CN107981028A - A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry - Google Patents
A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/04—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from fish or other sea animals
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- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
- A23J3/32—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents
- A23J3/34—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes
- A23J3/341—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes of animal proteins
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Abstract
A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, includes the following steps：1）Granulating, will be using the full fish of fresh small fish of marine products as raw material fish, protein body of the classification grinding to full-size in below 5mm；2）Micronized, protein particle slurry more than ultra high shear to 150 mesh；3）Microminiaturization, is heated to 55 DEG C~75 DEG C of microminiaturization temperature, and ultrasonic probe stretches into containing tank effect microminiaturization ultrasonic wave, and small corpuscular protein activation slurry is made；4）Enzymolysis, microwave surround be heated to 40 DEG C~65 DEG C of enzyme digestion reaction temperature, by raw material fish weigh 0.01~2% protease be added to particulate protein slurry in, microwave, ultrasonic wave enzymolysis reaction cycle alternately apply 10 20 minutes/time, 20~60min of enzyme digestion reaction time, obtains enzymolysis protein slurry；Inactivation fermentation, it is 40 60wt% to be concentrated in vacuo to moisture, and full fish slurry is digested up to small fish of marine products of the easy preservation rich in small peptide；The preparation method, can substitute forage protein source of the fish meal as the economic feed of aquaculture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protein digestion technical field, is specially the small fish of marine products that a kind of easily preservation is rich in small peptide
Digest the preparation method of full fish slurry.
Background technology
One in fish meal is important and raw material that cost is higher is protein.The marine fishes that species is enriched are protease
The main object of solution, after marine protein digests, one of its hydrolysate is small peptide.Small peptide should be the general name of small-molecular peptides, both wrap
The molecules small peptide of 2~3 amino acid residues is included, the oligopeptides of 10 is also less than including amino acid residue, i.e., in practical application
In, amino acid residue can be classified as small peptide product in the small peptide product of small molecule of 10 or so.Small peptide has the function of good spy
Property, can not only quickly be absorbed in the form of complete by organism, directly participate in the synthesis of histone, and with antibacterial and
The physiological function of immunity is improved, realizes the high-valued of protein.Research has shown that small peptide substitutes a certain proportion of fish meal conduct
Feed feeding cultivation fish, in addition to it can promote to cultivate fish growth, can also strengthen the autoimmune function of feeding cultivation fish, reduce
Their disease incident.
The mechanism of proteolysis is extremely complex, because substrate contains substantial amounts of different types of insoluble protein.It is identical
How the protein of amount, improve enzymolysis efficiency, and it is the target that everybody pursues to obtain more small peptides.
1）Protease is the key of aminosal.It is many to digest the protease species of research, it is different according to their sources
It is broadly divided into and comes from animal, plant, the protease of microorganism.Different protease can greatly influence the physics and chemistry of hydrolysate
Functional characteristic, so the selection of protease is vital in marine protein enzymolysis industry.The nutriture value of protolysate
Value and the quality of flavor are largely dependent upon the difference of enzyme used.
2）Enzymolysis efficiency is low.Conventional water enzyme digestion need 55-65 DEG C, 7 it is small when more than, it is time-consuming and laborious, be also easy to become
Matter；The defects of due to resolvase itself, prepare the production that enzyme digestion reaction is unfavorable for polypeptide, such as:Resolvase acid, alkali,
Mutability in the medium such as heat and organic solvent, activity are reduced or lost；Enzyme is remained in solution after the reaction, causes enzyme reaction difficult
With serialization and automation.
3) how to store, the storage condition of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is harsh, many areas due to enzymolysis liquid memory technology only
Close, nutrient loss is serious in enzymolysis liquid storing process, causes protein enzymatic hydrolyzate inferior quality, causes serious wastage of material.
The research on protein enzymatic hydrolyzate storing technology is concentrated mainly on the research of additive in enzymolysis liquid at present, by adding additive
It can be improved to store effect, prevent secondary fermentation；But since additive is had a great influence by environment, raw material etc., so research knot
Had differences between fruit, it is difficult to realize scale application.
How low cost and expeditiously digest small fish of marine products and obtain the full fish slurry rich in small peptide, and realize the good of nutrition
Good storage is that enzymolysis liquid applies the process difficulties for being badly in need of solving in culture fishery.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is how low cost and expeditiously digest marine products
Small fish obtains the full fish slurry rich in small peptide, and realizes the good storage of nutrition, there is provided a kind of easily preservation is rich in the marine products of small peptide
Small fish digests the preparation method of full fish slurry.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation side of full fish slurry
Method, includes the following steps：
1）Granulating, will be freeze-dried to water content in 50wt%-70wt% using the full fish of fresh small fish of marine products as raw material fish, divided
Level is crushed to protein body of the full-size in below 5mm, and dry cold scattering, which freezes, puts；
2）Micronized, according to protein body and water quality than 1:0.2 adds 0-3 DEG C of pure water, ultra high shear in protein body
Protein particle slurry more than to 150 mesh, it is 1 to add pure water to raw material fish and water quality ratio:0.2~10；
3）Microminiaturization, protein particle slurry carry out microwave and surround heating, and 90-100 DEG C of boiling boils 10-20min, be cooled to microminiaturization temperature
55 DEG C~75 DEG C, ultrasonic probe stretches into protein particle slurry and acts on microminiaturization ultrasonic wave so that the protein particle of protein particle slurry
Diameter is reduced to below micron order or micron order, and small corpuscular protein activation slurry is made；
4）Enzymolysis, activates small corpuscular protein slurry progress microwave encirclement and is heated to 40 DEG C~65 DEG C of enzyme digestion reaction temperature, by raw material
The protease that fish weighs 0.01~2wt% is fixed on dispersible carrier surface, then dispersible carrier is uniformly fixed on to multiple preset body surfaces
Face, microwave, ultrasound, small corpuscular protein activation slurry are immersed in enzyme digestion reaction cycle alternation application 10-20min/ times in preset body, always
20~60min of enzyme digestion reaction time, obtains enzymolysis protein slurry；
5）High-temperature inactivation, surrounds enzymolysis protein slurry microwave and is heated to 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, constant temperature inactivates 15-30min, cold
But the clean full fish slurry of enzymolysis is obtained afterwards；
6）Fermentation, cleaning is seeded to by lactic acid bacteria and Propionibacterium according to cleaning enzymolysis full fish slurry gross weight 1~10wt% inoculum concentrations
Full fish slurry is digested, ferment 2~8h in 25~40 DEG C；
7）Separation concentration, zymotic fluid centrifuge out supernatant, and it is 40-60wt% to be concentrated in vacuo to moisture, up to easy preservation
The full fish slurry of the enzymolysis rich in small peptide；
Step 1）-7）In remaining oxygen<Carried out in 5% nitrogen environmental protection.
Further, the preset body is polyethylene board, and dispersible carrier is fixed on multiple preset body surface faces, and referring to will be described
Dispersible carrier even adhesion to thin polyethylene board upper and lower surface, it is finally that multiple thin polyethylene board compartments are multiple every assembling
The flase floor of concentric circles annular composition.
Further, the preset body is film, and the film upper surface has been spaced a plurality of isolation fin, it is described every
From the sine curve that fin is in same period, the film upper and lower surface even adhesion has dispersible carrier, and then film is outside axis
Side face is wound into the preset body coiling body of certain diameter.
Further, the microwave surrounds heating, refers to that the perisporium interval of tubular container is equipped with multiple microwave generators, right
Protein particle slurry carries out microwave and surrounds heating.
Further, the effect microminiaturization ultrasonic wave, diameter 10-40mm ultrasonic probes stretch into tubular container in pipe
1/3 depths of the heart, multiple ultrasonic probes arranged for interval on ultraphonic pipe length direction, with frequency 20-40kHz, field strength 70-100w/
cm2, ultrasonication 3-10 minutes.
Further, it is to prepare Fe that the protease, which is fixed on dispersible carrier surface,3O4Magnetic nanoparticle, it is hydride modified
To Fe3O4Magnetic nanoparticle surface obtains micro- magnetic core, and protease covalent coupling is obtained scattered silicon ribozyme to micro- magnetic core surface
Particle.
Further, the microwave, ultrasound, small corpuscular protein activation slurry are immersed in enzyme digestion reaction cycle alternation in preset body
Application is realized by alternating action device, and the alternating action device includes the enzyme immobilization reaction tube, micro- of head and the tail connection
Wave duct and ultrasonic wave duct, the flase floor or the preset body coiling body are fixed in enzyme immobilization reaction tube, and slurries are with certain
Pressure is full of the alternating action device, and slurries in alternating action device per certain intermittent time after in alternating action device
Circulation primary；During intermittent time, slurries receive microwave action in microwave tube, and slurries receive ul-trasonic irradiation in ultrasonic wave duct,
Enzyme digestion reaction occurs in enzyme immobilization reaction tube.
Further, the circulation primary refers to, the slurries of enzymolysis immobilization reactor can be calculated about according to pipe flow
All flow in microwave tube, the slurries substantially all in microwave tube is flowed in ultrasonic wave duct, during circulation needed for such circulation primary
Between be determined as the intermittent time.
What the preparation method that a kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests full fish slurry obtained is rich in small peptide
Small fish of marine products digest full fish slurry, it is the paste with certain viscosity and flowable that the small fish of marine products, which digests full fish slurry,
Thing, wherein amino acid residue are 15~20 wt% in the small peptide content of small molecule of 10 or so.
A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the application of full fish slurry in aquaculture, with accounting for fish
The small fish of marine products of powder gross weight at least 20wt% digests full fish slurry replacement fish meal and continuously feeds cultured fishes.
The present invention by mainly improve it is following what time come reach " low cost obtain richness expeditiously to digest small fish of marine products
Full fish slurry containing small peptide and want easy preservation " purpose,
1st, granulate->Micronized->Microminiaturization, the condition of small molecule is created for enzymolysis protein source
（1）Coordinate step by step and accomplish microminiaturization as far as possible
Proteolysis is at least divided into two stages, the first step, and enzyme molecule is connected with small protein body；Second step, hydrolysis occur,
Discharge great amount of soluble peptide and amino acid.
The step 1 of the present invention）-3）Purpose be exactly protein body as small as possible in order to obtain, step 1）First fraction
The broken full-size that arrives is in below 5mm, step 2）High speed shear is into particulate slurry, step 3）Ultrasonic vibration microminiaturization after boiling, ultrasound
Ripple is a kind of compressional wave that vibration frequency is more than 20KHz, and ultrasonication produces cavitation in liquid medium, and ultrasound can make liquid be situated between
Microvesicle, subsequent microbubble ruptures, beneficial to protein particle diameter microminiaturization are formed in matter.
（2）Inexpensive microminiaturization is to 150 mesh above is being not easily achieved.
Micronized realizes one's own small innovation, is indigenous method.The prior art accomplishes powder more than 150 mesh
Particle degree, it is necessary to buy Ultramicrofine crasher or colloid mill or fluidized bed air flow crusher, these equipment are very expensive.
And it is little Wei enterprises to do fish meal substitute, the machine on investment buying is so tall and big is unrealistic, but wants to reach this purpose,
What if.
High speed shear, small rotating vane, is driven with import super high speed motor of the rotating speed more than 30000 revs/min, and blade is at a high speed
The protein body that shearing liquid disperses, to increase shear effect, installs tapered sleeve additional, tapered sleeve, which has fluid, gathers work around blade
With the tapered sleeve inner wall has fin, increases impact effects.After installing tapered sleeve additional, blade high speed agitation shearing, cone under the gathering of tapered sleeve
Liquid height is higher by one section than surrounding in set, forms the swabbing action to tapered sleeve peripheral liquid, and tapered sleeve periphery protein body is continuous
It is inhaled into tapered sleeve and is sheared crushing.Through laser detection, shearing grinding particle size is more than 150 mesh.That is, present invention superelevation
The scalp of speed motor solves high speed shear to the technical problem of 150 mesh granularities, low cost.
The key point of above-mentioned realization is that high rotating speed driving vanelets are sheared in tapered sleeve, every to go out 5kg particulates within 5-10 minutes
Slurry, therefore output efficiency per minute is not high, has much room for improvement.
, first freeze after heat, the activation of small molecule of ultrasonic wave and microwave, produce from protein particle slurry->The activation of protein activation slurry
Effect
Step 1）Freezing, step 2）Middle microwave surrounds heating boiling, step 4）Microwave, ultrasound before enzyme digestion reaction are alternately applied
Add, heat after on the one hand first freezing, thermal shock, loose protein particulate institutional framework；On the other hand, microwave is utilized so that liquid
Quick orientation rotates and frictional heat the polar molecule of body medium repeatedly under microwave high-frequency electric field action, and this heating is from thing
Start inside matter, quickly reach required temperature；Ultrasonic vibration causes the repeatedly quick orientation of polar molecule to rotate, and also causes
Protein structure is looser, and ultrasonic wave not only causes protein particle diameter microminiaturization using cavitation, while high field intensity is super
More hydrophobic groups can be exposed to protein molecule surface by sound wave.The application point that can be more combined with enzyme is exposed,
Accelerate hydrolysis, degree of hydrolysis greatly improves.
Therefore, the present invention is by hot after first freezing, the collective effect of ultrasonic wave and microwave, generate from protein particle slurry->Egg
The activation of white activation slurry.
, protease molecule contacted with liquid medium it is decentralized contact, enzymolysis time greatly reduces
Effect of both above is so that protein digestion is provided with small and activation protein body, this is significantly
The speed of protease hydrolyzed is accelerated, has been able to realize rapid enzymolysis.Periodicity stirring in enzymolysis process is exactly to be
The protease is allowed to spread more evenly across around the small molecule particle for more needing to hydrolyze.
Proteolysis is at least divided into two stages, the first step, and enzyme molecule is connected with small protein body；Second step, hydrolysis
Occur, discharge great amount of soluble peptide and amino acid.In order to quickly in the first step so that more enzyme molecules and small egg
White particle contact, it is then that carrier is dispersed and be fixed on preset body surface face present invention employs protease dispersible carrier
Method, such as flase floor or polyethylene rod not only accomplish dispersing contact, but also can recycle protease at any time, accelerate enzyme digestion reaction
Speed, enzymolysis time by the prior art 7 it is small when more than be reduced to 20-60min.
, microwave, ultrasound, enzymolysis alternating action
For step 4）Enzymolysis, devise alternating action device, activating slurry to small corpuscular protein carries out microwave, ultrasound and enzymolysis
Alternating apply, the enzyme immobilization which is included head and the tail connection by the alternating action device that connects from beginning to end is anti-
Ying Guan, microwave tube and ultrasonic wave duct, the alternating action unit efficiency is high, substantially increases the enzymolysis degree of slurries so that small peptide contains
Amount reaches 15-20wt%.
Easy preservation is mainly to be reached by lactic acid bacteria and fermentation using propionibacterium.
The small fish of marine products enzymolysis prepares the preparation method of the full fish slurry rich in small peptide, and enzymolysis efficiency is high, production cost
It is low, fish meal can be substituted and be used for aquaculture, can be as the forage protein source of the economic feed of aquaculture.
The small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, and enzymolysis efficiency is high, is produced into
This is low, and the pH of pasty products can be reduced by producing natural antibacterial agent by way of fermentation after enzymolysis, effectively suppresses microorganism life
Long breeding, improves the preservation cycle of pasty products, can substitute fish meal and be used for aquaculture, can be as the economic feed of aquaculture
Forage protein source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the alternating action for the preparation method that a kind of small fish of marine products enzymolysis of the present invention prepares the full fish slurry rich in small peptide
Schematic device.
Fig. 2 is the preset body volume for the preparation method that a kind of small fish of marine products enzymolysis of the present invention prepares the full fish slurry rich in small peptide
Around the cross-sectional view of body.
Fig. 3 is the preset body volume for the preparation method that a kind of small fish of marine products enzymolysis of the present invention prepares the full fish slurry rich in small peptide
Around the expanded view of body.
1 enzyme immobilization reaction tube, 2 microwave tubes, 3 ultraphonic pipes, 4 microwave generators, 5 preset body coiling bodies, 6 ultrasounds
Probe, 7 inlet pumps, 8 circulating pumps, 9 drain pumps, 10 intermediate valves, 11 inlet valves, 12 outlet valves, 13 intake valves, 14 rows
Air valve,
5.1 axis, 5.2 films, 5.3 isolation fins, 5.4 dispersible carriers.
Embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, but be not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, includes the following steps：
1）Granulating, will be freeze-dried to water content in 50wt%-70wt% using the full fish of fresh small fish of marine products as raw material fish, divided
Level is crushed to protein body of the full-size in below 5mm, and dry cold scattering, which freezes, puts；
2）Micronized, according to protein body and water quality than 1:0.2 adds 0-3 DEG C of pure water, ultra high shear in protein body
Protein particle slurry more than to 150 mesh, it is 1 to add pure water to raw material fish and water quality ratio:0.2~10.
It is 1 more preferably to expect water quality ratio:0.5~5.
Specifically, for shear-blade rotating diameter in 20-40mm, motor speed is equipped with cone more than 30000 turns around blade
Shape gathers cover, and cone-shaped hood inner wall is interval with collision fin, and fin is higher by inner conical surface 3-5mm.Laser particle size detects, in particulate slurry
Maximum length is in below 0.1mm, i.e., more than 150 mesh.From the point of view of distribution of particles, fish-bone, fish scale are due to harder, and grinding particle size is most
It is small, concentrate on more than 200 mesh, and fish protein, since it softens in water and granularity is slightly larger, and it is in the majority to concentrate on 150-170 mesh.
3）Microminiaturization, egg protein particle slurry carry out microwave and surround heating, and 90-100 DEG C of boiling is boiled 10-20min, be cooled to small
Change 55 DEG C~75 DEG C of temperature, ultrasonic probe stretches into protein particle slurry effect microminiaturization ultrasonic wave so that the albumen of protein particle slurry
Particle diameter is reduced to below micron order or micron order, and small corpuscular protein activation slurry is made；
4）Enzymolysis, activates small corpuscular protein slurry progress microwave encirclement and is heated to 40 DEG C~65 DEG C of enzyme digestion reaction temperature, by raw material
The protease that fish weighs 0.01~2% is fixed on dispersible carrier surface, and dispersible carrier then is fixed on multiple preset body surface faces, micro-
Granule protein activation slurry immerses preset body enzyme digestion reaction, microwave, ultrasonic wave cycle alternation and applies 10-20min, during total enzyme digestion reaction
Between 20~60min, obtain enzymolysis protein slurry；
5）High-temperature inactivation, surrounds enzymolysis protein slurry microwave and is heated to 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, constant temperature inactivation 10-20min；It is cold
But the clean full fish slurry of enzymolysis is obtained afterwards；
6）Fermentation, cleaning is seeded to by lactic acid bacteria and Propionibacterium according to cleaning enzymolysis full fish slurry gross weight 1~10wt% inoculum concentrations
Full fish slurry is digested, ferment 2~8h in 25~40 DEG C；
7）Separation concentration, for zymotic fluid by centrifuging out supernatant, it is 40-60wt% to be concentrated in vacuo to moisture, up to easily
The full fish slurry of the enzymolysis rich in small peptide of preservation；
Step 1）-7）In remaining oxygen<Carried out in 5% nitrogen environmental protection.
The full fish slurry of enzymolysis rich in small peptide of the easily preservation is the paste with certain viscosity and flowable.It is preferred that
Step 7）In be concentrated in vacuo to moisture 50~58%, ensure that concentrate has certain mobility.It is preferred that fermentation time 2~
5h, improve production efficiency while ensureing and producing the natural antibacterial agent of sufficient amount.
The protease for microbial fermentation produce alkali protease or the protease be selected from alkali protease and
The compound protease of flavor protease.For compound protease, basic protein enzyme dosage weighs 0.02~1.5wt%, wind for raw material fish
Taste protease accounts for the 0.02-0.1wt% that enzyme dosage is raw material fish weight.Preferably, basic protein enzyme dosage weigh 0.5 for raw material fish~
1wt%.It is preferred that flavor protease addition content of starting materials fish weighs 0.05~0.1%, increase the flavor of enzymolysis product, improve attractant.
For step 4）, the protease dispersible carrier, prepares the Fe of 30-500nm particle diameters3O4Magnetic nanoparticle, it is right
Fe3O4Magnetic nano-particle is surface-treated, and Fe is arrived using hydride modified3O4Magnetic nanoparticle surface obtains micro- magnetic core, tool
Body is such as：3- aminopropyls-triethoxysilane.By the use of double sulphur cyanobenzenes or glutaraldehyde as coupling agent, by protease covalent coupling
Scattered silicon ribozyme particle is obtained to micro- magnetic core surface.
Preset body is flase floor, and dispersible carrier is fixed on multiple grid plate surfaces, refers to, the silicon ribozyme particle is uniform
The upper and lower surface of thin polyethylene board is bonded to, finally by multiple thin polyethylene board compartments every assembling flase floor.Between flase floor
Gauge is from 5-8mm.Thermosetting resin is applied in polyethylene thin plate upper and lower surface, silicon ribozyme particle is carried same electrostatic charge, such as
Positive charge, powered silicon ribozyme particle tile onto thermosetting resin, and due to powered silicon ribozyme particle, identical charges repel each other, contributes to silicon core
Enzyme granulate is uniformly distributed on polyethylene thin plate, increases its specific surface area.Thermosetting resin is heated, by silicon ribozyme particle after curing
It is fixed.With the concentration of bicinchoninic acid method measure immobilized enzyme, reach 2-3 μ g/cm2, in practice it has proved that the immobilized enzyme has good
Activity.
As shown in Figure 1, in order to realize the alternating application of enzymolysis, microwave, ultrasonic wave, alternating action device is devised, including
Enzyme immobilization reaction tube 1, microwave tube 2 and the ultrasonic wave duct 3 of head and the tail connection, enter between microwave tube 2 and ultrasonic wave duct 3 equipped with slurries
Mouth pipe, injection point pipe are equipped with inlet valve 11 and inlet pump 7, serum outlet are equipped between enzyme immobilization reaction tube 1, microwave tube 2
Pipe, serum outlet pipe are equipped with outlet valve 12 and drain pump 9, circulating pump 8 are equipped between ultrasonic wave duct 3 and enzyme immobilization reaction tube 1.
Ultrasonic 3 perisporium of wave duct is interval with ultrasonic probe 6, and 2 perisporium of microwave tube is interval with multiple microwave generators 4.2 entrance of microwave tube
Equipped with intermediate valve 10,10 both sides of intermediate valve are respectively equipped with nitrogen inlet duct and exhaust pipe, and nitrogen inlet duct is equipped with 13 He of intake valve
Air bleeding valve 14.Flase floor is assembled into cylindrical and is fitted into enzyme immobilization reaction tube 1.
During work, 1. nitrogen charging, first make it that remaining oxygen is less than 5% in alternating action device.Concrete operations：Close intermediate valve
10, intake valve 13 is opened and is filled with nitrogen, and air bleeding valve 14 is opened, and until detecting, remaining oxygen is less than 5% in exhaust pipe, closes air inlet
Valve 13 and air bleeding valve 14.
2. filling slurry, intermediate valve 10, inlet valve 11 are opened, and air bleeding valve 14 is opened, and start inlet pump 7, by step 4）It is small
Corpuscular protein activation slurry is filled with alternating action device, while circulating pump 8 starts, and exhaust is then closed until there is slurries to be filled with exhaust pipe
Valve 14, inlet pump 7, circulating pump 8 are closed when pressure reaches 1-5MPa in alternating action device.
3. alternating action, opens microwave generator 5 and microwave encirclement heating is carried out to microwave tube 2, open ultrasonic probe 6
Generator ultrasonic activation processing is carried out to slurries in ultrasonic wave duct, while slurries disperse to connect in immobilization reactor 1 is digested
Touch protease and carry out enzyme digestion reaction；For the technique of total enzymolysis time 60min, microwave, ultrasonic wave, enzymolysis act on 20min respectively
Afterwards, one cycle pump 8 is started, the slurries that enzymolysis immobilization reactor 1 can be calculated according to pipe flow all flow to microwave tube 2
In, the slurries in microwave tube 2 are all flowed in ultrasonic wave duct 3, and the slurries in ultrasonic wave duct 3 all flow to enzymolysis immobilized reactant
Device 1, the cycle time T needed for such circulation primary, circulating pump 8 is closed after cycle time T.After starting circulating pump 8 three times, i.e., just
Beginning, which fills to starch to flow to again in enzymolysis immobilization reactor 1 in the slurries in digesting immobilization reactor 1, to be digested for second, then is opened
After dynamic circulating pump 8 three times, initially fill slurries third time of the slurry in immobilization reactor 1 is digested and flow to enzymolysis immobilization reactor
Third time is digested in 1, and total enzymolysis time reaches 60min, obtains enzymolysis protein slurry.For the technique of total enzymolysis time 20min,
After microwave, ultrasonic wave, enzymolysis act on 10min respectively after pump circulation, slurry is initially filled after pump circulation three times in enzymolysis immobilization
Slurries in reactor 1 are flowed in enzymolysis immobilization reactor 1 and digested for second again, and total enzymolysis time reaches 20min.For
Realize slurries secondary enzymolysis, microwave, ultrasonic wave, enzymolysis cycle alternation apply at least 3 pump circulations.
4. emptying, intermediate valve 10 is closed, outlet valve 12 is opened, and starts drain pump 9, intake valve 13 is opened after half a minute, directly
Slurries can not be taken out to drain pump 9, then completes the task of the enzymolysis protein slurry emptying in alternating action device, closes outlet valve
12, stop drain pump 9.
So carry out subsequent cycle 1.->②->③->④.
Other step details are explained as follows：
The classification grinding crushes for two level, and the first order crushes send the small fish of marine products into first disintegrator for conveyer belt,
First disintegrator delivery outlet is not recycled to first disintegrator charge door by material, second is output to by material through 2 mesh sieve net filtrations
Pulverizer, the second pulverizer delivery outlet are defeated by expecting not by expecting to be recycled to the second pulverizer charge door through 4 mesh sieve net filtrations
Go out for qualified protein body；
It is to ensure that Fish protein is fully denatured opening space structure that 10-20min is boiled in 90-100 DEG C of boiling before microminiaturization, easy to digest.
The microwave surrounds heating, refers to that the perisporium interval of microwave tube is equipped with multiple microwave generators, and particulate protein is starched
Carry out microwave and surround heating.The microwave surrounds heating, is to use microwave frequency microwave power 15-30W's is micro- for 2450MHz
Wave producer, each heating time is depending on containing tank size.
Microwave tube is ceramic material or polyvinyl resin material；Microwave diameter is about 2 times of half fading depth of microwave, this
Sample, microwave penetration microwave tube wall are acted on particulate protein slurry, are ensured to surround heating from the uniform of perisporium, are ensured particulate protein slurry
Inside from the inside to the outside, the uniformity of from top to bottom Temperature Distribution.Preferably, the microwave tube uses ceramic material, diameter
1400mm, length 3000mm.
The effect microminiaturization ultrasonic wave, diameter 10-40mm ultrasonic probes stretch into ultraphonic pipe apart from 1/3 depths of tube hub,
With 20KHz-40KHz, 70~100 w/cm of field strength2, ultrasonication 3-10 minutes.Between ultrasonic probe is on ultraphonic pipe length direction
Every arrangement.
Preferably, constant temperature, high pressure are kept in enzymolysis process, constant temperature is to act on microwave duration t by interval time t1, to protect
The enzyme digestion reaction temperature of particulate protein slurry is held at 40~65 DEG C；The high pressure, is so that particulate protein slurry is pressed be subject to 1-5MPa
Pretend use.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2,3, step 4）In, the preset body is film 5.3, and 5.3 upper surface of film has been spaced a plurality of
Isolate fin 5.4, the isolation fin 5.4 is in the sine curve interval of same period.5.3 upper and lower surface of film is uniformly glued
Silicon ribozyme particle is had, with the concentration of bicinchoninic acid method measure immobilized enzyme, reaches 2-3 μ g/cm2, in practice it has proved that the immobilized enzyme
With good activity.Film 5.3 is wound into the preset body coiling body 5 of certain diameter, the preset body volume around 5.1 outer circumferential surface of axis
It is fixed on around body 5 in the immobilized enzyme reactor 1 of tubular.Since the preset body coiling body 5 has greater compactness of interval, isolation is convex
There is provided between rib 5.4 and lower films one it is sinusoidal is curved through path, be curved through path and extend enzyme=protease and connect
The chance of protein macromolecule chain is touched, good condition is provided for decentralized enzymolysis contact.
Step 4）Above-mentioned enzyme digestion reaction during, enzymolysis can be accelerated by installing new flase floor or preset body coiling body 5,
Increase small peptide yield.
The present invention disperses curing technology using enzyme, increases specific surface area of the enzyme with the contact of small corpuscular protein activation slurry,
High temperature enzyme deactivation step is eliminated, cost is reduced for enzymolysis production.
Other steps are same as Example 1.
The present invention disperses curing technology using enzyme, increases specific surface area of the enzyme with the contact of small corpuscular protein activation slurry,
High temperature enzyme deactivation step is eliminated, cost is reduced for enzymolysis production.
After testing, the small fish of marine products obtained by the present invention digests full fish slurry, for certain viscosity and flowable
Paste, crude protein content are 20~35 wt%, and small peptide content is 15~20 wt%, 2~6wt% of crude fat content, ash content 2
~8 wt%, 2~6wt% of lysine, 1~3wt% of methionine, 1~4wt% of lactic acid, moisture are 40~60%.Wherein, molecule
Measure 40~90wt% of protein hydrolysate of below 1000Da.PH is 3.5~5.5,50-300X10 containing lactic acid bacteria8。
A kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests application of the full fish slurry in aquaculture, total with fish meal is accounted for
Small fish of marine products described in weight at least 20wt% digests full fish slurry and substitutes fish meal feeding cultured fishes.
Considered based on aquaculture cost, the fish meal of 25-30wt% preferably is digested full fish slurry with the small fish of marine products substitutes feeding
Breeding fish is fed, the full fish slurry of small fish of marine products enzymolysis for adding 25%-30wt% continuously feeds little yellow croaker three months, it averagely increases day by day
Weigh to 0.42-0.88g, improve 10% than adding the feed efficiency of control group of fish meal, the feed of hydrolysate more similar than market
Efficiency improves 7%, while enhances the immune function of cultivation fish, reduces its disease incident.This small fish of marine products is digested into fish slurry
Closed preservation at room temperature is placed in, can most long preserve 10 months be never degenerated in the case where artificially not adding preservative.
Experimental data is as follows：
It is experimental subjects that same maternal little yellow croaker is selected in experiment, and experiment uses natural light, is cultivated in breeding barrel, breeding seawater is
Deep sea water, using flowing water culture pattern, flow velocity 5L/min, 15 ± 0.5 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen is higher than 7mg/L, salinity 32 ‰,
PH7.5~8.0.Before experiment starts, stop eating 24h, selects uniform in size, physically fit and disease-free body surface yellow croaker juvenile fish.With
Fish is divided into 15 breeding barrels by machine, 3 treatment groups, each handles 5 repetitions, every barrel of 25 tails, are manually satiated with food feed two daily
Secondary 6:30 and 16:30, after feeding 30 minutes, to the residual bait gauge number in each bucket, according to the average weight of every 100 residual baits come
Calculate the residual bait weight do not ingested.It is added in following ratio in common fish meal and is fed：
Control group：Fish meal 30%；A groups： FH（Similar hydrolysate on the market）30%, B group：The small fish of marine products enzyme that embodiment 1 obtains
Full fish slurry 30% is solved, culture experiment amounts to 90 days, the feed intake to fish, feed rate respectively during raising（Weightening/feed）, the death rate
Recorded, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 small fish of marine products of table digests full fish slurry and substitutes the fish meal cultivation little yellow croaker table of comparisons
| Daily ration processing | Control | A groups | B groups |
| Initial weight, g | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| End weight, g | 135 | 145 | 160 |
| Feed intake, g | 145 | 160 | 165 |
| Feed efficiency, weightening/feed | 0.38 | 0.41 | 0.48 |
| Death rate % | 3.3 | 2.1 | 0.6 |
As seen from Table 1, the full fish slurry of small fish of marine products enzymolysis for adding 30wt% continuously feeds little yellow croaker three months, it averagely increases day by day
Weigh to 0.88g, improve 10% than adding the feed efficiency of control group of fish meal, the A groups feed effect of hydrolysate more similar than market
Rate improves 7%, while enhances the immune function of cultivation fish, reduces by 81% than adding the death rate of control group B groups of fish meal, compares city
The A groups death rate of the similar hydrolysate in face reduces by 71%.
The small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, and enzymolysis efficiency is high, is produced into
This is low, can substitute fish meal and be used for aquaculture, can be as the forage protein source of the economic feed of aquaculture.
The small fish of marine products enzymolysis of easy preservation prepares the advantages of enzymolysis rich in small peptide full fish slurry and is：
（1）Using the full fish of the small fish of marine products of low value as raw material, the living marine resources of China's abundant are taken full advantage of；
（2）The pulpous state small peptide product of high value is prepared using zymolysis technique, energy consumption is low and technological process is short, remains the battalion of the flesh of fish
Form point；
（3）The Apparent character of product is the paste with certain viscosity and flowable, easy to be mixed with other feed addictives
Feeding；
（4）Pasty products water content height is easily corrupt by microbial contamination, and natural antibacterial agent is produced by way of fermentation after enzymolysis
The pH of pasty products can be reduced, effectively suppress growth of microorganism breeding, improve the preservation cycle of pasty products, easy to preserving and
Reduce the cost input of artificial addition preservative.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of small fish of marine products of the easily preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step：
1）Granulating, will be freeze-dried to water content in 50wt%-70wt% using the full fish of fresh small fish of marine products as raw material fish, divided
Level is crushed to protein body of the full-size in below 5mm, and dry cold scattering, which freezes, puts；
2）Micronized, according to protein body and water quality than 1:0.2 adds 0-3 DEG C of pure water, ultra high shear in protein body
Protein particle slurry more than to 150 mesh, it is 1 to add pure water to raw material fish and water quality ratio:0.2~10；
3）Microminiaturization, protein particle slurry carry out microwave and surround heating, and 90-100 DEG C of boiling boils 10-20min, be cooled to microminiaturization temperature
55 DEG C~75 DEG C, ultrasonic probe stretches into protein particle slurry and acts on microminiaturization ultrasonic wave so that the protein particle of protein particle slurry
Diameter is reduced to below micron order or micron order, and small corpuscular protein activation slurry is made；
4）Enzymolysis, activates small corpuscular protein slurry progress microwave encirclement and is heated to 40 DEG C~65 DEG C of enzyme digestion reaction temperature, by raw material
The protease that fish weighs 0.01~2wt% is fixed on dispersible carrier surface, then dispersible carrier is uniformly fixed on to multiple preset body surfaces
Face, microwave, ultrasound, small corpuscular protein activation slurry are immersed in enzyme digestion reaction cycle alternation application 10-20min/ times in preset body, always
20~60min of enzyme digestion reaction time, obtains enzymolysis protein slurry；
5）High-temperature inactivation, surrounds enzymolysis protein slurry microwave and is heated to 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, constant temperature inactivates 15-30min, cold
But the clean full fish slurry of enzymolysis is obtained afterwards；
6）Fermentation, cleaning is seeded to by lactic acid bacteria and Propionibacterium according to cleaning enzymolysis full fish slurry gross weight 1~10wt% inoculum concentrations
Full fish slurry is digested, ferment 2~8h in 25~40 DEG C；
7）Separation concentration, zymotic fluid centrifuge out supernatant, and it is 30-60wt% to be concentrated in vacuo to moisture, up to easy preservation
The full fish slurry of the enzymolysis rich in small peptide；
Step 1）-7）In remaining oxygen<Carried out in 5% nitrogen environmental protection.
2. easily the preparation method of small fish of marine products enzymolysis full fish slurry of the preservation rich in small peptide, its feature exist as claimed in claim 1
In the preset body is polyethylene board, and dispersible carrier is fixed on multiple preset body surface faces, refers to uniformly glue the dispersible carrier
The upper and lower surface of thin polyethylene board is tied, finally multiple concentric circles are annular to be formed every assembling by multiple thin polyethylene board compartments
Flase floor.
3. easily the preparation method of small fish of marine products enzymolysis full fish slurry of the preservation rich in small peptide, its feature exist as claimed in claim 1
In the preset body is film（5.2）, the film（5.2）Upper surface has been spaced a plurality of isolation fin（5.3）, it is described
Isolate fin（5.3）In the sine curve of same period, the film（5.2）Upper and lower surface even adhesion has dispersible carrier
（5.4）, then film（5.2）Around axis（5.1）Outer circumferential surface is wound into the preset body coiling body of certain diameter（5）.
4. small fish of marine products of the easy preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, its feature as described in Claims 2 or 3
Be, the microwave surrounds heating, refers to that the perisporium interval of tubular container is equipped with multiple microwave generators, protein particle is starched into
Row microwave surrounds heating.
5. small fish of marine products of the easy preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry, its feature as described in Claims 2 or 3
It is, the effect microminiaturization ultrasonic wave, diameter 10-40mm ultrasonic probes stretch into tubular container apart from 1/3 depths of tube hub, more
A ultrasonic probe arranged for interval on ultraphonic pipe length direction, with frequency 20-40kHz, field strength 70-100w/cm2, ultrasonication
3-10 minutes.
6. easily the preparation method of small fish of marine products enzymolysis full fish slurry of the preservation rich in small peptide, its feature exist as claimed in claim 1
In the protease is fixed on dispersible carrier surface and is, prepares Fe3O4Magnetic nanoparticle, it is hydride modified to arrive Fe3O4Magnetism is received
Rice grain surface obtains micro- magnetic core, and protease covalent coupling to micro- magnetic core surface is obtained scattered silicon ribozyme particle.
7. easy small fish of marine products of the preservation rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is special
Sign is that it is to pass through that the microwave, ultrasound, small corpuscular protein, which activate slurry and be immersed in enzyme digestion reaction cycle alternation application in preset body,
Alternating action device realizes that the alternating action device includes the enzyme immobilization reaction tube of head and the tail connection（1）, microwave tube（2）
With ultrasonic wave duct（3）, the flase floor or the preset body coiling body（5）It is fixed on enzyme immobilization reaction tube（1）In, slurries with
Certain pressure is full of the alternating action device, and slurries in alternating action device per certain intermittent time after in alternating action
Device circulation primary；During intermittent time, slurries receive microwave action in microwave tube, and slurries receive ultrasonic wave work in ultrasonic wave duct
With enzyme immobilization reaction tube（1）Middle generation enzyme digestion reaction.
8. easily the preparation method of small fish of marine products enzymolysis full fish slurry of the preservation rich in small peptide, its feature exist as claimed in claim 7
In the circulation primary refers to, enzymolysis immobilization reactor can be calculated according to pipe flow（1）Slurries substantially all flow to microwave
Pipe（2）In, microwave tube（2）In slurries substantially all flow to ultrasonic wave duct（3）In, the circulation time needed for such circulation primary
（T）It is determined as the intermittent time.
9. a kind of small fish of marine products of preservation easy as described in claim 1-8 is any rich in small peptide digests the preparation method of full fish slurry
The obtained small fish of marine products rich in small peptide digests full fish slurry, it is characterised in that the small fish of marine products digests full fish slurry as tool
There is the paste of certain viscosity and flowable, wherein amino acid residue is 15~20 in the small peptide content of small molecule of 10 or so
wt%。
10. a kind of, easily small fish of marine products of the preservation rich in small peptide digests full fish slurry in aquaculture as claimed in claim 9
Using, it is characterised in that it is continuous to digest full fish slurry replacement fish meal with the small fish of marine products for accounting for fish meal gross weight at least 20wt%
Feed cultured fishes.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108576693A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-09-28 | 山东鱼公生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve immune and anti-oxidation function anchovy enzymolysis object and preparation method thereof |
| CN108850688A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江亿丰海洋生物制品有限公司 | A kind of fish meal and preparation method thereof |
| CN108850686A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江亿丰海洋生物制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation squid liver paste for fishes and shrimps opening material |
| CN108902466A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-30 | 岭商（浙江）生物科技有限公司 | A kind of molten slurry of hydrolysis fish and its production method and application |
| CN109699807A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-03 | 舟山瑞洋水产品研发有限公司 | Ultrasonic extracting process and corollary equipment |
| CN111165649A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 潘志杰 | Equipment and processing technology for preparing ocean fish oligopeptide powder |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108850688A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江亿丰海洋生物制品有限公司 | A kind of fish meal and preparation method thereof |
| CN108850686A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江亿丰海洋生物制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation squid liver paste for fishes and shrimps opening material |
| CN108902466A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-30 | 岭商（浙江）生物科技有限公司 | A kind of molten slurry of hydrolysis fish and its production method and application |
| CN108576693A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-09-28 | 山东鱼公生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve immune and anti-oxidation function anchovy enzymolysis object and preparation method thereof |
| CN109699807A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-03 | 舟山瑞洋水产品研发有限公司 | Ultrasonic extracting process and corollary equipment |
| CN111165649A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 潘志杰 | Equipment and processing technology for preparing ocean fish oligopeptide powder |
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Address after: 317600 Jiusheng Road, bingang industrial city, Yuhuan City, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Yuhuan Wufeng steamed and degreased fish meal factory Address before: Five, 317607 Industrial Zone, Yuhuan County, Zhejiang, Taizhou Applicant before: YUHUAN WUFENG DRYING AND DEGREASING FISH MEAL FACTORY |
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Denomination of invention: The invention relates to a preparation method of enzymatic whole fish slurry of marine small miscellaneous fish easy to preserve and rich in small peptides Effective date of registration: 20220408 Granted publication date: 20201020 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Yuhuan branch Pledgor: Yuhuan Wufeng steamed and degreased fish meal factory Registration number: Y2022330000476 |
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Address after: 9 Jiusheng Road, bingang industrial city, Yuhuan City, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 317600 Patentee after: Yuhuan Wufeng DRY and Skim Fish Meal FACTORY Address before: 9 Jiusheng Road, bingang industrial city, Yuhuan City, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 317600 Patentee before: Yuhuan Wufeng steamed and degreased fish meal factory |