CN108005714B - Method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction - Google Patents
Method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005714B CN108005714B CN201711262349.2A CN201711262349A CN108005714B CN 108005714 B CN108005714 B CN 108005714B CN 201711262349 A CN201711262349 A CN 201711262349A CN 108005714 B CN108005714 B CN 108005714B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction, which comprises the following steps that A, the concentration of the gas is detected in advance on the face of a tunnel A; b, determining that the tunnel face is damaged by advanced gas concentration and normal tunneling of the tunnel face is carried out; c, respectively arranging a plurality of drainage holes on two side walls of the tunnel 5-40 m behind the tunnel face, wherein each drainage hole extends into a rock body in front of the tunnel face along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the end points of all the drainage holes are arranged along the periphery of the tunnel, and the starting points of all the drainage holes are communicated with a suction device; and D, pumping the gas in the rock mass of the face area by using a suction device under negative pressure. By applying the gas interception method, the two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face are provided with the drainage holes, the drainage holes extend into the rock mass with the advanced tunnel face, the end points of all the drainage holes are enveloped at the periphery of the outline of the tunnel to be tunneled, good protection and good suction can be formed on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the tunnel, the abnormal emission of gas is prevented, safety accidents are caused, all the drainage holes for suction are not positioned on the tunnel face, and the normal tunneling of the tunnel face is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for intercepting gushing gas during tunnel construction.
Background
In the prior art, when the tunnel driving face detects that the gas concentration is too high in advance and needs to be drained, a drainage hole is formed in the face, the gas flowing out of the drainage hole is sucked by a suction device, the gas concentration in the face area is reduced, so that the normal driving of the face is not influenced by the gas concentration, and the tunnel driving speed is greatly reduced, and the construction period is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the concentration of gas in a face area is reduced by the advanced drilling drainage of a tunnel driving face in the prior art, the face can be safely driven, but the driving speed of the face is greatly reduced, and the construction period is influenced, and provides a method for stopping the gushed gas in tunnel construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
A. the tunnel driving face is used for detecting the gas concentration in advance;
B. guiding tunnel construction according to the gas concentration real-time value in the step A until the tunnel face is ahead of the normal tunneling work that the gas concentration harms the tunnel face;
C. a plurality of drainage holes are respectively arranged on two side walls of the tunnel 5-40 m behind the tunnel face, each drainage hole extends into a rock body in front of the tunnel face along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the end points of all the drainage holes are arranged along the periphery of the tunnel, and the starting points of all the drainage holes are communicated with a suction device;
D. and the suction device extracts gas in the rock body of the face area under negative pressure.
Wherein, the rock mass in the face area comprises the rock mass around the face, the rock mass around the tunnel which is excavated and formed 5m-40m behind the face and the rock mass which is ahead of the face and is to be excavated. The starting point and the end point of the drainage hole are respectively the starting point and the end point of the drainage hole formed by drilling the rock mass with the tunnel side wall leading to the tunnel face, the starting point is positioned on the tunnel side wall, and the end point is positioned in the rock mass with the tunnel face leading.
By adopting the method for intercepting the gas emitted in the tunnel construction, a plurality of gas emission drainage holes are arranged on the two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face, and the suction device is used for extracting the gas emitted from all the drainage holes under negative pressure, because the drainage holes extend into the rock mass with the advanced tunnel face, the gas in the rock mass of the region of the tunnel face is mutually communicated and has fluidity, the gas sucked by the two side walls of the tunnel not only can suck the gas on the side face of the tunnel face, but also can suck the gas in front of the tunnel face and intercept the gas emitted in advance, and the terminal points of all the drainage holes are enveloped at the periphery of the contour of the tunnel to be tunneled, so that the good suction can be formed on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the tunnel, the gas in the whole region of the tunnel face can be effectively sucked, the abnormal emission of the gas is prevented, the safety accident is caused, and all the drainage holes sucked are not positioned on the, the normal tunneling of the tunnel face is not affected.
Preferably, in the step C, short holes are dug and arranged on two side walls of the tunnel respectively, and a plurality of the drainage holes on each side wall of the tunnel are located in the corresponding short holes.
By adopting the structure, the corresponding drainage holes and the corresponding suction devices are conveniently arranged in the short holes, and the construction and traffic transportation in the tunnel are not influenced.
Preferably, each short hole is of a cuboid cavity structure.
Preferably, each short hole has a length, width and height dimension of 5m × 4m × 4 m.
Preferably, the positions of the two short holes on the two side walls of the tunnel are staggered along the tunnel direction.
By adopting the structural arrangement, the stress concentration of the section of the tunnel provided with the short hole is avoided.
Preferably, the distance between two short holes along the tunnel direction is 10m-30 m.
Preferably, in the tunneling process, two short holes are arranged on two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face in a staggered mode every 100-150 m.
Preferably, in the step a, the heading face advanced detection of the gas concentration adopts a mode of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling.
Preferably, the geophysical prospecting adopts a TSP203 system, and is used for detecting the interface positions of poor geologic bodies such as a fault fracture zone, a water-rich zone, different rock stratum contact zones and the like within the range of 60-120 m in front of the tunnel face.
Preferably, the drilling adopts 3-5 advanced drilling holes, the length of all the advanced drilling holes is larger than the distance between two short holes, the gas concentration and the gas emission flow of the drilling holes are measured, and the occurrence condition of gas dynamic phenomena (spray holes, T-shaped drilling and clamping drilling) is recorded.
Preferably, the length of all the pilot drilling holes is more than the distance between two short holes by more than 10 m.
Preferably, the lead bore hole drilled continues to be used as part of several of the drainage holes as the tunnel is being tunneled.
Preferably, the tunnel is provided with at least one slant well.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by applying the method for intercepting the gas emitted in the tunnel construction, a plurality of gas emission drainage guide holes are arranged on two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face, the suction device is used for extracting the gas emitted from all the gas emission drainage guide holes under negative pressure, the gas in the rock mass in the region of the tunnel face extends into the rock mass in advance, and the gas in the region of the tunnel face is communicated with each other and has fluidity, so that the gas sucked by the two side walls of the tunnel not only can suck the gas on the side face of the tunnel face, but also can suck the gas in front of the tunnel face and intercept the gas emitted in advance, the terminal points of all the gas emission guide holes are enveloped at the periphery of the contour of the tunnel to be tunneled, good protection and suction can be formed on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the tunnel, namely, the gas in the whole region of the tunnel face can be effectively sucked, the abnormal emission of the gas is prevented, safety accidents are caused, and, normal tunneling of the tunnel face is not affected;
2. by adopting the method for intercepting the gas gushed out during the tunnel construction, the two side walls of the tunnel are respectively provided with the short holes, and the plurality of drainage holes on each side wall of the tunnel are positioned in the corresponding short holes;
3. by applying the method for intercepting the gas gushed out during the tunnel construction, the positions of the two short holes on the two side walls of the tunnel are arranged in a staggered manner along the tunnel direction, and by adopting the structural arrangement, the stress concentration of the section of the tunnel provided with the short holes is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the short holes on two sides of the tunnel;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel of fig. 2.
The labels in the figure are: 1-drainage hole, 11-starting point, 12-terminal point and 2-short hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-3, the method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
A. the tunnel driving face is used for detecting the gas concentration in advance;
B. guiding tunnel construction according to the gas concentration real-time value in the step A until the tunnel face is ahead of the normal tunneling work that the gas concentration harms the tunnel face;
C. the method comprises the following steps that 16 drainage holes 1 with the diameter of 108mm are respectively arranged on two side walls of a tunnel 10m behind a tunnel face, each drainage hole 1 extends into a rock body with the tunnel face ahead along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the end points 12 of all the drainage holes 1 are arranged along the periphery of the tunnel, and the starting points 11 of all the drainage holes 1 are communicated with a suction device;
D. and the suction device extracts gas in the rock body of the face area under negative pressure.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-3, in the step C, short holes 2 are dug and arranged on two side walls of the tunnel respectively, a starting point 11 of each guiding and discharging hole 1 on each side wall of the tunnel is located in the corresponding short hole 2, an end point 12 of each guiding and discharging hole 1 is located in a rock mass with a tunnel face advanced by 50m, and all the end points 12 are uniformly distributed and arranged along the periphery of the tunnel contour, so that the corresponding guiding and discharging holes 1 and the suction device are arranged in the short holes 2, and the construction and traffic transportation in the tunnel are not affected. Each short hole 2 is a cuboid cavity structure with the length, width and height of 5m multiplied by 4 m. The two positions of the short holes 2 on the two side walls of the tunnel are arranged in a staggered mode along the tunnel direction, and by means of the structural arrangement, the stress concentration of the section of the tunnel with the short holes 2 is avoided. The distance between two short holes 2 along the tunnel direction is 30 m. In the tunneling process, two short holes 2 are arranged on two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face in a staggered mode every 125 m.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, in the step a, the heading face advanced detection of the gas concentration adopts a combination of geophysical prospecting and drilling. The geophysical prospecting adopts a TSP203 system and is used for detecting the interface positions of unfavorable geologic bodies such as fault fracture zones, water-rich zones, different rock stratum contact zones and the like within the range of 100m in front of the tunnel face. The drilling adopts 3-5 advanced drill holes with the diameter of 108mm and the depth of 50m, measures the gas concentration and the gas emission flow of the drill holes and records the occurrence condition of gas dynamic phenomena (spray holes, T-shaped drills and clamped drills). As the tunnel is driven, the lead bore hole drilled continues to be used as part of several of the drainage holes 1. The tunnel is provided with at least one inclined shaft.
By applying the method for intercepting the gas gushed out in the tunnel construction, a plurality of gas gushing-out drainage holes 1 are arranged on two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face, the suction device is used for extracting the gas gushed out of all the drainage holes 1 in a negative pressure mode, the drainage holes 1 extend into the rock mass with the advanced tunnel face, and the gas in the rock mass area of the tunnel face is communicated with each other and has fluidity, so that the gas which is sucked by the two side walls of the tunnel not only can suck the gas on the side face of the tunnel face, but also can suck the gas in front of the tunnel face and can intercept the gas which can gush out in advance, the terminal points 12 of all the drainage holes 1 are enveloped at the periphery of the profile of the tunnel to be tunneled, the tunnel can be well protected and sucked up, down, left and right, the tunnel, the gas in the whole tunnel face area can be effectively sucked, the abnormal gushing of the gas can be prevented, safety accidents are caused, and all the drainage holes 1, the normal tunneling of the tunnel face is not affected.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the tunnel driving face is used for detecting the gas concentration in advance;
B. guiding tunnel construction according to the gas concentration real-time value in the step A until the tunnel face is ahead of the normal tunneling work that the gas concentration harms the tunnel face;
C. the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of drainage holes (1) are respectively formed in two side walls of a tunnel 5-40 m behind a tunnel face, each drainage hole (1) extends into a rock body with the tunnel face ahead along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, end points (12) of all the drainage holes (1) are arranged along the periphery of the tunnel, and starting points (11) of all the drainage holes (1) are communicated with a suction device;
D. and the suction device extracts gas in the rock body of the face area under negative pressure.
2. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, short holes (2) are dug on two side walls of the tunnel respectively, and a plurality of the drainage holes (1) on each side wall of the tunnel are positioned in the corresponding short holes (2).
3. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein each short hole (2) has a rectangular parallelepiped cavity structure.
4. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein the two short holes (2) on the two side walls of the tunnel are arranged in a staggered manner along the tunnel direction.
5. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to claim 4, wherein two short holes (2) are alternately arranged on two side walls of the tunnel behind the tunnel face every 100m-150m during tunnel excavation.
6. The method for intercepting gas gushing out in tunnel construction according to claim 4, wherein in the step A, the concentration of the gas is detected in advance by a tunnel face in a mode of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling.
7. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the geophysical prospecting adopts a TSP203 system, and is used for detecting the interface positions of poor geologic bodies such as fault fracture zones, water-rich zones, different rock stratum contact zones and the like within the range of 60-120 m in front of the tunnel face.
8. The method for intercepting gas emitted in tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein 3-5 advanced drill holes are adopted in the drilling, the length of each advanced drill hole is larger than the distance between two short holes (2), the gas concentration and the gas emission flow of the drill holes are measured, and the occurrence condition of the gas dynamic phenomenon is recorded.
9. Method for intercepting tunnel construction gush gas according to claim 8, characterized in that the drilled advance borehole continues to be used as part of several of the drainage holes (1) as the tunnel is being tunneled.
10. The method for intercepting gas gushed during tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tunnel is provided with at least one inclined shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711262349.2A CN108005714B (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction |
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| CN201711262349.2A CN108005714B (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Method for intercepting gas gushed out in tunnel construction |
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| CN108005714A CN108005714A (en) | 2018-05-08 |
| CN108005714B true CN108005714B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| CN116556966B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | 山西凯嘉能源集团有限公司 | Roadway driving method for precisely eliminating coal roadway driving coal and gas outburst |
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2017
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