small amount of combustion-supporting air naturally entering from the inlet of the fan can downwards run, the combustion of the slow combustion chamber is enhanced, and the slow combustion chamber is enabled to continuously supply heat.
The stove adopting the structure obviously enhances the utilization effect of biomass fuel, not only can cook dishes and water, but also can supply heat to rooms under the condition of unattended operation or little manpower assistance. And the combustion mode of one of the rapid fire and the slow fire can be selected, so that the device is very suitable for residences and small units.
Second embodiment: the improvement is made on the basis of the first embodiment. Mainly improving the way in which the combustion chamber 6 is supplied with air. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a layer of ventilation net 19 is installed on the surface of the turning plate 5, and a certain gap is formed between the ventilation net 19 and the surface of the turning plate 5, and in general, the gap is preferably 5-10 mm. Preferably, the position of the air inlet pipe 13 is improved, the air inlet pipe 13 is arranged in the rotating shaft 4, and a plurality of air inlet holes 7 obliquely upwards are formed in the air inlet pipe 13. It can be seen that the shaft 4 should be two-stage, with the middle being broken to expose the air inlet duct 13 and the air inlet opening 7. The root of the turning plate is connected to the two sections of rotating shafts, and a piece of asbestos sealing strip can be clamped at the position opposite to the air inlet pipe 13, and the asbestos sealing strip is always matched with the outer wall of the air inlet pipe during rotation, so that oxygen is prevented from entering the slow combustion chamber downwards. Of course, the fan can also be driven by a separate motor.
The air inlet has the advantages of more compact structure, better combustion-supporting effect from bottom to top by wind force, less air quantity leaking to the lower part of the hearth, contribution to thoroughly separating the combustion conditions above and below the hearth and better playing the efficacy of the stove.
In addition, a flap motor 20 is added to one end of the flap rotating shaft, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 4 can be controlled. It is possible to set how much the rotation shaft 4 rotates at what time or under what conditions. This is more stable and reliable than the previous embodiment which relies on weight alone to determine rollover.
Third embodiment: the improvement is based on the foregoing embodiments. An ash removal door 18 which can be opened and closed is arranged on one side of the slow burning room 3, and an oxygen control valve 21 which can adjust the air quantity is arranged on the ash removal door 18. The function of the ash door 18 is two: first, the burnt ashes are removed. Secondly, the oxygen supply of the slow combustion chamber 3 is controlled. The sealing degree of the ash removal door is controlled, or the closing is not tight, so that the oxygen supply can be controlled. In this example, a more accurate way is recommended, as shown in fig. 10, an ash removal door 18 capable of being opened and closed is opened on one side of the slow burning room 3, and an oxygen control valve 21 capable of adjusting air quantity is arranged on the ash removal door 18. The oxygen control valve 21 is a cone matched with a taper hole, and the screw at the outer end of the cone is twisted to move the cone, adjust the size of the air inlet hole and control the supply of oxygen, so that the combustion of the slow combustion chamber 3 is more satisfactory.
Fourth embodiment: as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the shape of the flap is rectangular, and the horizontal section of the hearth 1 to be fitted is also rectangular, and the operation is the same as that of the previous embodiment. The shape of the flap 5 can be varied, as long as it can be adapted to the shape of the furnace.
Fifth embodiment: as shown in fig. 13, the flap has only one piece, and may be semicircular or rectangular, so long as it can match the inner wall of the furnace. One side of the turning plate 5 is hinged on the inner wall of the hearth 1 through a rotating shaft 4, and can perform two actions of horizontal arrangement and lower swinging under the drive of a motor. When the turning plate 5 is horizontally arranged, fuel can be received and burnt; when the lower hem is shown by a dotted line in the figure, unburned fuel can be thrown down into the slow combustion chamber 3. The flap 5 is provided with an elongate blocking strip 22 which acts to leave a small amount of fuel on the skirt as a return re-burning fire.
This structure is simple but must be driven by a motor.
Sixth embodiment: the feeding auger motor, the fan motor, the turning plate motor and the valve control motor are all provided with a remote controller or an automatic controller. Fig. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an automatic control structure, in which temperature sensors and material detectors are disposed in a combustion chamber and a slow combustion chamber, and collected signals are processed by a processor to send instructions to an auger motor, a fan motor, a flap motor and a motor for controlling a loiter valve, so that the operation of the whole stove can be controlled, and a large number of manual operations can be replaced.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a living beings pellet fuel binary burner, includes furnace (1) and peripheral water jacket (2), its characterized in that: the upper part of the hearth (1) is provided with a horizontally arranged rotating shaft (4), a turning plate (5) is arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft (4), the outer side edge of the turning plate (5) is matched with the inner wall of the hearth (1) when horizontally arranged, and the upper part of at least one side edge is opposite to an air inlet hole (7) to form a combustion chamber (6); the lower part of the hearth (1) is a closed slow burning chamber (3), the upper part of the slow burning chamber (3) is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is externally connected with a discharge pipe (16), and the discharge pipe (16) is connected into an air inlet hole (7) of the combustion chamber (6) through a water tank (17);
A fuel hopper (10) is arranged at the outer upper part of the hearth (1), a feeding auger (9) is arranged at the lower part of the fuel hopper (10), the feeding auger (9) is driven by a motor (12), and the outlet of the feeding auger (9) is opposite to a feeding port (8) of the hearth (1);
the hearth (1) is a vertical cylindrical cavity, and the matched turning plates (5) are four semicircular plate surfaces and are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft (4) in a crisscross manner; or alternatively
One turning plate (5) is hinged on the inner wall of the hearth (1) through a rotating shaft (4), the two actions of horizontal placement and lower swinging are carried out under the drive of a motor, and a strip-shaped blocking strip (22) is arranged on the turning plate (5);
an air inlet pipe (13) is connected to the outside of the air inlet hole (7) of the combustion chamber (6), and a fan (14) is arranged at the outer end of the air inlet pipe (13);
the air inlet pipe (13) is arranged in the rotating shaft (4), and a plurality of air inlet holes (7) obliquely upwards are formed in the air inlet pipe (13);
the discharge pipe (16) is connected with the middle part of the air inlet pipe (13).
2. The biomass pellet fuel dual-state combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein: a layer of ventilation net (19) is arranged on the plate surface of the turning plate (5), and a gap is reserved between the ventilation net (19) and the plate surface of the turning plate.
3. The biomass pellet fuel dual-state combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein: one side of the slow burning room (3) is provided with a switchable ash removal door (18), and the ash removal door (18) is provided with an oxygen control valve (21) capable of adjusting air quantity.
4. The biomass pellet fuel dual-state combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the combustion furnace is provided with a feeding auger motor, a fan motor, a turning plate motor and a valve control motor, and the feeding auger motor, the fan motor, the turning plate motor and the valve control motor are all provided with a remote controller or an automatic controller.
CN201711359988.0A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace Active CN108006960B (en)

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CN201711359988.0A CN108006960B (en) 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711359988.0A CN108006960B (en) 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Biomass pellet fuel double-state combustion furnace

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CN108006960B true CN108006960B (en) 2024-06-14

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2348254Y (en) * 1998-08-21 1999-11-10 成都长城环保设备总厂 Reburning multi-purpose incinerator
CN203131799U (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-08-14 刘新杰 Automatically controlled biomass back fire furnace
CN203857494U (en) * 2014-05-25 2014-10-01 河北荣凯生物能源科技有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly biomass negative pressure counter-burning heating stove
CN207688423U (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-08-03 武国富 Biomass granule fuel bifurcation combustion furnace

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101726012A (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-06-09 北京科技桥科贸有限公司 Counter-burning type biomass superconductive gasifier
CN103912866B (en) * 2014-04-16 2016-08-24 山东建筑大学 A kind of biomass granule fuel stability and high efficiency burner and method
CN106482163B (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-09-28 重庆华万伦生物新能源科技有限公司 A kind of double turnover plate type bio-fuel stoves

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2348254Y (en) * 1998-08-21 1999-11-10 成都长城环保设备总厂 Reburning multi-purpose incinerator
CN203131799U (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-08-14 刘新杰 Automatically controlled biomass back fire furnace
CN203857494U (en) * 2014-05-25 2014-10-01 河北荣凯生物能源科技有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly biomass negative pressure counter-burning heating stove
CN207688423U (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-08-03 武国富 Biomass granule fuel bifurcation combustion furnace

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