CN107975378B - U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function - Google Patents
U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107975378B CN107975378B CN201711438449.6A CN201711438449A CN107975378B CN 107975378 B CN107975378 B CN 107975378B CN 201711438449 A CN201711438449 A CN 201711438449A CN 107975378 B CN107975378 B CN 107975378B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water conveying function is used for eliminating the effect of underground water on a tunnel lining bottom structure, effectively solving the problems of floating deformation of a tunnel inverted arch or cracking and damage of a tunnel bottom structure in karst or underground water development areas and ensuring the stability and safety of tunnel construction and operation. And excavating deep grooves on two lateral sides of the bottom of the tunnel to form a convex tunnel bottom excavation surface, arranging a U-shaped wall base structure with a groove-shaped cavity in the deep grooves, fixedly connecting the outer top of the U-shaped wall base structure with the bottoms of the side walls on two sides of the arch wall secondary lining structure, and using the U-shaped wall base structure as a bearing structure of the arch wall secondary lining structure and a tunnel longitudinal drainage channel. A bottom plate is arranged above the middle of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface between the U-shaped wall base structures at two sides, a ballast bed is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and settlement joints are arranged at the joints of the two transverse ends of the bottom plate and the U-shaped wall base structures at two sides, so that surrounding rock load transferred by the arch wall secondary lining structure is separated from train load transferred by the ballast bed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel lining structure, in particular to a tunnel lining structure applied to a region where groundwater develops and an irregular region or karst region where groundwater is affected by seasons.
Background
Along with rapid development of high-speed railway construction, the construction is particularly carried out on a large scale in southwest mountain areas, on one hand, limestone strata are widely distributed; on the other hand, for high-speed railways, the line expansion is limited by various factors such as large curve radius, complex terrain and geological conditions, and the like, so that the scale (number and length) of karst tunnels are rapidly increased. Because karst and karst water development have characteristics such as complexity, diversity and irregularity, the risk of building long karst tunnels, especially the risk of operation, is higher and higher. In recent years, a plurality of water damage events such as deformation of ballastless track beds, inverted arches, filling of arches and the like occur during the operation of high-speed railway tunnels such as Shanghai, shanghai and the like, and great importance is placed on railway design, construction and operation parties.
The majority of tunnels currently designed are lined with inverted arches. Taking a single-hole double-line tunnel as an example, the lining structure of the single-hole double-line tunnel has inherent defects, and the lining structure is mainly characterized in the following aspects:
(1) The inverted arch filling is arranged on the upper portion of the tunnel bottom inverted arch, the inverted arch and the inverted arch filling are required to be poured separately according to specifications, a construction joint is formed between the inverted arch and the inverted arch filling, but underground water permeates into the inverted arch filling bottom through the inverted arch ring to the construction joint, and the filling can float upwards due to a water head of about 3-4 m.
(2) In actual construction, in order to prevent the construction surface of the ballast bed from being damaged by construction vehicles, the inverted arch filling is often in a layered pouring mode, the thickness of an inverted arch filling surface layer (or a leveling layer) poured before the ballast bed construction is about 0.2-0.4 m, and the filling surface layer floats upwards only by a water head with the height of 0.5-1 m, so that the ballast bed is deformed.
(3) Because the tunnel bottom is arc-shaped, excavation control is difficult, and many excavation are broken line form even excavate into flat bottom face, lead to the actual bearing capacity of inverted arch structure to fail to satisfy the design requirement, in case the rainfall flood season, local drainage is unsmooth leads to the water pressure to rise, causes inverted arch structure fracture to destroy.
(4) The difficulty of completely cleaning up the virtual slag at the bottom of the inverted arch structure is high, and moreover, the underground water at the tunnel bottom can not be discharged during operation, so that disasters such as slurry and mud are very easy to cause at the tunnel bottom under the repeated action of train dynamic load.
(5) The central ditch (or side ditch) is arranged in the tunnel structure, the peripheral groundwater in the arch wall range is mainly drained, accumulated water below the inverted arch of the tunnel cannot be drained effectively, and once the water is continuously rained or stormwater, the water pressure is increased rapidly due to the fact that the water in the crevice or the pipeline under the inverted arch of the local section cannot be drained in time. Under the action of high water pressure, the tunnel bottom inverted arch is cracked and damaged.
In addition, the ballastless track bed is in a non-connection contact mode to the track bed plate and the inverted arch filling surface, a construction interface exists, the sensitivity to tunnel bottom water seepage is more remarkable, a gap lifting phenomenon and a wearing phenomenon often occur, and under the action of water, the disease characteristics are more obvious. The adverse effect of tunnel bottom water damage on operation safety and the treatment difficulty are further aggravated by the huge rigidity difference with the tunnel structure, the uncoordinated deformation and the extremely poor adaptability of the track structure to the basic deformation.
Therefore, optimizing the lining structure, especially the tunnel bottom structure, ensures smooth drainage, eliminates the water pressure of the tunnel bottom, becomes the urgent need for reducing the risks of tunnel water damage in the underground water development area, the irregular area where the underground water is affected by seasons and the karst area, and ensures the operation safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with the water delivery function, and by modifying the traditional tunnel lining tunnel bottom structure form, the stress form and the drainage system of the tunnel bottom structure are changed, the effect of underground water on the tunnel lining bottom structure is eliminated, the problem of tunnel inverted arch floating deformation or tunnel bottom structure cracking damage in karst or underground water development areas is effectively solved, and the stability and the safety of tunnel construction and operation are ensured.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention relates to a U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with a water delivery function, which comprises an arch wall primary support structure, an arch wall secondary lining structure and an arch wall range waterproof layer, and is characterized in that: a deep groove is excavated at two lateral sides of the bottom of the tunnel to form a convex tunnel bottom excavation surface, a U-shaped wall base structure with a groove-shaped cavity is arranged in the deep groove, the outer top of the U-shaped wall base structure is fixedly connected with the bottoms of two side walls of the arch wall secondary lining structure, and the U-shaped wall base structure is used as a bearing structure of the arch wall secondary lining structure and a tunnel longitudinal drainage channel; and a bottom plate is arranged above the middle part of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface between the U-shaped wall base structures at two sides, a ballast bed is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and settlement joints are arranged at the joints of the two transverse ends of the bottom plate and the U-shaped wall base structures at two sides, so that surrounding rock load transmitted by the arch wall secondary lining structure is separated from train load transmitted by the ballast bed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. the tunnel bottom adopts the bottom plate structure, and the excavation operation is more convenient, has overcome the difficult scheduling problem of controlling of traditional lining form inverted arch foundation excavation camber. Compared with the traditional lining structure with the inverted arch tunnel bottom, the tunnel bottom has the advantages that building materials are saved, and engineering construction investment is effectively reduced;
2. the tunnel bottom adopts a bottom plate structure, and a concrete filling body is not required to be applied on the tunnel bottom, so that the problem that the track structure is damaged due to the fact that ground water enters between the inverted arch and the inverted arch filling gap through the inverted arch construction joint to squeeze and damage the filling body in the traditional inverted arch lining is effectively avoided;
3. the U-shaped wall bases are arranged on the two sides of the tunnel bottom, so that masonry can be saved, a groove-shaped cavity is used as a longitudinal drainage channel, the degree of freedom of water cross section size setting is high, water passing capability is high, a water draining hole arranged in a groundwater development area in the traditional design can be replaced, and on average, more than ten millions of engineering cost can be saved per kilometer of tunnel engineering;
4. setting settlement joints at the joints of the two ends of the bottom plate and the U-shaped wall base structures at the two ends, adopting the U-shaped wall base structures to bear surrounding rock load (static load) transferred by the secondary lining of the arch wall, adopting the bottom plate to bear train load (dynamic load) transferred by the ballast bed structure, realizing 'dynamic load' separation, ensuring clear stress, avoiding fatigue extrusion damage to the tunnel bottom in the traditional lining, especially under the action of train dynamic load under the condition of groundwater at the bottom of the inverted arch, and avoiding diseases such as slurry and mud leakage of the tunnel bottom;
5. in the traditional lining structure, a ballastless track bed is in a non-connection contact mode to a track bed plate and an inverted arch filling surface, a construction interface exists, the sensitivity to tunnel bottom water seepage is more obvious, a gap lifting phenomenon and a wearing phenomenon often occur, and under the action of water, the disease characteristics are particularly obvious. By adopting the lining structure, the stubble-connecting reinforcing steel bars are arranged between the tunnel bottom plate and the upper track bed structure to form fixed connection, so that the diseases are effectively avoided.
6. By adopting the lining structure form of the invention, the underground water level can be reduced below the elevation of the bottom plate, the arch wall range and the tunnel bottom underground water can be effectively drained, and the effect of the underground water on the tunnel lining bottom structure can be thoroughly eliminated.
According to the invention, the stress form and the drainage system of the tunnel bottom structure are changed by modifying the traditional tunnel bottom structure form of the tunnel lining, so that the effect of underground water on the tunnel bottom structure is eliminated, and the problems of floating deformation of the tunnel inverted arch or cracking and damage of the tunnel bottom structure in karst or underground water development areas are effectively solved, so that the stability and the safety of tunnel construction and operation are ensured.
Drawings
The specification includes the following three drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with a water delivery function in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 1.
The figure shows the components, part names and corresponding labels: the arch wall primary support structure 10, the arch wall shotcrete layer 10a, the arch wall steel frame 10B, the arch wall system anchor rods 10c, the leveling layer 11, the second leveling layer 12, the arch wall range waterproof layer 20, the arch wall secondary lining structure 40, the bottom plate 41, the U-shaped wall base structure 42, the groove-shaped cavity B, the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F, the transverse supporting plate 43, the ballast bed 50 and the settlement joint 60.
Description of the embodiments
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the U-shaped wall foundation with water delivery function and the bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure of the present invention comprises an arch wall primary support structure 10, an arch wall secondary lining structure 40 and an arch wall range waterproof layer 20. Deep grooves are excavated on two lateral sides of the bottom of the tunnel to form a convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F, U-shaped wall base structures 42 with groove-shaped cavities B are arranged in the deep grooves, the tops of the outer sides of the U-shaped wall base structures 42 are fixedly connected with the bottoms of two side walls of the arch wall secondary lining structure 40, and the U-shaped wall base structures 42 serve as bearing structures of the arch wall secondary lining structure 40 and longitudinal drainage channels of the tunnel. The U-shaped wall base structure 42 is used as a wall base to save masonry, the groove-shaped cavity B is used as a longitudinal drainage channel of a tunnel, the degree of freedom of water cross section size setting is high, the water passing capability is high, the U-shaped wall base structure can replace a water draining hole arranged in a ground water development area in the traditional design, and the average construction cost of tunnel engineering per kilometer can be saved by more than ten millions.
Referring to fig. 1, a bottom plate 41 is arranged between the two side U-shaped wall base structures 42 above the middle of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F, a ballast bed 50 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 41, and a settlement joint 60 is arranged at the joint of the two lateral ends of the bottom plate 41 and the two side U-shaped wall base structures 42, so that the surrounding rock load transferred by the arch wall secondary lining structure 40 is separated from the train load transferred by the ballast bed 50. The convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F is a three-section plane, the excavation operation is more convenient, and the problems that the excavation curvature of the inverted arch foundation in the traditional lining form is not easy to control and the like are solved. The tunnel excavation amount can be reduced, building materials are saved, and engineering construction investment is effectively reduced. The tunnel bottom adopts the bottom plate structure, and the concrete filling body is not needed to be applied on the tunnel bottom, so that the problem that the traditional curved wall belt inverted arch lining is damaged due to the fact that groundwater enters the space between the inverted arch and the inverted arch filling gap through the inverted arch construction joint to extrude and damage the filling body is effectively avoided, and the track structure is damaged. The bottom plate 41 is fixedly provided with the track bed 50, stubble-connecting reinforcing steel bars are arranged between the bottom plate 41 and the track bed 50 to form fixed connection, and settlement joints 60 are arranged at the joints of the two ends of the bottom plate 41 and the U-shaped wall base structures 42 at the two sides, so that surrounding rock load (static load) transferred by the arch wall secondary lining structure 40 and train load (dynamic load) transferred by the track bed 50 are separated and bear, the separation of the dynamic load and the dynamic load is realized, the stress is clear, and the problems of fatigue extrusion damage to the tunnel bottom, slurry pumping and the like caused by the action of the train dynamic load in the traditional lining, particularly under the condition of underground water at the bottom of an inverted arch, are avoided. By a means of
Referring to fig. 1, a transverse support plate 43 is disposed at the upper portion of the trough-shaped cavity B, and the transverse support plate 43 transmits a horizontal load of a base, ensures stability of the arch wall secondary lining structure 40, and serves as a bearing structure of an upper cable trough. A leveling layer 11 is arranged between the U-shaped wall base structure 42 and two side parts of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F, and a second leveling layer 12 is arranged between the bottom plate 41 and the middle part of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface F.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the arch wall range waterproof layer 20 is positioned between the arch wall primary support structure 10 and the arch wall secondary lining structure 40. The arch wall primary support structure 10 includes arch wall shotcrete 10a covering the surrounding rock of the arch wall and arch wall system anchors 10c arranged in a quincuncial shape along the arch wall. Arch wall steel frames 10b are arranged in the arch wall sprayed concrete layer 10a at intervals along the tunnel excavation direction, and reinforcing steel meshes are additionally arranged in the arch wall sprayed concrete layer 10 a.
The foregoing is intended to illustrate the principles of the invention of a dynamically and dynamically separated load-bearing lining structure for a U-shaped wall base and bottom plate with water transfer function, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular structure and application scope shown and described, so that all possible modifications and equivalents thereof shall fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. U-shaped wall base and bottom plate sound separation bear formula lining structure with water delivery function, including arch wall primary support structure (10), arch wall secondary lining structure (40) and arch wall scope waterproof layer (20), characterized by: a deep groove is excavated at two lateral sides of the bottom of the tunnel to form a convex tunnel bottom excavation surface (F), a U-shaped wall base structure (42) with a groove-shaped cavity (B) is arranged in the deep groove, the top of the outer side of the U-shaped wall base structure (42) is fixedly connected with the bottoms of the side walls at two sides of the arch wall secondary lining structure (40), and the U-shaped wall base structure (42) is used as a bearing structure of the arch wall secondary lining structure (40) and a tunnel longitudinal drainage channel; a bottom plate (41) is arranged above the middle of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface (F) between the U-shaped wall base structures (42) on two sides, a track bed (50) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (41), and settlement joints (60) are arranged at the joints of the two transverse ends of the bottom plate (41) and the U-shaped wall base structures (42) on two sides, so that surrounding rock loads transmitted by the arch wall secondary lining structure (40) are separated from train loads transmitted by the track bed (50).
2. The U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the groove-shaped cavity (B) is provided with a transverse supporting plate (43), the transverse supporting plate (43) transmits horizontal load of a substrate, the stability of the arch wall secondary lining structure (40) is ensured, and the groove-shaped cavity is used as a bearing structure of an upper cable groove.
3. The U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a leveling layer (11) is arranged between the U-shaped wall base structure (42) and two side parts of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface (F), and a second leveling layer (12) is arranged between the bottom plate (41) and the middle part of the convex tunnel bottom excavation surface (F).
4. The U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arch wall range waterproof layer (20) is positioned between the arch wall primary support structure (10) and the arch wall secondary lining structure (40).
5. The U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arch wall primary support structure (10) comprises arch wall shotcrete (10 a) covering arch wall surrounding rocks and arch wall system anchor rods (10 c) which are arranged along the plum blossom shape of the arch wall; arch wall steel frames (10 b) are arranged in the arch wall sprayed concrete layer (10 a) at intervals along the tunnel excavation direction, and reinforcing steel meshes are additionally arranged in the arch wall sprayed concrete layer (10 a).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711438449.6A CN107975378B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711438449.6A CN107975378B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | U-shaped wall foundation and bottom plate dynamic-static separation bearing type lining structure with water delivery function |
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| CN107975378A CN107975378A (en) | 2018-05-01 |
| CN107975378B true CN107975378B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109740251B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2023-07-07 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Method and device for selecting parameters of secondary lining, memory and processor |
| CN112696212B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-03-24 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Compressible tunnel bottom structure for inhibiting tunnel bottom bulging and construction method |
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