CN107996386A - A kind of offshore spot laver thallus cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of offshore spot laver thallus cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107996386A CN107996386A CN201711495951.0A CN201711495951A CN107996386A CN 107996386 A CN107996386 A CN 107996386A CN 201711495951 A CN201711495951 A CN 201711495951A CN 107996386 A CN107996386 A CN 107996386A
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- lace curtaining
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
A kind of offshore spot laver thallus cultural method, the thallus of porphyra planting and selecting time of low water depth of water are the sea area of 10 m~40m；Seawater velocity should be the m/s of 0.5 m/s~3.5；The mg/m3 of nitrogenous total amount 150mg/m3~500；Using complete floating stream raft frame, raft frame is parallel with winter cardinal wind or trend, and following current of atrying is set, and the surrounding of point some great Qu, great Qu set a diameter of 18mm frames to float well rope, and the frame at tetra- angles of great Qu floats and sky well rope is passed sequentially through at well rope, stake cable is connected fixation with stake root；It is each to divide into several cells greatly, pass through the floating well rope connection lace curtaining in centre in each cell；The corner of lace curtaining is hung in accordingly on floating well rope.Big cell layout is cultivated in addition to operation easy to produce, easy to the nutrition supply of seawater flowing and thallus of porphyra cultivation from sea water advanced influence, can be carried out in deeper sea area.It can guarantee that yield and quality and sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laver culture technology, particularly a kind of offshore spot laver thallus cultural method.
Background technology
At present, jiangsu coast spot laver thallus cultivation there are about 450,000 mu, account for national spot laver thallus cultivation face
Long-pending more than 98%；Jiangsu Province's Porphyra yezoensis has formd more complete conchocelis breeding, thallus cultivation, processing, trade
Industrial chain；2016 years, Jiangsu are total to 1.61 hundred million dollars of the seaweed in inspection and quarantine outlet, and it is purple that Jiangsu Province has become the maximum streak in the whole nation
Dish nursery, cultivation, processing and base for export and foreign exchange earning.
But 2017,1/3 of thallus of porphyra cultivation yield less than normal year of Jiangsu Province, thallus cultivation
Quality is decreased obviously, and the reason for causing this result is many, such as thallus cultivated area cumulative year after year, causes can be used for
Die-off in the space of thallus of porphyra cultivation；Thallus planting density is excessive, and the rotten dish phenomenon of mass-sending property takes place frequently；Thallus cultivation science and technology
Horizontal low, thought of living at the mercy of the elements is still leading；Pollution aggravates, the deterioration of the ecological environment；Seashore wind is high, and the wave is high, thallus cultivation
Risk is big, of high cost, etc..During thallus of porphyra is cultivated, certain sea area, the thallus of porphyra that ocean can be provided is planted
It is limited to train required resource, for example space resources, various fertilizer includes micro- resource etc., these resources once have
Some factor cannot meet that thallus of porphyra cultivates needs, will produce short -board effect, and the yield and quality of seaweed is just big to give a discount
Button, thallus of porphyra cultivation are difficult to continue development to go down.
At present, spot laver thallus cultivation is mainly planted using cultivation mode, thalluses such as half floating stream, inserted link, complete floating streams
The material of the fly rod used or inserted link is trained, more than 60% still use mao bamboon, due to the energy force difference such as mao bamboon is short, resistance to stormy waves, etc.；It is existing
In some sea areas, glass rod substitutes mao bamboon, still, even with fiberglass rod replace traditional thallus of porphyra cultivation inserted link,
Mao bamboon used in fly rod, thallus of porphyra cultivation are also only limitted to the coastal waters within 12m.
Also the ecology of glassware, environmental protection, safety make us querying, such as before processing, the various former material materials of glassware
The environmental protection in itself of production process, raw material, safety problem；In glassware production process, exhaust gas, waste residue harm the problem of；
The problems such as final decomposition, degraded, the burning of glassware are poisoned, soil buries, etc..
To change the status quo, thallus of porphyra cultivation must just extend to deep-sea, so as to obtain the thallus of porphyra of bigger
Cultivate space；It must solve the problems, such as that thallus of porphyra is cultivated to promote to deep-sea and existed, and be planted using scientific and reasonable thallus
Training pattern and thallus cultivation technique, ensure that the sustainable and healthy development of thallus of porphyra cultivation.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in view of the defects of the present invention is to propose one kind ensure yield and quality,
The offshore spot laver thallus cultural method of energy sustainable development.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of offshore Porphyra yezoensis is lobate
Body cultural method, its main feature is that：
Thallus cultivates the selection in sea area
The thallus of porphyra planting and selecting time of low water depth of water is the sea area of 10 m~40m；Thallus cultivation sea area seawater velocity should be
The m/s of 0.5 m/s~3.5；The mg/m3 of nitrogenous total amount 150mg/m3~500；
Using complete floating stream raft frame
Raft frame is parallel with winter cardinal wind or trend, and following current of atrying is set, point some great Qu, and each great Qu is between each other apart
100 m；
Raft frame combines,
The surrounding of great Qu sets a diameter of 18mm frames to float well rope, and the frame at tetra- angles of great Qu, which floats, passes sequentially through sky well rope, stake at well rope
Cable is connected fixation with stake root；
Each to divide into several cells greatly, each cell specification is 200m × 5m, and minizone becomes behaviour every 2 ~ 2.5m, the interval
Make ship navigation passage, personnel's production operation passage, and be conducive to seawater flowing, the nutriment for increasing minizone exchanges, and improves
The yield and quality of seaweed；
Each cell is floated well rope by the middle Fu Gengyu great areas frame of a diameter of 16mm and is connected；It is floating by centre in each cell
The two rows of lace curtainings of well rope connection, often arrange lace curtaining 10；Terminate since one end of every lace curtaining bottom of each cell to the other end, often
2.5m~3m is spaced, laterally puts an environmentally friendly bar；
The corner of lace curtaining is hung in accordingly on floating well rope, environmentally friendly bar many places perforation, and is held in the palm in lace curtaining bottom, is fixed on lace curtaining, often
The both ends of a environmental protection bar, one end are connected with each other by perforating with adjacent environmentally friendly bar, and the other end is fixed on the floating well rope of handing-over；
There is connection stay cord below environmentally friendly bar, connection stay cord one end is connected close to one end of the environmentally friendly bar of floating well rope, and there is fixed extension in one end
Hook；Thallus of porphyra cultivate during, by further tense connection stay cord, and with hook connection, connection stay cord with environmental protection bar it
Between, in a plane vertical with the water surface, mutually support emerges into triangle, seaweed lace curtaining, carries out thallus of porphyra
Do；
Lace curtaining
Lace curtaining specification is the m of long 9 m~9.3m, wide 1.65 m~1.75；Using edged purpose mode, with the mm of 6 mm of diameter~7
Polyethylene rope make side guiding principle, the button nose at corner Ying Liudiao angles；With 6 mm of diameter, the polyethylene lifting rope of the m of 3 m of length~4 passes through floating
Well rope evens up both sides lace curtaining；
Dry in the air net, networking
Lace curtaining, which passes through, buries net, cleaning, drying, repairing,
The lace curtaining put in order is combined, and is combined according to the thickness of marine seedling raising manners and lace curtaining rope；Throw the net with 3~4
Curtain is one group, entirely overlapping, and is spaced l m works one in the head rope and buckles, and makes an entirety, lace curtaining in every networking
Size, it is elastic should be consistent；
Conchospore is collected seedling
Ensure the uniform density of spatfall when collecting seedling；
Sea emergence
（1）The selection of emergence area
Sea area selection for emergence avoids transport from hindering seedling near the sea area for carrying out thallus of porphyra cultivation；The selection of emergence area
In the relatively small place of stormy waves, the loss for the seed being just attached on lace curtaining is reduced；
（2) cat net is done
After breeding screen is plunged into the commercial sea, the 1st cat net is carried out after 3 days~4 days, it is therefore an objective to diatom and the mud scum being attached on lace curtaining are removed,
Keep lace curtaining slightly dry；
Lace curtaining totally without attachment in the case of, solarization 1 time was hung every 1 day, or only in Evening Tide evening tide early（Before 15 DEG C of water temperature）
Cat net is done；When there is frost day, progress cat net is done after daytime temperature rise；
Shine the net time：1st 1.5h, the 2nd 2h~3h, substantially remains within 2h~4h later；
(4) method is done
In the marine emergence of seaweed and thallus cultivation stage, when carrying out seaweed and doing, run with two canoes on cell both sides,
Operated at the same time by two people, the drawstring under draw ring guarantor's bar is hooked with the pole of buckle, wanted when seaweed lace curtaining exposes the surface and reaches technology
When asking, both sides drawstring is tensed and is connected, formed a triangle and do frame；When lace curtaining seaweed, which is done, reaches technical requirements, untie
The drawstring hook on tripod base, seaweed lace curtaining drop into the sea；
（5）Saline treatment
Visually having no seedling, lace curtaining attachment mud scum, when becoming mildewed, using the dehydration property of saturated brine, simulation is done；It can use
Lace curtaining 4min~8min is sprayed when saturated brine is soaked or done.Carried out solarization net after processing again after 1 day；
（6）Other management
Lace curtaining in networking is elastic should be consistent, and whole lace curtaining does not have sagging, repairs facility, the lace curtaining of damage in time；
It was found that lace curtaining is wrapped by greasy filth, do when there is no effect, net should be washed in time with high-pressure pump；
Thallus cultivation management
（1）Subnetting
When seedling is grown to 1 cm~3 cm, seedling separation is carried out in time, and the lace curtaining that will be combined originally, separates monolithic and hang up；
（2）Fertilising
In order to promote the growth of thallus of porphyra, after lace curtaining is done, before lace curtaining will fall into seawater, nitrogenous fertilizer is sprayed to lace curtaining,
With urea, dosage is 1.5 ~ 2kg per acre.
（3）Shine net
Early period is done the time as 3 days~5 days in thallus cultivation, and the duration is 4h~12h, and mid-term is 5 days~7 days, when continuing
Between be 1 day~2 days；Later stage is 7 days~8 days, and the duration is 2 days~3 days.
（4）Receive dish
When lace curtaining perithallium body length is to 15 cm~20 cm, start to harvest；According to water temperature or the speed of growth of frond, every
Harvesting in 7 days~10 days is once；
The former algae of harvesting is transported to seaweed processing factory in time.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be realized further by the following technical programs, be stayed after frond harvesting
Under length be the cm of 5 cm~8.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also realize further by the following technical programs, dry in the air net when,
New net：Scald and boil, soak, drying, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting；
Scald and boil：New lace curtaining with hot water scald and boiled, to remove the grease being infected with lace curtaining production process；
Immersion：Scalding the new net boiled will soak more than 1 month in clean fresh water, further remove and be infected with lace curtaining production process
Grease, then dried and combined；
Old net：Bury, high-pressure pump cleaning in water vat, bury and clean, dry again, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting；
Bury:Cultivate and terminate and after lace curtaining is pulled on bank when seaweed, lace curtaining is embedded in mud pit in time and adds water submerged, bury, mesh
The algae being to speed up on lace curtaining etc. rot；
The lace curtaining buried by more than 6 months bottoms, carries out first pass cleaning, by classes such as water vats after the Spring Festival after disposal site taking-up
Lie on one's side like container, according to the container size such as water vat, lace curtaining is placed on the bottoms such as water vat, is rinsed repeatedly with high-pressure hydraulic pump, until having
Outflow in clear water from container；
Second of flushing：Part frond does not rot clean lace curtaining, need to rinse again again plus water-water reactor hides that it is rotted clean,
Ensure in lace curtaining without influential thing of collecting seedling on conchospore；
Dry, repair：After lace curtaining is cleaned up and dried, lace curtaining repairing is carried out.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also realize further by the following technical programs,
Floating well rope makes of the polyethylene rope or flat rope of the mm of 16 mm of diameter~18, the frame specification that floating well rope is made for 80 m ×
The rectangle of 200m；20m~50m sky well ropes are stopped respectively in frame two；The polyethylene rope or flat rope system of stake cable diameter 20mm
Make, length is 4 times~7 times of the climax depth of water；
With the acacia tree or pine tree of the m of a length of 3 m~5, the stake root of a diameter of 15 cm~20cm is bundled into, the mode such as manually fight
Timber is embedded in seabed, the depth of burying is the m of 2 m~3, exposes mud bottom 1m~2m；
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also realize further by the following technical programs, fly rod, floating drum, floating ball,
80 cm of keg float length, 50 cm of diameter, are anti-aging dedicated float,
Floating ball is 10 cm plastic foam floats of diameter,
Keg float is fixed on the floating well rope at each cell both ends；Floating ball is fixed on the junction of each environmentally friendly bar and floating well rope.
Compared with prior art, the present invention cultivating big cell layout in addition to operation easy to produce, part it also avoid
In sea area, seaweed planting density is excessive etc.；In the thallus cultivation area of this patent, more pipelined channels are all left outside area, so as to
In the nutrition supply of seawater flowing and thallus of porphyra cultivation, while it is unimpeded to also allow for navigation channel.The present invention is from sea water advanced
Influence, can be carried out in deeper sea area.
Clearly and refined it is easy it is ignored wash net, the techniqueflow of networking, avoid traditional shell spore to a certain extent
Son is collected seedling, and the lace curtaining spatfall easily occurred is difficult, abortive haul is more, spatfall is uneven, waste seed, cultivates situations such as failure occurs.
It specify that the problem of doing during seaweed cultivation, including marine emergence and the different time in cultivation stage, different bars
Doing the time, doing mode and points for attention etc. under part.Solves miscellaneous algae attachment issue to a certain extent；Emerge poor, lobate
The problem of body growth is slow, low output；The foster seedling technology mistake in sea causes the problem of seaweed cultivation failure.Deng.
According to the reality of production operation, it is proposed that strong brine handles the problem of seaweed lace curtaining disease.The technology is both to have refrigerated
After the diseases such as net, the miscellaneous algae of acid treatment seaweed, the new technology for handling the diseases such as the miscellaneous algae of seaweed, mud scum of another environmental protection.
During being cultivated for marine seaweed, because caused by subalimentation the problems such as rotten dish, this patent proposes one and applies
The technical standard of fertilizer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the complete floating stream raft frame layout of the present invention；
Fig. 2 does schematic diagram for corner bracket.
Embodiment
Concrete technical scheme of the invention described further below, in order to which those skilled in the art is further understood that
The present invention, without forming the limitation to its right.
A kind of offshore spot laver thallus cultural method,
As shown in the figure：1. empty well rope, 5. lace curtaining of stake cable 2. floating drum, 3. tripod drawstring, 4. floating ball, 6. fly rod（Environmentally friendly bar）It is 7. big
Float on four sides 8. cell of well rope and float 9. cell septal pathways of well rope, 10. corner rope 11. tripod drawstring, 12. tripod in area；
First, the selection in thallus cultivation sea area
The thallus of porphyra planting and selecting time of low water depth of water is the sea area of 10 m~40m；Thallus cultivation sea area seawater velocity should be
The m/s of 0.5 m/s~3.5；The mg/m3 of nitrogenous total amount 150mg/m3~500；
2nd, using complete floating stream raft frame
Raft frame is parallel with winter cardinal wind or trend, and following current of atrying is set, point some great Qu, and each great Qu is between each other apart
100 m；
1st, raft frame combines
Rectangular single frame, is great Qu, and specification is 200m × 80m；The surrounding of great Qu floats well rope with 18mm, in the floating of tetra- angles of great Qu
Well rope passes sequentially through sky well rope, stake cable is connected fixation with stake root.
Each to divide into 11 cells greatly, each cell specification is 200m × 5m, and minizone becomes behaviour every 2.5m, the interval
Make ship navigation passage, personnel's production operation passage, and be conducive to seawater flowing, the nutriment for increasing minizone exchanges, and improves
The yield and quality of seaweed.Each cell has the Fu Gengyu great areas frame of a diameter of 16mm of 3 200m long to float well rope connection（Greatly
Area longitudinal direction narrowing toward each end area shares the floating stalk of 1, frame with great Qu respectively）；Two rows of lace curtainings are connected by the floating well rope in centre in each cell,
Often arrange the lace curtaining 10 of the m of the length of side 9 m~9.3m, wide 1.65 m~1.75.Each cell puts 20 lace curtainings, each great Qu pendulum
220 lace curtainings are put, are 1 mu of calculating according to 180m2, each great Qu puts about 20 mu of lace curtaining.
Terminate since one end of each lace curtaining bottom of each cell to the other end, at interval of 2.5m~3m, laterally put
1 environmentally friendly bar is put, its specification is 70 ㎜ × 60 ㎜ × 2.5m, and each cell often arranges lace curtaining and puts environmentally friendly 67, bar, each cell
134, each great Qu 1474, total length is 3685m.
The corner of lace curtaining is hung in accordingly on floating well rope, environmentally friendly bar many places perforation, and is held in the palm in lace curtaining bottom, is fixed on lace curtaining
On, the both ends of each environmental protection bar, one end is connected with each other by perforating with adjacent environmentally friendly bar, and the other end is fixed on the floating well rope of handing-over
On；There is connection stay cord below environmentally friendly bar, one end is connected close to one end of the environmentally friendly bar of floating well rope, and there is fixed hook in one end；
Thallus of porphyra cultivate during, by further tense drawstring, and with hook connection, drawstring and environmental protection bar between, with the water surface
In a vertical plane, mutually support emerges into triangle, seaweed lace curtaining, carries out thallus of porphyra and does.
2nd, well rope, cable, stake
Floating well rope makes of the polyethylene rope or flat rope of the mm of 16 mm of diameter~18, the frame specification that floating well rope is made for 80 m ×
The rectangle of 200m；The empty well ropes of 20m~50m (5 times of local tidal range~8 times) are stopped respectively in frame two；Stake cable diameter 20mm
Polyethylene rope or flat rope make, length is 4 times~7 times of the climax depth of water.
With the acacia tree of the m of a length of 3 m~5 or pine tree etc., the stake root of a diameter of 15 cm~20cm is bundled into, the side such as manually fight
Timber is embedded in seabed by formula, and the depth of burying is the m of 2 m~3, exposes mud bottom 1m~2m.
3rd, fly rod, floating drum, floating ball
Fly rod is the environmentally friendly bar contemplated, and with the continuous development of scientific technology, can necessarily produce such environmentally friendly bar.It is solved
Determine short mao bamboon length, great work intensity, the shortcomings of being easily broken, and avoided glass bar product ecology that may be present, ring
Protect, security problems.
80 cm of keg float length, 50 cm of diameter, are anti-aging dedicated float.
Floating ball is 10 cm plastic foam floats of diameter.
Keg float is fixed on the floating well rope at each cell both ends；Floating ball is fixed on the junction of each environmentally friendly bar and floating well rope.
4th, collection ship and harvester
According to its standby specification of the width of seaweed lace curtaining and frame.
3rd, lace curtaining
Cable specification can also use 117 strands in right amount based on 108 strands；Polyethylene presses 4 with vinylon：6 ratio and with nine strand three
Mode mix sth. made by twisting；Mesh is the cm of 28 cm~30, is mostly diamond shape；The generally long 9 m~9.3m of lace curtaining specification, wide 1.65 m~
1.75 m；The lace curtaining of diamond mesh, generally uses edged purpose mode, makees side guiding principle with the polyethylene rope of the mm of 6 mm of diameter~7,
The button nose at corner Ying Liudiao angles；With 6 mm of diameter, the polyethylene lifting rope of the m of 3 m of length~4 evens up both sides lace curtaining by floating well rope.
4th, net, networking are washed
Techniqueflow is：
Old net：Bury, high-pressure pump cleaning in water vat, bury and clean, dry again, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting.
New net：Scald and boil, soak, drying, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting.
Scald and boil：New lace curtaining with hot water scald and boiled, to remove the grease being infected with lace curtaining production process.
Immersion：Scalding the new net boiled will soak more than 1 month in clean fresh water, further remove in lace curtaining production process
The grease of contamination, then dried and combined.
Bury:Cultivate and terminate and after lace curtaining is pulled on bank when seaweed, lace curtaining is embedded in mud pit in time and adds water submerged, bury
Hide, it is therefore an objective to accelerate algae on lace curtaining etc. and rot.
First pass cleans：The lace curtaining buried by more than 6 months bottoms, first pass is carried out after the Spring Festival after disposal site taking-up
Cleaning, the similar containers such as water vat are lain on one's side, according to the container size such as water vat, lace curtaining is placed on the bottoms such as water vat, uses high-pressure hydraulic pump
Rinse repeatedly, until there is outflow in clear water from container.
Second of flushing：Part frond does not rot clean lace curtaining, need to rush again again plus water-water reactor hides that it is rotted clean
Wash, ensure in lace curtaining without influential thing of collecting seedling on conchospore.
Dry, repair：After lace curtaining is cleaned up and dried, lace curtaining repairing is carried out, the lace curtaining rope used should be noted that quality, no
Use non-polyvinyl product；Whole process ensures that lace curtaining is not infected with silt, dust, it is ensured that the not water quality caused by lace curtaining problem when collecting seedling
Muddiness, influences progress of collecting seedling.
Networking is with shining net：The lace curtaining dried is combined, and group is carried out according to the thickness of marine seedling raising manners and lace curtaining rope
Close；Throw the net curtain as one group using 3~4, it is entirely overlapping, and in the head rope be spaced l m and make one and buckle, make one it is whole
Body.Per the size of lace curtaining in networking, it is elastic should be consistent.
The lace curtaining not parched completely needs to dry again, it is ensured that lace curtaining does not go mouldy, has peculiar smell caused by moisture is excessive.
Transport：In lace curtaining transportational process, covered using canvas etc., preventing dust in way influences.
5th, conchospore is collected seedling
Conchospore, which is collected seedling, is related to the success or failure of thallus of porphyra cultivation.Suitable density is the guarantee of high yield, must be protected when collecting seedling
Demonstrate,prove the uniform of spatfall.
6th, marine emergence
（1）The selection of emergence area
Follow two principles：Sea area selection for emergence avoids transport from hindering near the sea area for carrying out thallus of porphyra cultivation
Seedling；Area's selection of emerging just is attached to the loss of the seed on lace curtaining in the relatively small place of stormy waves, reduction.
（2) cat net is done
After breeding screen is plunged into the commercial sea, the 1st cat net is carried out after 3d~4d, it is therefore an objective to remove and be attached to diatom and mud scum on lace curtaining, one
As keep lace curtaining it is slightly dry, drying time is no more than 1.5h.
Lace curtaining totally without attachment in the case of, hang solarization 1 time every 1d, or only in Evening Tide evening tide early（15 DEG C of water temperature it
Before）Cat net is done；When there is frost day, progress cat net is done after daytime temperature rise.
It is general to shine the net time：1st 1.5h, the 2nd 2h~3h, substantially remains within 2h~4h later.
Grasp principle：Keep extending seaweed growth time as far as possible while lace curtaining is clean.
(4) method is done
In the marine emergence of seaweed and thallus cultivation stage, when carrying out seaweed and doing, two canoes are run on cell both sides, by
Two people operate at the same time, and hooking draw ring with the pole of buckle protects drawstring under bar, when seaweed lace curtaining exposes the surface and reaches technical requirements
When, both sides drawstring is tensed and is connected, a triangle is formed and does frame；When lace curtaining seaweed, which is done, reaches technical requirements, three are untied
The drawstring hook on corner bracket base, seaweed lace curtaining drop into the sea.
Receive dish or other management are cultivated with reference to traditional seaweed
（5）Saline treatment
Visually having no seedling, lace curtaining attachment mud scum, when becoming mildewed, using the dehydration property of saturated brine, simulation is done；It can use
Lace curtaining 4min~8min is sprayed when saturated brine is soaked or done.Carry out the work such as solarization net after processing again after 1d.
（6）Other management（Corpus hemorrhagicum word is traditional thallus cultivation mode（Method）Also the part used）
Lace curtaining in networking is elastic should be consistent, and whole lace curtaining does not have sagging, repairs facility, the lace curtaining of damage in time.
It was found that lace curtaining is wrapped by greasy filth, do when there is no effect, should can in time wash net with high-pressure pump.
7th, thallus cultivation management
（1）Subnetting
When seedling is grown to 1 cm~3 cm, seedling separation is carried out in time, and the lace curtaining that will be combined originally, separates monolithic and hang up.
（2）Fertilising
In order to promote the growth of thallus of porphyra, nitrogen can be sprayed to lace curtaining after lace curtaining is done, before lace curtaining will fall into seawater
Fertilizer, is each great Qu generally with urea, dosage（20 mu）35kg.
（3）Shine net
Thallus cultivates early period（Before the Spring Festival）It is 3d~5d to do the time, and the duration is 4h~12h, mid-term（After the Spring Festival~3
The middle of the month）For 5d~7d, the duration is 1d~2d；Later stage（To after mid-April after the Spring Festival）For 7d~8d, the duration is
2d~3d.
8th, dish is received
When lace curtaining perithallium body length is to 15 cm~20 cm, start to harvest；According to water temperature or the speed of growth of frond, every
The d of 7 d~10 can be harvested once；Cheng Caike, which was harvested to mid-March in next year~mid-April, to be terminated.
The length that leaves is advisable with the cm of 5 cm~8 after frond harvesting.
9th, points for attention
（1）On doing
Do time and duration, as the case may be depending on；
Strong illumination is avoided, as far as possible using method of drying in the shade；
When haze, strong wind, dense fog and temperature are less than -7 DEG C, net should not be shone；
Seaweed harvesting gap should shine net once, generally be carried out at the end of harvesting seaweed every time is firm.
(2) on receiving dish
It should concentrate strength on tissue rush-harvest before strong wind；
Frequently to harvest, prevent from causing diatom etc. to adhere to because growth time is long；
The former algae of harvesting should load transport in the containers such as bamboo basket；
The former algae of harvesting should be transported to seaweed processing factory in time.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. offshore spot laver thallus cultural method, it is characterised in that：First, the selection in thallus cultivation sea areaThe thallus of porphyra planting and selecting time of low water depth of water is the sea area of 10 m~40m；Thallus cultivation sea area seawater velocity should be The m/s of 0.5 m/s~3.5；The mg/m3 of nitrogenous total amount 150mg/m3~500；2nd, using complete floating stream raft frameRaft frame is parallel with winter cardinal wind or trend, and following current of atrying is set, point some great Qu；Raft frame combines, and the surrounding of great Qu sets frame to float well rope, and the frame at tetra- angles of great Qu, which floats, passes sequentially through sky well rope, stake cable at well rope Fixation is connected with stake root；Each to divide into several cells greatly, every 2 ~ 2.5m, which becomes operation ship navigation passage, personnel's production exercise for minizone Make passage, and be conducive to seawater flowing, the nutriment for increasing minizone exchanges, and improves the yield and quality of seaweed；Each cell is floated well rope by middle Fu Gengyu great areas frame and is connected；Pass through the floating two rows of nets of well rope connection in centre in each cell Curtain, often arranges lace curtaining 10；Terminate since one end of every lace curtaining bottom of each cell to the other end, at interval of 2.5m~ 3m, laterally puts an environmentally friendly bar；The corner of lace curtaining is hung in accordingly on floating well rope, environmentally friendly bar perforation, and is held in the palm in lace curtaining bottom, is fixed on lace curtaining, Mei Gehuan The both ends of bar are protected, one end is connected with each other by perforating with adjacent environmentally friendly bar, and the other end is fixed on the floating well rope of handing-over；In environmental protection There is connection stay cord below bar, connection stay cord one end is connected close to one end of the environmentally friendly bar of floating well rope, and there is fixed hook in one end； During thallus of porphyra is cultivated, connection stay cord is tensed by furthering, and is connected with hook, between connection stay cord and environmentally friendly bar, In a plane vertical with the water surface, mutually support emerges into triangle, seaweed lace curtaining, carries out thallus of porphyra and does；3rd, lace curtainingLace curtaining specification is the m of long 9 m~9.3m, wide 1.65 m~1.75；Using edged purpose mode, with the mm of 6 mm of diameter~7 Rope make side guiding principle, the button nose at corner Ying Liudiao angles；Both sides lace curtaining is evened up by floating well rope with lifting rope；4th, dry in the air net, networkingLace curtaining, which passes through, buries net, cleaning, drying, repairing,The lace curtaining put in order is combined, and is combined according to the thickness of marine seedling raising manners and lace curtaining rope；Throw the net with 3~4 Curtain is one group, entirely overlapping, and is spaced l m works one in the head rope and buckles, and makes an entirety, lace curtaining in every networking Size, it is elastic should be consistent；5th, conchospore is collected seedlingEnsure the uniform density of spatfall when collecting seedling；6th, marine emergence（1）The selection of emergence areaSea area selection for emergence avoids transport from hindering seedling near the sea area for carrying out thallus of porphyra cultivation；The selection of emergence area In the relatively small place of stormy waves, the loss for the seed being just attached on lace curtaining is reduced；（2) cat net is doneAfter breeding screen is plunged into the commercial sea, the 1st cat net is carried out after 3 days~4 days, it is therefore an objective to diatom and the mud scum being attached on lace curtaining are removed, Keep lace curtaining slightly dry；Lace curtaining totally without attachment in the case of, solarization 1 time was hung every 1 day, or only in Evening Tide evening tide early（Before 15 DEG C of water temperature） Cat net is done；When there is frost day, progress cat net is done after daytime temperature rise；Shine the net time：1st 1.5h, the 2nd 2h~3h, substantially remains within 2h~4h later；(4) method is doneIn the marine emergence of seaweed and thallus cultivation stage, when carrying out seaweed and doing, run with two canoes on cell both sides, Operated at the same time by two people, the drawstring under draw ring guarantor's bar is hooked with the pole of buckle, wanted when seaweed lace curtaining exposes the surface and reaches technology When asking, both sides drawstring is tensed and is connected, formed a triangle and do frame；When lace curtaining seaweed, which is done, reaches technical requirements, untie The drawstring hook on tripod base, seaweed lace curtaining drop into the sea；（5）Saline treatmentVisually having no seedling, lace curtaining attachment mud scum, when becoming mildewed, using the dehydration property of saturated brine, simulation is done；It can use Lace curtaining 4min~8min is sprayed when saturated brine is soaked or done.
- 2. carried out solarization net again after 1 day after processing；（6）Other managementLace curtaining in networking is elastic should be consistent, and whole lace curtaining does not have sagging, repairs facility, the lace curtaining of damage in time；It was found that lace curtaining is wrapped by greasy filth, do when there is no effect, net should be washed in time with high-pressure pump；7th, thallus cultivation management（1）SubnettingWhen seedling is grown to 1 cm~3 cm, seedling separation is carried out in time, and the lace curtaining that will be combined originally, separates monolithic and hang up；（2）FertilisingIn order to promote the growth of thallus of porphyra, after lace curtaining is done, before lace curtaining will fall into seawater, nitrogenous fertilizer is sprayed to lace curtaining, With urea, dosage is 1.5 ~ 2kg per acre；（3）Shine netEarly period is done the time as 3 days~5 days in thallus cultivation, and the duration is 4h~12h, and mid-term is 5 days~7 days, when continuing Between be 1 day~2 days；Later stage is 7 days~8 days, and the duration is 2 days~3 days；8th, dish is receivedWhen lace curtaining perithallium body length is to 15 cm~20 cm, start to harvest；According to water temperature or the speed of growth of frond, every Harvesting in 7 days~10 days is once；The former algae of harvesting is transported to seaweed processing factory in time.
- 3. offshore spot laver thallus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Left after frond harvesting Length be the cm of 5 cm~8.
- 4. offshore spot laver thallus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dry in the air netNew net：Scald and boil, soak, drying, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting；Scald and boil：New lace curtaining with hot water scald and boiled, to remove the grease being infected with lace curtaining production process；Immersion：Scalding the new net boiled will soak more than 1 month in clean fresh water, further remove and be infected with lace curtaining production process Grease, then dried and combined；Old net：Bury, high-pressure pump cleaning in water vat, bury and clean, dry again, repairing, networking, dry, collect again, transporting；Bury:Cultivate and terminate and after lace curtaining is pulled on bank when seaweed, lace curtaining is embedded in mud pit in time and adds water submerged, bury, mesh The algae being to speed up on lace curtaining etc. rot；The lace curtaining buried by more than 6 months bottoms, carries out first pass cleaning, by classes such as water vats after the Spring Festival after disposal site taking-up Lie on one's side like container, according to the container size such as water vat, lace curtaining is placed on the bottoms such as water vat, is rinsed repeatedly with high-pressure hydraulic pump, until having Outflow in clear water from container；Second of flushing：Part frond does not rot clean lace curtaining, need to rinse again again plus water-water reactor hides that it is rotted clean, Ensure in lace curtaining without influential thing of collecting seedling on conchospore.
- 5. offshore spot laver thallus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Floating well rope diameter 16 The polyethylene rope or flat rope of the mm of mm~18 makes, and the frame specification that floating well rope is made is the rectangle of 80 m × 200m；Frame two Head stops 20m~50m sky well ropes respectively；Stake cable makes of the polyethylene rope or flat rope of diameter 20mm, and length is the 4 of the climax depth of water Times~7 times；Timber is embedded in seabed as stake root by the mode such as manually fight, and the depth of burying is the m of 2 m~3, exposes mud bottom 1m ~2m.
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| CN115380814A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-25 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Porphyra yezoensis plant factory production system and method |
| GB2616867A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-27 | Seagrown Ltd | Macroalgae cultivation |
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