CN107957245A - Engine link dimension measuring device and its measuring method based on machine vision - Google Patents
Engine link dimension measuring device and its measuring method based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN107957245A CN107957245A CN201711476835.4A CN201711476835A CN107957245A CN 107957245 A CN107957245 A CN 107957245A CN 201711476835 A CN201711476835 A CN 201711476835A CN 107957245 A CN107957245 A CN 107957245A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/022—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by means of tv-camera scanning
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring device for being used to measure engine link size, it is characterised in that including：One detection device, it includes a bilateral telecentric lens and an optical image former with scale, and the bilateral telecentric lens are mechanically connected to the camera lens of the optical image former by c-type interface；One screw slide unit, the detection device is fixed on the screw slide unit by support bracket bolt, the screw slide unit includes a servomotor, drives the detection device to move axially to another final position from an initial position straight line of the screw slide unit by servomotor operating；One transmitting device, it includes a conveyor and an inverter motor, and by the inverter motor intermittent running, connecting rod to be measured is transmitted one by one；And a control device, the control device include programmable controller and industrial personal computer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring device and its movement that are used to measure engine link size based on machine vision
Formula measuring method.
Background technology
With the raising of industrial manufacturing process and precision component size, numerous parts need part sampling observation even full inspection, work
People must put into a large amount of manpowers and the time carrys out test product size.Engine link endoporus general more than the 100mm of distance degree,
During realizing product size detection using conventional measurement devices, generally require artificially to establish measuring basis, and only
It is positioned on platform and measurer detection can be used just now.Due to everyone establish coordinate and take point, line mode different, cause to survey
Error is measured, all data sheets is arranged after being measured again and is specified to company in masterplate, not only wasted time but also took efforts.And its
His of high cost and speed such as three-coordinates measuring machine is slow.Another special measurement mould is influenced by the accuracy of manufacture of itself, and it is long when
Between using bringing abrasion, while main manual operation.
If online linear measure longimetry is carried out with mechanical vision inspection technology, such as open CN102607421A institutes of China
Disclosed a kind of big field image measuring method and equipment, and China publication number CN203100678U disclose one kind to high-precision
Spend the line scanning vision measurement system of dimensional measurement.But telecentric lens currently on the market can only measure in field range
Size, the product more than visual field will be unable to measure size, and the principle and main body that help image measurer can only be also connect even if measuring
Structure captures image border marginal point cloud, then be transferred to world coordinate system and be fitted measurement, while product must ajusted
In the case of can just be measured.For the more accurate measurement effect of guarantee, it is necessary to using bigbore bilateral telecentric lens, and
For bilateral telecentric lens with the increasing of bore, the optical polarization of optical center and marginal portion is bigger, it is difficult to ensure that measurement
Accuracy, and will be unable to measure size (bilateral telecentric lens measurement bore/visual field of general advanced degree more than the product of visual field
In 1 English inch CCD sizes=long 12.8mm × wide 9.6mm).
Meanwhile with the development of engine link manufacturing process, various sizes of engine link needs largely producing
Manufactured on line, the length dimension of connecting rod can be measured if in the conveyor in production line, connecting rod will be greatly improved
Production efficiency, but when connecting rod on production line is transmitted be possible to the situation that deflects during movement, institute
The photo of take can not accurately read picture displacement value, it would be highly desirable to which Structure of need is simple, more efficiently measuring method and with suitable survey
Device is measured to meet that connecting rod produces dimensional measurement demand.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is used to measure based on machine vision it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
The measuring device of engine link size and its portable measuring method, not only measurement is reliable, precision is high, but also the degree of automation
High, measurement efficiency height, it is big and adaptable to measure size scope.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that：A kind of measurement for being used to measure engine link size
Device, including：
One detection device, it includes a bilateral telecentric lens and an optical image former with scale, the bilateral telecentric mirror
Head is mechanically connected to the camera lens of the optical image former by c-type interface；
One screw slide unit, the detection device are fixed on the screw slide unit by support bracket bolt, the screw slide unit
Including a servomotor, an initial position of the detection device from the screw slide unit is driven by servomotor operating
Straight line moves axially to another final position；
One transmitting device, it includes a conveyor and an inverter motor, will be to be measured by the inverter motor intermittent running
Connecting rod transmits one by one；And
One control device, the control device include programmable controller and industrial personal computer；
Wherein described screw slide unit is disposed adjacent in the transmitting device so that transmission described in the detection device face
The top of device is set and the shooting area under initial position described in interval shooting, and the one of the tested connecting rod of transmitting device delivery
When end is by the initial position, the detection device is able to obtain the image of tested connecting rod one end and is transmitted to the control
Device, while the control device sends stop signal to the programmable controller to stop the operating of the inverter motor,
Image is obtained to the other end for being tested connecting rod by the final position that is moved to of the screw slide unit, the industrial personal computer leads to
The displacement data progress calculation process for gathering two end view pictures of the detection device acquisition with reference to the detection device is crossed, from
And obtain tested length of connecting rod.
Preferably, the screw slide unit includes bottom plate and cover board, and one end of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the servo electricity
Machine, is equipped with drive lead screw in the bottom plate, and the servo motor output shaft is connected to by shaft coupling on drive lead screw and band
Dynamic screw rotates, and the guide rail of a transverse shifting is equipped with backplate surface, and the guide rail extends parallel with the drive lead screw,
The guide rail is equipped with a sliding block, and the screw slide unit bottom is fixedly connected with a slide block, and one is equipped with the middle part of the screw slide unit
Nut, the nut, which is sleeved on drive lead screw and is rotated by drive lead screw, drives the screw slide unit to move back and forth.
Preferably, the servomotor is installed on the afterbody of the screw slide unit for high-precision servo motor, often encloses pulse
Number is arranged to 50000 pulses, and screw lead selection 5mm/ turns, and the precision of slide unit movement is 5/50000=0.0001mm.
Preferably, the stent, which is arranged on the sliding block to be used to be oriented to, assembles the optical image former, the detection dress
The bilateral telecentric lens and the operating distance and focus adjustable of the optical image former put, according to the model of tested connecting rod institute
Definite standard size, then suitable operating distance and focal length have been manually adjusted, so that ensure that the acquisition quality of sample image,
It can keep the indeformable of image objects.
Preferably, the bilateral telecentric lens are the big depth of field camera lens that amplification factor is 1X1, ensure that imaging does not distort,
Ensure that dimensional measurement is reliable.
Preferably, the optical image former uses 71,000,000 pixels, and pixel precision is the high definition of 10/10000=0.001mm
Area array CCD camera, by using the pixel segmentation technique of 10 frequencys multiplication, area array CCD camera shooting precision is brought up to
0.0001mm.The optical image former is communicatively coupled with the industrial personal computer.
Preferably, the center line of the bilateral telecentric mirror is overlapped with the center line of the optical image former, and and conveyor
Region to be detected it is vertical.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises a light source.
Preferably, the transmitting device further includes active rotating shaft of the corresponding rolling assembling in the transverse ends of installation chassis
And driven spindle, active rotating shaft and driven spindle extend longitudinally, active rotating shaft is driven by the inverter motor, the biography
Defeated band is around being located between active rotating shaft and driven spindle.
Preferably, the optical image former, the light source, the inverter motor, the servomotor, the position sensing
Device is respectively connected with the programmable controller.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer has an image processing unit, for the tested connecting rod gathered to the detection device
Image pre-processed and obtain the edge graph of the tested connecting rod.
Preferably, described image processing unit includes：Filter processing unit, for described in detection device collection
The image of tested connecting rod is filtered processing and obtains the first image；Dimensional Gaussian processing unit, for described first image into
Row dimensional Gaussian handles to obtain the second image；Morphological operation unit, obtains for carrying out morphological operation to second image
To the 3rd image；Edge detection unit, for utilizing digital picture sub-pixel edge location algorithm from the 3rd image acquisition
The edge graph of the tested connecting rod.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer has a comparison judgment unit, for by the one end appearance edge graph of tested connecting rod
Compared with the standard interlinking lever end apparent size to prestore, to judge whether tested interlinking lever end appearance matches the standard to prestore
Interlinking lever end appearance.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer has a scale detection unit, in the image that the bilateral telecentric lens with scale photographed
With scale information, the scale detection unit is used for dimensions length in the image according to the tested connecting rod of scale reading collection.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer has a dimension calculating unit, based on the image gathered twice according to tested connecting rod
Dimensions length data and the calculating detection device shift length in nomogram picture, calculate the size length of tested connecting rod after collecting
Degree.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer has a result recording unit, for the quilt for being calculated the dimension calculating unit
Survey in the dimensions length deposit database of connecting rod.
According to another aspect of the present invention, using above-mentioned measuring device a kind of measurement engine link size method,
Include the following steps：
(1) tested connecting rod one end is transmitted to the underface by the detection device initial position by the conveyor
When, the image of the tested interlinking lever end of detection device shooting simultaneously passes to the control device；
(2) outside the standard specimen interlinking lever end that the control device is prestored by judging whether matching after the image procossing to collection
See；
(3) if the control device judges to mismatch, above-mentioned steps (1) are returned to；
(4) conveyor is stopped transmission if the control device judges successful match and stop the detection device
Only shoot；
(5) control device is by controlling the screw slide unit operating to drive the detection device axial displacement to end
The image of the tested connecting rod the other end of point position shooting simultaneously passes to the control device；And
(6) control device to being tested the image that gathers twice of connecting rod respectively by calculating dimensions length number in image
According to this and the detection device shift length data are calculated, three length datas are calculated the horizontal ruler of tested connecting rod after collecting
Modest ability degree.
An embodiment according to the present invention, it is necessary to be preset before the step (1), including presets the bilateral
The Focussing of telecentric lens and the optical image former, presets standard specimen interlinking lever end image, presets the initial position and pre-
If the final position, it is standard connecting rod dimensions length to make distance between the two.
Specifically, when measuring same model engine link, the two end view pictures of standard specimen connecting rod that can prestore are initial
Position and the matching object in final position.
Further, the initial position and the terminal are preset according to the standard size of the model, the control device
Position, the deformation due to metalwork or incompleteness cause change in size to the engine link in process of production, and general size becomes
Accurate connecting rod lateral length size can be measured by changing the image photographed between 1~2cm by two predeterminated positions.
An embodiment according to the present invention, in the step (2), image that the control device passes through the industrial personal computer
The tested connecting rod one end image that processing unit gathers the detection device is pre-processed and obtains the tested connecting rod
Edge graph；With the comparison judgment unit by the industrial personal computer by the one end appearance edge graph of tested connecting rod and the standard that prestores
Interlinking lever end apparent size is compared, to judge whether tested interlinking lever end appearance matches.
An embodiment according to the present invention, after the step (6), the control device restarting transmission dress
Put so that previous measured engine link continues to transmit forward, latter engine link to be measured is entering final position just
Lower section was photographed by the detection device, and the detection device first claps latter engine link to be measured from final position
Take the photograph and move again to initial position shooting.
That is, to improve detection efficiency, detection method is first to be moved to final position to previous from total initial position
Connecting rod calculates size after being shot, followed by is moved to after initial position shoots latter connecting rod and calculates from final position
Size, using initial position->Final position, final position->The detection method of initial position circulation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, tested connecting rod need to be only placed in conveyor by operating personnel, this measuring device can be automatically performed product to be measured
Convey, take pictures, analyzing the processes such as judgement, until exporting testing result, then automatically into the detection of next product to be measured, transmission
Bring into give detection device take pictures harmony action, be not required to manual intervention, efficiently solve conventionally employed human eye detection and by hand take
The methods of product carries out optical photographing detection the defects of detection efficiency is low, False Rate is high is put, and passes through the advance typing model and sends out
The dimension information of motivation connecting rod solves the orientation problem of the shooting of detection device initial position and final position shooting, can solve
The telecentric lens of in the market can only measure size in field range, and the product more than visual field will be unable to measure size, be allowed to
Design is more easy to be reasonable.
2nd, can be in certain object distance range using the bilateral telecentric lens with scale and area array CCD camera, so as to get
Image magnification multiplying power will not change, have ultra-wide the depth of field, make the field range of observation broad, general camera can be solved and made
Into field of view center and field of view edge focus issues and problem of parallax experienced.
3rd, using the design of a detection device, a detection dress is placed in each camera site without using
Put, cost is lower.
4th, automatic production line is can be widely used in, accomplishes not shut down online, carry out vision measurement to no manual intervention；
It can operate with multiple products almost synchronously to measure, realize and measure at a high speed.
5th, at a high speed, efficiently, it can be achieved that working when 24 is small in addition to maintaining.
6th, 100% detection can be carried out to product, ex factory pass rate is up to 100%.
7th, production cost, the workload of the efficiency of an equipment equivalent to 3 employees are reduced.
8th, it can be seamlessly connected with other conveyors, meet the production requirement of most of client.
9th, high accuracy (measurement accuracy is up to more than 0.001 millimeter) vision measurement；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram representation of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the image processing flow schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the measuring method flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the shooting image twice and displacement relation schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a wherein detection process schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is wherein another detection process schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detection device 10, bilateral telecentric lens 11, optical image former 12；
Screw slide unit 20, servomotor 21, stent 22, supporting rack 23, sliding block 24；
Transmitting device 30, conveyor 31, inverter motor 32, supporting rack 33, active rotating shaft 34, driven spindle 35, belt 36；
Control device 40, programmable controller 41, industrial personal computer 42, image processing unit 421, comparison judgment unit 422, mark
Ruler detection unit 423, dimension calculating unit 424, result recording unit 425, filter processing unit 4211, dimensional Gaussian processing are single
Member 4212, morphological operation unit 4213, edge detection unit 4214.
Embodiment
It is described below for the open present invention so that those skilled in the art can realize the present invention.It is excellent in being described below
Embodiment is selected to be only used as illustrating, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that other obvious modifications.Define in the following description
Basic principle of the invention can be applied to other embodiments, deformation program, improvement project, equivalent and do not carry on the back
From the other technologies scheme of the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in disclosure of the invention, term " on ", " under ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outer " are to be based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or position relationship shown, it, which is for only for ease of, describes the present invention and simplifies description, rather than indicates or imply meaning
Device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore above-mentioned term is it is not intended that right
The limitation of the present invention.
In order to efficiently measure same model connecting rod dimensions length in the production line, solve in traditional sensing techniques scheme
Judge that criterion of acceptability obscures and artificial detection takes the problem of longer；Solve due to observation angle, clarity and enlargement ratio
The caused inaccurate problem of detection；Solve the problems, such as since accuracy caused by artificial uncontrollable factor is low, efficiency is low, such as Fig. 1
A kind of engine link measuring external appearance size device based on machine vision is provided shown in Fig. 6, in this example embodiment
And its measuring method, the apparent size information of connecting rod is accurately quickly obtained using digital image processing techniques, can not only be made
Testing staff frees from the heavy duplication of labour, can also improve accuracy and the efficiency of connecting rod size detection.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a kind of survey for being used to measure engine link size based on machine vision
Device is measured, including：Detection device 10, it includes bilateral telecentric lens 11 and optical image former 12 with scale, and the bilateral is remote
Heart camera lens 11 is mechanically connected to the lens interface of the optical image former 12 by c-type interface, when the optical image former 12 obtains
When taking the image of connecting rod to be measured, the bilateral telecentric lens 11 irradiate the connecting rod to be measured from the surface of connecting rod to be measured；
Screw slide unit 20, the detection device 10 are installed on the screw slide unit 20 by support bracket bolt, pass through servo
21 intermittent running of motor drives the detection device 10 to be moved axially to separately from an initial position straight line of the screw slide unit 20
The distance between one final position, the initial position to the final position for a model standard pitman shaft to appearance ruler
It is very little；
Transmitting device 30, it includes conveyor 31 and inverter motor 32, by 32 intermittent running of inverter motor, will treat
Connecting rod is surveyed to transmit one by one；
And control device 40 includes programmable controller 41 and industrial personal computer 42, the programmable logic controller (PLC) 41 passes through
Hub is connected with the industrial personal computer 42, and the programmable controller is connected to the servomotor 21 and the inverter motor
32,10 displacement signal of detection device can be sent in the industrial personal computer 42 by programmable controller 41, record displacement letter
Breath, each regional area of tested connecting rod is obtained by the detection device 10, each topography is compensated by algorithm and is asked
With and detection device displacement distance, obtain the axial dimension length of monolithic linkage, the control device is communicatively coupled
In the transmitting device 30, to control the operating of the conveyor 31 and the harmony of the detection device 10 to act；It is wherein described
Screw slide unit 20, which is arranged on a supporting rack 23, to be disposed adjacently in the side of the supporting rack 33 of the transmitting device 30 and makes
The surface that the detection device 10 is arranged on the transmitting device 30 is obtained, to obtain the image of tested connecting rod, the control
Device 40 processed is communicatively coupled with the detection device 10 to gather the image that the detection device 10 obtains, wherein the inspection
The shooting area under initial position described in 10 interval shooting of device is surveyed, one end of the tested connecting rod of the delivery of transmitting device 30 is passed through
During the initial position, the detection device 10 is able to obtain the image of tested connecting rod one end, while sends stop signal extremely
The control device 40 is moved to the terminal position to stop the operating of the inverter motor 32, by the screw slide unit 20
Put and image is obtained to the other end for being tested connecting rod, obtained by gathering the detection device 10 two of the control device 40
End view picture carries out calculation process with reference to the displacement data of the detection device 10, so as to obtain tested length of connecting rod.In addition, this
Attached drawing in embodiment is only the schematic illustrations of the disclosure, is not necessarily drawn to scale.Certainly, in addition can be with
Including other parts such as power module of the prior art, input module and display modules, to this in this example embodiment
Do not do particular determination.
And specifically in this example embodiment, the screw slide unit 20 includes bottom plate and cover board forms the entirety of closing,
One end of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the servomotor 21, and drive lead screw, the servomotor are equipped with the bottom plate
21 output shafts are connected on drive lead screw by shaft coupling and drive screw to rotate, and transverse shifting is equipped with backplate surface
Guide rail, the guide rail extend parallel with the drive lead screw, and a sliding block 24,20 bottom of screw slide unit are equipped with the guide rail
Portion is fixedly connected with sliding block 24, is equipped with a nut at the middle part of the screw slide unit 20, the nut be sleeved on drive lead screw and by
Drive lead screw, which rotates, drives the screw slide unit 20 to move back and forth.It is driven using screw component, and uses guide rail and sliding block
Cooperation guide moving back and forth for slide unit, mobile accuracy is high.So at work, the servomotor 21 drives the transmission
Screw rotates, and the drive lead screw coordinates with the nut, and since the nut does not follow rotation, therefore the drive lead screw can drive
The dynamic nut movement, the nut is so as to drive the movement of the screw slide unit 20, and the screw slide unit 20 is led described
Under the collective effect of rail and the sliding block 24, the screw slide unit 20 is set to move back and forth along guide rail so that the screw
Slide unit can drive the slave initial position of the stent to be moved to final position.
Specifically, the servomotor 21 is high-precision servo motor 21, often encloses umber of pulse and is arranged to 50000 pulses, silk
Bar helical pitch selection 5mm/ turns, the precision 5/50000=0.0001mm of slide unit movement.
Specifically, the transmitting device 30 further includes corresponding rolling assembling and turns in the active of the transverse ends of installation chassis
Axis 34 and driven spindle 35, active rotating shaft 34 and driven spindle 35 extend longitudinally, and active rotating shaft 34 is led to by inverter motor 32
Cross belt 36 to drive or drive by shaft coupling in other embodiments, the conveyor 31 is around being located at 34 He of active rotating shaft
Between driven spindle 35.
Specifically, the bottom of supporting rack 33 can set Castor structure, brake system is additionally provided with Castor structure, just
In artificial braking transmission operation.
It is noted that the structure of shown screw slide unit 20 and transmitting device 30 be only to the present invention example rather than
Limitation.The screw slide unit 20 of other embodiments according to the present invention can also be other structures.As long as the present invention can be reached
Purpose, the present invention be not particularly limited in this respect.
Specifically, the stent, which is arranged on the sliding block 24 to be used to be oriented to, assembles the optical image former 12, the inspection
The operating distance and focus adjustable of the bilateral telecentric lens 11 and the optical image former 12 of device 10 are surveyed, according to be measured
The model of connecting rod determines standard size, then has manually adjusted suitable operating distance and focal length, so as to ensure that sample image
Acquisition quality, can keep the indeformable of image objects.
Specifically, the bilateral telecentric lens 11 are the big depth of field camera lens that amplification factor is 1X1, ensure that imaging is not abnormal
Become, that is, ensure that dimensional measurement is reliable.
Specifically, the optical image former 12 uses 71,000,000 pixels, and pixel precision is the face of 10/10000=0.001mm
Array CCD camera, by using the pixel segmentation technique of 10 frequencys multiplication, area array CCD camera shooting precision is brought up to
0.0001mm.Area array CCD camera has hi-vision stability, high-transmission ability and high anti-jamming capacity etc..
Specifically, the detection device 10 further comprises a light source, can show as circumferential dispersion light source or directional light
Source, light source directly affect the selection of the quality for gathering image, follow-up picture signal processing complexity and algorithm, the light
Source, which can be set, is connected to the bilateral telecentric lens 11, can also be provided separately within one upright bar of rack adjacent to institute
State conveyor 31.The light source can also be connected with the inverter motor in another embodiment, the inverter motor tune
Angle of the light source in mounting plane is saved, as long as can guarantee that detection zone there can also be a variety of set by enough brightness in fact
Mode is put, as long as can reach the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is not limited in this respect.
Specifically, the center line of the bilateral telecentric lens 11 is overlapped with the center line of the optical image former 12, and with
The region to be detected of conveyor 31 is vertical.
Specifically, the bilateral telecentric lens 11, the optical image former 12, the servomotor 21, the frequency conversion horse
Respectively it is connected up to 32 with the programmable controller 41.
Specifically, there is vision software and algorithm in the industrial personal computer 42, rapidly image can be handled, such as Fig. 3
The image processing flow schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention is shown, the industrial personal computer 42 has an image processing unit
421, the image of the tested connecting rod for being gathered to the optical image former is pre-processed and obtains the side of the tested connecting rod
Edge figure；
Described image processing unit 421 further comprises that filter processing unit 4211 can for example use median filter,
Processing is filtered by the image of the tested connecting rod gathered with mean filter to the detection device 10 and obtains first
Image, industrial camera acquired image can inevitably be disturbed be subject to noise, can be eliminated by above-mentioned filter processing unit or
Reduce noise.
Described image processing unit 421 further comprises dimensional Gaussian processing unit 4212, for described first image
Dimensional Gaussian is carried out to handle to obtain the second image；Dimensional Gaussian final mask function can set as follows：
Wherein X represents the location of pixels of image；θ is the standard specimen model parameter of point, when known to model parameter, then image is special
Sign has been positioned, that is, the peak position (u, v) of Gauss model, the coordinate position are floating types, that is to say that sub-pix is other
Level.A represents the intensity of background, such as black region above, and B represents the peak value of the intensity in bright area.
When link diagram picture to be measured after filtered processing carries out dimensional Gaussian processing again, often in tie bar regions
Portion and edge form some tiny cavities and burr etc., and less pseudo- target point is formed in background area, therefore will be to image
Morphological scale-space is carried out to eliminate the defects of occurring in image point, while the shape and area of tie bar regions will not be changed, therefore,
Described image processing unit 421 further comprises morphological operation unit 4213, for carrying out morphology to second image
Operation obtains the 3rd image, can eliminate the burr occurred in image and pseudo- target first to the second image line opening operation
Point, then carries out closed operation to image again, eliminates the hole occurred in image.
Described image processing unit 421 further comprises edge detection unit 4214, for utilizing digital picture sub-pix
The edge graph of connecting rod is tested described in edge location algorithm from the 3rd image acquisition, in the case where image effect is not ideal
Seizure characteristics of image can still be stablized.Sub-pixel positioning method directly can seek each parameter progress local derviation of error function
Take, can also be solved using gradient descent method, finally obtaining the relevant parameter of model, (solution very likely obtained here is
Locally optimal solution).In addition, described image processing unit 421 can also include other parts and carry out other processing steps.Example
Such as, before filtering process step, can also be obtained using image pixel gray level rank as abscissa by ordinate of pixel quantity
The grey level histogram of image, strengthens picture contrast etc. by linear transformation, therefore not with this in the present exemplary embodiment
It is limited.
The industrial personal computer 42 has a comparison judgment unit 422, for by the one end appearance edge graph of tested connecting rod with
The standard interlinking lever end apparent size to prestore is compared, to judge whether tested interlinking lever end appearance matches.Only matching is outer
Computational length can be just gone after sight, otherwise the detection device 10 is always in interval shooting.It is described to prestore in this example embodiment
Standard connecting rod face shaping can be directly inputted by operating personnel in the external world or by method of the prior art
Prestored after measurement, can also on detect to prestore after obtaining by the above method in this example embodiment.This example
In embodiment, the standard connecting rod apparent size to prestore includes connecting rod overall length, and passes through these standard connecting rod apparent sizes
The database of a different model standard connecting rod apparent size is established, consequently facilitating calling during multilevel iudge.In addition, carry out
During multilevel iudge, it can be combined with allowable range of error and judge whether connecting rod to be detected is qualified, then will be to be checked beyond error range
Survey connecting rod and be determined as unqualified connecting rod.
Specifically, tested connecting rod outside diameter pixel edge and the figure with sub-pixel edge location algorithm to tested connecting rod are detected
As carrying out sub-pix precise positioning, so as to calculate tested interlinking lever end length shared pixel number N in the picturei(i=1,2,
3..., 10), triggering carries out sub-pix precise positioning 10 times, finally by all obtained NiAverage, obtain finally tested connect
Mean pixel number shared by pole length endI.e.
The industrial personal computer 42 has a scale detection unit 423, the figure of the tested connecting rod for reading collection according to scale
As dimensions length.The bilateral telecentric lens carry scale, it is not necessary to which the image recognition publicity of duplication can be more convenient to be read
Size so that measurement result can faster come out.The scale has zero point and positive and negative number of division, according to tested interlinking lever end most
The outer edge point vertical scale value on the scale reads size number.
The industrial personal computer 42 has a dimension calculating unit 424, tested for being read according to the scale detection unit 423
The image that connecting rod gathers twice calculates dimensions length data in image, and calculates 10 shift length of detection device, collects
The dimensions length of tested connecting rod is calculated after addition.
The industrial personal computer has a result recording unit 425, for the tested company for being calculated the dimension calculating unit
In the dimensions length deposit database of bar.
It should be noted that although some modules or list of the equipment for action executing are referred in above-detailed
Member, but this division is not enforceable.In fact, according to embodiment of the present disclosure, it is above-described two or more
Either the feature of unit and function can embody module in a module or unit.A conversely, above-described mould
Either the feature of unit and function can be further divided into being embodied by multiple modules or unit block.
According to another aspect of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4 to 7, connect using a kind of measurement engine of above-mentioned measuring device
The method of bar size, includes the following steps：
(1) tested connecting rod one end is transmitted by 10 initial position of detection device just by the conveyor 31
During lower section, the image of the tested interlinking lever end of the shooting of detection device 10 simultaneously passes to the control device 40；
(2) the standard specimen interlinking lever end that the control device 40 is prestored by judging whether matching after the image procossing to collection
Appearance；
(3) if the control device 40 judges to mismatch, above-mentioned steps (1) are returned to；
(4) conveyor 31 is stopped transmission if the control device 40 judges successful match and make the detection dress
Put 10 stoppings shooting；
(5) control device 40 is by controlling the operating of screw slide unit 20 to drive the detection device 10 to be moved to
Final position, and shoot the image of tested connecting rod the other end and pass to the control device 40；And
(6) control device 40 is calculated come dimensions length data in image by being tested the image that connecting rod collects twice
And the 10 shift length data of detection device are calculated, three length datas calculate the lateral dimension of tested connecting rod after collecting
Length.
Specifically, before the step (1), it is necessary to preset, including the bilateral telecentric lens 11 and institute are preset
The Focussing of optical image former 12 is stated, presets standard specimen interlinking lever end image, the initial position is preset and presets the terminal
Position, it is standard connecting rod dimensions length to make distance between the two.As shown in figure 5, it is that two predeterminated positions are clapped in an embodiment
The image and the relation schematic diagram of displacement taken the photograph, readily appreciate the calculating of the dimension calculating unit 424.
Specifically, when measuring same model engine link, the two end view pictures of standard specimen connecting rod that can prestore are initial
Position and the matching object in final position.
Further, the initial position and the end are preset according to the standard size of the model, the control device 40
Point position, the deformation due to metalwork or incompleteness cause change in size to the engine link in process of production, general size
Change can measure accurate connecting rod lateral length size between 1~2cm by two predeterminated positions.
Specifically, in the step (2), the control device 40 is by the image processing unit of the industrial personal computer to institute
The tested connecting rod one end image for stating the collection of detection device 10 is pre-processed and obtains the edge graph of the tested connecting rod；With it is logical
The comparison judgment unit of the industrial personal computer 42 is crossed by the one end appearance edge graph of tested connecting rod and the standard interlinking lever end to prestore
Apparent size is compared, to judge whether tested interlinking lever end appearance matches.
Specifically, after the step (6), the control device 40 restarts the transmitting device and causes previous quilt
The engine link of measurement continues to transmit forward, and latter engine link to be measured enters immediately below final position by the inspection
Survey device to photograph, the detection device 10 first carries out shooting to latter engine link to be measured from final position and moves again to
Initial position is shot.
That is, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, to improve detection efficiency, detection method is first to be moved to end from initial position
Point position calculates size after being shot to previous connecting rod, followed by from final position be moved to initial position to latter connecting rod into
Row shooting after calculate size, using initial position->Final position, final position->The measuring method of initial position circulation, more
Adapt to production line machineryization running.
Such as in practical operation, the two end view pictures of major part and microcephaly for the standard specimen connecting rod that prestores, will just as matching object
Beginning, position was preset with standard specimen big end end images match, and final position is preset with standard specimen small end of connecting rod end images match,
, only can be by institute when tested big end end enters default initial position when then being measured to first tested connecting rod
The image that detection device 10 captures matching major part end is stated, tested small end of connecting rod end is carried out when then moving to final position
Capture images, do not have to the image for matching small cephalic par again, because the error of same batch and model is only in order to save time at this time
It can be precisely recorded by bilateral telecentric lens of the present apparatus with scale only in 2cm, if being afraid of that error can also be again again
Matching once, terminates to identify and measure at this time, preserves the dimension data in image and displacement data is accurately tested connecting rod
Size stores in the database；Restarting conveyor is moved forwards with conveying connection rod, since at this time, the detection device 10 exists
Final position, that will first wait tested small end of connecting rod end to be caught when entering final position by the detection device 10 at this time
The image for matching small cephalic par is received, capture images are carried out to tested big end end when then moving again to initial position, with
This automation circulation shooting and measurement, efficient, measurement is accurate, is more advantageous to adapting to the traditional production technology of engine link
In, it is easy to be extended and applied.
In addition, although describing each step of method in the disclosure with particular order in the accompanying drawings, still, this does not really want
These steps must be performed according to the particular order by asking or implying, or the step having to carry out shown in whole could be realized
Desired result.It is additional or alternative, it is convenient to omit multiple steps are merged into a step and performed by some steps, and/
Or a step is decomposed into execution of multiple steps etc..
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present invention shown in foregoing description and attached drawing is only used as illustrating
And it is not intended to limit the present invention.The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved.The function and structural principle of the present invention exists
Show and illustrate in embodiment, under without departing from the principle, embodiments of the present invention can have any deformation or modification.
Claims (13)
- A kind of 1. measuring device for being used to measure engine link size, it is characterised in that including：One detection device, it includes a bilateral telecentric lens and an optical image former with scale, and the bilateral telecentric lens lead to Cross the camera lens that c-type interface is mechanically connected to the optical image former；One screw slide unit, the detection device are fixed on the screw slide unit by support bracket bolt, and the screw slide unit includes One servomotor, an initial position straight line of the detection device from the screw slide unit is driven by servomotor operating Move axially to another final position；One transmitting device, it includes a conveyor and an inverter motor, by the inverter motor intermittent running, by connecting rod to be measured Transmit one by one；AndOne control device, the control device include programmable controller and industrial personal computer.
- 2. measuring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screw slide unit be disposed adjacent in the transmitting device so that The top of transmitting device described in the detection device face is set and the shooting area under initial position described in interval shooting, described When the initial position is passed through in one end of the tested connecting rod of transmitting device delivery, the detection device is able to obtain tested connecting rod one end The image in portion is simultaneously transmitted to the control device, at the same the control device send stop signal to the programmable controller with Stop the operating of the inverter motor, the other end of the final position to tested connecting rod is moved to by the screw slide unit Portion obtains image, and the industrial personal computer is by gathering two end views of the detection device acquisition as with reference to the detection device Displacement data carries out calculation process, so as to obtain tested length of connecting rod.
- 3. measuring device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the screw slide unit includes bottom plate and cover board, one end of the bottom plate The servomotor is fixedly connected with, drive lead screw is equipped with the bottom plate, the servo motor output shaft passes through shaft coupling It is connected on drive lead screw and drives screw to rotate, the guide rail of a transverse shifting, the guide rail and institute is equipped with backplate surface State drive lead screw parallel to extend, a sliding block is equipped with the guide rail, the screw slide unit bottom is fixedly connected with a slide block, in institute State and a nut is equipped with the middle part of screw slide unit, the nut, which is sleeved on drive lead screw and is rotated by drive lead screw, drives the screw to slide Platform moves back and forth.
- 4. measuring device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the servomotor is installed on the silk for high-precision servo motor The afterbody of bar slide unit, often encloses umber of pulse and is arranged to 50000 pulses, screw lead selection 5mm/ turns, and the precision of slide unit movement is 0.0001mm。
- 5. measuring device as claimed in claim 3, is used to be oriented to described in assembling wherein the stent is arranged on the sliding block Optical image former, the bilateral telecentric lens of the detection device and the operating distance and focal length of the optical image former can Adjust, manually the standard size according to determined by the model of tested connecting rod adjusts suitable operating distance and focal length.
- 6. measuring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the big depth of field mirror that it is 1X1 that the bilateral telecentric lens, which are amplification factor, Head；Wherein described optical image former uses 71,000,000 pixels, and pixel precision is the high definition area array CCD camera of 0.001mm, by adopting With the pixel segmentation technique of 10 frequencys multiplication, area array CCD camera shooting precision is brought up into 0.0001mm；The optical image former It is communicatively coupled with the industrial personal computer.
- 7. measuring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the industrial personal computer has an image processing unit, for the inspection The image for surveying the tested connecting rod of device collection is pre-processed and obtains the edge graph of the tested connecting rod；Wherein at described image Reason unit includes：Filter processing unit, the image of the tested connecting rod for being gathered to the detection device are filtered place Reason obtains the first image；Dimensional Gaussian processing unit, handles to obtain the second figure for carrying out dimensional Gaussian to described first image Picture；Morphological operation unit, the 3rd image is obtained for carrying out morphological operation to second image；Edge detection unit, For utilizing the edge graph that connecting rod is tested described in digital picture sub-pixel edge location algorithm from the 3rd image acquisition.
- 8. measuring device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the industrial personal computer has a comparison judgment unit, for by tested company The one end appearance edge graph of bar is compared with the standard interlinking lever end apparent size to prestore, to judge outside tested interlinking lever end See the standard interlinking lever end appearance for whether matching and prestoring；The industrial personal computer has a scale detection unit, and the bilateral with scale is remote There is scale information, the scale detection unit is used for the tested connecting rod that collection is read according to scale in the image that heart camera lens photographed Image in dimensions length；The industrial personal computer has a dimension calculating unit, for the image gathered twice according to tested connecting rod Calculate dimensions length data in image and calculate the detection device shift length, the size of tested connecting rod is calculated after collecting Length；The industrial personal computer has a result recording unit, for the ruler for the tested connecting rod for being calculated the dimension calculating unit In modest ability degree deposit database.
- 9. measuring device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the industrial personal computer has a comparison judgment unit, for by tested company The one end appearance edge graph of bar is compared with the standard interlinking lever end apparent size to prestore, to judge outside tested interlinking lever end See the standard interlinking lever end appearance for whether matching and prestoring；The industrial personal computer has a scale detection unit, and the bilateral with scale is remote There is scale information, the scale detection unit is used for the tested connecting rod that collection is read according to scale in the image that heart camera lens photographed Image in dimensions length；The industrial personal computer has a dimension calculating unit, for the image gathered twice according to tested connecting rod Calculate dimensions length data in image and calculate the detection device shift length, the size of tested connecting rod is calculated after collecting Length；The industrial personal computer has a result recording unit, for the ruler for the tested connecting rod for being calculated the dimension calculating unit In modest ability degree deposit database.
- 10. the method for a kind of measurement engine link size of the above-mentioned measuring device of application, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：(1) when tested connecting rod one end being transmitted the underface by the detection device initial position by the conveyor, The image of the tested interlinking lever end of detection device shooting simultaneously passes to the control device；(2) the standard specimen interlinking lever end appearance that the control device is prestored by judging whether matching after the image procossing to collection；(3) if the control device judges to mismatch, above-mentioned steps (1) are returned to；(4) conveyor is stopped transmission if the control device judges successful match and make the detection device stop clapping Take the photograph；(5) control device is by controlling the screw slide unit operating to drive detection device axial displacement position to terminal Put the image of the tested connecting rod the other end of shooting and pass to the control device；And(6) control device by be tested the image that gathers twice of connecting rod respectively come calculate in image dimensions length data with And the detection device shift length data are calculated, three length datas are calculated the lateral dimension length of tested connecting rod after collecting Degree.
- 11. measuring method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, it is necessary to preset before the step (1), including it is default The Focussing of the bilateral telecentric lens and the optical image former, presets standard specimen interlinking lever end image, presets described initial Position and the default final position, it is standard connecting rod dimensions length to make distance between the two.
- 12. measuring method as claimed in claim 11, wherein in the step (2), the control device passes through the work The tested connecting rod one end image that the image processing unit of control machine gathers the detection device is pre-processed and obtained described The edge graph of tested connecting rod；With the comparison judgment unit by the industrial personal computer by the one end appearance edge graph of tested connecting rod with The standard interlinking lever end apparent size to prestore is compared, to judge whether tested interlinking lever end appearance matches.
- 13. measuring method as claimed in claim 12, wherein after the step (6), the control device restarting The transmitting device causes previous measured engine link to continue to transmit forward, and latter engine link to be measured enters Photographed immediately below final position by the detection device, the detection device is first from final position to latter engine to be measured Connecting rod carries out shooting and moves again to initial position shooting；Namely first from initial position be moved to final position to previous connecting rod into Size is calculated after row shooting, is then moved to from final position after initial position shoots latter connecting rod and calculates size, adopted With initial position to final position, the measuring method of initial position circulation is arrived in final position again.
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