CN107978762A - Electrode with the conductive grid in active material structure - Google Patents
Electrode with the conductive grid in active material structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107978762A CN107978762A CN201710983512.8A CN201710983512A CN107978762A CN 107978762 A CN107978762 A CN 107978762A CN 201710983512 A CN201710983512 A CN 201710983512A CN 107978762 A CN107978762 A CN 107978762A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- material structure
- electrolyte
- electrode
- conductive grid
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- Pending
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- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021561 transition metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015091 medicinal tea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010163 Li2MO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000152 cobalt phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);diphosphate Chemical compound [Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel cobalt aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the electrode with the conductive grid in active material structure.It is used for electrochemical cell and/or the electrode of battery pack the present invention relates to a kind of.In order to improve the conductive capability of battery and/or battery pack, the electrode has with collector(2)On protrusion and/or depression for form active material structure(1), wherein the active material structure(1)Use conductive grid(3)Carry out coating, and wherein in the active material structure(1)Between intermediate gaps with least one electrolyte(4)To fill.Moreover, it relates to a kind of such battery and/or battery pack and a kind of manufacture method for this.
Description
Technical field
It is used for electrochemical cell and/or the electrode and a kind of electrochemical cell and/or electricity of battery pack the present invention relates to a kind of
Pond group and a kind of manufacture method for this.
Background technology
Electrochemical cell and battery pack(Such as lithium battery and/or lithium battery group)Nowadays it is used in large-tonnage product as storage
Can device.
2015/0004480 A1 of published document US are related to a kind of electrode for accumulator, and the electrode includes having big
The porous silicon for the raceway groove that amount is opened wide on the surface.Here, precipitation has the constitutionally stable material of progress in the raceway groove.
10 2,012 215 921 A1 of published document DE are related to a kind of battery pack with electrode layer, and depression is introduced in
In the electrode layer.
2011/123135 A1 of published document WO are related to a kind of charge accumulator, and the charge accumulator has first to lead
Electric structure and the second conductive structure.Here, at least one loose structure including having such as lower channel in the conductive structure,
The raceway groove has the opening on the surface of the loose structure.
The content of the invention
Subject of the present invention is a kind of electrode, such as a kind of cathode or anode, for electrochemical cell and/or battery pack,
Such as lithium battery and/or lithium battery group, for example for lithium ion battery and/or Li-ion batteries piles.
The electrode is especially included by protrusion on a current collector and/or the active material structure being recessed in the form of.Here,
The active material structure is especially with conductive grid come coating.Here, the intermediate gaps between the active material structure are outstanding
It is to fill up with least one electrolyte to fill, especially.
Advantageously, by by active material structure raised and/or that depression is in the form of and in the active material structure
Between with least one electrolyte come the intermediate gaps filled, the effective ionic conductivity of electrolyte phase is not for example
It can be enhanced in the case of the similar electrolyte volumn concentration of the electrode constructed together, for example be maximized, and lead to
Cross the coating in the form of the conductive grid in active material structure, conductive additive(Such as on the whole and/or in active material
Expect in structure)Amount can be lowered, for example minimize.So, it can be advantageous to improve the ionic conductivity of electrode and lead
Electric energy power and than energy and energy density.
In this way, the ability to work of the battery and/or battery pack equipped with the electrode can be improved on the whole.
In the range of an embodiment, the surface of conductive grid covering active material structure >=25% to≤75%,
Especially >=40% to≤60%, e.g., from about 50%.In this way, advantageously, while highly conductive ability can be realized by conductive grid,
And macroion conducting power, the height especially between electrolyte and active material can be realized by the mesh of conductive grid
Ionic conductivity.
Especially, conductive grid and collector can make electrical contact with.
In the range of an embodiment, conductive grid is connected with collector direct conduction, or conductive grid directly connects
Touch collector.
The following surface segment of collector can be between active material structure, in the surface segment, in activity
Intermediate gaps between material structure extend up to the surface of collector, and the surface of collector is for example without active material.
In the range of a specific designing scheme, the surface segment between active material structure of collector
(Especially described surface segment)(Equally)With conductive grid come coating.In this way, extra high conductive energy can be advantageously carried out
Power.
In the range of another embodiment, conductive grid is connect by the active material comprising at least one conductive additive
Section is touched to be conductively connected with collector.For example, the active material contact area section can include(It is enhanced if necessary)It is conductive
Additive component, such as carbon particle and/or carbon fiber(Such as the carbon particle with the mean particle size in sub-micrometer range
And/or carbon fiber), such as graphite particle and/or carbon black granules, and/or carbon nano-fiber.In this manner it is achieved that enough leads
Electric energy power, and can be implemented advantageously in the moulding free degree of the higher in terms of the shape and layout of active material structure.
In the range of another embodiment, conductive grid is constructed including carbon or by carbon.
In the range of another embodiment, active material structure by the protrusion of point-like and/or depression in the form of, for example with
Cylinder and/or(Such as taper)Tip is form, and/or by elongated protrusion and/or depression in the form of, for example with thin slice or
Dam and/or groove be form, for example with(Especially substantially)It is polygon, such as quadrangle(It is especially trapezoidal)
Or the cross section of triangle constructs.
In the range of another embodiment, the active material structure and/or between the active material structure
Intermediate gaps have:Following height or depth(H), the height or depth(H)In the range of >=1 μm to≤100 μm, such as
From >=2 μm or >=30 μm to≤70 μm, e.g., about 50 μm;And/or mean breadth(B), the mean breadth(B)From >=1 μm
To≤100 μm, such as from >=2 μm or >=5 μm to≤20 μm, e.g., about 5 μm or about 10 μm;And/or length(L), it is described
Length(L)It is either more for example until millimeter scope or cm range for tens μm.
In the range of another embodiment, the electrode is that cathode and/or the active material structure include at least one
Kind active material of cathode.
In addition, the active material structure can include at least one adhesive, especially polymer adhesive if necessary.
In addition, the active material structure can also include at least one conductive additive if necessary.By conductive grid,
Can minimize the amount of the conductive additive in the active material structure, or if necessary can be completely left out described
Conductive additive in active material structure.
At least one active material of cathode can for example include or can be insertion material and/or attachment material
And/or converting material.For example, at least one active material of cathode can include or can be:At least one transition gold
Belong to oxide(Such as in the form of layered oxide), such as nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide(HE-NCM or NCM, such as NCM 111, NCM
532nd, NCM 622 and/or NCM 811)And/or nickel cobalt aluminum oxide(NCA)And/or lithium and cobalt oxides(LCO)And/or for example with
The form of spinelle, such as lithium manganese oxide(LMO), and/or transition metal phosphate, for example in the form of olivine, for example
LiFePO4(LFP)And/or lithium manganese phosphate(LMP)And/or cobalt phosphate lithium(LCP);And/or transition metal fluorides, such as have
There are face centered cubic transition metal fluorides, such as the FCC materials rich in lithium(FCC:English:Face Centered Cubic
(Face-centered cube), German kubisch dichteste Packung), such as lithium-transition metal fluorides, such as Li2MO2F(Its
Middle M=vanadium(V)And/or chromium(Cr)And/or FeF3);And/or sulfide, such as sulphur polymer composites and/or sulphur carbon it is compound
Material(Such as sulphur polyacrylonitrile composite material, such as SPAN)And/or other sulphur polymer.
In the range of another embodiment, at least one electrolyte includes:At least one solid electrolyte, especially
It is solid polyelectrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte and/or ceramic solid electrolyte, for example, at least a kind of polymer
Electrolyte, for example, at least a kind of polymer dielectric and/or at least one for conducting single ion(It is especially traditional)Polymerization
Thing electrolyte(By at least one conduction ion, especially the polymer of conducting lithium ions and at least one be especially dissolved in
Conducting salt therein(Especially lithium conducting salt)Form);And/or at least one inorganic ions conductor, for example, at least a kind of glass
Shape ion conductor and/or ceramic ionic conductor, for example, at least a kind of chalcogenide glass;And/or at least one polymer gel electrolyte
Matter, such as conducting salt therein is especially dissolved in by least one polymer, at least one(Such as lithium conducting salt)At least
A kind of softening agent(Such as ionic liquid and/or low molecule neutrality medicinal tea)Form;And/or at least one liquid electrolyte, such as by
At least one electrolyte solvent(The electrolyte solvent can also be polymer if necessary)With at least one conducting salt(Such as lithium
Conducting salt)Form, or at least one electrolyte is constructed by them.
The polymer dielectric for conducting single ion is especially construed as following polymer, especially solid as follows
Polymer, in the polymer, ionic species, such as cation only to be conducted(Such as lithium ion)Be it is mobile,
The correspondence ion of wherein described ionic species(Such as anion)Do not move, be especially covalently bound on polymer chain.
Conduction ion, such as conducting lithium ions polymer is especially construed as following polymer, the polymerization
Thing in itself can be without the ion to be conducted(Such as lithium ion), but the polymer is suitable for making the ion to be conducted
(Such as lithium ion)And/or the correspondence ion for the ion to be conducted(Such as lithium conduction salt anionic)Coordination and/or solvation,
And for example adding the ion to be conducted(Such as lithium ion)In the case of become conducting lithium ions.
The electrode can for example be manufactured by the manufacture method being set forth below.
Whereby, the other technical characteristics and advantage on electrode according to the invention, clearly refer to according to the present invention
The elaboration that is associated of method, battery according to the invention and/or battery pack and refering to attached drawing and brief description of the drawings.
Another theme is a kind of for manufacturing the electrode of electrochemical cell and/or battery pack and/or for manufacturing electrochemistry
The method of battery and/or battery pack.For example, this method can be designed to manufacture lithium battery and/or lithium battery group, such as lithium
The electrode of ion battery and/or Li-ion batteries piles, and/or for manufacturing lithium battery and/or lithium battery group, such as lithium-ion electric
Pond and/or Li-ion batteries piles.This method can especially be designed to manufacture electrode and/or battery according to the invention and/
Or battery pack.
In the method, especially construct on a current collector by active material structure that is raised and/or being recessed in the form of.Institute
State active material structure(Then)With conductive grid come coating, and the intermediate gaps between the active material structure are with extremely
A kind of few electrolyte is to fill up to fill, especially.
In the method, the electrode can be constructed to battery, is for example built with together with membrane and/or another electrode
Into battery.
The active material structure can be for example constructed on a current collector in the following way:Collector is applied with ointment
Layer, the ointment include active material particle, at least one adhesive(Especially polymer adhesive)With at least one solvent.
Then, after with ointment come coating, at least one solvent of the ointment can be removed again, such as in the drying process
Evaporation.Here, the active material particle can for example have a following mean particle size, the mean particle size >=
In the range of 500nm to≤10 μm, for example in the range of >=1 μm to≤5 μm.
In the range of an embodiment, by vacuum and/or gas phase and/or aerosol deposition method, for example pass through
Chemical vapor deposition(CVD, English:Chemical Vapour Deposition)And/or physical vapour deposition (PVD)(PVD, English:
Physical Vapour Deposition)And/or atomic layer deposition(ALD, English:Atomic Layer Deposition),
With conductive grid come coating.
In the range of another embodiment, it is impregnated with by using the suspension including at least one conductive additive described
Active material structure, with conductive grid come coating.Here, the suspension can especially include a kind of solvent or a kind of solvent mixes
Compound, in the solvent or the solvent mixture, at least one adhesive of the active material structure, especially polymerize
Thing adhesive cannot preferably dissolve.For example, can in the case of polar adhesive agent of the suspension in active material structure
With including a kind of nonpolar solvent or solvent mixture, and vice versa.Here, at least one conductive additive is especially
It can include or can be carbon particle and/or carbon fiber(Such as the carbon with the mean particle size in sub-micrometer range
Particle and/or carbon fiber), such as graphite particle and/or carbon black granules, and/or carbon nano-fiber.
At least one electrolyte can for example include or can be:At least one solid electrolyte, especially gather
Compound solid electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte and/or ceramic solid electrolyte, for example, at least a kind of polymer electrolytic
Matter, for example, at least a kind of polymer dielectric and/or at least one for conducting single ion(It is especially traditional)Electrostrictive polymer
Xie Zhi(By at least one conduction ion, especially the polymer of conducting lithium ions and at least one be especially dissolved in wherein
Conducting salt(Especially lithium conducting salt)Form);And/or at least one inorganic ions conductor, for example, at least it is a kind of it is glassy from
Sub- conductor and/or ceramic ionic conductor, for example, at least a kind of chalcogenide glass;And/or at least one gel-form solid polymer electrolyte, example
Conducting salt therein is especially such as dissolved in by least one polymer, at least one(Such as lithium conducting salt)It is soft with least one
Agent(Such as ionic liquid and/or low molecule neutrality medicinal tea)Form;And/or at least one liquid electrolyte, such as by least one
Kind electrolyte solvent and at least one conducting salt(Such as lithium conducting salt)Form.
In the range of another embodiment, at least one electrolyte is liquid electrolyte.Here, in the activity
Intermediate gaps between material structure can especially be filled with least one liquid electrolyte in the following way:Electrode fills
Put, such as()Battery for example is constructed to together with membrane and/or another electrode after with conductive grid coating, and
Then the battery is filled or loaded, is especially to fill up with least one liquid electrolyte.Here, except being filled in
State outside the intermediate gaps between active material structure, at least one liquid electrolyte can advantageously be filled in the work
Within property material structure and/or the micropore in the membrane and/or in another electrode.
In the range of another embodiment, at least one electrolyte is polymer dielectric.Here, in the work
Intermediate gaps between property material structure can for example be filled with least one polymer dielectric in the following way:It is described
Active material structure is used(It is especially as low-viscosity as possible)Liquid, such as(Polymer)Solution is impregnated with, and the liquid includes
At least one polymer dielectric and at least one solvent.Here, except the centre being filled between the active material structure
Outside gap, at least one polymer dielectric can advantageously be filled in the micropore within the active material structure.
In this case, at least one solvent especially can also be following solvent or solvent mixture, in the solvent or institute
State in solvent mixture, at least one adhesive of the active material structure, especially polymer adhesive preferably cannot
Dissolving.For example, a kind of nonpolar solvent can be included in the case of polar adhesive agent of the liquid in active material structure
Or solvent mixture, and vice versa.
Active material structure is impregnated with and can be carried out after with conductive grid coating with liquid, otherwise can also with
Conductive grid coating is carried out at the same time.
In the range of a designing scheme, the liquid, especially(Polymer)Solution additionally includes at least one
Conductive additive, such as carbon particle and/or carbon fiber(Such as the carbon particle with the mean particle size in sub-micrometer range
And/or carbon fiber), such as graphite particle and/or carbon black granules, and/or carbon nano-fiber.Here, the liquid is on described
At least one polymer dielectric can be solution and can be suspension at least one conductive additive.In this way,
In a method and step, it can be advantageous to while with conductive grid to the active material structure coating and with least one
Polymer dielectric is filled in the intermediate gaps between the active material structure to fill, especially.
After the active material structure described in the liquid immersion, at least one solvent of the liquid can again by
Remove, such as evaporate in the drying process.Especially, being impregnated with and to described to the active material structure with the liquid
The removing of at least one solvent of liquid can be repeated at least once more, especially at least twice, for example once arrive three times.In this way,
Dry contraction can advantageously be overcome.
In the range of a specific designing scheme, the active material structure is led in first time with including at least one
The liquid of electric additive, especially(Polymer)Solution-conductive additive suspension is impregnated with, and next several times with without leading
The liquid of electric additive, especially(Polymer)Solution is impregnated with.In this way, when being impregnated with for the first time, the active material structure
Can be with the conductive grid being made of at least one conductive additive come coating, and between the active material structure
Intermediate gaps can be filled partly with least one polymer dielectric, and if necessary in the active material knot
Micropore in structure can also be filled with least one polymer dielectric, wherein in ensuing be impregnated with, described
Intermediate gaps between active material structure can continue to be filled out to fill, especially with least one polymer dielectric
It is full.
In the range of another embodiment, at least one electrolyte is thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or glass
Glass shape solid electrolyte, such as chalcogenide glass.Here, the intermediate gaps between the active material structure can especially pass through
Following manner is filled with least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte:The active material
Structure is with least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one glassy, solid state electrolyte in temperature height
When the fusion temperature of at least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one glassy, solid state electrolyte
Carry out coating.
For example, the active material structure can use such as lower floor(Such as thin layer)Carry out coating, the layer is by described at least one
The melt of kind thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one glassy, solid state electrolyte is formed, and the fusing
Thing then can be rolled and/or extrude, for example, roll and/or extrude by means of calendar rolls.Here, the melt example
It can such as be conveyed by seam type nozzle.Here, active material structure on a current collector can transport on an assembly line.
Rolling or extruding to the melt for example can for example be held in the case of high flowing water specific electric load between the rollers 27 and 28
OK.In this manner it is achieved that lasting manufacturing process.
Here, temperature for example can be so adjusted, said melt has≤viscosity of 1000Pas.In this way,
Intermediate gaps between the active material structure can be filled with least one electrolyte.
Especially, temperature can be so adjusted, and said melt has the≤viscosity of 10Pas.In this way, institute
Stating the micropore in active material structure can also be filled with least one electrolyte.
For example, at least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one glassy, solid state electrolyte,
Especially in solid form(Such as in the form of a powder)At least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or it is described extremely
A kind of used amount for example every square centimeter of few glassy, solid state electrolyte can especially at least correspond in the work
Volume, the especially free volume of intermediate gaps between property material structure.In order to be also filled in the active material structure
In micropore, at least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one glassy, solid state electrolyte, especially
It is in solid form(Such as in the form of a powder)At least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or described at least one
The used amount for example every square centimeter of kind glassy, solid state electrolyte can for example be adjusted being more than in the active material
Expect volume, the especially free volume of the intermediate gaps between structure, and for example can correspond in the active material
The sum of the volume of intermediate gaps between structure and the volume of micropore in the active material structure.
Whereby, the other technical characteristics and advantage on the method according to the invention, clearly refer to according to the present invention
The elaboration that is associated of electrode, battery according to the invention and/or battery pack and refering to attached drawing and brief description of the drawings.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of electrochemical cell and/or battery pack, such as lithium battery and/or lithium battery group, example
Such as lithium ion battery and/or Li-ion batteries piles, the electrochemical cell and/or battery pack include electrode according to the invention
And/or electrode, and/or manufactured by the method according to the invention made in accordance with the present invention.
Whereby, on battery according to the invention and/or the other technical characteristics and advantage of battery pack, clearly refer to
Elaboration that electrode according to the invention, the method according to the invention are associated and refering to attached drawing and brief description of the drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
The further advantage of theme according to the invention and favourable designing scheme are illustrated and subsequent by attached drawing
Illustrated in description.Herein it should be noted that:The attached drawing only has the characteristics that descriptive and is not considered in the form of a certain
To limit the present invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is shown by an embodiment according to the invention for being used for electrochemical cell and/or the electrode of battery pack
Schematic cross-section;
Fig. 2 is shown by another embodiment according to the invention for being used for electrochemical cell and/or the electrode of battery pack
Schematic cross-section;And
Fig. 3 is shown according to the invention to be used to manufacture electrode or battery according to the invention and/or battery pack for illustrating
The schematic cross-section of one embodiment of method.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is shown:The electrode has by active material structure 1 that is raised and/or being recessed in the form of, the activity material
Material structure 1 is applied on collector 2.Here, the active material structure 1 by point-like or elongated protrusion in the form of(Such as
With(Such as taper)Tip or thin slice or dam are form)Constructed with quadrangle, for example trapezoidal cross section.
This, there are intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1.
Active material structure 1 and the intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 can for example have at >=1 μm
In the range of to≤100 μm(E.g., about 50 μm)Height H and >=2 μm to≤20 μm of mean breadth B.As long as active material
Material structure 1 is constructed by elongated protrusion in the form of, these active material structures 1 for example can with tens μm of length or
Person is more, such as until millimeter scope or cm range.
Between the active material structure 1, collector 2 has surface segment 2a, the surface segment 2a without activity
Material so that the intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 extend up to the surface of collector 2 there.
The active material structure 1 and the surface between the active material structure 1 for also including the collector 2
The conductive grid 3 that section 2a is made of with conductive grid 3, for example carbon is come coating.Due to also giving the collector with conductive grid 3
The 2 surface segment 2a coatings between the active material structure 1, it can be advantageous to make conductive grid 3 in a straightforward manner
It is connected with 2 direct conduction of collector.
Here, intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 with least one electrolyte 4 to fill, especially
Fill up.At least one electrolyte 4 can for example include or can be:At least one solid polyelectrolyte and/or
Glassy, solid state electrolyte and/or ceramic solid electrolyte, such as polymer dielectric and/or chalcogenide glass;And/or at least one
Kind liquid electrolyte.
Advantageously, highly conductive ability can be realized by conductive grid 3, and can be real by the mesh of conductive grid 3
Existing macroion conducting power, the macroion conduction energy especially between electrolyte 4 and the active material of active material structure 1
Power.For example, conductive grid 3 can cover the surface of active material structure 1 >=25% to≤75%, e.g., from about 50%.
The electrode for example can be cathode.Here, the active material structure can especially include at least one cathode
Active material, such as insertion material and/or attachment material and/or converting material, and can include if necessary at least one viscous
Mixture, especially polymer adhesive.
Embodiment shown in figure 2 carries out area basically by following manner and embodiment shown in FIG. 1
Not:The surface of collector 2 is covered with active material or active material structure 1 completely.Here, active material structure 1 is active
The component of material section 1a, the active material contact area section 1a comprising at least one conductive additive, especially carried
High component.Here, the active material structure 1 and also include the active material contact area section 1a conductive grids 3, example
The conductive grid 3 being such as made of carbon is come coating.In this case, conductive grid 3 by active material contact area section 1a especially
It is to be conductively connected indirectly with collector 2.
Fig. 3 is illustrated:In the range of the shown embodiment of this method, construction is with convex first on collector 2
Rise and/or be recessed as the active material structure 1 of form.Then, the active material structure 1 with conductive grid 3 come coating, and
Intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 are to fill up with least one electrolyte 4 to fill, especially.Then, electrode 1,
2nd, 3,4 for example can in the form of cathode, such as with membrane 5 and with another electrode 6(Such as with anode)And with another collection
Fluid 7 is constructed to battery 10 together.
If necessary, can be with the coating of conductive grid 3 and the filling to the intermediate gaps between active material structure 1
Performed in one combined method step, such as in the combined method step, the active material structure 1 is first with including extremely
A kind of few conductive additive, solvent-laden polyelectrolyte solution(Such as polyelectrolyte solution-conductive additive is hanged
Turbid)To be impregnated with, and after solvent removal next several times with no conductive additive, solvent-laden polymer electrolytic
Matter solution is impregnated with and again by solvent cleaning.In this way, when being impregnated with for the first time, the active material structure 1 can with by
The conductive grid 3 that at least one conductive additive is formed carrys out coating, and middle empty between the active material structure 1
Gap can be filled partly with polymer dielectric 4, and the micropore in the active material structure 1 can also if necessary
Filled with polymer dielectric 4, wherein in ensuing be impregnated with, the intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1
It can continue to be to fill up to fill, especially with polymer dielectric.
As long as at least one electrolyte 4 is liquid electrolyte, the intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1
It can be filled in the following way with liquid electrolyte 4:Electrode assembly after with 3 coating of conductive grid for example with
Membrane 5, another electrode 6 and another collector 7 are constructed to battery 10 together, and the battery 10 and are also included within herein
Intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 are to fill up with liquid electrolyte 4 to load, especially.Here, except being filled in
Outside intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1, the liquid electrolyte 4 can advantageously be filled in the active material
Expect structure 1 within and/or the micropore in the membrane 5 and/or in another electrode 6.
As long as at least one electrolyte 4 is thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte, such as
Chalcogenide glass, the intermediate gaps between the active material structure 1 can for example be filled out with electrolyte 4 in the following way
Fill:The active material structure 1 is with the thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or the glassy, solid state electrolyte 4 in temperature
Coating is carried out during higher than the fusion temperature of the thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or the glassy, solid state electrolyte 4.
This, the active material structure 1 for example can with thin layer come coating, the thin layer by the thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/
Or the glassy, solid state electrolyte melt form, and the melt then can be rolled and/or extrude, for example by means of
Help calendar rolls to roll and/or extrude.In this case, viscosity is adjusted by adjusting temperature and whereby, advantageously
It can also realize:In addition to the intermediate gaps between being filled in the active material structure 1, electrolyte 4 can be filled in institute
State the micropore within active material structure 1.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is used for electrochemical cell and/or battery pack(10), especially lithium battery and/or lithium battery group electrode, it is described
Electrode is included with collector(2)On protrusion and/or depression for form active material structure(1), wherein, the activity material
Expect structure(1)Use conductive grid(3)Carry out coating, and wherein, in the active material structure(1)Between intermediate gaps with extremely
A kind of few electrolyte(4)To fill.
2. electrode according to claim 1, wherein, the conductive grid(3)Cover the active material structure(1)Table
Face >=25% to≤75%.
3. electrode according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the conductive grid(3)With the collector(2)Direct conduction
Connection, or wherein, the conductive grid(3)Pass through the active material contact area section comprising at least one conductive additive(1a)
With the collector(2)It is conductively connected.
4. the electrode according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the collector(2)In the active material structure
(1)Between surface segment(2a)With the conductive grid(3)Carry out coating.
5. the electrode according to one of Claims 1-4, wherein, the conductive grid(3)Including carbon.
6. the electrode according to one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the active material structure(1)With point-like protrusion and/
Or depression be form, especially by cylinder and/or tip, such as taper tip in the form of, and/or with elongated protrusion with/
Or depression constructs for form, especially in the form of thin slice and/or groove are.
7. the electrode according to one of claim 1 to 6, wherein, the active material structure(1)And/or in the activity
Material structure(1)Between intermediate gaps have
- the height or depth in the range of >=1 μm to≤100 μm(H), and/or
The mean breadth of->=2 μm to≤20 μm(B).
8. the electrode according to one of claim 1 to 7, wherein, the electrode is cathode, and/or wherein, the activity material
Expect structure(1)Including at least one active material of cathode.
9. the electrode according to one of claim 1 to 8, wherein, at least one electrolyte(4)It is poly- including at least one
Compound solid electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte and/or ceramic solid electrolyte, and/or at least one liquid electrolyte
Matter.
A kind of 10. method, for manufacturing electrochemical cell and/or battery pack(10)Electrode, especially in accordance with claim 1 to
Electrode described in one of 9 and/or for manufacturing electrochemical cell and/or battery pack(10), especially in accordance with claim 15 institute
The electrochemical cell and/or battery pack stated(10), wherein, in collector(2)Upper construction is by work that is raised and/or being recessed in the form of
Property material structure(1), the active material structure(1)Use conductive grid(3)Carry out coating and in the active material structure(1)It
Between intermediate gaps with least one electrolyte(4)To fill.
11. according to the method described in claim 10,
Wherein, by vacuum and/or gas phase and/or aerosol deposition method, especially by chemical vapor deposition and/or physics
Vapour deposition and/or atomic layer deposition, with the conductive grid(3)Carry out coating;Or
Wherein, the active material structure is impregnated with by using the suspension including at least one conductive additive(1), with described
Conductive grid(3)Carry out coating.
12. the method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, at least one electrolyte(4)It is liquid electrolyte, its
In in the active material structure(1)Between intermediate gaps in the following way with least one liquid electrolyte(4)To fill out
Fill:Electrode assembly is with the conductive grid(3)After coating especially with membrane(5)And/or another electrode(6、7)Together by
It is built into battery(10), and the then battery(10)With at least one liquid electrolyte(4)To load.
13. the method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, at least one electrolyte(4)It is polymer dielectric,
Wherein in the active material structure(1)Between intermediate gaps in the following way with least one polymer dielectric(4)
To fill:The active material structure(1)It is impregnated with liquid, the liquid is including at least one polymer dielectric and at least
A kind of solvent, wherein in the active material structure described in the liquid immersion(1)Afterwards, at least one solvent weight of the liquid
Newly it is removed, especially wherein with the liquid to the active material structure(1)Be impregnated with and to the liquid at least
A kind of removing of solvent is repeated at least once more.
14. the method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, at least one electrolyte(4)It is thermoplastic polymer
Electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte, especially chalcogenide glass, wherein in the active material structure(1)Between in
Between gap in the following way with least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or glassy, solid state electrolyte(4)To fill:
The active material structure(1)It is glassy solid with least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one
State electrolyte(4)It is glassy solid higher than at least one thermoplastic polymer electrolyte and/or at least one in temperature
State electrolyte(4)Fusion temperature when carry out coating.
15. a kind of electrochemical cell and/or battery pack(10), especially lithium battery and/or lithium battery group, the electrochemical cell
And/or battery pack includes the electrode according to one of claim 1 to 9, and/or the electrochemical cell and/or battery pack
Including by according to the method described in one of claim 10 to 14 come the electrode that manufactures, and/or the electrochemical cell and/or
Battery pack according to the method described in one of claim 10 to 14 by manufacturing.
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CN108682785A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-19 | 桑德集团有限公司 | A kind of cathode for lithium battery and preparation method thereof, lithium battery |
CN110642336A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 王偲偲 | Electrolytic bath |
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DE102018205795A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing a microstructured electrode of an electrochemical cell |
DE102018112641A1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Lithium anode and process for its preparation |
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