CN107974577A - A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of aluminium alloy preparation.The aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, including the following raw material：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element, refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, grain refiner, aluminium, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth be by melting, refining, skimming, casting and etc. made of.Technique using the present invention, is remarkably improved tensile strength, elongation percentage and the corrosion resistance of aluminium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminium alloy preparation, and in particular to a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
At present, as the fast development of economic level, the living standard of people are also gradually stepping up, automobile is as people's
The problem of daily walking-replacing tool, also gradually enters into thousand one hundred houses, and when making automobile, and people consider primarily with regard to
Environmental protection and security performance, in order to reduce oil consumption, people's generally use mitigates the mode of vehicle weight, this also means that needs
A kind of material can either reach preferable structural strength, while lighter weight, and aluminum alloy materials density is low, but intensity is higher,
Near or above high-quality steel, plasticity is good, can be processed into various section bars, has very high structural strength in use, coordinates
It adds the characteristic of metal, enables aluminum alloy to have the metallic character different with aluminium, and the lighter weight of aluminium alloy, is easily worked, and
Heat dissipation characteristics with height, so that it can be applied in industrial circle, the accessory prepared using aluminium alloy, can have
Preferable ductility, during stress, the accessory prepared by aluminium alloy, generally can be first when bearing larger strength
Damaged after deformation, therefore there is longer service life, but existing people aluminium alloy used by vehicle body plate is made
Material, the problems such as because of its material selection and production method, made car body panel out does not have stronger structural strength, and
When being subject to stronger external force, it is easy to the bad problem such as occur deforming, be unfavorable for the use of people.
Rare earth has the laudatory title of " industrial vitamin ".Nowadays extremely important strategic resource is become.Rare earth element aoxidizes
Thing refer to period of element atom ordinal number be 57 to 71 15 kinds of lanthanide oxides, and with lanthanide series chemical property
The oxide of similar scandium and yttrium totally 17 kinds of elements.Rare earth element is in oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, weaving, ceramics, glass, permanent magnetism material
The fields such as material, which are obtained for, to be widely applied, and is broken through with advances in technology with the continuous of application technology, the valency of rare earth oxide
Value will be increasing.
Aluminium is the second largest metalloid material that yield is only second to steel, and since performance is good, purposes is wide, and requirement is big, and is recycled
Cost is low, is known as " omnipotent metal ", simultaneously as aluminium has excellent electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion stability, therefore in industry
On widely used by people, usage amount is only second to steel, and aluminium is face-centred cubic structure, therefore has very high plasticity, therefore its is easy
In processing, various section bars, plate are can be made into, and corrosion resistance is good, but the intensity of fine aluminium is very low, therefore structural wood should not be made
Material.By long-term production practices and scientific experiment, people are gradually strong to add alloying element and use the methods of being heat-treated
Change aluminium, this has just obtained a series of aluminium alloy.
Traditional aluminium alloy be typically using fine aluminium add alloying element be made, such as Al-zn-mg-cu alloy, Al-zn-mg-cu alloy with
And aluminum-manganese alloy, although these alloys can have preferable characteristic, in the long-term use, often occur by
The adverse reactions such as corrosion, using accessory made of these alloys, in the long-term and contact process of air, often occur by oxygen
The situation of change, is unfavorable for the use of people.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth and preparation method thereof, to solve such as
What optimization aluminium alloy formula component, dosage, method etc., improves the technology of the tensile strength of aluminium alloy, elongation percentage and corrosion resistance
Problem.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, including the following raw material：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium,
Boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element, refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, grain refiner, aluminium；
The rare earth element, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, the mass percent of grain refiner are (3.5-
5.6):(1.2-2.6):(3.5-4.7)。
Preferably, the rare earth element is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：1.2-2.1 parts of lanthanum, cerium 1.1-1.5
Part, 0.7-0.9 parts of praseodymium, 0.2-0.8 parts of neodymium, 0.1-0.3 parts of samarium, 0.4-0.7 parts of dysprosium, 0.5-1.6 parts of holmium, 0.1-0.6 parts of ytterbium, yttrium
0.2-0.7 parts.
Preferably, the refining agent is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：15-30 parts of sodium chloride, sodium fluoride 12-
20 parts, 6-9 parts of graphite, 5-8 parts of calcirm-fluoride.
Preferably, the grain refiner is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：In aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy
3-6 parts of mesosome, aluminium-titanium-carbon -1-2 parts of cerium alloy intermediate；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate is using parts by weight to be single
Position, including following raw material：85-93 parts of aluminium, 1.3-3.5 parts of silicon, 2.6-6.7 parts of manganese, 1.5-4.9 parts of copper, 0.8-1.3 parts of lanthanum；Institute
Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is stated in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：80-92 parts of aluminium, 1-1.6 parts of titanium, carbon 0.6-
1.2 parts, 0.2-0.4 parts of cerium.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, comprise the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing to 850-900 DEG C, and addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil
The silicon of weight ratio, manganese, copper, the melting of lanthanum powder, and alloy melt is stirred, after stirring 12-14min, carries out degasification
Processing, stands, is then ultrasonically treated, obtains aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 780-
800 DEG C, ultrasonic power 22-25KW, processing time 26-32min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy is prepared using identical method
Intermediate；Crystal grain refinement is made in aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight
Agent, the size of the grain refiner is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage
Melted into smelting furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-750 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through lazy
Property gas, be stirred continuously and refined, control refining temperature be 730-750 DEG C, liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, then
Cooling, stand 30-40min；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：480-520 DEG C, the solution treatment of 6-10h are carried out to casting, the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth is made and closes
Gold.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) as the data of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 5 as it can be seen that the tensile strength of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1-3, prolonging
Stretch rate and corrosion resistance is significantly higher than the tensile strength of aluminium alloy, elongation percentage and corrosion resistance made from comparative example 5；At the same time by reality
The data of a 1-3 are applied as it can be seen that embodiment 2 is optimum embodiment.
(2) by embodiment 2 and the data of comparative example 1-4 as it can be seen that rare earth element, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, crystalline substance
Grain fining agent plays synergistic effect in aluminium alloy is prepared, significantly improve the tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials, elongation percentage and
Corrosion resistance；This is probably：1) addition of rare-earth elements of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, dysprosium, holmium, ytterbium, yttrium, can be with the gas or non-such as hydrogen
The high compound of metal generation fusing point, there is certain dehydrogenation, refining and catharsis, so as to fulfill the anti-of aluminum alloy materials is improved
Tensile strength, elongation percentage and corrosion resistance；2) sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol is used together with the rare earth element of this formula, can
The intensity and yield limit of aluminium alloy are improved, improves tensile strength, the elongation percentage of aluminum alloy materials；3) added in aluminium alloy
Grain refiner, can reduce the charging quantity of dispensing and bath composition, be conducive to skim clean, strong so as to strengthen tension
Degree and corrosion resistance, and overcome the problem of using the easily aggregation of aluminium-titanium-boron intermediate and slag inclusion in the prior art；It is meanwhile brilliant
Grain fining agent is used together with the rare earth element of this formula, can optionally be adsorbed on crystal grain boundary, be hindered the life of crystal grain
It is long so that aluminum grain refinement, is conducive to crack initiation position and expansion path in aluminium alloy fracture process and changes, make
Obtain aluminium alloy and obtain toughening, so as to improve the tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials, elongation percentage.
Embodiment
For ease of more fully understanding the present invention, it is illustrated by following instance, these examples belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
In embodiment, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, includes the raw material of following mass percent：Titanium
0.6%-1.3%, zinc 0.03%-0.1%, iron 0.2%-0.6%, silicon 0.08%-0.23%, manganese 0.01%-0.2%, copper
1.2%-1.6%, carbon 0.2%-0.8%, chromium 0.05%-0.07%, boron 0.08%-1.31%, magnesium 0.06%-0.15%, molybdenum
0.2%-0.9%, tungsten 1.2%-1.7%, vanadium 0.12%-0.67%, rare earth element 3.5%-5.6%, refining agent 1%-2%,
Sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 1.2%-2.6%, grain refiner 3.5%-4.7%, remaining is aluminium；
The rare earth element is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：1.2-2.1 parts of lanthanum, 1.1-1.5 parts of cerium, praseodymium
0.7-0.9 parts, 0.2-0.8 parts of neodymium, 0.1-0.3 parts of samarium, 0.4-0.7 parts of dysprosium, 0.5-1.6 parts of holmium, 0.1-0.6 parts of ytterbium, yttrium 0.2-
0.7 part；
The refining agent is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：15-30 parts of sodium chloride, 12-20 parts of sodium fluoride, stone
6-9 parts black, 5-8 parts of calcirm-fluoride；
The grain refiner is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate 3-6
Part, aluminium-titanium-carbon -1-2 parts of cerium alloy intermediate；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate in units of parts by weight, including
Following raw material：85-93 parts of aluminium, 1.3-3.5 parts of silicon, 2.6-6.7 parts of manganese, 1.5-4.9 parts of copper, 0.8-1.3 parts of lanthanum；Aluminium-the titanium-
Carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：80-92 parts of aluminium, 1-1.6 parts of titanium, 0.6-1.2 parts of carbon, cerium
0.2-0.4 parts；
The preparation method of the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, comprises the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing to 850-900 DEG C, and addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil
The silicon of weight ratio, manganese, copper, the melting of lanthanum powder, and alloy melt is stirred, after stirring 12-14min, carries out degasification
Processing, stands, is then ultrasonically treated, obtains aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 780-
800 DEG C, ultrasonic power 22-25KW, processing time 26-32min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy is prepared using identical method
Intermediate；Crystal grain refinement is made in aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight
Agent, the size of the grain refiner is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage
Melted into smelting furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-750 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through lazy
Property gas, be stirred continuously and refined, control refining temperature be 730-750 DEG C, liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, then
Cooling, stand 30-40min；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：480-520 DEG C, the solution treatment of 6-10h are carried out to casting, the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth is made and closes
Gold.
Below by more specific embodiment, the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, includes the raw material of following mass percent：Titanium 1.3%, zinc
0.03%th, iron 0.6%, silicon 0.12%, manganese 0.2%, copper 1.2%, carbon 0.5%, chromium 0.06%, boron 1.31%, magnesium 0.12%, molybdenum
0.4%th, tungsten 1.2%, vanadium 0.67%, rare earth element 4.5%, refining agent 1%, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 1.2%, crystalline substance
Grain fining agent 4.7%, remaining is aluminium；
The rare earth element is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：1.3 parts of lanthanum, 1.1 parts of cerium, 0.7 part of praseodymium, neodymium 0.2
Part, 0.1 part of samarium, 0.4 part of dysprosium, 0.5 part of holmium, 0.1 part of ytterbium, 0.2 part of yttrium；
The refining agent is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：15 parts of sodium chloride, 13 parts of sodium fluoride, 6 parts of graphite,
5 parts of calcirm-fluoride；
The grain refiner is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate 3
Part, aluminium-titanium-carbon -1 part of cerium alloy intermediate；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate in units of parts by weight, including with
Lower raw material：85 parts of aluminium, 1.3 parts of silicon, 2.6 parts of manganese, 1.5 parts of copper, 0.8 part of lanthanum；The aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is with weight
Part it is unit, including following raw material：80 parts of aluminium, 1 part of titanium, 0.6 part of carbon, 0.2 part of cerium；
The preparation method of the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, comprises the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing, the weight that addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil to 880 DEG C
Silicon, manganese, copper, the lanthanum powder for measuring part ratio melt, and alloy melt are stirred, and after stirring 13min, carry out degassing processing, quiet
Put, be then ultrasonically treated, obtain aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 800 DEG C, ultrasonic work(
Rate is 22KW, processing time 26min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is prepared using identical method；By aluminium-silicon-manganese-
Grain refiner is made in copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight, the grain refiner
Size is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage
Melted into smelting furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 740 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through lazy
Property gas, be stirred continuously and refined, control refining temperature be 750 DEG C, liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, Ran Houleng
But 35min, is stood；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：480 DEG C, the solution treatment of 8h are carried out to casting, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, includes the raw material of following mass percent：Titanium 0.9%, zinc
0.1%th, iron 0.5%, silicon 0.08%, manganese 0.15%, copper 1.6%, carbon 0.2%, chromium 0.05%, boron 0.11%, magnesium 0.06%, molybdenum
0.2%th, tungsten 1.7%, vanadium 0.43%, rare earth element 3.5%, refining agent 1.6%, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 2.6%,
Grain refiner 4.2%, remaining is aluminium；
The rare earth element is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：1.6 parts of lanthanum, 1.3 parts of cerium, 0.8 part of praseodymium, neodymium 0.6
Part, 0.2 part of samarium, 0.6 part of dysprosium, 1 part of holmium, 0.4 part of ytterbium, 0.5 part of yttrium；
The refining agent is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：25 parts of sodium chloride, 16 parts of sodium fluoride, 8 parts of graphite,
7 parts of calcirm-fluoride；
The grain refiner is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate 5
Part, aluminium-titanium-carbon -1.6 parts of cerium alloy intermediate；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate in units of parts by weight, including
Following raw material：88 parts of aluminium, 2.5 parts of silicon, 4.2 parts of manganese, 3.6 parts of copper, 1 part of lanthanum；The aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is with weight
Part it is unit, including following raw material：86 parts of aluminium, 1.5 parts of titanium, 0.9 part of carbon, 0.3 part of cerium；
The preparation method of the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, comprises the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing, the weight that addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil to 850 DEG C
Silicon, manganese, copper, the lanthanum powder for measuring part ratio melt, and alloy melt are stirred, and after stirring 12min, carry out degassing processing, quiet
Put, be then ultrasonically treated, obtain aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 790 DEG C, ultrasonic work(
Rate is 25KW, processing time 28min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is prepared using identical method；By aluminium-silicon-manganese-
Grain refiner is made in copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight, the grain refiner
Size is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage
Melted into smelting furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 750 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through lazy
Property gas, be stirred continuously and refined, control refining temperature be 740 DEG C, liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, Ran Houleng
But 30min, is stood；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：520 DEG C, the solution treatment of 6h are carried out to casting, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth is made.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, includes the raw material of following mass percent：Titanium 0.6%, zinc
0.07%th, iron 0.2%, silicon 0.23%, manganese 0.01%, copper 1.5%, carbon 0.8%, chromium 0.07%, boron 0.08%, magnesium 0.15%,
Molybdenum 0.9%, tungsten 1.6%, vanadium 0.12%, rare earth element 5.6%, refining agent 2%, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 1.8%,
Grain refiner 3.5%, remaining is aluminium；
The rare earth element is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：2 parts of lanthanum, 1.5 parts of cerium, 0.9 part of praseodymium, neodymium 0.8
Part, 0.3 part of samarium, 0.7 part of dysprosium, 1.6 parts of holmium, 0.6 part of ytterbium, 0.7 part of yttrium；
The refining agent is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：30 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of sodium fluoride, 9 parts of graphite,
8 parts of calcirm-fluoride；
The grain refiner is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate 6
Part, aluminium-titanium-carbon -2 parts of cerium alloy intermediate；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate in units of parts by weight, including with
Lower raw material：93 parts of aluminium, 3.5 parts of silicon, 6.7 parts of manganese, 4.9 parts of copper, 1.3 parts of lanthanum；The aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is with weight
Part it is unit, including following raw material：92 parts of aluminium, 1.6 parts of titanium, 1.2 parts of carbon, 0.4 part of cerium；
The preparation method of the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, comprises the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing, the weight that addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil to 900 DEG C
Silicon, manganese, copper, the lanthanum powder for measuring part ratio melt, and alloy melt are stirred, and after stirring 14min, carry out degassing processing, quiet
Put, be then ultrasonically treated, obtain aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 780 DEG C, ultrasonic work(
Rate is 23KW, processing time 32min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is prepared using identical method；By aluminium-silicon-manganese-
Grain refiner is made in copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight, the grain refiner
Size is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage
Melted into smelting furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 745 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through lazy
Property gas, be stirred continuously and refined, control refining temperature be 730 DEG C, liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, Ran Houleng
But 40min, is stood；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：500 DEG C, the solution treatment of 10h are carried out to casting, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth is made.
Comparative example 1
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 2, have only the difference is that preparing the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth and close
Lack rare earth element, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, grain refiner in the raw material of gold.
Comparative example 2
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 2, have only the difference is that preparing the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth and close
Lack rare earth element in the raw material of gold.
Comparative example 3
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 2, have only the difference is that preparing the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth and close
Lack sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol in the raw material of gold.
Comparative example 4
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 2, have only the difference is that preparing the vehicle body plate aluminium containing rare earth and close
Lack grain refiner in the raw material of gold.
Comparative example 5
Using Chinese patent literature " a kind of bumper aluminium alloy extrusions and preparation method thereof the " (patent No.：
ZL201410740121.X) technique of embodiment 1-6 prepares aluminium alloy.
Aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-5 is tested for the property, it is as a result as shown in the table.Wherein, resist
The test of tensile strength and elongation percentage is to add aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-5 by standard GB/T 7963-87
Work is synchronously tested by stretching-machine after standard specimen；Corrosion resistance is to use salt spray test, the artificial corrosion energy for increasing environment
Power, the change of average 12h observations each group aluminum alloy material surface, measures the mass loss of aluminium alloy.
As seen from the above table：(1) as the data of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 5 as it can be seen that aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1-3
Tensile strength, elongation percentage and corrosion resistance are significantly higher than the tensile strength of aluminium alloy made from comparative example 5, elongation percentage and corrosion-resistant
Property；At the same time by the data of embodiment 1-3 as it can be seen that embodiment 2 is optimum embodiment.
(2) by embodiment 2 and the data of comparative example 1-4 as it can be seen that rare earth element, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, crystalline substance
Grain fining agent plays synergistic effect in aluminium alloy is prepared, significantly improve the tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials, elongation percentage and
Corrosion resistance；This is probably：1) addition of rare-earth elements of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, dysprosium, holmium, ytterbium, yttrium, can be with the gas or non-such as hydrogen
The high compound of metal generation fusing point, there is certain dehydrogenation, refining and catharsis, so as to fulfill the anti-of aluminum alloy materials is improved
Tensile strength, elongation percentage and corrosion resistance；2) sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol is used together with the rare earth element of this formula, can
The intensity and yield limit of aluminium alloy are improved, improves tensile strength, the elongation percentage of aluminum alloy materials；3) added in aluminium alloy
Grain refiner, can reduce the charging quantity of dispensing and bath composition, be conducive to skim clean, strong so as to strengthen tension
Degree and corrosion resistance, and overcome the problem of using the easily aggregation of aluminium-titanium-boron intermediate and slag inclusion in the prior art；It is meanwhile brilliant
Grain fining agent is used together with the rare earth element of this formula, can optionally be adsorbed on crystal grain boundary, be hindered the life of crystal grain
It is long so that aluminum grain refinement, is conducive to crack initiation position and expansion path in aluminium alloy fracture process and changes, make
Obtain aluminium alloy and obtain toughening, so as to improve the tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials, elongation percentage.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth, it is characterised in that including the following raw material：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese,
Copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element, refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, grain refiner, aluminium；
The rare earth element, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, the mass percent of grain refiner are (3.5-5.6):
(1.2-2.6):(3.5-4.7)。
2. the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets according to claim 1 containing rare earth, it is characterised in that the rare earth element with
Parts by weight are unit, including following raw material：1.2-2.1 parts of lanthanum, 1.1-1.5 parts of cerium, 0.7-0.9 parts of praseodymium, 0.2-0.8 parts of neodymium, samarium
0.1-0.3 parts, 0.4-0.7 parts of dysprosium, 0.5-1.6 parts of holmium, 0.1-0.6 parts of ytterbium, 0.2-0.7 parts of yttrium.
3. the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets according to claim 1 containing rare earth, it is characterised in that the refining agent is with weight
Amount part is unit, including following raw material：15-30 parts of sodium chloride, 12-20 parts of sodium fluoride, 6-9 parts of graphite, 5-8 parts of calcirm-fluoride.
4. the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets according to claim 1 containing rare earth, it is characterised in that the grain refiner
In units of parts by weight, including following raw material：Among aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper -3-6 parts of lanthanum alloy intermediate, aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy
1-2 parts of body；Aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy the intermediate is in units of parts by weight, including following raw material：85-93 parts of aluminium, silicon
1.3-3.5 parts, 2.6-6.7 parts of manganese, 1.5-4.9 parts of copper, 0.8-1.3 parts of lanthanum；The aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is with weight
Part it is unit, including following raw material：80-92 parts of aluminium, 1-1.6 parts of titanium, 0.6-1.2 parts of carbon, 0.2-0.4 parts of cerium.
5. a kind of preparation method for the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets for containing rare earth according to claim 1-4 any one of them, its
It is characterized in that, comprises the following steps：
S1：Add aluminium ingot in electromagnetic induction furnace, rise temperature makes its fusing, the weight that addition is wrapped up with aluminium foil to 850-900 DEG C
Silicon, manganese, copper, the lanthanum powder for measuring part ratio melt, and alloy melt are stirred, and after stirring 12-14min, carry out degassing processing,
Standing, be then ultrasonically treated, obtain aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate, the temperature of supersound process is 780-800 DEG C,
Ultrasonic power is 22-25KW, processing time 26-32min；Aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate is prepared using identical method；
Grain refiner is made in aluminium-silicon-manganese-copper-lanthanum alloy intermediate and aluminium-titanium-carbon-cerium alloy intermediate by weight, it is described
The size of grain refiner is less than 15 μm；
S2：Titanium, zinc, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, chromium, boron, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth element are put into by mass percentage molten
Melted in furnace, obtain molten aluminium alloy；
S3：After molten aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-750 DEG C, the grain refiner stirring of mass percent is added；
S4：Refining agent, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol are added in the liquation of gained in step s3, while is passed through indifferent gas
Body, is stirred continuously and is refined, and it is 730-750 DEG C to control refining temperature, and liquation is carried out after refining to take off Slag treatment, Ran Houleng
But 30-40min, is stood；
S5：The molten aluminium alloy of gained in step S3 is subjected to casting；
S6：480-520 DEG C, the solution treatment of 6-10h are carried out to casting, the aluminium alloys for automobile body sheets containing rare earth is made.
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| CN114277267A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 湖北航飞蜂窝复合材料有限公司 | Production process of high-strength lightweight new energy automobile framework aluminum profile |
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