CN107982439B - Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, preparation method thereof and extraction method of dendrobium officinale - Google Patents
Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, preparation method thereof and extraction method of dendrobium officinale Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/898—Orchidaceae (Orchid family)
- A61K36/8984—Dendrobium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/25—Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
- A61K36/258—Panax (ginseng)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/41—Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4866—Organic macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, a preparation method thereof and an extraction method of dendrobium officinale, belonging to the technical field of health care products, wherein the capsule contains a dendrobium officinale extract, and the dendrobium officinale extract is assisted by glass beads in the extraction process, so that effective components in the dendrobium officinale are fully released, and the extract has a better health care effect on a human body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of health products, and particularly relates to a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fatigue is a common problem in daily life, and is a state which is highlighted by chronic or repeated-attack extreme fatigue and is often accompanied by inattention, headache, sore throat, arthralgia, low fever, neuropsychiatric symptoms and other non-specific manifestations under a modern high-efficiency and fast-paced lifestyle. Can be classified into consumptive disease, insomnia, palpitation, depression, and visceral dryness in traditional Chinese medicine. For instance, it is manifested as consumptive disease, palpitation, shortness of breath and dryness of the zang-fu organs in the theory of jin Kui Yao L ü e. With the rapid development of society, the rhythm of work, study and life of people is obviously accelerated, the pressure in all aspects is increased, more and more people are in the states of low immunity and over fatigue, and the normal work and life quality of people are seriously influenced.
Health-care food which mainly has the functions of enhancing immunity and relieving physical fatigue in the market at present mainly comprises the following components: nutrient supplements, pollens, royal jelly, propolis, traditional Chinese medicine extracts and the like. For example, the extract of dendrobium officinale can be used, but most of the existing extract of dendrobium officinale is extracted from leaves of dendrobium officinale after grinding, and the effective components of the extract obtained by the extraction method are low because more effective components of dendrobium officinale are concentrated in stems, but the effective components are difficult to extract from the stems of dendrobium officinale by adopting a water extraction method and other methods because the tissues of the stems are compact and have high density.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an extraction method of dendrobium officinale, which can fully release effective components in the stem of the dendrobium officinale and greatly improve the effective extraction rate of the dendrobium officinale.
The invention also aims to provide the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, wherein the dendrobium officinale extract is extracted by using a more effective extraction method of the dendrobium officinale, and is scientifically compatible with other extracts, so that the anti-fatigue effect of the medicine can be obviously improved.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, so as to prepare the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 4-6 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 5-8 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 18-22 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 7-10 parts by weight of starch, wherein the dendrobium officinale extract is prepared in the following mode: cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, extracting with water, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating, and drying.
Wherein the water extraction comprises: mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads, heating to 70-80 deg.C, maintaining for 10-20min, cooling to 20-30 deg.C, filtering, and collecting to obtain water extractive solution, wherein the glass beads comprise first glass beads and second glass beads, the first glass beads have a density less than that of water, and the second glass beads have a density greater than that of water.
The invention provides a preparation method of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, which is to mix the dendrobium officinale extract, the American ginseng extract, the rhodiola rosea extract and starch and then package the mixture in the capsule.
The invention provides an extraction method of dendrobium officinale, which comprises the steps of cleaning dry stems of dendrobium officinale, carrying out water extraction, combining water extraction solutions, concentrating and drying to obtain an extract.
Wherein the water extraction comprises: mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads, heating to 70-80 deg.C, maintaining for 10-20min, cooling to 20-30 deg.C, filtering, and collecting to obtain water extractive solution, wherein the glass beads comprise first glass beads and second glass beads, the first glass beads have a density less than that of water, and the second glass beads have a density greater than that of water.
The beneficial effects of the preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows:
according to the extraction method of the dendrobium officinale provided by the invention, the dry stems of the dendrobium officinale are selected as raw materials, in the extraction process, the stems of the dendrobium officinale are extruded and broken by using the movement of glass beads with different densities in the heating process, so that the effective components of the stems of the dendrobium officinale are fully released into the solution, and compared with the extraction method adopting stirring, crushing and the like, the fine tissues of the stems cannot enter the solution system to influence the purity of the finally obtained extract and the taste of the prepared extract.
And along with active ingredient's release, the density of solution system increases gradually, the glass pearl receives the buoyancy grow of solution system, and along with the temperature rise of solution system, the range increase of glass pearl heating motion, it is more strong to the extrusion broken wall effect of the stem of dendrobii officmalis caulis, the temperature increases simultaneously, dendrobii officmalis caulis's stem tissue also can receive high temperature thereupon and destroy, further make the active ingredient release, in the dendrobii officmalis caulis extract product that makes through above-mentioned method, the active ingredient content is showing to be increased, the dendrobii officmalis caulis utilization ratio obtains showing the promotion simultaneously.
Due to the improvement of the effective components in the dendrobium officinale extract, the health care effect, the anti-fatigue effect and the immunity enhancing effect of the dendrobium officinale extract on human bodies are also obviously enhanced. And then the extract is scientifically matched with the American ginseng extract and the rhodiola rosea extract, so that the obtained dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule has excellent health care and curative effects.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following specifically describes the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules, the preparation method thereof and the extraction method of dendrobium officinale in the embodiment of the invention.
As one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for extracting dendrobium officinale, comprising the following steps:
cleaning dried stems of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, extracting with water, mixing water extractive solutions obtained by each water extraction, wherein the water extraction can be performed at least once or multiple times. Then combining the water extract, concentrating and drying to obtain an extract;
wherein the water extraction comprises: cleaning dried stem, mixing with water and glass beads, wherein the glass beads are SiO2The material can be made into hollow glass beads according to the specific density requirement. In order to avoid introducing unnecessary impurities into the glass beads in the extraction process, the glass beads can be subjected to (HF acid) acid washing and then deionized water washing before extraction, so that impurities which can be dissolved in water are prevented from being introduced into the extracting solution, and the extracting solution is prevented from being polluted.
The glass beads include first glass beads having a density less than that of water and second glass beads having a density greater than that of water. Wherein the first glass beads are preferably hollow glass beads having an average density in the range of 0.8 to 0.9g/cm3Preferably, the density may be in the range of 0.8 to 0.9g/cm3The density difference between the various types of glass beads and water is small, so that the buoyancy force of the first glass beads is relatively small, and the movement speed of the first glass beads in the solution system is relatively slow. The second glass beads have an average density in the range of 1.01 to 1.05g/cm3Preferably, the density may be in the range of 1.01 to 1.05g/cm3The density difference between the same second glass beads and a water system is relatively small, the movement speed of the second glass beads is relatively slow, the first glass beads and the second glass beads are in contact with the stem of the dendrobium officinale fully in a solution system, the dendrobium officinale is fully squeezed and broken, and effective ingredients are fully released. In addition, the first glass beads and the second glass beads move at a relatively slow speed, so that the surface tissues of the stems of the dendrobium officinale can not be crushed into fine slag to enter a solution system, and the solution system can not be crossedThe filtration is difficult, and the fine residue is left in the extract after the subsequent concentration process, which affects the compatibility of the components and the taste and curative effect of the medicine.
In addition, as the effective substances in Dendrobium officinale are released, the solution system begins to become viscous gradually, the density of the solution system is increased correspondingly, and when the content of the effective ingredients in the solution system is increased gradually, the average density of the solution system is about 1.008-1.013g/cm3At this moment, the density of the second glass beads is still large relative to the density of the solution system, and the second glass beads can be in a suspended or sinking state after the density of the solution system rises, so that the extrusion wall breaking with the stem of the dendrobium officinale is further kept.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a better water extraction effect can be achieved by controlling the sequence of washing the dried stems, mixing with water and glass beads.
For example: mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads comprises: placing the first glass beads in a container and paving the container at the bottom of the container, paving the dry stem on the first glass beads, placing the second glass beads on the dry stem, and adding water along the wall of the container.
Because first glass pearl is lighter, it is arranged in the container bottom earlier, and dendrobium officinale's dry stem is arranged in the centre, second glass pearl is heavier than water, after adding water, first glass pearl has the motion trend that upwards floats, dry stem and second glass pearl have the motion trend to the subsidence, first glass pearl and second glass pearl are with dry stem clamp in the centre, both extrude each other that the broken wall effect to dry stem is better, simultaneously, in the heating up process, the motion range of first glass pearl is violent gradually, receive blockking of dry stem, can slow down its rate of motion. Particularly, when the density of the solution system is increased, the floating rate of the first glass beads is further increased, and when the first glass beads and the second glass beads are mixed, the position relationship of the first glass beads, the second glass beads and the dry stems is well controlled, so that the better water extraction effect is obtained.
Similarly, for the second glass bead, it was placed on the uppermost layer, which also slowed its sinking rate. Until the density of the solution system gradually rises to be almost the same as the density of the solution system, more second glass beads are in a suspension state, and the contact, friction and wall breaking effects of the second glass beads and the dry stems are better.
It is to be understood that the solution system refers to the liquid phase of the aqueous extraction process and the system of matter dissolved in the liquid phase.
As for the water is added along the wall of the container when being added, the water can avoid causing impact in the process of adding water and damaging the position relation of the first glass bead, the second glass bead and the drying stem.
Preferably, the total weight ratio of the first glass beads, the dendrobium officinale dry stems and the second glass beads is preferably controlled to be 0.9-1.1: 3-25: 1, wherein the amount of the first glass beads is preferably such that it can spread over the bottom of the water extraction vessel. And in each extraction, the water addition amount is preferably 6-8 times of the total weight of the dry stems of the dendrobium officinale, and the extraction times are preferably more than 3 times.
In order to further improve the water extraction effect of the broken dry stems, the dry stems can be cut into small segments before water extraction, for example, the dry stems are cut into small segments with the length of less than 3cm, so that gaps generated by the dry stems in the stacking process are relatively small, the first glass beads cannot float upwards rapidly, the contact time of the first glass beads and the dry stems is prolonged, and the water extraction effect is improved.
Heating to 70-80 deg.C, maintaining for 10-20min at a heating rate of 2-3 deg.C/min, wherein the heating rate should not be too fast and the temperature should not exceed 80 deg.C, and the effective component structure of herba Dendrobii will be damaged due to too high temperature, resulting in loss of therapeutic effect.
Then cooling to 20-30 ℃, wherein the cooling rate is preferably 2-3 ℃/min in the cooling process, and the same temperature change rate is too fast, which is not beneficial to the continuous overflow of the effective components in the dendrobium officinale. And filtering and collecting to obtain the water extract. When water extraction is carried out for multiple times, the dry stem residue of the dendrobium officinale can be repeatedly added after each filtration is finished, and the operation steps are the same as the above method.
After the water extracts obtained from each water extraction are combined, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water extraction of the dendrobium officinale is performed 3 times, and the water extraction is performed with water amounts 8 times, 8 times and 6 times respectively, and the time of each water extraction lasts for about 1 hour.
The combined aqueous extracts are concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of approximately 1.02, for example under a vacuum of 0.08MPa at 60 ℃. And (3) carrying out spray drying on the concentrated solution, wherein in the spray drying process, the air inlet temperature is 140-.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a dendrobium officinale and american ginseng capsule, which comprises: 4-6 parts of dendrobium officinale extract, 5-8 parts of American ginseng extract, 18-22 parts of rhodiola rosea extract and 7-10 parts of starch.
Wherein the starch may be starch prepared from cereals, potatoes, beans, etc.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extract is obtained by extracting the dendrobium officinale by the extraction method.
The American ginseng extract can be obtained by the following extraction method: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii to below 20 mesh, reflux-extracting with ethanol to obtain ethanol extractive solution, concentrating, and extracting with n-butanol to obtain radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract.
Specifically, for example:
1. drying radix Panacis Quinquefolii;
2. crushing and sieving: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder;
3. extraction: extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution.
4. Concentration: concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution;
5. and (3) extraction: extracting with n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution;
6. concentration: recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue;
7. and (3) drying: drying under reduced pressure (0.08Mpa, 80 deg.C), pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract.
8. And (6) packaging, inspecting and warehousing.
The rhodiola rosea extract can be obtained by the following extraction method: pulverizing radix Rhodiolae, extracting with ethanol to obtain ethanol extract, concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first and second electrodes may be, for example,
pulverizing radix Rhodiolae to obtain coarse powder:
adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution.
Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution.
Spray drying the concentrated solution (inlet air temperature 140-160 deg.C, outlet air temperature 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dried extract
And crushing the dried extract, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and warehousing the finished product.
As another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a preparation method of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule, which comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii extract, radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract, radix Rhodiolae extract and starch, and packaging in capsule.
During the preparation, preferably, the method is carried out in such a way that firstly, in the process of preparing the dendrobium officinale extract, the water extract is concentrated and then mixed with starch, and the two are dried together. The advantage of doing so is that the aqueous extract is in a more viscous state after being concentrated, and at this moment, starch is added to make better contact with the dendrobium officinale extract, and the dendrobium officinale extract can be better loaded on the starch, and after being dried, the rhodiola rosea extract and the American ginseng extract are mixed, so that after being taken by a person, the dendrobium officinale extract can be better absorbed.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: mixing the dried stem with water and the first glassThe glass beads are mixed with second glass beads, wherein the average density of the first glass beads is approximately 0.85g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.03g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 0.9:1, the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stem is 3 times of that of the second glass beads, and the water consumption is 8 times of that of the dendrobium officinale dry stem.
Heating to 70 deg.C, maintaining for 30min, cooling to 20 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed according to the above method, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 2
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: mixing the dried stems with water, first glass beads and second glass beads, wherein the first glass beads have an average density of about 0.87g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.04g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 1:1, the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems is 25 times of the total mass of the second glass beads, and the water consumption is 8 times of the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems.
Heating to 80 deg.C, maintaining for 20min, cooling to 20 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed according to the above method, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 3
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: will be provided withThe dried stems were mixed with water, first glass beads and second glass beads, wherein the first glass beads had an average density of approximately 0.88g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.04g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 0.9:1, the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stem is 3 times of that of the second glass beads, and the water consumption is 8 times of that of the dendrobium officinale dry stem.
The mixing sequence was as follows: first glass beads are paved at the bottom of a water extraction container, a drying stem is paved on the first glass beads, second glass beads are arranged on the drying stem, and water is added along the wall of the container.
Heating to 75 deg.C for 15min, cooling to 25 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed in the above manner, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 4
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: mixing the dried stems with water, first glass beads and second glass beads, wherein the first glass beads have an average density of about 0.85g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.03g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 0.9:1, the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stem is 10 times of the total mass of the second glass beads, and the water consumption is 8 times of the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stem.
The mixing sequence was as follows: first glass beads are paved at the bottom of a water extraction container, a drying stem is paved on the first glass beads, second glass beads are arranged on the drying stem, and water is added along the wall of the container.
Heating to 70 deg.C, maintaining for 15min, cooling to 20 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed according to the above method, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 5
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: mixing the dried stems with water, first glass beads and second glass beads, wherein the first glass beads have an average density of about 0.85g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.03g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 1:1, the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems is 18 times of the total mass of the second glass beads, and the water consumption is 8 times of the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems.
The mixing sequence was as follows: first glass beads are paved at the bottom of a water extraction container, a drying stem is paved on the first glass beads, second glass beads are arranged on the drying stem, and water is added along the wall of the container.
Heating to 70 deg.C, maintaining for 15min, cooling to 20 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed according to the above method, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 6
An extraction method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, and performing water extraction for 3 times, wherein the water extraction comprises the following steps: mixing the dried stems with water, first glass beads and second glass beads, wherein the first glass beads have an average density of about 0.85g/cm3The average density of the second glass beads is approximately 1.03g/cm3. The total mass ratio of the first glass beads to the second glass beads is 1.1:1, and the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems is the total mass of the second glass beadsThe amount of water is 20 times of the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems, and the water consumption is 8 times of the total mass of the dendrobium officinale dry stems.
The mixing sequence was as follows: first glass beads are paved at the bottom of a water extraction container, a drying stem is paved on the first glass beads, second glass beads are arranged on the drying stem, and water is added along the wall of the container.
Heating to 70 deg.C, maintaining for 15min, cooling to 20 deg.C, filtering, and collecting the water extractive solution, wherein each water extraction is performed according to the above method, and the difference is that the water used in three water extractions is 8 times, and 6 times.
Mixing the water extractive solutions, and concentrating at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa to density of 1.02g/cm3And drying to obtain the dendrobium officinale extract.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 5 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 6.7 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 20 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 8.3 parts by weight of starch, and the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 1. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 4 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 6.5 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 18 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 8.5 parts by weight of starch, and the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 6. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 6 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 5 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 19 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 8 parts by weight of starch, wherein the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein, the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 2. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 5 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 6 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 22 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 9 parts by weight of starch, wherein the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 3. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 4.5 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 8 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 20 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 7 parts by weight of starch, and the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 4. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 12
The embodiment provides a dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule which comprises 5.5 parts by weight of dendrobium officinale extract, 7 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 21 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 10 parts by weight of starch, wherein the components are packaged in the capsule.
Wherein the dendrobium officinale extracts are respectively extracted by the extraction method of the embodiment 5. The American ginseng extract is obtained by the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder; extracting with 80% ethanol under reflux for 3 times (8 times each time) for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol to obtain concentrated solution; extracting the concentrated solution with equal amount of n-butanol for 4 times, and mixing the extractive solutions for 4 times to obtain extractive solution; recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure to obtain residue, drying under reduced pressure, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The rhodiola rosea extract is obtained by the following method: adding 80% ethanol 6 times the amount of radix Rhodiolae coarse powder, extracting for 3 times, each for 1.5 hr, filtering, and mixing the filtrates to obtain ethanol extractive solution. Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extractive solution under reduced pressure, and concentrating to relative density of 1.05(60 deg.C) to obtain concentrated solution. Spray drying the concentrated solution (air inlet temperature is 140-160 deg.C, air outlet temperature is 60-70 deg.C) to obtain dry extract, pulverizing the dry extract, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Comparative example 1
Cleaning dry stems of dendrobium officinale, carrying out water extraction for 3 times, carrying out water extraction according to conventional operation, specifically, mixing the dry stems of dendrobium officinale with 8 times of water, heating to 80 degrees, extracting for 1h, filtering and collecting an extracting solution, carrying out secondary extraction on filter residues, heating to 80 degrees, extracting for 1h, filtering and collecting an extracting solution, carrying out tertiary extraction on the filter residues again, adding 6 times of the dry stems of dendrobium officinale, filtering and collecting the extracting solution, and combining extracting solutions extracted for three times. Concentrating under reduced pressure at 60 deg.C under 0.08MPa, spray drying, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain herba Dendrobii extract.
Polysaccharide content detection is performed on the dendrobium officinale extracts obtained in examples 1-6 and comparative example 1, the detection method is performed according to a method shown in pharmacopoeia, and the detection results are as follows:
| polysaccharide content (%) | |
| Example 1 | 77.6 |
| Example 2 | 78.34 |
| Example 3 | 81.3 |
| Example 4 | 82.12 |
| Example 5 | 83.28 |
| Example 6 | 83.16 |
| Comparative example 1 | 70.25 |
Test examples
Sample preparation: dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules obtained in examples 7 to 12
Experimental animals and breeding
SPF-grade male ICR mice, weighing 18 g-22 g, were provided by Woodson Biotechnology Inc. (animal quality certification number: SCXK (Chuan) 2008-24). Feeding conditions are as follows: barrier-grade animal house (license number of SYXK CJ Sichuan of the Sichuan province Committee of laboratory animal management: SYXK CJ) 2008-011).
Main instruments and reagents
SBA-biosensing analyzer, UNIC0-7200 spectrophotometer, homogenizer, centrifuge, electronic balance.
Experimental methods
The experimental animals are randomly divided into a blank control group and three dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule experimental groups, wherein the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules obtained in examples 7-12 are mixed to be used as a test agent of the experimental groups. The test agent doses were 133.3mg/kg.bw, 266.7mg/kg.bw, and 400.0mg/kg.bw, respectively (corresponding to 10, 20, and 30 times the recommended intake of humans, respectively). Preparing a gastric lavage liquid: 0.67g, 1.3g and 2.0g of contents of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules are respectively weighed and diluted to l00ml by using water in a steam room. The blank control group animals are subjected to intragastric administration by using steam room water, and each experimental group animal is subjected to intragastric administration by using corresponding dose of dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule aqueous solution according to the proportion of 20ml/kg.
1 weight bearing swimming experiment: 30min after the last administration of the test substance, the mice with 5% weight lead skin loaded in the tail root are placed in a swimming box for swimming. The water depth in the tank is not less than 30cm, the water temperature is 2 s.c.l ℃, and the time from swimming to death of the mouse is recorded.
2, blood lactic acid determination: after the test object is given for 30min at the last time, the animal is placed in water with the temperature of 30 ℃ for swimming without load for L0min, and 20 mu L of eyeball blood is respectively collected before, immediately after and after swimming for 20min to measure the content of lactic acid. And the area under the blood lactic acid curve is calculated according to the following formula so as to judge the blood lactic acid change condition after exercise.
Area under the blood lactic acid curve 5 × (blood lactic acid value before swimming +3 × Omin blood lactic acid value after swimming +2 × blood lactic acid value after resting for 20min after swimming)
3 serum urea nitrogen determination: after the test object is given for 30min at the last time, the mouse is placed in water with the temperature of 30 ℃ for swimming for 90min without load, 0.5mL of eyeball blood is collected after the mouse is rested for 60min, and the blood serum is taken after the blood coagulation to measure the urea nitrogen content of the blood serum by a diacetyl-oxime method.
4 liver glycogen assay: the animals were sacrificed 30min after the last administration of the test substance, the livers were rinsed with physiological saline and then blotted dry with filter paper, the livers were quickly weighed at l00mg, and the liver glycogen content was measured (anthrone method).
The test results are shown in tables 1 to 8
TABLE 1 influence of Dendrobium officinale American ginseng capsules on mouse weight (weight bearing swimming experiment)
TABLE 2 influence of Dendrobium officinale American ginseng capsules on mouse weight (blood lactic acid assay)
TABLE 3 influence of Dendrobium officinale American ginseng capsules on mouse weight (Urea nitrogen determination experiment)
TABLE 4 influence of Dendrobium officinale American ginseng capsules on mouse weight (liver glycogen determination experiment)
Tables l to 4 show that there is no significant difference (P >0.05) in initial body weight, middle body weight and end body weight of mice between the three dose groups of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules obtained in examples 7 to 12 and the blank control group.
The influence of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on the weight bearing swimming time of the mice is as follows: the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 influence of Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on weight bearing swimming time of mice
P <0.05 compared to the spatial control group.
As shown in table 5, the mice of the three dose groups of the capsule prepared in examples 7-12 have longer swimming time, and the mice of the low dose group have significant difference compared with the control group. (P < 0.05).
The influence of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on the blood lactic acid content of mice is as follows: see table 6.
TABLE 6 influence of Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on blood lactic acid content of mice
P <0.05 compared to the spatial control group.
As shown in table 6, the blood lactic acid content of the three dosage groups of the capsule of dendrobium officinale and American ginseng obtained in examples 7-12 at the time point of 20 minutes after swimming is significantly lower than that of the blank control group (P <0.05), and the area under the blood lactic acid curve of the three dosage groups is reduced, but has no significant difference (P >0.05) from that of the control group.
The effect of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on the content of mouse liver glycogen: see Table 7
TABLE 7 influence of Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on liver glycogen content of mice
P <0.05 compared to the spatial control group.
As shown in table 7, the content of glycogen in the three dose groups of the capsule prepared in examples 7 to 12 was increased, wherein the content of glycogen in the liver in the medium and high dose groups was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05).
The influence of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on the urea nitrogen content in the serum of a mouse is as follows: see table 8.
TABLE 8 influence of Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules on the urea nitrogen content in mouse serum
As shown in table 8, in the dendrobium officinale and american ginseng capsules obtained in examples 7 to 12, the serum urea nitrogen content in the high dose group was reduced, and the serum urea nitrogen content in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).
The results show that the liver glycogen content of mice in the low-dose group and the medium-dose group of the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule is obviously higher than that of mice in the blank control group (P < 0.05); the serum urea nitrogen content in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05). The blood lactic acid content of animals in the three dose groups at the 20min time point after swimming was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, it can be determined that the dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsules obtained in examples 7 to 12 have the function of relieving physical fatigue.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A capsule of Dendrobium officinale and American ginseng is characterized in that the capsule only contains 4-6 parts by weight of Dendrobium officinale extract, 5-8 parts by weight of American ginseng extract, 18-22 parts by weight of rhodiola rosea extract and 7-10 parts by weight of starch,
the dendrobium officinale extract is prepared by the following steps: cleaning dry stems of Dendrobium officinale, extracting with water, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating, and drying to obtain the final product;
wherein the water extraction comprises: mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads, heating to 70-80 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, cooling to 20-30 ℃, filtering and collecting to obtain the water extract, wherein the glass beads comprise first glass beads and second glass beads, the density of the first glass beads is less than that of the water, and the density of the second glass beads is greater than that of the water.
2. The dendrobium officinale american ginseng capsule of claim 1, wherein mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads comprises: placing the first glass beads in a container and paving the container at the bottom of the container, paving the dry stem on the first glass beads, placing the second glass beads on the dry stem, and adding water along the wall of the container.
3. The dendrobium officinale and American ginseng capsule as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first glass beads are hollow beads, and the ratio of the total mass of the first glass beads to the total mass of the second glass beads is 0.9-1.1: 1.
4. The capsule of claim 3, wherein the dried stem is cut into small pieces less than 3cm in length before water extraction.
5. The capsule of claim 3, wherein the water extract is concentrated, mixed with the starch, and dried.
6. The dendrobium officinale american ginseng capsule of any of claims 1-5, wherein the american ginseng extract is obtained by: pulverizing dried radix Panacis Quinquefolii to below 20 mesh, reflux-extracting with ethanol to obtain ethanol extractive solution, concentrating, and extracting with n-butanol to obtain radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract.
7. The Dendrobium officinale American ginseng capsule according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the rhodiola rosea extract is prepared by the following method: pulverizing radix Rhodiolae, extracting with ethanol to obtain ethanol extract, concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying.
8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the water extract is concentrated and then mixed with the starch, dried, then mixed with the American ginseng extract and the rhodiola rosea extract and packaged in capsules.
9. An extraction method of dendrobium officinale is characterized in that dried stems of dendrobium officinale are cleaned and then are extracted with water, and the extract is obtained by concentrating and drying after the water extract is combined;
wherein the water extraction comprises: mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads, heating to 70-80 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, cooling to 20-30 ℃, filtering and collecting to obtain the water extract, wherein the glass beads comprise first glass beads and second glass beads, the density of the first glass beads is less than that of the water, and the density of the second glass beads is greater than that of the water.
10. The extraction method of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 9, wherein mixing the dried stem with water and glass beads comprises: placing the first glass beads in a container and paving the container at the bottom of the container, paving the dry stem on the first glass beads, placing the second glass beads on the dry stem, and adding water along the wall of the container.
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| CN115669835A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-02-03 | 广州市东鹏食品饮料有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale anti-fatigue beverage |
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| EP1081232A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-07 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Novel target for antifungals |
| CN104688796A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-10 | 广东长兴生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for extracting maca bioactive components based on ultrasonic wave |
| CN105596778A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-25 | 杭州太仁堂生物科技股份有限公司 | Formula and preparation method of near-wild fresh dendrobium officinale, American ginseng and sedum oral liquid |
| CN107212401A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 重庆市生物技术研究所有限责任公司 | Composition for relieving physical fatigue and its preparation and preparation method |
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| EP1081232A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-07 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Novel target for antifungals |
| CN104688796A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-10 | 广东长兴生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for extracting maca bioactive components based on ultrasonic wave |
| CN105596778A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-25 | 杭州太仁堂生物科技股份有限公司 | Formula and preparation method of near-wild fresh dendrobium officinale, American ginseng and sedum oral liquid |
| CN107212401A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 重庆市生物技术研究所有限责任公司 | Composition for relieving physical fatigue and its preparation and preparation method |
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