CN107975951A - A kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN107975951A CN107975951A CN201710996763.XA CN201710996763A CN107975951A CN 107975951 A CN107975951 A CN 107975951A CN 201710996763 A CN201710996763 A CN 201710996763A CN 107975951 A CN107975951 A CN 107975951A
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- heat
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- change material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir, wherein heat-storing device includes the heat accumulation tank body for heat accumulation, the both sides of heat accumulation tank body are respectively arranged with heat input port and heat delivery outlet, multi-layer phase change material is set in heat accumulation tank body, the passage of heat transfer medium circulation is formed by the gap of multi-layer phase change material between heat input port and heat delivery outlet, the phase transition temperature of every layer of phase-change material is incremented by one by one along heat input port to heat delivery outlet direction, and phase transition temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material for the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium.For the present invention by setting the different phase-change material of multilayer, it can provide the accumulation of heat heat of enough capacity with different phase transition temperatures, and can accelerate heat accumulation efficiency by latent heat of phase change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy heat-storage technical field, and in particular to a kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir.
Background technology
With raising of the shortage and people of conventional energy resource to environmental quality requirement, solar energy as regenerative resource,
It develops and utilizes the important component for becoming today's society energy strategy.Due to the discontinuity and shakiness of solar radiation
Qualitative, the operation of solar power system also has strong fluctuation and intermittence, to ensure that solar thermal utilization stablizes fortune
OK, make up between the supply and demand of the energy in existing quantity, in form, time and difference spatially, solar heat profit
With generally heat reservoir is all carried in system, which can be converted to heat storage by the solar radiation on daytime, when
There is no that heat is discharged utilization again during solar irradiation.
In solar power system, to provide, intermittently electric power does not meet high crest segment power demand, while ensure that power grid is put down
Weighing apparatus, heat accumulation type photo-thermal power generation can provide the base-load supply of good scheduling property for power grid, can not only solve the available of solar energy
Property with the unmatched contradiction of electricity needs, to solar energy " peak load shifting " to extend system generating dutation, optimization uses renewable
The share and energy efficiency of the energy and raising solar energy in energy utilization, and can effectively systems stabilisation operation and raising
System generating efficiency.
Most of current heat reservoir is the mode based on sensible heat heat accumulation, is stored using the temperature change of heat accumulation object
The mode of heat is known as sensible heat heat accumulation, such as：It is exactly the mode using sensible heat heat accumulation based on thermoclinic single tank heat reservoir, should
Single tank heat reservoir only has a heat storage can, during heat release high-temperature heat-storage working medium at the top of tank by high temperature pumped, by heat exchange
After device heat release cooling, entered by pot bottom in tank；When filling heat low temperature heat accumulation working medium in the bottom of tank by low temperature pumped, by changing
After hot device heating, entered by the top of tank in tank.Since cold and hot fluid is stored in a tank at the same time, the liquid of high and low temperature
The density of body medium is different, and a mesolimnion that thickness is smaller but temperature gradient is very big can be formed between the cold and hot fluid in single tank,
Thermoclinic presence is separated by cold and hot fluid, so single tank heat reservoir is properly termed as mesolimnion heat reservoir again.Heat accumulation
When mesolimnion above hot fluid gradually increase, cold fluid below gradually decreases, and mesolimnion moves down, then phase during heat release
Instead, the heat accumulation working medium of extraction can keep constant temperature.
Since sensible heat heat accumulation is to store heat using the temperature change of heat accumulation object, therefore its energy storage density is smaller, unit
The energy that volume can store is less so that the volume of energy storage device is excessively huge, and heat storage capacity is limited.Because solar irradiation is strong
The complicated fluctuation of degree, and be to degenerate to expand to mesolimnion in a charge and discharge heat circulating system based on thermoclinic single can system
Suppress, can not effectively avoid since mesolimnion caused by function of environment heat emission and various local turbulents is expanded, so the system is in frequency
It will aggravate the local turbulent of inlet and outlet during numerous charge and discharge hot-swap using thermoclinic single tank heat accumulation so that the system effectiveness
Reduce, and cause system operation unstable.
The content of the invention
Therefore, technical problems to be solved of the embodiment of the present invention be it is of the prior art using sensible heat heat accumulation based on oblique
The heat accumulation mode of warm layer, since the heat reservoir will be added during frequent charge and discharge hot-swap using thermoclinic single tank heat accumulation
The local turbulent of play inlet and outlet so that the system effectiveness reduces, and causes system operation unstable.
For this reason, an embodiment of the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of heat-storing device of offer of the embodiment of the present invention, including the heat accumulation tank body for heat accumulation, the two of the heat accumulation tank body
Side is respectively arranged with heat input port and heat delivery outlet, and multi-layer phase change material, the heat are set in the heat accumulation tank body
The passage of heat transfer medium circulation, institute are formed by the gap of the multi-layer phase change material between input port and the heat delivery outlet
The phase transition temperature for stating every layer of phase-change material is incremented by one by one along the heat input port to the heat delivery outlet direction, the phase transformation
The temperature that temperature is melted when reaching the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material for the Current Temperatures of the heat transfer medium.
Alternatively, the heat input port and the heat delivery outlet are respectively arranged with first fluid pump and second fluid
Pump.
Alternatively, every layer of phase-change material is rearranged by multiple phase-change materials of the same race.
Alternatively, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material is made of block capsule fortreating AIDS, in the glue
Fill phase transformation object in intracapsular portion.
Alternatively, the section of the block capsule fortreating AIDS includes that circular or rectangle is trapezoidal or fan-shaped or irregular shape
In one or more.
Alternatively, the coil pipe for winding of spiraling can be set to form the logical of the heat transfer medium in the inside of the heat accumulation tank body
Road.
Alternatively, it is identical by the phase transition temperature difference for the component ratio adjacent two layers for configuring the phase-change material
Threshold value.
Alternatively, the heat accumulation tank body is cylinder.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat reservoir, including：
Heat collecting field, is exported for absorbing thermal energy, and by the thermal energy by heat transfer medium；
The heat-storing device, inputs the heat transfer medium from the heat collecting field by pipeline using its heat input port and stores up
Deposit the thermal energy；
Heat engine operational outfit, for the heat transfer medium that is directly exported by pipeline when the heat collecting field is sufficient in photo-thermal or
When the heat transfer medium that the heat collecting field is exported when photo-thermal is inadequate by the heat delivery outlet of the heat-storing device carries out energy
Driving.
Alternatively, the heat transfer medium includes water or conduction oil or fuse salt.
Alternatively, the heat collecting field includes one or more of solar energy heatings in slot type or tower or butterfly or Fresnel
.
Alternatively, the heat engine operation is hot standby including steam generator, steam turbine generator and heating installation.
Technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, has the following advantages that：
The present invention provides a kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir, and wherein heat-storing device includes the heat accumulation tank body for heat accumulation,
The both sides of heat accumulation tank body are respectively arranged with heat input port and heat delivery outlet, and multi-layer phase change material is set in heat accumulation tank body,
The passage of heat transfer medium circulation, every layer of phase are formed by the gap of multi-layer phase change material between heat input port and heat delivery outlet
The phase transition temperature for becoming material is incremented by one by one along heat input port to heat delivery outlet direction, and phase transition temperature is current for heat transfer medium
Temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material.The present invention by setting the different phase-change material of multilayer,
It can provide the accumulation of heat heat of enough capacity with different phase transition temperatures, and can accelerate heat accumulation by latent heat of phase change
Efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution of the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
Put, other attached drawings can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the first structure schematic diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the second structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 A are the 3rd structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 B are the 4th structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 C are the 5th structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 D are the 6th structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 E are the 7th structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the 8th structure diagram of heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of heat reservoir in the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described
Embodiment be part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this area is general
Logical technical staff all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to what the present invention protected
Scope.
, it is necessary to explanation in the description of the embodiment of the present invention, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " vertical ", " level ", " interior ", " outer " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship,
It is for only for ease of the description embodiment of the present invention and simplifies and describe, rather than indicates or imply that signified device or element must have
There is specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " the
One ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for description purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
, it is necessary to which explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " are pacified in the description of the embodiment of the present invention
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integratedly
Connection；Can mechanically connect or be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary,
It can also be the connection inside two elements, can be wireless connection or wired connection.For the common skill of this area
For art personnel, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in invention described below different embodiments non-structure each other
It can be combined with each other into conflict.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-storing device, in heat reservoir, as shown in Figure 1, including for heat accumulation
Heat accumulation tank body 1, the heat accumulation tank body 1 are the heat storage can of cylinder, and the tank diameter of the heat accumulation tank body 1 is set with height mainly to be depended on
In heat accumulation temperature and heat storage capacity, heat accumulation tank body 1 is cylinder.The both sides of heat accumulation tank body 1 are respectively arranged with heat input port 11
With heat delivery outlet 12, in heat accumulation tank body 1 set multi-layer phase change material, its be respectively PCM1, PCM2, PCM3, PCM4,
PCM5 ... PCMn, heat transfer medium is formed between heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12 by the gap of multi-layer phase change material
The passage of circulation, the phase transition temperature of every layer of phase-change material are incremented by one by one along heat input port 11 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet, phase
Temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material for the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium, PCM1, PCM2,
The corresponding phase transition temperatures of PCM3, PCM4, PCM5 ... PCMn are respectively T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, Tn, wherein T1<T2<T3<T4<
T5…<Tn。
Specifically, phase-change material (PCM-Phase Change Material) refers to vary with temperature and change physical
Matter can simultaneously provide the material of latent heat, by taking solid-liquid phase change as an example, when being heated to fusion temperature, just produce from solid-state to liquid
Phase transformation, during fusing, phase-change material absorbs and stores substantial amounts of latent heat, and when phase-change material cools down, the heat of storage exists
To be dispersed into environment, be carried out from liquid to solid reverse transformation within the scope of certain temperature.In both phase transition process,
Stored or release energy is known as latent heat of phase change.When physical state changes, the temperature of material itself is before phase transformation completion
Almost remain unchanged, form a wide temperature platform, although temperature-resistant, absorb or the latent heat of release is quite big.
There is latent heat property using phase-change material, apply it in the heat-storing device in the present embodiment, different phase transformations
Material has different phase transition temperatures, and phase transition temperature herein refers in particular to temperature when phase-change material melts, in heat accumulation tank body 1
It is middle to be stacked into the phase-change material with different phase transition temperatures respectively, the regenerator temperature scope of capacity super large can be provided, without
Picture individually carries out cycle charge discharge heat progress heat accumulation in the mouth that outputs and inputs of tank body by high temperature and low temperature in the prior art,
It can cause regenerative capacity limited.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, single tank 1 includes the heat five layers of phase-change material according to phase transition temperature from heat accumulation tank body 1
Amount input port 11 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet is incrementally stacked into layer structure one by one, and first layer phase-change material is NaNO3(nitric acid
Sodium), second layer phase-change material is KOH (potassium hydroxide), and third layer phase-change material is LiOH (lithium hydroxide), the 4th layer of phase transformation material
Expect for MgCl2(magnesium chloride), layer 5 phase-change material are NaCO3(sodium carbonate), this five layers of phase-change materials are according to its phase transformation respectively
Temperature, i.e. fusing point are incrementally stacked into layer structure, i.e. first layer phase-change material temperature T1 one by one<Second layer phase-change material temperature T2
<Third layer phase-change material temperature T3<4th layer of phase-change material temperature T4<Layer 5 phase-change material temperature T5；The institute of table 1 specific as follows
Show：
Table 1
Above-mentioned five kinds of phase-change materials are all inorganic salts phase-change material, between existing necessarily between adjacent two layers phase-change material
Gap, can form the passage of heat transfer medium circulation, being stacked in heat accumulation tank body 1 has different phase transformations in the gap of every layer of phase-change material
The phase-change material of temperature, is to provide a variety of accumulation of heat spaces to the heat transfer medium of different temperatures.
Such as：Heat transfer medium flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by pipeline from solar energy heat-collection field by fluid pump, the heat transfer medium
Circulation passage is internally formed in heat accumulation tank body 1, when daytime, solar irradiation is stronger, if the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium are 350
DEG C, it flows into the heat accumulation tank body 1 by the heat input port 11 of heat accumulation tank body 1.Because first layer phase-change material is NaNO3(nitre
Sour sodium), its fusing point is 307 DEG C, runs into 350 DEG C of heat transfer medium and undergoes phase transition absorption 172kJ/kg-1Latent heat, and heat is stored up
Store away.Temperature reduces after 350 DEG C of heat-transfer medium temperature is absorbed heat by phase-change material, at this time can be by fluid pump by the temperature
Heat transfer medium extraction after reduction.When night, solar irradiation is weaker, the heat transfer medium from solar energy heat-collection field in the duct
Temperature reduces, and the heat transfer medium which reduces flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by fluid pump, or the cryogenic heat transfer of extraction on daytime is situated between
Matter is recovered to inside heat accumulation tank body 1 again.Because first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate) is stronger in daylight
When store certain heat, the temperature of the heat transfer medium of low temperature can be lifted rapidly.
Such as：Heat transfer medium flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by pipeline from solar energy heat-collection field by fluid pump, the heat transfer medium
Circulation passage is internally formed in heat accumulation tank body 1, when daytime, solar irradiation is stronger, if the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium are 400
DEG C, it flows through the heat accumulation tank body 1 by the heat input port of heat accumulation tank body 1.Because first layer phase-change material is NaNO3(nitric acid
Sodium), its fusing point is 307 DEG C, runs into 400 DEG C of heat transfer medium and undergoes phase transition absorption 172kJ/kg-1Latent heat, second layer phase transformation material
Expect KOH (potassium hydroxide), its fusing point is 380 DEG C, runs into 400 DEG C of heat transfer medium and undergoes phase transition absorption 149.7kJ/kg-1It is latent
Heat, so first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate) and second layer phase-change material KOH (potassium hydroxide) can be stored largely
Heat, temperature reduces after 400 DEG C of heat-transfer medium temperature is absorbed heat by phase-change material at this time, at this time can be by fluid pump by the temperature
Heat transfer medium after degree reduces is extracted out.When night, solar irradiation is weaker, and the heat transfer from solar energy heat-collection field in the duct is situated between
The temperature of matter reduces, and the heat transfer medium which reduces flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by fluid pump, or the low temperature of extraction on daytime is passed
Thermal medium is recovered to inside heat accumulation tank body 1 again, because first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate) and KOH (potassium hydroxide)
Certain heat is stored when daylight is stronger, the temperature of the heat transfer medium of low temperature is further carried rapidly
Rise, two layers of phase-change material more enhances heat storage capacity.
Such as：Heat transfer medium flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by pipeline from solar energy heat-collection field by fluid pump, the heat transfer medium
Circulation passage is internally formed in heat accumulation tank body 1, when daytime, solar irradiation is stronger, if the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium are 450
DEG C, it flows through the heat accumulation tank body 1 by the heat input port of heat accumulation tank body 1.Because first layer phase-change material is NaNO3(nitric acid
Sodium), its fusing point is 307 DEG C, runs into 450 DEG C of heat transfer medium and undergoes phase transition absorption 172kJ/kg-1Latent heat, second layer phase transformation material
Expect KOH (potassium hydroxide), its fusing point is 380 DEG C, runs into 450 DEG C of heat transfer medium and undergoes phase transition absorption 149.7kJ/kg-1It is latent
Heat, third layer phase-change material LiOH (lithium hydroxide), its fusing point is 471 DEG C, so first layer phase-change material NaNO3(nitric acid
Sodium), second layer phase-change material KOH (potassium hydroxide) and third layer phase-change material LiOH (lithium hydroxide) storage heat ability again
Further enhance.Temperature reduces after 450 DEG C of heat-transfer medium temperature is absorbed heat by phase-change material at this time, can pass through fluid pump at this time
Heat transfer medium after the temperature is reduced is extracted out.When night, solar irradiation is weaker, from solar energy heat-collection field in the duct
The temperature of heat transfer medium reduces, and the heat transfer medium which reduces flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by fluid pump, or daytime is extracted out
Cold heat transfer media is recovered to inside heat accumulation tank body 1 again.Because first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate), second layer phase
Become material KOH (potassium hydroxide) and third layer phase-change material LiOH (lithium hydroxide) is stored when daylight is stronger
Certain heat, the temperature of the heat transfer medium of low temperature further lifted rapidly, three layers of phase-change material heat storage capacity again into
One step strengthens.
Similarly, because the 4th layer of phase-change material MgCl2(magnesium chloride) and layer 5 phase-change material NaCO3(sodium carbonate) melts
Point is respectively 714 DEG C and 854 DEG C, and when daytime, solar irradiation is stronger, if as long as the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium are than the 4th layer
Phase-change material MgCl2(magnesium chloride) and layer 5 phase-change material NaCO3The temperature of the fusing point of (sodium carbonate) is high, and phase can all occurs in it
Change absorbs 452kJ/kg respectively-1And 275.7kJ/kg-1Heat, simultaneously as first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate), the
Two layers of phase-change material KOH (potassium hydroxide), third layer phase-change material LiOH (lithium hydroxide), their melting temperature be present by
One incremental trend, so first layer phase-change material NaNO3(sodium nitrate), second layer phase-change material KOH (potassium hydroxide), the 3rd
Layer phase-change material LiOH (lithium hydroxide) runs into than the 4th layer phase-change material MgCl2(magnesium chloride) and layer 5 phase-change material NaCO3
The heat transfer medium that the temperature of the fusing point of (sodium carbonate) is high necessarily can all be undergone phase transition, and substantial amounts of heat is stored in heat accumulation tank body 1
Amount, its temperature reduces after the temperature of the heat transfer medium of high temperature is absorbed heat by phase-change material, at this time can be by fluid pump by the temperature
Heat transfer medium extraction after reduction.When night, solar irradiation is weaker, the heat transfer medium from solar energy heat-collection field in the duct
Temperature reduce, the heat transfer medium which reduces flows into heat accumulation tank body 1 by fluid pump, or the cryogenic heat transfer that daytime is extracted out
Medium is recovered to inside heat accumulation tank body 1 again.Because multi-layer phase change material has stored greatly when daylight is stronger
The heat of amount, the temperature of cold heat transfer media is further lifted rapidly, multi-layer phase change material heat storage capacity is quite strong, low at this time
The temperature of warm heat transfer medium gradually raises in the short period of time.Heat accumulation so can be passed through in the weaker situation of solar irradiation
The heat that tank body 1 is stored by multi-layer phase change material on daytime is given from solar energy heat-collection field heat transfer medium in the duct or pumping
The cold heat transfer media release heat gone out.
In conclusion during the day, as long as the melting temperature of phase-change material of the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium higher than every layer,
Then the phase-change material of this layer can all be undergone phase transition, so that producing phase transformation absorbs heat, and by its heat storage in heat accumulation tank body 1
In, at night, cold heat transfer media is passed by the heat low temperature that heat accumulation tank body 1 is stored by phase-change material during the day
The temperature of thermal medium is lifted rapidly.Latent heat of phase change is provided using five layers of phase-change material of above-mentioned different phase transition temperatures, can be quickly complete
Into heat-accumulating process, without as in a heat storage can, heat accumulation is completed using thermoclinic sensible heat mode in the prior art, because
In the prior art generally in heat storage can input port and delivery outlet, respectively by its low temperature heat-storage medium and high-temperature heat-storage medium by changing
Hot device back and forth cyclic switching complete heat release and during heat-accumulating process, i.e. heat release high-temperature heat-storage working medium at the top of tank by high temperature pumping
Go out, after heat exchanger heat release cooling, entered by pot bottom in tank；When filling heat low temperature heat accumulation working medium in the bottom of tank by cryogenic pump
Extraction, after heat exchanger heats, is entered in tank by the top of tank.Due to, cold and hot fluid is stored in a tank at the same time,
The density of the liquid medium of high and low temperature is different, can form that a thickness is smaller but temperature gradient between the cold and hot fluid in single tank
Very big mesolimnion, thermoclinic presence is separated by cold and hot fluid, so single tank heat reservoir is properly termed as mesolimnion again
Heat reservoir.Hot fluid during heat accumulation above mesolimnion gradually increases, and cold fluid below gradually decreases, and mesolimnion is to moving down
It is dynamic, then on the contrary, the heat accumulation working medium of extraction can keep constant temperature during heat release.So mode of the prior art can only give high/low temperature
Heat-storage medium provides accumulation of heat, and heat-exchange temperature is subject to certain limitation, and mesolimnion produces sensible heat and is far smaller than phase-change material
The latent heat of generation, since heat storage can outputs and inputs mouth and can produce certain turbulent flow during the hot frequent switching of charge and discharge,
Cause mesolimnion that expansion phenomenon of degenerating easily occurs.Therefore the heat-storing device in the present embodiment can not only provide enough accumulation of heats and hold
Amount, the phase-change material of different stratiforms, it with different phase transition temperatures causes heat accumulation scope bigger, it can be achieved that more fine storage
Hot temperature control, can effectively improve heat accumulation efficiency, also further increase efficiency of utilization.
According to different application scenarios, the later stage can produce more kinds of phase-change materials, according to the heat accumulation in the present embodiment
Device, by phase transition temperature, incremental mode is stacked into layer structure one by one, can be that than five layers phase-change material more ten are several layers of
Phase-change material or the two or three layer of phase-change material of than five layers phase-change material less, using various temperature scope to not equality of temperature
The heat transfer medium of degree provides accumulation of heat space and completes quick heat accumulation.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-storing device, is respectively the phase-change material group of five kinds of structures as figs. 3 a-3 e
Into heat-storing device.Including the heat accumulation tank body 1 for heat accumulation, which is the heat storage can of cylinder, the heat accumulation tank body 1
Tank diameter with height set depend primarily upon heat accumulation temperature and heat storage capacity, heat accumulation tank body is cylinder.Heat accumulation tank body 1
Both sides are respectively arranged with heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12, and multi-layer phase change material is set in heat accumulation tank body 1, and heat is defeated
The passage of heat transfer medium circulation, every layer of phase transformation are formed by the gap of multi-layer phase change material between entrance 11 and heat delivery outlet 12
The phase transition temperature of material is incremented by one by one along heat input port 11 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet, and phase transition temperature is worked as heat transfer medium
Preceding temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material.Every layer of phase-change material is arranged by multiple phase-change materials of the same race
Row form, and each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material is made of block capsule fortreating AIDS, and phase transformation thing is filled in capsule
Body, in figs. 3 a-3e, first layer PCM1, second layer PCM2, n-th layer PCMn, the section of block capsule fortreating AIDS can be with
For circular or rectangle is trapezoidal or fan-shaped or irregular shape in one or more, wherein two neighboring block capsule fortreating AIDS
There are the passage that certain interval can form heat transfer medium circulation between the phase-change material of composition.
In figure 3 a, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material --- the section of block capsule fortreating AIDS is according to specific
It is the regular phase transformation material that circular capsule fortreating AIDS is gone out by advance delicate execution that size, which is produced as circle of the same size, section,
Material.
In figure 3b, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material --- the section of block capsule fortreating AIDS is according to specific
Size is produced as rectangle of the same size, the regular phase transformation material that the capsule fortreating AIDS of rectangular cross-section is gone out by advance delicate execution
Material；
In fig. 3 c, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material --- the section of block capsule fortreating AIDS is according to specific
Size is produced to be of the same size trapezoidal, and section is the regular phase transformation material that trapezoidal capsule fortreating AIDS is gone out by advance delicate execution
Material；
In fig. 3d, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material --- the section of block capsule fortreating AIDS is according to specific
Size produces the regular phase transformation material gone out for sector of the same size, section for fan-shaped capsule fortreating AIDS by advance delicate execution
Material；
In Fig. 3 A-3D, each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material --- the sectional dimension of block capsule fortreating AIDS
Unanimously, naturally it is also possible to needed phase-change material being arranged to irregular shape according to occasion, then every layer of phase-change material can be by
Any regular shape-circle or rectangle is trapezoidal or fan-shaped or irregular shape forms the section of each massive transformation material, often
Layer phase-change material is rearranged by each phase-change material of the section for regular shape and irregular shape, as shown in FIGURE 3 E.
Alternatively, each phase-change material that above-mentioned block capsule fortreating AIDS is formed can also be graininess.
Specifically, because phase-change material (PCM) is broadly divided into three classes：
The first kind is inorganic phase-changing material；Such as：The crystallization water and salt, fuse salt, metal or alloy；
Second class is organic phase change material；Such as：Paraffin, acetic acid, other organic matters；
Three classes are composite phase-change material；Such as：The component of two kinds of phase-change materials is mixed.
The phase transition temperature of inorganic phase-changing material, as fusing point in the present embodiment, its phase transition temperature is higher, is generally used
Industrially, the phase transition temperature of organic phase change material is relatively low, is generally used in heat accumulation electric appliance.Either inorganic phase-changing material, have
Machine phase-change material or composite phase-change material are required for being encapsulated by solid housing, and solid housing can be block glue
Capsule, fills phase-change material in the inside of capsule, becomes liquid after phase-change material melts and just wrapped by the capsule of solid.Often
One layer of phase-change material is rearranged by multiple block capsule fortreating AIDS phase-change materials, wherein each block capsule fortreating AIDS phase transformation
Material is same type of phase-change material, and the phase-change material type of same layer is all identical.Such as：First layer phase-change material can be with
For multiple identical block NaNO3(sodium nitrate) rearranges, and can also be made of multiple block composite phase-change materials
Type, the component ratio of composite phase-change material is different, but the compound rear composite phase-change material for an entirety, multiple compound compositions
Phase-change material can also be used for stacking every Rotating fields of heat accumulation tank body 1.
As a kind of optional implementation, the heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention, heat input port 11 and heat are defeated
Outlet 12 is respectively arranged with first fluid pump and second fluid pump.Wherein first fluid pump is used to that 1 heat of heat accumulation tank body will to be flowed through
The heat transfer medium of input port 11 is drawn into tank body, and second fluid pump is used to that the biography of 1 heat delivery outlet 12 of heat accumulation tank body will to be flowed through
Thermal medium extraction is used as heat source.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-storing device, including the heat accumulation tank body 1 for heat accumulation, which is circle
The heat storage can of cylindricality, the tank diameter of the heat accumulation tank body 1 is set with height depends primarily upon heat accumulation temperature and heat storage capacity, heat accumulation
Tank body is cylinder.Heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12 are respectively arranged with the both sides of heat accumulation tank body 1, in heat accumulation tank body
By setting multi-layer phase change material in the coil pipe for winding of spiraling in 1, the heat accumulation tank body 1 in the present embodiment can be by setting disk
The coil pipe of rotation winding forms the passage of heat transfer medium circulation, every layer of phase transformation material between heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12
The phase transition temperature of material is incremented by one by one along heat input port 11 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet, and phase transition temperature is current for heat transfer medium
Temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material.
The present embodiment is internally formed heat transfer medium by the coil pipe for winding of spiraling in 1 laid inside of heat accumulation tank body in coil pipe
The passage of circulation so that multi-layer phase change material with the heat transfer medium flowed into heat accumulation tank body 1 without directly contacting, inside coil pipe
The thermal pathways of a heat transfer medium are formed, heat transfer medium can be facilitated further to circulate.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-storing device, as shown in figure 4, including the heat accumulation tank body 1 for heat accumulation, the heat accumulation
Tank body 1 is the heat storage can of cylinder, and the tank diameter of the heat accumulation tank body 1 is set with height depends primarily upon heat accumulation temperature and heat accumulation
Capacity, heat accumulation tank body are cylinder.The both sides of heat accumulation tank body 1 are respectively arranged with heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12,
Multi-layer phase change material is set in heat accumulation tank body 1, passes through multi-layer phase change material between heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12
Gap forms the passage of heat transfer medium circulation, and the phase transition temperature of every layer of phase-change material is along heat input port 11 to heat delivery outlet 12
Direction is incremented by one by one, and phase transition temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material for the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium
Degree.Heat-storing device in the present embodiment can be poor by the phase transition temperature for the component ratio adjacent two layers for configuring phase-change material
It is worth for same threshold.
Specifically, it is made of because mentioning every layer of phase-change material in example 2 multiple block composite phase-change materials.It is multiple
Phase-change material is closed to be made of the phase-change material mixing of at least two heterogeneities, it is specifically, as shown in table 2 below,
| Composite phase-change material | Fusing point (DEG C) | Heat of fusion (kJ/kg-1) |
| 50%NaCl+50%MgCl2 | 273 | 429 |
| 95.4%NaCl+4.6%CaCl2 | 570 | 191 |
| LiOH+LiF | 700 | 1163 |
| 37%LiCl+63%LiOH | 535 | 485 |
| Na2CO3-BaCO3/MgO | 500-850 | 415.4 |
Table 2
Above-mentioned five kinds of composite phase-change materials are combined by two or more phase-change material of different proportion, because
For the phase-change material in the present embodiment phase transition temperature from the heat input port 11 of heat accumulation tank body 1 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet by
One is incremented by, but at certain in special circumstances in order to realize more fine phase transition temperature control, so as to fulfill heat transmission
Stability, the phase transition temperature difference that can cause adjacent two layers phase-change material are same threshold, in Fig. 4, the phase of adjacent two layers
Become the difference of the phase transition temperature of material as △ DEG C, ensure that the premise that difference is △ DEG C is reasonably configured when making phase-change material
The component ratio of phase-change material, phase-change material herein is composite phase-change material.Such as：First phase-change material is 30%NaNO3+
30.1%KOH (sodium nitrate), second layer phase-change material are 25.6%KOH+61.4%LiOH (potassium hydroxide), third layer phase transformation material
Expect for 50%LiOH+3.1%MgCl2(lithium hydroxide), the 4th layer of phase-change material are MgCl2(magnesium chloride), layer 5 phase-change material
For 64.1%NaCO3+ 2.5%NaNO3(sodium carbonate), the proportional components of this five layers of composite phase-change materials are a kind of feelings of citing
Condition, the phase of adjacent two layers phase-change material can be configured during post-production phase-change material by largely testing
Temperature difference is same threshold.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat reservoir, as shown in figure 5, including：
Heat collecting field 51, is exported for absorbing thermal energy, and by the thermal energy by heat transfer medium.Heat collecting field herein include slot type or
One or more of solar energy heat-collection fields in tower or butterfly or Fresnel.Solar energy heat-collection field is used for the heat for absorbing solar radiation
Can, as energy output source, solar energy can peomote me as regenerative resource as the favourable energy of photo-thermal power generation
The more photovoltaic generations of state.
Heat-storing device 52 in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, the heat using heat-storing device 52 are defeated
Entrance 11 inputs the heat transfer medium from heat collecting field 51 by pipeline, for storing thermal energy.The heat-storing device includes being used for heat accumulation
Heat accumulation tank body 1, which is the heat storage can of cylinder, and the tank diameter of the heat accumulation tank body 1 mainly takes with height setting
Certainly in heat accumulation temperature and heat storage capacity, heat accumulation tank body 1 is cylinder.The both sides of heat accumulation tank body 1 are respectively arranged with heat input port
11 and heat delivery outlet 12, multi-layer phase change material is set in heat accumulation tank body 1, its be respectively PCM1, PCM2, PCM3, PCM4,
PCM5 ... PCMn, heat transfer medium is formed between heat input port 11 and heat delivery outlet 12 by the gap of multi-layer phase change material
The passage of circulation, the phase transition temperature of every layer of phase-change material are incremented by one by one along heat input port 11 to 12 direction of heat delivery outlet, phase
Temperature reaches the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material for the Current Temperatures of heat transfer medium, PCM1, PCM2,
The corresponding phase transition temperatures of PCM3, PCM4, PCM5 ... PCMn are respectively T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, Tn, wherein T1<T2<T3<T4<
T5…<Tn。
Though due to solar energy heat-collection field in the daytime can directly output continuity heat transfer medium, at night, due to too
According to being not sufficiently stable, solar radiation energy weakens sunlight, needs to configure heat-storing device 52 at this time and provides sufficiently stable sustainable heat
Can, to ensure the power grid coulomb balance of heat resource power generation, and meet high crest segment power demand.
Heat engine operational outfit 53, for the heat transfer medium that is directly exported by pipeline when heat collecting field 51 is sufficient in photo-thermal or
When the heat transfer medium that heat collecting field 51 is exported when photo-thermal is inadequate by the heat delivery outlet 12 of heat-storing device 52 carries out energy drive
It is dynamic.Heat delivery outlet 12 exports the heat transfer medium from heat-storing device 52 by pipeline, for carrying out energy driving using thermal energy.
As shown in figure 5, heat engine operation hot standby 53 herein includes steam generator 531, steam turbine generator 532 and heating installation 533.Steam
The input terminal of vapour generator 531 connects the heat delivery outlet of heat-storing device 52 by pipeline, and the output terminal of steam generator 531 leads to
Cross connection steam turbine generator 532 and heating installation 533.So the heat that heat-storing device 52 stores may be output to by heat transfer medium
Heat engine operational outfit 53 is generated electricity or is heated.
Due to when daytime solar irradiation it is stronger, its photo-thermal amount is sufficient, and the heat-transfer medium temperature in heat collecting field 51 is higher,
A heat transfer medium part for high temperature enters multi-layer phase change of the heat accumulation tank body 1 inside by the heat input port of heat transfer unit (HTU) 52
Material produces phase-transition heat-storage, and another part high-temperature heat-transfer medium can directly drive heat engine operational outfit 53 by pipeline, this just with
Traditional photo-thermal power station is essentially identical.When night, solar irradiation was weaker, its heat is inadequate, from heat collecting field 51 in pipeline
In heat-transfer medium temperature it is relatively low, the heat transfer medium of low temperature can not be input in heat engine operational outfit 53, heat engine operational outfit 53
The heat transfer medium exported using the heat delivery outlet 12 of heat-storing device 52 by pipeline carries out energy driving.So in the present embodiment
Heat reservoir can ensure the continuity that photo-thermal uses using heat-storing device 52, it is ensured that the power grid coulomb balance of heat resource power generation, and
Meet high crest segment power demand.
As a kind of optional implementation, the heat-storing device in the embodiment of the present invention, heat transfer medium includes water or heat conduction
Oil or fuse salt.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and the restriction not to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of heat-storing device, including the heat accumulation tank body for heat accumulation, it is defeated that the both sides of the heat accumulation tank body are respectively arranged with heat
Entrance and heat delivery outlet, it is characterised in that in the heat accumulation tank body set multi-layer phase change material, the heat input port and
The passage of heat transfer medium circulation, every layer of phase are formed by the gap of the multi-layer phase change material between the heat delivery outlet
The phase transition temperature for becoming material is incremented by one by one along the heat input port to the heat delivery outlet direction, and the phase transition temperature is institute
The Current Temperatures for stating heat transfer medium reach the temperature melted during the fusing point of every layer of phase-change material.
2. heat-storing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heat input port and the heat delivery outlet point
First fluid pump and second fluid pump are not provided with.
3. heat-storing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every layer of phase-change material is arranged by multiple phase-change materials of the same race
Row composition.
4. heat-storing device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that each phase-change material in every layer of phase-change material
It is made of block capsule fortreating AIDS, phase transformation object is filled in the capsule.
5. heat-storing device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the section of the block capsule fortreating AIDS includes circle
Rectangle is trapezoidal or fan-shaped or irregular shape in one or more.
6. heat-storing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that can set to spiral in the inside of the heat accumulation tank body and twine
Around coil pipe form the passage of the heat transfer medium.
7. heat-storing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that made by the component ratio for configuring the phase-change material
The phase transition temperature difference for obtaining adjacent two layers is same threshold.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one of them heat-storing devices, it is characterised in that the heat accumulation tank body is cylinder.
A kind of 9. heat reservoir, it is characterised in that including：
Heat collecting field, is exported for absorbing thermal energy, and by the thermal energy by heat transfer medium；
Claim 1-8 any one of them heat-storing devices, it is described for being come from using its heat input port by pipeline input
The heat transfer medium of heat collecting field stores the thermal energy；
Heat engine operational outfit, for the heat transfer medium directly exported by pipeline when the heat collecting field when photo-thermal is sufficient or works as institute
State the heat transfer medium that heat collecting field is exported when photo-thermal is inadequate by the heat delivery outlet of the heat-storing device and carry out energy driving.
10. heat reservoir according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the heat transfer medium includes water or conduction oil or molten
Melt salt.
11. heat reservoir according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the heat collecting field includes slot type or tower or butterfly
Or one or more of solar energy heat-collection fields in Fresnel.
12. heat reservoir according to claim 9, it is characterised in that heat engine operation it is hot standby including steam generator,
Steam turbine generator and heating installation.
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| CN108870519A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 北京国电蓝天节能科技开发有限公司 | A kind of across season multi-level phase change heat reservoir suitable for high back pressure thermal power plant unit |
| CN110986646A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-10 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Novel flow guide partition plate phase change heat storage unit structure |
| CN111895669A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 东北石油大学 | Utilize paraffin material to reform transform waste oil well and draw geothermol power's device |
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| CN113183551A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-30 | 中兴能源有限公司 | Multifunctional composite phase-change film and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108870519A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 北京国电蓝天节能科技开发有限公司 | A kind of across season multi-level phase change heat reservoir suitable for high back pressure thermal power plant unit |
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| CN110986646A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-10 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Novel flow guide partition plate phase change heat storage unit structure |
| CN113183551A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-30 | 中兴能源有限公司 | Multifunctional composite phase-change film and preparation method thereof |
| CN111895669A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 东北石油大学 | Utilize paraffin material to reform transform waste oil well and draw geothermol power's device |
| CN112414193A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-02-26 | 华北电力大学 | Multi-cascade phase change heat storage device with built-in fins and enhanced heat transfer method |
| CN113025286A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 北京工业大学 | Sodium-based binary fused salt high-temperature heat transfer and storage working medium |
| CN113418330A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Liquid air energy storage system, combined cold accumulator and control method thereof |
| CN113503196A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-15 | 中国电建集团福建省电力勘测设计院有限公司 | Combined cycle cogeneration system based on integrated heat storage |
| CN113503196B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-04-21 | 中国电建集团福建省电力勘测设计院有限公司 | Combined cycle cogeneration system based on integrated heat storage |
| FR3139381A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-08 | Universite de Bordeaux | THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE BASED ON LITHIUM HYDROXIDE |
| WO2024052614A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-14 | Universite de Bordeaux | Lithium hydroxide-based thermal energy storage device |
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