CN107968247B - Antenna structure, reader and intelligent vending equipment - Google Patents
Antenna structure, reader and intelligent vending equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107968247B CN107968247B CN201711217047.3A CN201711217047A CN107968247B CN 107968247 B CN107968247 B CN 107968247B CN 201711217047 A CN201711217047 A CN 201711217047A CN 107968247 B CN107968247 B CN 107968247B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna structure, a reader and intelligent vending equipment. The antenna structure comprises at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, antenna areas of two adjacent near-field antennas are partially overlapped, and the antenna areas are areas surrounded by one near-field antenna. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the problem of electronic tag reading blind areas in the large-area near-field antenna and the cross-boundary position of the near-field antenna is improved or even avoided by adopting the overlapping mode of the near-field antenna parts on the same layer, so that the reading blind areas on a shelf can be reduced or even eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to an antenna structure, a reader and intelligent vending equipment.
Background
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a non-contact automatic Identification technology. When the electronic tag works, the reader sends out a wireless signal with a certain frequency through the read-write antenna, and when the electronic tag enters a magnetic field, the product information stored in the chip is sent out by means of the energy obtained by the induction current.
At present, the radio frequency identification technology is successfully applied to the field of intelligent vending machines. The general scheme is that a high-power reader is provided with a plurality of near-field antennas, 1 or 2 near-field antennas are laid on each layer of shelf, and commodities of the vending machine are stocked in a mode that the near-field antennas are sequentially switched to read the electronic tags. And once the fact that the customer closes the shopping cabinet door is detected, the shopping cabinet door can be immediately stored, then the customer can settle accounts quickly, and the shopping category and the deducted money information of the customer are sent to the mobile phone terminal of the customer.
As shown in fig. 1, because the directions of the magnetic fields inside and outside the near-field antenna coil 1 are opposite, when the electronic tag 3 crosses over the near-field antenna coil 1, two induced currents with opposite directions are generated inside the electronic tag 3, so that the induced current inside the electronic tag 3 is small and insufficient for the electronic tag 3 to work normally, and corresponding article information cannot be read during inventory. Therefore, the near-field antenna coil 1 has a blind reading area 2 across the coil edge. If the customer takes the commodity but does not purchase the commodity, the commodity is not placed in the required position but placed in the reading blind areas 2 when the commodity is placed back again, the commodity is mistakenly taken away by the customer when the system checks, and the wrong purchase information of the customer is recorded, so that unnecessary disputes are caused. Therefore, the goods can be read from any position on the shelf, which is a problem that the RFID intelligent vending machine needs to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antenna structure, a reader and intelligent vending equipment, which are used for solving or even avoiding the problem that electronic tag reading blind areas exist in the large-area near-field antenna and the cross-boundary position of the near-field antenna, and reducing or even eliminating the reading blind areas on a goods shelf.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure, including: each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, and antenna areas of two adjacent near-field antennas are partially overlapped in the antenna structure, wherein the antenna areas are an area surrounded by one near-field antenna.
Optionally, the antenna areas of any two adjacent near-field antennas partially overlap.
Optionally, the near field antenna is a rectangular coil or comprises a meander line shape.
Optionally, the near-field antenna is a rectangular coil;
the antenna unit comprises a first near-field antenna and a second near-field antenna, the size of the first near-field antenna is the same as that of the second near-field antenna, and two opposite sides of the first near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near-field antenna respectively.
Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a third near-field antenna and a fourth near-field antenna, where the size and the positional relationship of the third near-field antenna and the fourth near-field antenna are the same as those of the first near-field antenna and the second near-field antenna, two opposite sides of the third near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the first near-field antenna, and two opposite sides of the fourth near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near-field antenna.
Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a fifth near-field antenna, and the fifth near-field antenna covers an overlapping area common to antenna areas of the first near-field antenna, the second near-field antenna, the third near-field antenna, and the fourth near-field antenna.
Optionally, the near field antenna includes a first portion having a meander line shape and a second portion located at a side of the first portion and electrically connected to the first portion, and the second portion is a straight line shape;
the antenna unit comprises a sixth near-field antenna and a seventh near-field antenna, the sixth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna are identical in shape and size, and a second part of the sixth near-field antenna is partially overlapped with a second part of the seventh near-field antenna.
Optionally, the first portion includes a plurality of bending regions, and each bending region of the sixth near-field antenna overlaps with a bending region portion corresponding to the seventh near-field antenna.
Optionally, the antenna unit includes an eighth near-field antenna and a ninth near-field antenna, and the size, shape, and positional relationship of the eighth near-field antenna and the ninth near-field antenna are the same as those of the sixth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna;
the eighth near-field antenna and the sixth near-field antenna are symmetrical about a central line, and each bending area of the eighth near-field antenna is partially overlapped with the corresponding bending area of the sixth near-field antenna; the ninth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna are symmetrical about the center line, and each bending area of the ninth near-field antenna is partially overlapped with the corresponding bending area of the seventh near-field antenna.
Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a tenth near-field antenna and an eleventh near-field antenna, where the tenth near-field antenna and the eleventh near-field antenna are rectangular coils;
the size of the tenth near-field antenna is the same as that of the eleventh near-field antenna, and two opposite sides of the tenth near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the eleventh near-field antenna respectively;
the tenth near-field antenna and the eleventh near-field antenna cross over the plurality of bending areas of the sixth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna to form a grid-shaped structure.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises a feed point, the near-field antenna is directly and electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit through the feed point, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with the antenna change-over switch.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna changeover switch, an antenna gating switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises a feed point, the near-field antenna is electrically connected with an antenna gating switch through the feed point, the antenna gating switch is electrically connected with an impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with a coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with an antenna changeover switch.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises feeding points, wherein one feeding point is grounded, the other feeding point is directly and electrically connected with an antenna change-over switch, the antenna change-over switch is electrically connected with an impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with a coaxial cable.
Optionally, the near-field antenna is a radio frequency identification antenna.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reader, where the reader includes any one of the antenna structures described in the first aspect.
Optionally, the reader further comprises a radio frequency reading head, and the transmission power of the radio frequency reading head is in the range of 0.25-4W.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide an intelligent vending apparatus comprising at least one shelf, each shelf comprising at least one reader as described in any one of the second aspects.
Optionally, the smart vending apparatus comprises a plurality of shelves, each shelf comprising a reader.
Optionally, the intelligent vending apparatus further comprises a bracket arranged at the bottom of each layer of shelf, and the bracket is used for arranging the near-field antenna and shielding the same frequency interference of readers in different layers.
Optionally, the smart vending apparatus further comprises a magnetic film disposed between the cradle and the near field antenna for reducing eddy currents formed in the cradle.
The antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, and at least one pair of adjacent two near-field antennas is arranged in a way of overlapping near-field antenna parts on the same layer, so that the reading blind area of any one near-field antenna of the adjacent two near-field antennas is positioned in the readable area of the other near-field antenna, and the reading blind area at the positions of the adjacent two near-field antennas is further eliminated. In addition, through setting up latticed antenna structure, can solve the commodity and fall down the back, the problem that the label of pasting in the commodity bottom can't be read.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-field antenna in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a shelf and an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for being applied to a reader for identifying the condition of an electronic tag, and can be arranged on a goods shelf of intelligent vending equipment. Specifically, the antenna structure in this embodiment includes:
the antenna structure comprises at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, and antenna areas of two adjacent near-field antennas are partially overlapped, wherein the antenna areas are areas surrounded by one near-field antenna.
The antenna structure can comprise one antenna unit or a plurality of antenna units, and the antenna units can be randomly divided according to the number and the distribution of the set near-field antennas, namely the number and the distribution of the same near-field antennas can be divided into different antenna units; the number of the antenna units and the number of the near-field antennas in the antenna units can be specifically set according to the size of the shelf, for example, the larger the shelf is, the more near-field antennas can be set, so as to reduce the transmitting power of the reader; in addition, when the shelf is small, the area of an antenna area of each near-field antenna can be reduced, more near-field antennas are arranged, and the transmitting power of the reader is further reduced. In practical application, the antenna structure needs to be paved on a whole layer of goods shelf or goods placement area, namely, the outermost edge of the near-field antenna on the outermost side is located at the edge of the goods shelf or goods placement area, so that a reading blind area of the edge area of the whole antenna structure is avoided. The two adjacent near field antennas may be two adjacent near field antennas in one antenna unit, or two adjacent near field antennas of two adjacent antenna units. The near field antennas may be in the form of coils, with feed points at each end of each near field antenna for access to the circuitry.
Exemplarily, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna unit includes a first near field antenna 10 and a second near field antenna 20, antenna areas of the first near field antenna 10 and the second near field antenna 20 are partially overlapped, the first near field antenna 10 includes a first feeding point 111 and a second feeding point 112, and the second near field antenna 20 includes a third feeding point 121 and a fourth feeding point 122. The first reading blind area 11 corresponding to one side of the first near-field antenna 10 completely covered by the second near-field antenna 20 is covered by the readable area of the second near-field antenna 20, and the second reading blind area 21 corresponding to one side of the second near-field antenna 20 completely covered by the first near-field antenna 10 is covered by the readable area of the first near-field antenna 10. In the process of reading the electronic tag, the electronic tag which cannot be read by the near field antenna 10 can be read by the near field antenna 20 by sequentially switching the near field antenna to read the electronic tag, and the electronic tag which cannot be read by the near field antenna 20 can be read by the near field antenna 10.
The antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, and at least one pair of adjacent two near-field antennas is arranged in a way of overlapping near-field antenna parts on the same layer, so that the reading blind area of any one near-field antenna of the adjacent two near-field antennas is positioned in the readable area of the other near-field antenna, and the reading blind area at the positions of the adjacent two near-field antennas is further eliminated.
Optionally, the antenna areas of any two adjacent near-field antennas partially overlap. Therefore, in the antenna structure, the reading blind area of any near field antenna can be covered by the reading area of the near field antenna adjacent to the reading blind area, namely, the reading blind area does not exist in the area of the whole antenna structure, and the electronic tag can be accurately read.
Alternatively, the near field antenna may be a rectangular coil or include a meander line shape. The shape of the near field antenna is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention, as long as the electronic tag can be read, the antenna areas of two adjacent near field antennas are partially overlapped, and the reading blind area can be reduced or eliminated.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the near-field antenna is in the shape of a rectangular coil; or as shown in fig. 5, the shape of the near field antenna includes a meander line shape.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the near-field antenna is a rectangular coil;
the antenna unit comprises a first near-field antenna 10 and a second near-field antenna 20, the sizes of the first near-field antenna 10 and the second near-field antenna 20 are the same, and two opposite sides of the first near-field antenna 10 are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near-field antenna 20 respectively. At this time, the antenna areas of the first near-field antenna 10 and the second near-field antenna 20 are partially overlapped, a first reading blind area corresponding to one side of the first near-field antenna 10 completely covered by the second near-field antenna 20 is covered by the readable area of the second near-field antenna 20, and a second reading blind area corresponding to one side of the second near-field antenna 20 completely covered by the first near-field antenna 10 is covered by the readable area of the first near-field antenna 10, so that the reading blind area in the antenna unit area can be eliminated.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, based on the above scheme, the antenna unit further includes a third near-field antenna 30 and a fourth near-field antenna 40, a size and a positional relationship of the third near-field antenna 30 and the fourth near-field antenna 40 are the same as those of the first near-field antenna 10 and the second near-field antenna 20, two opposite sides of the third near-field antenna 30 are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the first near-field antenna 10, and two opposite sides of the fourth near-field antenna 40 are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near-field antenna 20. At this time, the near field antennas in two adjacent antenna units can be partially overlapped in pairs, the number of the near field antennas is increased, and the area of the antenna area of the near field antenna can be further reduced for the storage racks with the same size, so that the transmitting power of the reader is reduced. In addition, the third near field antenna 30 and the fourth near field antenna 40 are overlapped with the first near field antenna 10 and the second near field antenna 20 to form a grid structure, so that the problem that a label attached to the bottom of a commodity cannot be read after the commodity is laid down can be solved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the antenna unit further includes a fifth near-field antenna 50, and the fifth near-field antenna 50 covers an overlapping area common to antenna areas of the first near-field antenna 10, the second near-field antenna 20, the third near-field antenna 30, and the fourth near-field antenna 40. Generally, mutual coupling occurs when the adjacent near-field antenna a and the near-field antenna B are partially overlapped, that is, when the near-field antenna a is used as a working antenna, the near-field antenna B should not work theoretically, but because the near-field antenna B and the near-field antenna a are coupled, the near-field antenna B becomes a load of the near-field antenna a, so that the performance of the near-field antenna a is reduced, and a new reading blind area is formed. In fig. 4, the first near-field antenna 10, the second near-field antenna 20, the third near-field antenna 30, and the fourth near-field antenna 40 are partially overlapped with each other, and since mutual coupling may occur between two adjacent near-field antennas, a new reading blind area may be formed in an overlapping area common to the antenna areas of the first near-field antenna 10, the second near-field antenna 20, the third near-field antenna 30, and the fourth near-field antenna 40, and therefore, the fifth near-field antenna 50 may be set, and the antenna area of the fifth near-field antenna 50 covers the overlapping area common to the antenna areas of the four near-field antennas, so that a new reading blind area may be avoided.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, the near field antenna includes a first portion having a meander line shape and a second portion located at one side of the first portion and electrically connected to the first portion, the second portion having a straight line shape; the first portion and the second portion enclose an antenna area, and an area formed by bending the first portion is a bending area.
In this embodiment, the antenna unit includes a sixth near-field antenna 60 and a seventh near-field antenna 70, the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the seventh near-field antenna 70 have the same shape and size, and a second portion of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and a second portion of the seventh near-field antenna 70 partially overlap. At this time, if the antenna areas of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the seventh near-field antenna 70 partially overlap, the bending areas of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the seventh near-field antenna 70 necessarily partially overlap. Optionally, referring to fig. 5, the first portion of the near-field antenna includes a plurality of bending regions, a part of the bending region of the sixth near-field antenna 60 overlaps with a corresponding bending region of the seventh near-field antenna 70, and the other bending regions do not overlap. As shown in fig. 5, the bending region at the leftmost side of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the bending region at the rightmost side of the seventh near-field antenna 70 have no overlapping region, and at this time, if no other near-field antenna overlaps with the two bending regions, the two bending regions still have a reading blind area, and the reading blind area can be eliminated by the other bending regions, so that the antenna structure shown in fig. 5 can reduce the reading blind area.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the first portion of the near-field antenna includes a plurality of bending regions, and each bending region of the sixth near-field antenna 60 partially overlaps with a corresponding bending region of the seventh near-field antenna 70. At this time, the antenna element area has no reading blind area.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, based on the above scheme, the antenna unit includes an eighth near-field antenna 80 and a ninth near-field antenna 90, and the size, shape, and positional relationship of the eighth near-field antenna 80 and the ninth near-field antenna 90 are the same as those of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the seventh near-field antenna 70;
the eighth near-field antenna 80 and the sixth near-field antenna 60 are symmetrical about a central line, and each bending region of the eighth near-field antenna 80 is partially overlapped with the corresponding bending region of the sixth near-field antenna 60; the ninth near-field antenna 90 and the seventh near-field antenna 70 are symmetrical about the center line, and each bending region of the ninth near-field antenna 90 partially overlaps with a corresponding bending region of the seventh near-field antenna 70. At this time, the near field antennas in two adjacent antenna units can be partially overlapped in pairs, the number of the near field antennas is increased, and the area of the antenna area of the near field antenna can be further reduced for the storage racks with the same size, so that the transmitting power of the reader is reduced.
Generally, the RFID tags are all adhered to the bottoms of commodities, the tags are parallel to the plane where the antenna of the reader is located, magnetic lines of force generated by the antenna can well penetrate through the tags, and the tags can be read. However, once the goods are laid down, the tag is perpendicular to the plane of the antenna, and referring to fig. 6, when the goods are laid down forwards or backwards, the direction of the magnetic lines generated by the antenna is parallel to the tag, i.e. no magnetic lines pass through the tag, and at this time, the corresponding tag cannot be read.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention may solve the problem that the label attached to the bottom of the commodity cannot be read after the commodity is laid down by arranging the latticed antenna structure. Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 8, based on the scheme of fig. 6, the antenna unit further includes a tenth near-field antenna 100 and an eleventh near-field antenna 110, where the tenth near-field antenna 100 and the eleventh near-field antenna 110 are rectangular coils;
the sizes of the tenth near-field antenna 100 and the eleventh near-field antenna 110 are the same, and two opposite sides of the tenth near-field antenna 100 are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the eleventh near-field antenna 110;
the opposite sides of the tenth near-field antenna 100 and the eleventh near-field antenna 110, which are partially overlapped, are overlapped with the edges of the sixth near-field antenna 60 and the seventh near-field antenna 70, forming a grid-like structure.
In the embodiment, by arranging the latticed antenna structure, when the commodity falls forwards or backwards, the tag can be read by the near field antenna 100 or the near field antenna 110; after the commodity falls to the left or the right, the label of the commodity can be read by the near field antenna 60 or the near field antenna 70, so that the problem that the label adhered to the bottom of the commodity cannot be read after the commodity falls to any direction is solved.
With the antenna structures shown in fig. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, the coupling coefficients of two adjacent near-field antennas are close to 0, and do not act as loads on each other. In this case, the antenna structure may employ a circuit structure as shown in fig. 9. When one antenna works, the adjacent near-field antenna does not become a load of the antenna to form a new reading blind area.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises a feed point, the near-field antenna is directly and electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit through the feed point, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with the antenna change-over switch.
As shown in fig. 9, the near field antenna a is directly electrically connected to an impedance matching circuit through a feeding point, wherein the impedance matching circuit may be composed of capacitors C11 and C21 connected in parallel; the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to a coaxial cable COAX1, and the coaxial cable COAX1 is electrically connected to the first switching point of the antenna switching switch SW. The near field antenna B is connected in a similar manner to the near field antenna a, and is finally connected to the second switching point of the antenna changeover switch SW through the coaxial cable COAX 2. The other end of the antenna switch SW is connected with a radio frequency signal source T1.
With respect to the antenna structure shown in fig. 4, the fifth near-field antenna 50 covers the overlapping area common to the antenna areas of the first near-field antenna 10, the second near-field antenna 20, the third near-field antenna 30 and the fourth near-field antenna 40, and at this time, the coupling coefficient between the fifth near-field antenna 50 and the adjacent near-field antenna is large. In this case, the antenna structure may employ a circuit structure as shown in fig. 10. When the fifth near-field antenna 50 works, the circuit where the near-field antenna adjacent to the fifth near-field antenna is controlled to be in an open circuit state through the antenna gating switch; or when other near-field antennas work, the circuit where the fifth near-field antenna 50 is controlled to be in an open circuit state through the antenna gating switch, so that the mutual coupling problem between the fifth near-field antenna 50 and the adjacent near-field antenna is solved.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna changeover switch, an antenna gating switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises a feed point, the near-field antenna is electrically connected with an antenna gating switch through the feed point, the antenna gating switch is electrically connected with an impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with a coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with an antenna changeover switch.
As shown in fig. 10, the near-field antenna C is electrically connected to the antenna gate switch SWITCHV1 through the feeding point, the antenna gate switch SWITCHV1 is electrically connected to the impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the coaxial cable COAX3, and the coaxial cable COAX3 is electrically connected to the first switching point of the antenna switch. The near field antenna D is connected in a similar manner to the near field antenna C, and is finally connected to the second switching point of the antenna changeover switch SW through the coaxial cable COAX 4. The other end of the antenna switch SW is connected with a radio frequency signal source P2.
In addition, as for the antenna structure shown in fig. 4, the circuit structure shown in fig. 11 may be adopted for the antenna structure. When the fifth near-field antenna 50 works, the circuit where the near-field antenna adjacent to the fifth near-field antenna is controlled to be in an open circuit state by the antenna changeover switch; or when other near field antennas work, the circuit where the near field antenna 50 is controlled to be in an open circuit state by the antenna switch, so that the mutual coupling problem between the near field antenna 50 and the adjacent near field antenna is solved.
Optionally, the antenna structure further includes an antenna switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises feeding points, wherein one feeding point is grounded, the other feeding point is directly and electrically connected with an antenna change-over switch, the antenna change-over switch is electrically connected with an impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with a coaxial cable.
As shown in fig. 11, one of the feeding points of the near-field antenna F is grounded, the other feeding point is directly electrically connected to the first switching point of the antenna switch SW, the other end of the antenna switch SW is electrically connected to the impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the coaxial cable COAX. One feeding point of the near-field antenna E is grounded, the other feeding point is directly and electrically connected with a second switching point of the antenna switching switch SW, the other end of the antenna switching switch SW is electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable COAX. The other end of the coaxial cable COAX is connected to a radio frequency signal source P1.
Optionally, in the above embodiment, the near field antenna may be a radio frequency identification antenna.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a reader which comprises the antenna structure provided by any one of the embodiments.
The reader provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has the same functions and beneficial effects.
Optionally, the reader further comprises a radio frequency reading head, and the transmission power of the radio frequency reading head ranges from 0.25W to 4W.
The radio frequency reading head with low power is adopted, so that the situation that the plurality of radio frequency reading heads work simultaneously and the same frequency interference caused by the fact that the antennae of the adjacent shelf layers simultaneously send out radio frequency signals with the same frequency is avoided, and the label cannot be read.
The embodiment of the invention also provides intelligent vending equipment, which comprises at least one layer of goods shelf, wherein each layer of goods shelf comprises at least one reader in the embodiment.
According to the intelligent vending equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electronic tag reading blind area in the large-area near-field antenna and the cross-boundary position of the near-field antenna is avoided by adopting the overlapping mode of the near-field antennas on the same layer, and the reading blind area on a goods shelf is reduced or even eliminated.
Optionally, the intelligent vending apparatus may further comprise a plurality of shelves, each shelf comprising a reader. When the RFID reader works, a plurality of readers work simultaneously, and each reader controls a plurality of near-field antennas on the layer of goods shelf to read the electronic tags on the layer of goods shelf in turn through the antenna change-over switch. Meanwhile, a plurality of readers work simultaneously, and each reader controls a plurality of antennas on the layer of goods shelf to read the electronic tags on the layer of goods shelf in turn through an antenna change-over switch, so that the electronic tags can be read quickly and accurately, the shopping time of customers is shortened, and the shopping experience of the customers is improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 12, the intelligent vending apparatus may further include a cradle 100 disposed at the bottom of each shelf for arranging the near-field antenna 120 and shielding the same frequency interference of the readers of different layers.
When a plurality of readers work simultaneously, the near-field antennas of adjacent shelf layers simultaneously send out radio frequency signals with the same frequency to cause same frequency interference, so that the electronic tags cannot be read. The bracket is arranged, so that the same frequency interference of readers in adjacent layers can be shielded. In particular, the bracket may be a metallic material.
Optionally, the smart vending apparatus may further include a magnetic film 110 disposed between the cradle 100 and the near-field antenna 120, and the magnetic film has a relative magnetic permeability in a range of 50 to 1000, specifically 500, for reducing eddy currents formed in the cradle.
The near-field antenna of the coil type is arranged on the metal bracket, so that a larger eddy current can be caused inevitably, and the performance of the antenna is reduced, therefore, the magnetic film is arranged between the metal bracket and the near-field antenna, magnetic lines of force generated by the near-field antenna basically run inside the magnetic film, the eddy current can not be generated in the metal bracket, and the damage of the eddy current to the performance of the antenna is greatly reduced.
In addition, a cover plate 130 is further provided on top of the near field antenna 120 to protect the near field antenna 120.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (18)
1. An antenna structure, comprising:
the antenna structure comprises at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit comprises at least two near-field antennas, antenna areas of two adjacent near-field antennas are partially overlapped, and the antenna areas are areas surrounded by one near-field antenna;
the antenna unit comprises a first near-field antenna and a second near-field antenna, the first near-field antenna and the second near-field antenna are the same in size, and two opposite sides of the first near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near-field antenna respectively;
the antenna unit further comprises a third near field antenna and a fourth near field antenna, the size and position relationship between the third near field antenna and the fourth near field antenna is the same as the size and position relationship between the first near field antenna and the second near field antenna, two opposite sides of the third near field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the first near field antenna, and two opposite sides of the fourth near field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the second near field antenna.
2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the antenna areas of any two adjacent near field antennas partially overlap.
3. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the near field antenna is a rectangular coil or comprises a meander line shape.
4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna unit further comprises a fifth near-field antenna covering an overlapping area common to the antenna areas of the first near-field antenna, the second near-field antenna, the third near-field antenna and the fourth near-field antenna.
5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the near field antenna includes a first portion having a meander line shape and a second portion located at a side of the first portion and electrically connected to the first portion, the second portion being linear;
the antenna unit comprises a sixth near-field antenna and a seventh near-field antenna, the sixth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna are identical in shape and size, and a second part of the sixth near-field antenna and a second part of the seventh near-field antenna are partially overlapped.
6. The antenna structure of claim 5, characterized in that the first portion comprises a plurality of meander regions, each meander region of the sixth near field antenna partially overlapping with a corresponding meander region of the seventh near field antenna.
7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the antenna unit includes an eighth near-field antenna and a ninth near-field antenna, and the size, shape and positional relationship of the eighth near-field antenna and the ninth near-field antenna are the same as those of the sixth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna;
the eighth near-field antenna and the sixth near-field antenna are symmetrical about a central line, and each bending region of the eighth near-field antenna is partially overlapped with the bending region corresponding to the sixth near-field antenna; the ninth near-field antenna and the seventh near-field antenna are symmetrical about the center line, and each bending region of the ninth near-field antenna is partially overlapped with the bending region corresponding to the seventh near-field antenna.
8. The antenna structure of claim 6, characterized in that the antenna elements further comprise tenth and eleventh near-field antennas, the tenth and eleventh near-field antennas being rectangular coils;
the size of the tenth near-field antenna is the same as that of the eleventh near-field antenna, and two opposite sides of the tenth near-field antenna are partially overlapped with two opposite sides of the eleventh near-field antenna respectively;
the tenth and eleventh near-field antennas span across the plurality of inflection regions of the sixth and seventh near-field antennas to form a mesh-like structure.
9. The antenna structure according to any of claims 1 or 5-8, characterized in that the antenna structure further comprises an antenna changeover switch, a coaxial cable and an impedance matching circuit;
the near field antenna comprises a feed point, the near field antenna is directly electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit through the feed point, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with the antenna changeover switch.
10. The antenna structure of claim 4, further comprising an antenna switch, an antenna gating switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises a feed point, the near-field antenna is electrically connected with the antenna gating switch through the feed point, the antenna gating switch is electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is electrically connected with the antenna changeover switch.
11. The antenna structure of claim 4, further comprising an antenna switch, a coaxial cable, and an impedance matching circuit;
the near-field antenna comprises feeding points, wherein one feeding point is grounded, the other feeding point is directly and electrically connected with the antenna change-over switch, the antenna change-over switch is electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the coaxial cable.
12. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the near field antenna is a radio frequency identification antenna.
13. A reader, characterized in that it comprises an antenna arrangement according to any of claims 1-12.
14. The reader of claim 13, further comprising a radio frequency read head having a transmit power in the range of 0.25-4W.
15. A smart vending apparatus comprising at least one tier of shelves, each tier comprising at least one reader as claimed in claim 13 or 14.
16. The intelligent vending apparatus of claim 15, comprising a plurality of tiers of said shelves, each tier of said shelves including one of said readers.
17. The intelligent vending apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a bracket provided at the bottom of each shelf for arranging a near-field antenna and shielding co-channel interference of readers of different layers.
18. The smart vending apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a magnetic film disposed between the cradle and the near field antenna for reducing eddy currents formed in the cradle.
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| CN201711217047.3A CN107968247B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Antenna structure, reader and intelligent vending equipment |
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| CN201711217047.3A CN107968247B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Antenna structure, reader and intelligent vending equipment |
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| CN109512158B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2021-02-26 | 威海北洋光电信息技术股份公司 | RFID intelligent storage cabinet and application thereof |
| CN109460688B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2021-11-09 | 威海北洋光电信息技术股份公司 | Three-dimensional settlement channel device based on delta-shaped antenna and using method thereof |
| CN111700395A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-25 | 常熟市第一人民医院 | Commodity shelf and warehouse management system using same |
| CN113570766B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-04-19 | 广州安的电子科技有限公司 | Non-inductive channel intelligent networking identification system |
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| CN101585443A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-25 | 上海科识通信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent commodity shelf system and method for operation thereof |
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| CN101888021A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-17 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Coil antenna |
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| WO2015009072A1 (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-22 | 에이큐 주식회사 | Near field communication antenna and smartphone having same antenna |
| CN105098324B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of near field communication antenna device |
| CN106025559B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2019-10-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multi-direction near field communication antenna device |
| CN106778418B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-10-25 | 威海北洋光电信息技术股份公司 | A kind of device and method realizing label and efficiently reading |
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| CN101585443A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-25 | 上海科识通信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent commodity shelf system and method for operation thereof |
| WO2010109936A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electronic part and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN101888021A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-17 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Coil antenna |
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