CN107984299A - Adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system and method - Google Patents
Adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107984299A CN107984299A CN201711275956.2A CN201711275956A CN107984299A CN 107984299 A CN107984299 A CN 107984299A CN 201711275956 A CN201711275956 A CN 201711275956A CN 107984299 A CN107984299 A CN 107984299A
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- knife
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- tool setting
- magnet base
- sensing device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system and method, which includes piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device, polytypic magnetic erecting device, charge amplifying circuit module, data collection processor, sensing display output device.Wherein, piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is sensor, is installed on by polytypic magnetic erecting device on cutter, workpiece or fixture；The piezoelectric ceramic vibration piezoelectric signal that data collection processor collection is amplified through charge amplifying circuit module, and sensor display output device is input to, so as to judge and export to knife result.The system is not only simple in structure, have adaptivity for random appearance, various sizes of part, different form processing, and can be monitored and feed back in real time during to knife, and effective guarantee processes the stability, reliability and accuracy to knife process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precision finishing machine, especially a kind of Precision Machining automatic tool setting system.
Background technology
Precision processing technology is to adapt to the advanced manufacturing technology that Modern High-Tech's needs grow up, and is other high-new
The basis that technology is implemented.And NC super machining lathe is to influence machining accuracy and processing efficiency on knife precision and operability
Key factor.There is the problems such as inconvenient to knife, inaccurate always in precision machining processes, tradition pops one's head in, to knife knife
The offline precision that may influence processing because of the turn error produced in main shaft rotary course on knife mode such as instrument, and
Using listening cutting sound, see the manual methods such as chip, but there are efficiency it is low, cutter often occurs to knife low precision, to knife process
Cut the situation that workpiece is too deep or is collided with workpiece.Therefore, how in real processing environment, for the essence of different processing conditions
Close processing realizes adaptively online to knife, while ensures that to the precision and efficiency of knife be industry concern all the time,
Due to the diversity of form processing in precision machining processes, process the diversity of part, machined parameters it is uncertain
Property, cause to cover all possible scene to the factor that knife process considers.This patent considers a variety of Precision Machining modes, passes through
Sensor adapts to processing conditions and processing environment, is realized in machining process based on the adaptive right of vibrating sensing change
Knife, ensures accuracy of the precision machining processes to knife.
Current precision optical machinery manufacture field, for presetting cutter method before processing and technology, mainly includes：
1. manual measurement of method is to the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery：The test of relative position before being processed including clearance gauge, master bar, amesdial etc.
With determine so that in digital control system set to knife amount.The defects of this mode to knife, is：(1) will to test to knife precision
Ask high, easy test generation error；(2) it is low to knife efficiency, it is necessary to confirm repeatedly to knife parameter：(3) automatization level is low, relies on
The experience of operating personnel.So horizontal Precision Machining for falling behind, being difficult to realize automation of the presetting cutter method.
The vision of 2. traditional spark of method (chip) is to knife recognition methods：It can pass through spark (chip) for working angles
To judge whether cutter and workpiece produce working angles.Although this method is simple, can be by manually carrying out passing through
Shooting handle, but there are it is obvious the defects of：(1) vision system is relied on, is influenced by processing environment (cutting fluid, cutting illuminate)
Greatly；(2) it is difficult to adapt to the processing of material of the no-spark without obvious chip；(3) recognition efficiency is low；(4) to different processing methods
Without adaptability.So this can not realize adaptivity to the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery, mismachining tolerance is easy to cause
3. tool setting gauge of method is to knife：By dedicated tool setting gauge device, numerical control machine high accurate, efficiently and safely right is realized
Knife.But as the presetting cutter method of modernization, still remain following defect：(1) device-specificization is high, is mainly used for digital control processing
Center, a variety of processing method bad adaptabilities；(2) tool setting gauge cost is higher, installs and uses complexity.So the presetting cutter method is equally deposited
Obvious in customizations, bad adaptability, install the problems such as complicated.
The major defect of the prior art is in summary：
1. pair knife technology is subject to mutual restriction and limitation in terms of the precision, cost and efficiency to knife；
2. the application field of pair knife technology is single, the use of presetting cutter method relies on different form processing and processing object；
3. presetting cutter method adaptivity is poor, it is impossible to ensures the requirement of compound processing method.
For disadvantages described above, it is accordingly required in particular to it is a kind of simple, practical and reliable, while it is suitable for a variety of Precision Machining forms
Automation tool setting device, to meet the precision machined needs of growing multi items Alternative.
The content of the invention
It is a kind of suitable for the adaptive online of any process the purpose of the present invention is being provided for present machinery industry
Setting system and method, the system are not only simple in structure, for random appearance, various sizes of part, different form processing tools
There is adaptivity, and can be monitored and feed back in real time during to knife, effective guarantee processing is to the steady of knife process
Qualitative, reliability and accuracy.
In order to realize the above object the technical scheme is that：A kind of adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system,
Including piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device, polytypic magnetic erecting device, charge amplifying circuit module, data collection processor,
Sense display output device.Wherein, piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is sensor, is installed by polytypic magnetic erecting device
On cutter, workpiece or fixture；The piezoelectric ceramic vibration that data collection processor collection is amplified through charge amplifying circuit module
The piezoelectric signal of sensing device output, and sensor display output device is input to, so as to judge and export to knife result.
Piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device includes mass block, protective cover, pre-load nut, double thread tube support, piezoelectric ceramics
Element, mounting seat, install piezo ceramic element, quality successively from bottom to up on the double thread tube support at diagonal center
Block, pre-load nut, double thread tube support are connected with mounting seat, when producing vibration change to knife process, are perceived by mass block
The vibration signal change of installation position, so that the change for the effect output charge for passing through piezo ceramic element, is realized to knife.
The polytypic magnetic erecting device includes I types magnet base, L-type magnet base, O-shaped magnet base, V-type magnet base.
The O-shaped magnet base is used for the installation for being easily placed the flat-type of tool setting device, and V-type magnet base is used for realizing axis class
Outer surface is reliably installed, and I types magnet base is used to not influence finished surface, can aid in the installation used, L-type magnet base is used for
The processing installation of some anisotropic approach.
A kind of application method of adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system, its step are：
Before use, first, the double thread tube support installation of square body diagonal angle is carried out in mounting seat, to
Piezo ceramic element and mass block are placed, and carries out by pre-load nut preloading loading, so as to form multi-direction conduction
Vibrate piezoelectricity output sensory perceptual system；And piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is installed by protective cover, guarantee to adapt to
Diversified processing environment and condition；
Then piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is installed on tool-workpiece processing system using polytypic magnetic erecting device
On the irrotational motion component of system, ensure the installation either processing in which direction afterwards, matter can be made by conduct vibrations
Gauge block acts on the change that piezo ceramic element produces electric charge；
Before processing, piezoelectric charge produces voltage by charge amplifying circuit module, forms the vibration under non-processing state
Signal characteristic, to knife when, are processed the feeding in direction using digital control system, when cutter and workpiece produce micro cutting effect,
It can attempt to the vibration signal under knife-like state, data collection processor is identified and exported to knife as a result, adding so as to perform in real time
Engineering sequence.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) patent of the present invention is designed using multidirectional conducting structure, and combines a variety of installation magnetic bases, can be passed through
Different structure form is installed to ensure the processing request of different form processings, different processing environments and different processing parts, from
And it ensure that the adaptivity to knife.
(2) exported by using piezoelectric voltage, Signal sampling and processing carries out knife signal to implement judgement and output, and adopts
Knife result is indicated to realize with indicator light and I/O signal mode, combining with digital control system can realize the automation to knife, ensure
To the efficiency of knife.
(3) precision of tool setting device hardware can be adjusted by adjusting piezoelectric ceramics and charge amplifying circuit, in conjunction with right
Knife decision algorithm to the feeding resolution match with lathe, can will meet knife precision so as to greatly improve knife precision improvement
Various precision machined requirements.
(4) knife can be realized online to knife in linear and precision, tool setting device, while can be with by vibrating piezoelectric signal
Ensure the high-resolution and accuracy to knife.
(5) direction and different installation are sensed by body diagonal, it is ensured that any direction detected to knife,
Improve the adaptability of installation.
(6) a variety of magnetic-type mounting means are used, the process of any form processing, only needs wherein part, fixture
Or main shaft frame can carry out magnetic absorption, it is possible to adaptively carry out the cutting of different processing methods to knife.
(7) to the readability and controllability of knife result, by data collection processor output and reality to knife result so that
Knife result can manually be read, can also be interacted by IO communication modes and digital control system, realize automation to knife
And processing.
(8) the real-time monitoring and data acquisition to knife process and process can be realized, to carry out follow-up analysis
Processing, ensures the precision and quality of processing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the adaptive adaptive online setting system schematic diagram for any process of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device；
Fig. 3 is the H of Fig. 2 to axonometric drawing；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of polytypic magnetic erecting device；
Wherein：(a) O-shaped magnet base, (b) I type magnet bases, (c) L-type magnet base, (d) V-type magnet base；
Fig. 5 is the exemplary application three-dimensional axonometric drawing of the adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system of the present invention；
Wherein：(a) it is used for flat-type part, (b) is used for groove class part, and (c) is used for different in nature class class part, and (d) is used for axis
Class part.
Wherein, 1- piezoelectric ceramic vibrations sensing device, 2- polytypic magnetic erecting device, 3- sensings display output device,
4- mass blocks, 5- protective covers, 6- pre-load nuts, 7- double threads tube support, 8- piezo ceramic elements, 9- mounting seats, 10- are led
Line, 11-O types magnet base, 12-I types magnet base, 13-L types magnet base, 14-V type magnetic supports.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the detailed description present invention and operation principle.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system, including piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device 1,
Polytypic magnetic erecting device 2, charge amplifying circuit module, data collection processor, sensing display output device 3.Wherein press
Electroceramics vibration sensing device 1 is sensor, is installed on by polytypic magnetic erecting device 2 on cutter, workpiece or fixture；
The piezoelectricity that piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device 1 of the data collection processor collection through the amplification of charge amplifying circuit module exports is believed
Number, and sensor display output device 3 is input to, so as to judge and export to knife result.
Such as Fig. 2, shown in 3, piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device 1 includes mass block 4, protective cover 5, pre-load nut 6, double thread
Tube support 7, piezo ceramic element 8, mounting seat 9.Pacify successively from bottom to up on the double thread tube support 7 at diagonal center
Piezo ceramic element 8, mass block 4, pre-load nut 6 are filled, double thread tube support 7 is connected with mounting seat 9, can so use folk prescription
The vibration of processing all directions is picked up to piezoelectric ceramics, when system produces vibration change to knife process, mass block 4 is added in piezoelectricity
Power on ceramic component 8 changes therewith, causes the piezoelectric charge of output to produce change, and installation position is perceived by mass block 4
Vibration signal changes, so that the change for the effect output charge for passing through piezo ceramic element 8, is realized to knife.
Piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device 1 is examined by the magnetic absorption of polytypic magnetic erecting device 2 in test surfaces
Survey to knife signal, the integrality of tested object is ensure that, as long as system can be achieved with installing there are ferromagnetic material；It is at the same time
Several magnetic installation magnetic supports for different size different model of uniting, ensureing the installation of any part of any processing method can realize certainly
Adapt to knife.
Such as Fig. 4 (a), (b), (c), (d) and Fig. 5 (a), (b), (c), is several typical process parts (or knife shown in (d)
Tool) scheme of installation, be easily placed the technical process of tool setting device in flat-type etc., O-shaped magnet base 11 can be used；In axis
Class outer surface can realize reliable installation when mounting condition with magnetic 14 of V-type；When External Shape, there are mounting condition
Do not allow (outer surface is used for clamping), in order not to influence finished surface, can aid in using I types magnet base 12；And when some are different
Property structure processing when, the models such as L-type magnet base 13 can be aided with, can detect on knife signal but also not influence original processing bar
Part.
The system and method for the present invention can realize the setting of sensor, data record, outputting communication on computers, from
And realize display and communication to knife result, and can further realize and be interacted with numerically-controlled machine tool numerical control port.
Before use, first, the double thread tube support installation of square body diagonal angle is carried out in mounting seat, to
Piezo ceramic element and mass block are placed, and carries out by pre-load nut preloading loading, so as to form multi-direction conduction
Vibrate piezoelectricity output sensory perceptual system；And piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is installed by protective cover, guarantee to adapt to
Diversified processing environment and condition.
Then piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is installed on tool-workpiece processing system using polytypic magnetic erecting device
On the irrotational motion component of system, ensure the installation either processing in which direction afterwards, matter can be made by conduct vibrations
Gauge block acts on the change that piezo ceramic element produces electric charge.
Before processing, piezoelectric charge produces voltage by charge amplifying circuit module, forms the vibration under non-processing state
Signal characteristic.The feeding in direction is processed during to knife using digital control system, when cutter and workpiece generation micro cutting effect,
It can attempt to the vibration signal under knife-like state, data collection processor is identified and exported to knife as a result, adding so as to perform in real time
Engineering sequence.
The precision presetting cutter method and being depended on to knife principle for device are vibrated, and either how many cutting outputs can all be produced and shaken
Dynamic change, it on knife Precision Theory with the lowest resolution of machine tool feed to can match.In addition, setting system is performing
After knife process, the stability in process can be monitored in real time, protected from each side such as tool wear, workpiece dynamic stiffness demands
The quality and precision of processing are demonstrate,proved.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system, including piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device, polytypic magnetic peace
Assembling device, charge amplifying circuit module, data collection processor, sensing display output device, it is characterised in that：The piezoelectricity pottery
Porcelain vibration sensing device is sensor, is installed on by polytypic magnetic erecting device on cutter, workpiece or fixture；Data are adopted
The piezoelectric signal that piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device of the set processor collection through the amplification of charge amplifying circuit module exports, and input
To sensor display output device, so as to judge and export to knife result.
2. adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The piezoelectric ceramics
Vibration sensing device includes mass block (4), protective cover (5), pre-load nut (6), double thread tube support (7), piezo ceramic element
(8), mounting seat (9), piezo ceramic element is installed on the double thread tube support (7) at diagonal center successively from bottom to up
(8), mass block (4), pre-load nut (6), double thread tube support (7) are connected with mounting seat (9), and vibration is being produced to knife process
During change, the vibration signal that installation position is perceived by mass block (4) changes, so that defeated by the effect of piezo ceramic element (8)
Go out the change of electric charge, realize to knife.
3. adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The polytypic magnetic
Inhaling erecting device includes I types magnet base (12), L-type magnet base (13), O-shaped magnet base (11), V-type magnet base (14).
4. adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The O-shaped magnetism
Seat (11) is used for the installation for being easily placed the flat-type of tool setting device, and V-type magnet base (14) is used for realizing that axis class outer surface is reliable
Installation, I types magnet base (12) is used to not influence finished surface, can aid in the installation used, L-type magnet base (13) is used for one
A little anisotropic approach processing installations.
5. a kind of application method of any adaptive Precision Machining automatic tool setting systems of claim 1-4, its feature exist
In its step is：Before use, first, the double thread tube support installation of square body diagonal angle is carried out in mounting seat,
To place piezo ceramic element and mass block, and carry out by pre-load nut preloading loading, so as to form multi-direction biography
The vibration piezoelectricity output sensory perceptual system led；And piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is installed by protective cover, is guaranteed
Adapt to diversified processing environment and condition；Then piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing device is pacified using polytypic magnetic erecting device
On the irrotational motion component of tool-workpiece system of processing, ensure the installation either processing in which direction afterwards, all may be used
To make mass block act on the change that piezo ceramic element produces electric charge by conduct vibrations；Before processing, piezoelectric charge passes through
Charge amplifying circuit module produces voltage, forms the vibration signal characteristics under non-processing state, during to knife using digital control system into
The feeding of row machine direction, when cutter and workpiece generation micro cutting effect, i.e., can attempt to the vibration signal under knife-like state,
Data collection processor is identified and exported to knife as a result, so as to perform processing program in real time.
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