CN108001474B - A method of improving high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance - Google Patents
A method of improving high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108001474B CN108001474B CN201711440778.4A CN201711440778A CN108001474B CN 108001474 B CN108001474 B CN 108001474B CN 201711440778 A CN201711440778 A CN 201711440778A CN 108001474 B CN108001474 B CN 108001474B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
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Abstract
A method of improving high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance, according to pivoted arm node present position, pivoted arm node is divided into two vulcanization bodies and mandrel is pressed fabricated structure, two of them vulcanize the mutual on mandrel of body, and realize that pivoted arm node vulcanizes the precommpression of body rubber body by the relative position of housing and inner sleeve, pivoted arm node avoids pivoted arm node rubber bodies when bearing longitudinal force, cross force from being in tensional state by implementing radial precompressed and axial precommpression simultaneously to pivoted arm node vulcanization body, effectively improves product anti-fatigue performance.Adjust pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity by this way simultaneously；Axially stop block and overload protection arrangement are set in pivoted arm node simultaneously, the axial float in pivoted arm node operational process is prevented by axially stop block, prevents pivoted arm node overload from running by overload protection arrangement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of system unit performance for improving vehicle, and in particular to improves high quick-action to a kind of
The method of vehicle group pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance, is mainly used for the bogie primary vibration insulating system of China's standard EMU.Belong to rail
Road vehicular traffic critical component manufacturing technology field.
Background technique
In order to really form our the autonomous unified high-speed rail standard techniques of country, China started just to propose to want in 2012
Establish the standard EMU of China.So-called Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) EMU: it referred to as marks and moves, refer to that Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) system is occupied an leading position
EMU (in 254 major criterions, 84%) various Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS)s account for, the construction reference of profile and mating track
All it is higher than European standard and Nippon Standard, there is distinct and comprehensive Chinese feature；This also refers in the environment for facing diversification CRH
In (including the four big CRH6 for introducing types and Chinese autonomous Design), to Chinese EMU carry out standardization it is (unitized) design with
It interconnects.This novel EMU newly developed increases compatibility, large quantities of features such as do not derail again, thus form it is distinct and
Comprehensive China's feature represents the advanced standard body of current world's EMU technology by using names EMU Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) (China marks)
System.
The main purpose for developing Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) EMU is:
1, the needs of scientific research and innovation, research of technique.The scientific research and research of technique for reinforcing high-speed railway key technology, make
Chinese high-speed rail technology keeps world lead level.
2, it seeks unity of standard, reduces the needs of cost.For the EMU of different model, unified technical standard body is established
System, realize EMU in service function, with the unification in maintenance, improve efficiency, reduce cost.
In order to adapt to the requirement of Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) EMU, to being permitted including bogie and bogie integral vibration damping system
More important component requires to re-start design and research；Wherein, being installed on one is to connect among pivoted arm for pivoted arm positioning flexible
It connects, the pivoted arm node for transmitting longitudinal force is exactly one of them.Pivoted arm node is also referred to as axle box guidance joint, is train A class key portion
Part, performance directly affect vehicle movement stability, and pivoted arm node is because of longitudinal rigidity and deflection stiffness is excessive easilys lead to take turns
To abrasion.According to the position of journal box spring, swing arm type positioning, which can be divided into axis top spring again and ride on spring, positions two kinds.
What standard motor train unit bogie used is exactly the positioning of axis top spring, and the journal box spring seat is in the top of axle box, center line
With wheel to center line in one plane, play main vertical carrying.Pivoted arm node installation is fixed when one is among pivoted arm
Position pivoted arm one end and columnar axle box are affixed, the pivoted arm node and weld architecturally that the other end is made by caoutchouc elasticity
Mounting base is connected.Pivoted arm node allows axle box to have a biggish vertical deviation with respect to framework, but the rubber in pivoted arm node can be with
It is supplied to the different horizontal and vertical locating stiffness of axle-box locating system, is positioned with to adapt to rail truck for a system longitudinal and transverse
The requirement of the flexibly positioned rigidity of difference of both direction.But existing EMU can generate very big axial punching in running at high speed
It hits, and existing pivoted arm node is there are longitudinal rigidity and deflection stiffness are excessive, pivoted arm node is easy in normal operation
Existing fatigue, and between pivoted arm and car body under the action of axial force, it is easy to appear the loosening of pivoted arm node, leads to axial jump, this
Sample will be easy to so that fatigue occur in the rubber bodies of pivoted arm node, and wheel needs to be solved to increased wear, therefore suddenly.
By patent retrieval do not find have with the patent literature report of same technique of the present invention, have certain relationship with the present invention
Patent mainly have it is following:
1, Patent No. CN200510031727.7, entitled " a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element is axially pre-
The patent of invention of compression method and product ", which disclose a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element axial direction precommpression
Method and product belong to a kind of ball hinged rubber elastic element, including metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve and mandrel,
It is characterized in that the metal-coating of ball hinged rubber elastic element, elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve are mutually independent two-period form
Composite structure, entire ball hinged rubber elastic element are combined by two independent metal-coatings, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeves
What the elastomer of composition axially combined on mandrel, the elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression of ball hinged rubber elastic element is
It is realized by adjusting metal-coating and the mutual axial position of inner metal sleeve.Elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression can be metal
Inner sleeve is two sections of axial separation, by being compressed axially inner metal sleeve, adjusts axial position of the inner metal sleeve on mandrel and generates
Elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression.
2, number of patent application CN200520051167.7, it is entitled " a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element "
Utility model patent, which disclose a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic elements, belong to a kind of ball hinged rubber elastic
Element, including metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve and mandrel, it is characterized in that the gold of ball hinged rubber elastic element
Belonging to housing, elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve is mutually independent two-period form composite structure, entire ball hinged rubber elastic element
It is axially to be combined on mandrel by two independent metal-coatings, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve assembly, flexural pivot class
The elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression of rubber elastic element is by adjusting metal-coating and the mutual axial position of inner metal sleeve
It realizes.Elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression can be two sections that inner metal sleeve is axial separation, by being compressed axially in metal
Set adjusts axial position of the inner metal sleeve on mandrel and generates elastic rubbery body precompressed stress under compression.
3, Patent No. CN201510707088.5, entitled " adjustment rubber layer pre compressed magnitude changes pivoted arm connection stiffness
Method and pivoted arm node " patent of invention, which disclose a kind of adjustment rubber layer pre compressed magnitude change pivoted arm node it is rigid
The method of degree is the method for preventing axle box bearing from wearing by adjusting pivoted arm node rubber layer pre compressed magnitude, using two pitch cone shapes
Inner hole pivoted arm combination of nodes structure has changed the different axial direction of pivoted arm node by increasing pivoted arm node rubber layer pre compressed magnitude just
Performance is spent, and improves pivoted arm node axial rigidity by increasing pivoted arm node rubber layer pre compressed magnitude, so that axial rigidity control
System avoids deflection stiffness and torsion stiffness from declining in 6-8KN.mm-1, and axle bearing abrasion is effectively reduced.
4, Patent No. CN201510706982.0, it is entitled " by changing pivoted arm node structure size adjusting rigidity
The patent of invention of method and pivoted arm node ", which disclose a kind of by changing pivoted arm node structure size adjusting rigidity
Method, the method to improve pivoted arm connection stiffness matching performance by adjusting pivoted arm node structure size, using in two pitch cone shapes
Hole pivoted arm combination of nodes structure, and the diameter ruler by changing pivoted arm node rubber molding surface size and pivoted arm node inner sleeve and housing
The very little rigidity property to change pivoted arm node, so that the longitudinal rigidity of pivoted arm node and deflection stiffness decline.Pass through rubber-type face
The rigidity of the Matching and modification pivoted arm node of the diameter dimension of size and pivoted arm node inner sleeve and housing, so that the longitudinal direction of pivoted arm node
Rigidity and deflection stiffness decline guarantee that the longitudinal rigidity of pivoted arm node is controlled in 11-13KN.mm-1, and longitudinal rigid by control
Degree reduces deflection stiffness, while by increasing axial rigidity, guaranteeing that the axial rigidity of pivoted arm node is controlled in 6-8KN.mm-1 model
Within enclosing, guarantee that torsion stiffness does not decline.
Although these above-mentioned patents have been directed to pivoted arm node, wherein also specially propose improve pivoted arm node it is pre-
Decrement changes the technical solution of pivoted arm connection stiffness, but proposed Technological improvement plan does not propose how to move for Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS)
The requirement of vehicle group improves pivoted arm node, therefore pivoted arm node longitudinal rigidity and deflection stiffness are excessive, and pivoted arm node is working normally
It is easy to appear loosening under state, rubber bodies is caused fatigue, pivoted arm node axial jump, so that the problem of wheel aggravates abrasion occur
It still has, needs further to be studied.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to excessive for existing pivoted arm node longitudinal rigidity and deflection stiffness, pivoted arm node is normal
It is easy to appear loosening under working condition, rubber bodies is caused fatigue, pivoted arm node axial jump, so that wheel aggravated abrasion occur
Problem, a kind of method for proposing new raising pivoted arm node entirety anti-fatigue performance, the new pivoted arm node entirety fatigue resistance
The method of energy improves the overall performance of pivoted arm node by changing structure and the method for adjustment of pivoted arm node, is guaranteeing pivoted arm section
In the case of the variation rigidity of point, pivoted arm node entirety anti-fatigue performance is effectively improved, so that pivoted arm node reaches standard motor-car
The requirement of group bogie dynamic performance.
In order to reach this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of sides for improving high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance
Pivoted arm node is divided into two vulcanization bodies and mandrel is pressed fabricated structure, two of them by method according to pivoted arm node present position
Vulcanize the mutual of body and realizes that pivoted arm node vulcanization body rubber body is pre- on mandrel, and through the relative position of housing and inner sleeve
Compression, it is characterized in that, pivoted arm node by pivoted arm node vulcanize body simultaneously implement radial precompressed and axial precommpression come
It avoids pivoted arm node rubber bodies when bearing longitudinal force, cross force from being in tensional state, effectively improves product anti-fatigue performance.Together
When adjust pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity by this way；Axially stop block is set in pivoted arm node simultaneously and overload is protected
Protection unit prevents the axial float in pivoted arm node operational process by axially stop block, is prevented by overload protection arrangement
The operation of pivoted arm node overload.
Further, described to be adjusted by implementing radial precompressed and axial precommpression simultaneously to pivoted arm node vulcanization body
Turn over arm joint point diameter, axial rigidity are to implement radial contraction to pivoted arm node housing, so that vulcanization body rubber radial compression, is realized
Radial rigidity adjustment；Vulcanize body rubber by the inner sleeve radial movement compresses of pivoted arm node simultaneously, realizes axial rigidity adjustment.
Further, described is that the two vulcanization bodies assemblings of pivoted arm node are whole to pivoted arm node housing implementation radial contraction
Body is pressed into radial compression tooling, so that pivoted arm node housing radial contraction, then be pressed into pivoted arm, thus real to vulcanization body rubber body
It applies radial precompressed.
Further, the pivoted arm node housing is the housing by two vulcanization bodies to dress, and two housings are connected
End face be three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth match step structure；Wherein the external set of a vulcanization is female structure, and another vulcanization is external
Set is outer male structure, together by the cooperation assembly and connection of three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth interference；The housing of pivoted arm node is first mutual
It is pressed into radial compression tooling by rim of the mouth matched together, then entirely through press machine, so that radial direction is integrally formed in pivoted arm node
Compression；The range of radial compression is the 5%-15% for vulcanizing body rubber thickness degree.
Further, the axial limiting includes that pivoted arm node housing limits, vulcanization body rubber body limits, inner sleeve limits
And/or mandrel limits the combination restriction of four aspects, is limited by pivoted arm node housing, vulcanization body rubber body limits, inner sleeve limits
The combination that fixed and/or mandrel limits four aspects limits the axial float realized and prevented in pivoted arm node operational process.
Further, it is the housing that vulcanizes body for two to dress that the pivoted arm node housing, which limits, and two housing phases
The end face of connection is the step structure that three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth matches；Wherein the external set of a vulcanization is female structure, another vulcanization
External set is outer male structure, together by the cooperation assembly and connection of three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth interference；The three-stage convex-concave
The fit on face grouping outside housing for the two housing matching end face of pivoted arm node in three-stage step structure that rim of the mouth matches
It contacts with each other after dress together, and mutually end face does not contact after the interior mating surface part assembling in housing, there are gaps, and will
Rim of the mouth position is positioned close to the lower one third position of the entire faying face of mandrel, with guarantee housing match together when
It waits, the three-stage fit on face part of housing is very close to each other, and has contact surface longer than interior mating surface part, facilitates control
The length of housing and prevent soil from remaining in the gap of housing.
Further, it includes before assembling, vulcanizing external set and inner sleeve axial there are difference in height that the inner sleeve, which limits,
Inner sleeve will stretch out one section in the axial direction；After assembling, to vulcanize the end face of set outside in vivo and mandrel platform after inner sleeve compression
Terrace is concordant, and the outer end face of permanent retention inner sleeve is concordant with mandrel step surface after the axial precommpression of realization, effectively prevent axial pre-
The inconsistent bring axial jump of decrement；The vulcanization body rubber body restriction is by adjusting adjustable L-type two-part rubber
Plastic structure is realized in pivoted arm node after being pressed into pivoted arm and vehicle frame, in the case where guaranteeing pivoted arm connection stiffness matching demand,
The outer end face of inner sleeve and mandrel step surface are axially concordant.The adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure of the adjustment is to adjust L-type rubber
Colloid Lr partial-length mainly provides radial direction rigidity, and La partial-length mainly provides axial direction rigidity, by adjusting Lr
With the ratio and its angle A 1 of La length, A2 can effectively adjust product diameter axial direction Rigidity Matching relationship, realize small journal axle than matching
Relationship, and the matching relationship is a wide range of interior controllable.The journal axle rigidity ratio of the pivoted arm node can realize 40:12 and 17.5:
10。
Further, mandrel restriction includes the setting hard backstop of axial limiting on mandrel, controls the axial direction of inner sleeve
Compression distance is not in excess compression after guaranteeing the precommpression of inner sleeve axial direction；It is axial after guaranteeing inner sleeve axial direction precommpression simultaneously
Outer end face is concordant with mandrel step surface.The mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, and one section of the length that multi-diameter shaft and inner sleeve match is inner sleeve
Length control jumping for inner sleeve so that inner sleeve outer end face is concordant with mandrel ladder end face after inner sleeve axial direction precommpression.
Further, the load protective device is that two radial backstops are arranged on mandrel, blocks inner sleeve respectively toward core
It is mobile among axis, and an annular groove is radially dug out on the mandrel between two radial backstops, so that in mandrel and vulcanization body
A space is formed between component, while two vulcanizations is covered with the end face being connected toward mandrel in vitro and being vulcanized shape between body component
At extending in a space, so that two vulcanizations cover the control of the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel in pivoted arm in vitro
The radial deformation moving distance that can bear before node overload；When the overload occurs, by making the external set of two vulcanizations be connected
The end face connect radially contacts to form overload protection with mandrel.
Further, it is arranged simultaneously on the inside of the mandrel two radial backstops, on the inside of the external set connecting end surface of the vulcanization
There is rounded corner, prevent pivoted arm node rubber deformation in load bearing process from contacting and isolate, effective protection rubber bodies improve pivoted arm
Node lifetime.
Further, described two vulcanizations cover the end face radial direction being connected in vitro and are turning with the distance between mandrel control
The radial deformation moving distance that can bear before arm node overload controls between 3mm-8mm.
The present invention has the advantages that
The present invention is by the overall improvement to pivoted arm node, and pivoted arm node is by vulcanizing body reality simultaneously to pivoted arm node
Radial precompressed and axial precommpression is applied to effectively improve product fatigue life, and adjusts pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity matching；
Axially stop block and overload protection arrangement are set in pivoted arm node simultaneously, prevent pivoted arm node from transporting by axially stop block
Axial float during row prevents pivoted arm node overload from running by overload protection arrangement.Have the advantages that so the following:
1, pivoted arm node is by radial and axial two-way precommpression, so that pivoted arm node has when radially, axially carrying
Adjustable surplus, effectively prevent rubber tensional state occur, to improve product fatigue behaviour；
2, the running axial float of pivoted arm node can be effectively controlled by the axial device that limits, guarantees product in normal work
Make not loosen under state, it is ensured that product play does not also occur in axial impact, to reduce the friction of wheel pair, has axis
To locking, anti-channeling function, wheel is improved to the service life of the components such as, bearing；
3, small journal axle can be achieved than matching relationship, and the matching relationship is a wide range of interior controllable.The design side has been utilized at present
The pivoted arm node of case realization 40:12 and 17.5:10 journal axle rigidity ratio；
4, after pivoted arm node population, since design has overload protection arrangement, certain gap is formed between mandrel and housing
H protects rubber bodies not to be damaged when products radial absorbs impact or overloads to adapt to load change.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pivoted arm node general structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the vulcanization body structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the invention pivoted arm node installation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the invention pivoted arm node installation top cross-sectional view；
Fig. 5 is one embodiment of the invention pivoted arm node overload protective device structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is next in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments that the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment one
Attached drawing gives one embodiment of the invention, it can be seen in the drawings that improving high quick-action the present invention relates to a kind of
Pivoted arm node 1 is divided into two vulcanization bodies 2 according to pivoted arm node present position by the method for vehicle group pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance
Be pressed fabricated structure with mandrel 4 with 3, two of them vulcanize the mutual on the mandrel 4 of body 2 and 3, and by housing 5 with
7 precommpression of rubber bodies of pivoted arm node vulcanization body is realized in the relative position of inner sleeve 6, it is characterized in that, pivoted arm node is by turning
The rubber bodies 7 of arm joint point vulcanization body are implemented radial compression simultaneously and are compressed axially to effectively improve product fatigue life and adjust and turn
Arm joint point diameter, axial rigidity matching；Axially stop block 9 and overload protection arrangement 10 are set in pivoted arm node simultaneously, passed through
Axially stop block 9 prevents the axial float in pivoted arm node operational process, protects pivoted arm node by overload protection arrangement 10
Overlond running.
Described adjusts pivoted arm section by implementing radial precompressed and axial precommpression simultaneously to pivoted arm node vulcanization body 7
Point diameter axial rigidity is to implement radial contraction to pivoted arm node housing, so that 7 radial compression of rubber bodies of vulcanization body, is realized radial
Stiffness equivalent；The rubber bodies 7 for vulcanizing body by the inner sleeve radial movement compresses of pivoted arm node simultaneously realize axial rigidity adjustment.
It is described to pivoted arm node housing 5 implement radial contraction be by the housing of pivoted arm node after two vulcanization bodies assemblings
An entirety is formed, then extrusion tooling is pressed by press machine, so that pivoted arm node housing radial contraction, thus to vulcanization body rubber
Glue part is implemented radial precompressed.
The pivoted arm node housing 5 is the housing by two vulcanization bodies to dress, and the end face 8 that two housings are connected is
The step structure that three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth matches；Wherein the external set of a vulcanization is female structure, and another external set of vulcanization is evagination
Structure, together by the cooperation assembly and connection of three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth interference；The housing of pivoted arm node is first each other by rim of the mouth
Matched together, then radial compression tooling is pressed by press machine, so that radial compression is integrally formed in pivoted arm node；Radial compression
Range be vulcanize body rubber thickness degree 5%-15%.
The two housing matching end face of pivoted arm node in three-stage step structure that the three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth matches
Fit on face part 14 outside housing contacts with each other together after assembling, and after interior mating surface part 15 assembling in housing
Mutual end face does not contact, and there are gaps, and 16 position of rim of the mouth is positioned close to the lower one third of the entire faying face of mandrel
Within position, when to guarantee that housing is matched together, the three-stage fit on face part of housing is very close to each other, and three-stage
Fit on face part has contact surface longer than interior mating surface part, facilitates the length of control housing and prevents mutual
Interference, and soil is avoided to remain in the gap of housing.
The axial limiting 9 includes that pivoted arm node housing limits, vulcanization body rubber part limits, inner sleeve limits and/or core
The combination of the aspect of axis limit four limits, limited by pivoted arm node housing, vulcanization body rubber part limits, inner sleeve limits and/or
The combination that mandrel limits four aspects limits the axial float realized and prevented in pivoted arm node operational process.
The inner sleeve restriction includes before assembling, vulcanizing external set and inner sleeve axially there are differences in height, inner sleeve is in axis
One section is stretched out to direction；After assembling, it is concordant with mandrel step surface to vulcanize the end face of set outside in vivo after inner sleeve compression,
The outer end face of permanent retention inner sleeve is concordant with mandrel step surface after the axial precommpression of realization, effectively prevent vulcanization body axial direction precommpression
Measure inconsistent bring axial jump.The axial compression amount of inner sleeve is the 5%-15% for vulcanizing body rubber layer axial width.
The vulcanization body rubber part restriction is to realize by adjusting adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure in pivoted arm section
After point is pressed into pivoted arm and car body, in the case where guaranteeing pivoted arm connection stiffness matching demand, the outer end face and mandrel platform of inner sleeve
Terrace is axially concordant.
The adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure of the adjustment is to adjust L-type rubber bodies Lr partial-length mainly to provide diameter
To directional stiffness, La partial-length mainly provides axial direction rigidity, by adjusting the ratio and its angle A 1 of Lr and La length,
A2 can effectively adjust product diameter axial direction Rigidity Matching relationship, realize small journal axle than matching relationship, and the matching relationship on a large scale in
Controllably.
The journal axle rigidity ratio of the pivoted arm node is controlled in 40:12.
The mandrel restriction includes the setting hard backstop of axial limiting on mandrel, and control inner sleeve is compressed axially distance,
It is not in excess compression after guaranteeing the precommpression of inner sleeve axial direction；After guaranteeing inner sleeve axial direction precommpression simultaneously, axial outer end face and core
Axis platform terrace is concordant.
The mandrel 4 is multi-diameter shaft, and one section of the length that multi-diameter shaft and inner sleeve match is the length of inner sleeve, so that inner sleeve
Inner sleeve outer end face is concordant with mandrel ladder end face after axial precommpression, controls jumping for inner sleeve；Multi-diameter shaft entire length is pivoted arm
Node card and guarantees the rotation of pivoted arm there are gaps in the width of the intracorporal pivoted arm of vehicle.
The load protective device 10 is that two radial backstops 11 are arranged on mandrel, blocks inner sleeve respectively among mandrel
It is mobile, and an annular groove 12 is radially dug out on the mandrel between two radial backstops, so that in mandrel 4 and vulcanization body component
Between form a space, while the end face that is connected is covered toward mandrel to two vulcanizations in vitro and vulcanizes and forms one between body component
Extend in a space, so that two vulcanizations cover the control of the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel in pivoted arm node in vitro
The radial deformation moving distance that can bear before overload；When the overload occurs, by making the external set of two vulcanizations be connected
End face radially contacts to form overload protection with mandrel.
Two vulcanizations cover the control of the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel in pivoted arm node mistake in vitro
The radial deformation moving distance that can bear before load controls between 3mm-6mm, when so that vulcanization body deformation is excessive, passes through metal
The overload protection of hardness is realized in the contact of part.
By above-mentioned design, so that the pivoted arm node 1 of the present embodiment can effectively prevent pivoted arm node in pivoted arm at runtime
Axial jump in 13 guarantees that product does not loosen in normal operation, and does not ensure product in axial impact also not
There is play, improves whole anti-fatigue performance, meet the requirement of standard EMU.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two and the structure of embodiment one are essentially the same, diameter axial rigidity ratio and the overload protection dress only controlled
Install it is different, for it is a kind of improve high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance method, according to locating for pivoted arm node
Pivoted arm node is divided into two vulcanization bodies and mandrel and is pressed fabricated structure by position, two of them vulcanization body it is mutual to being mounted in
On mandrel, and realize that pivoted arm node vulcanizes the precommpression of body rubber part by the relative position of housing and inner sleeve, it is characterized in that, turn
Arm joint point effectively improves the product tired longevity by implementing radial precompressed and axial precommpression simultaneously to pivoted arm node vulcanization body
Life, and adjust pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity matching；Axially stop block and overload protection dress are set in pivoted arm node simultaneously
It sets, the axial float in pivoted arm node operational process is prevented by axially stop block, pivoted arm is prevented by overload protection arrangement
Node overload operation.
The axial limiting includes that pivoted arm node housing limits, vulcanization body rubber part limits, inner sleeve limits and/or mandrel
The combination for limiting four aspects limits, and is limited by pivoted arm node housing, vulcanization body rubber part limits, inner sleeve limits and/or core
The combination of four aspects of axis limit limits the axial float realized and prevented in pivoted arm node operational process.
It is the housing that vulcanizes body for two to dress that the pivoted arm node housing, which limits, and the end face that two housings are connected
The step structure to match for three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth；Wherein the external set of a vulcanization is female structure, and another external set of vulcanization is outer
Male structure, together by the cooperation assembly and connection of three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth interference.
The two housing matching end face of pivoted arm node in three-stage step structure that the three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth matches
It contacts with each other together after fit on face grouping dress outside housing, and after the interior mating surface part assembling in housing mutually
End face does not contact, and there are gaps, and rim of the mouth position is positioned close to the lower a quarter position of the entire faying face of mandrel, with
When guaranteeing that housing is matched together, the three-stage fit on face part of housing is very close to each other, and has than interior cooperation face
Divide longer contact surface, facilitate the length of control housing and prevents soil from remaining in the gap of housing.
The inner sleeve restriction includes before assembling, vulcanizing external set and inner sleeve axially there are differences in height, inner sleeve is in axis
One section is stretched out to direction；After assembling, it is concordant with mandrel step surface to vulcanize the end face of set outside in vivo after inner sleeve compression,
The outer end face of permanent retention inner sleeve is concordant with mandrel step surface after the axial precommpression of realization, effectively prevent vulcanization body pre compressed magnitude not
Consistent bring axial jump.
The vulcanization body rubber part restriction is to realize by adjusting adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure in pivoted arm section
After point is pressed into pivoted arm and car body, in the case where guaranteeing pivoted arm connection stiffness matching demand, the outer end face and mandrel platform of inner sleeve
Terrace is axially concordant.
The adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure of the adjustment is to adjust L-type rubber bodies Lr partial-length mainly to provide diameter
To directional stiffness, La partial-length mainly provides axial direction rigidity, by adjusting the ratio and its angle A 1 of Lr and La length,
A2 can effectively adjust product diameter axial direction Rigidity Matching relationship, realize small journal axle than matching relationship, and the matching relationship on a large scale in
Controllably.
The journal axle rigidity ratio of the pivoted arm node is controlled in 17.5:10.
The mandrel restriction includes the setting hard backstop of axial limiting on mandrel, and control inner sleeve is compressed axially distance,
It is not in excess compression after guaranteeing the precommpression of inner sleeve axial direction；After guaranteeing inner sleeve axial direction precommpression simultaneously, axial outer end face and core
Axis platform terrace axial end is concordant.
The mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, and one section of the length that multi-diameter shaft and inner sleeve match is the length of inner sleeve, so that inner sleeve
Inner sleeve outer end face is concordant with mandrel ladder end face after axial precommpression, controls jumping for inner sleeve.
The load protective device is that two radial backstops are arranged on mandrel, blocks inner sleeve respectively and moves among mandrel
It is dynamic, and an annular groove is radially dug out on the mandrel between two radial backstops, so that between mandrel and vulcanization body component
A space is formed, while two vulcanizations are covered with the end face being connected in vitro and forms a sky toward between mandrel and vulcanization body component
Interior extension, so that two vulcanizations cover the control of the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel in pivoted arm node overload in vitro
Before the radial deformation moving distance that can bear；When the overload occurs, by making two vulcanizations cover the end face being connected in vitro
It is radial to contact to form overload protection with mandrel.
Two vulcanizations cover the control of the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel in pivoted arm node mistake in vitro
The radial deformation moving distance that can bear before load controls between 6mm-8mm
Above-mentioned listed embodiment, only carries out clear, complete description to technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with attached drawing；It is aobvious
So, described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention has the advantages that
The present invention is by the overall improvement to pivoted arm node, and pivoted arm node is by vulcanizing body reality simultaneously to pivoted arm node
Radial precompressed and axial precommpression is applied to effectively improve pivoted arm node fatigue life, and adjusts pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity
Matching；Axially stop block and overload protection arrangement are set in pivoted arm node simultaneously, pivoted arm is prevented by axially stop block
Axial float in node operational process prevents pivoted arm node overload from running by overload protection arrangement.Have in this way as next
A little advantages:
1, pivoted arm node is by radial and axial two-way precommpression, so that pivoted arm node has when radially, axially carrying
Adjustable surplus, effectively prevent rubber tensional state occur, to improve product fatigue behaviour；
2, the running axial float of pivoted arm node can be effectively controlled by the axial device that limits, guarantees product in normal work
Make not loosen under state, it is ensured that product play does not also occur in axial impact, to reduce wheel to components such as, bearings
Friction has the function of axial locking, anti-channeling, improves the service life taken turns to components such as, bearings；
3, small journal axle can be achieved than matching relationship, and the matching relationship is a wide range of interior controllable.The design side has been utilized at present
The pivoted arm node of case realization 40:12 and 17.5:10 journal axle rigidity ratio；
4, after pivoted arm node population, since design has overload protection arrangement, certain gap is formed between mandrel and housing
H protects rubber bodies not to be damaged when products radial absorbs impact or overloads to adapt to load change.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for improving high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance, according to pivoted arm node present position, by pivoted arm
Node is divided into two vulcanization bodies and mandrel and is pressed fabricated structure, and two of them vulcanize body mutually on mandrel, and pass through
The relative position of housing and inner sleeve realize pivoted arm node vulcanize the precommpression of body rubber body, it is characterised in that: pivoted arm node by pair
Pivoted arm node vulcanization body implements radial precompressed and axial precommpression simultaneously to avoid pivoted arm node from bearing longitudinal force, cross force
When rubber bodies be in tensional state, effectively improve product anti-fatigue performance, while having adjusted pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity；Together
When axially stop block and overload protection arrangement are set in pivoted arm node, prevent pivoted arm node from running by axially stop block
Axial float in the process prevents pivoted arm node overload from running by overload protection arrangement；It is same by vulcanizing body to pivoted arm node
When implement radial precompressed and axial precommpression adjust pivoted arm node diameter, axial rigidity be pivoted arm node housing is implemented it is radial
It shrinks, so that vulcanization body rubber body radial compression, realizes radial rigidity adjustment；It is moved axially simultaneously by the inner sleeve of pivoted arm node
Compression vulcanization body rubber body, realizes axial rigidity adjustment；The axially stop block includes that pivoted arm node housing limits, vulcanizes
Combination in terms of body rubber body limits, inner sleeve limits and mandrel limits four limits, and is limited by pivoted arm node housing, vulcanization body
Combination in terms of rubber bodies limit, inner sleeve limits and mandrel limits four limits the axis realized and prevented in pivoted arm node operational process
To play；Described is that the two whole indentations of vulcanization bodies assembling of pivoted arm node are radial to pivoted arm node housing implementation radial contraction
Extrusion tooling, so that pivoted arm node housing radial contraction, then be pressed into pivoted arm, to implement radial precompressed to vulcanization body rubber body
Contracting；It is by the housing of two vulcanization bodies to dress that the pivoted arm node housing, which limits, and the end face that two housings are connected is three
The step structure that segmentation convex-concave rim of the mouth matches；Wherein the external set of a vulcanization is female structure, and another external set of vulcanization is outer umbo
Structure, together by the cooperation assembly and connection of three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth interference；The housing of pivoted arm node is first matched each other by rim of the mouth
It is fitted together, then is pressed into radial compression tooling entirely through press machine, so that radial compression is integrally formed in pivoted arm node；Radial pressure
The range of contracting is the 5%-15% for vulcanizing body rubber thickness degree；The pivoted arm in step structure that the three-stage convex-concave rim of the mouth matches
It contacts with each other together after the fit on face grouping dress outside housing of two housing matching end face of node, and it is interior in housing
Mutually end face does not contact after the assembling of mating surface part, and there are gaps, and rim of the mouth position is positioned close to the entire combination of mandrel
The lower one third position in face, when to guarantee that housing is matched together, the three-stage fit on face part of housing is without between
Gap, and there is contact surface longer than interior mating surface part, facilitate the length of control housing and prevent soil from remaining in housing
Gap in.
2. improving the method for high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Inner sleeve to limit include before assembling, vulcanizing external set and inner sleeve axial there are difference in height, inner sleeve will stretch out in the axial direction
One section；After assembling, it is concordant with mandrel step surface to vulcanize the end face of set outside in vivo after inner sleeve compression, realizes axial direction precompressed
The outer end face of permanent retention inner sleeve is concordant with mandrel step surface after contracting, effectively prevent the inconsistent bring of axial pre compressed magnitude axial
It jumps；The vulcanization body rubber body restriction is to realize by adjusting adjustable L-type two-part rubber structure in pivoted arm node pressure
Enter to after pivoted arm and vehicle frame, in the case where guaranteeing pivoted arm connection stiffness matching demand, the outer end face and mandrel step surface of inner sleeve
It is axial concordant；The journal axle rigidity ratio of the pivoted arm node can realize 40:12 and 17.5:10.
3. improving the method for high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Mandrel restriction include the setting hard backstop of axial limiting on mandrel, control the distance that is compressed axially of inner sleeve, guarantee that inner sleeve is axial
It is not in excess compression after precommpression；After guaranteeing inner sleeve axial direction precommpression simultaneously, axial outer end face and mandrel step surface are flat
Together；The mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, and one section of the length that multi-diameter shaft and inner sleeve match is the length of inner sleeve, so that inner sleeve is axially pre-
Inner sleeve outer end face is concordant with mandrel ladder end face after compression, controls jumping for inner sleeve.
4. improving the method for high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Overload protection arrangement be that two radial backstops are set on mandrel, it is mobile among mandrel to block inner sleeve respectively, and at two
An annular groove is radially dug out on mandrel between radial backstop, so that forming a sky between mandrel and vulcanization body component
Between, while two vulcanizations are covered in vitro and are prolonged in the space that the end face being connected is formed between mandrel and vulcanization body component
It stretches, two vulcanizations is enabled to cover the distance between the end face radial direction being connected and mandrel control institute before pivoted arm node overload in vitro
The radial deformation moving distance of receiving；When the overload occurs, by make two vulcanizations cover in vitro the end face that is connected radially and
Mandrel contacts to form overload protection.
5. improving the method for high-speed EMUs pivoted arm node anti-fatigue performance as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
It is provided with rounded corner simultaneously on the inside of the radial backstop of two of mandrel, on the inside of the external set connecting end surface of the vulcanization, prevents pivoted arm section
Point rubber deformation in load bearing process, which contacts, to be isolated, and effective protection rubber bodies improve pivoted arm node lifetime；Described two
Vulcanization covers the radial radial direction that can bear before pivoted arm node overload with the distance between mandrel control in the end face being connected in vitro
Displacement distance controlling is between 3mm-8mm.
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| CN109455191A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-12 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Variation rigidity pivoted arm node and with the pivoted arm node one be positioning device |
| CN113770683B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-09-27 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Method for assembling axle box pull rod rubber joint for locomotive |
| CN113958657A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-21 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Axial variable stiffness and deflection variable stiffness adjustment of integral liquid rubber composite node |
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| CN100458209C (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2009-02-04 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Axial precompression method for combined ball hinged rubber elastic element and product obtained thereby |
| CN204194574U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Combined radial precompression mould for rubber bushing |
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