CN107956206A - For intercepting the protection network of falling rocks in tunnel - Google Patents
For intercepting the protection network of falling rocks in tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107956206A CN107956206A CN201610900434.6A CN201610900434A CN107956206A CN 107956206 A CN107956206 A CN 107956206A CN 201610900434 A CN201610900434 A CN 201610900434A CN 107956206 A CN107956206 A CN 107956206A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rope
- protection network
- mesh
- network according
- yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- NXQMCAOPTPLPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NXQMCAOPTPLPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 101150034459 Parpbp gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 244000223014 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical group CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MURWRBWZIMXKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-butyl 2-o-octyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC MURWRBWZIMXKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1h-pyrazol-5-amine Chemical compound N1N=CC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1N SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920010741 Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
- E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the protection network for intercepting falling rocks in railway or vcehicular tunnel, the protection network is made of para-aramid fiber and is free of tinsel.Protection netting gear high-insulativity, high-fire resistance (160 DEG C) and the anti-flammability of the present invention, can also be from fiery self-extinguishment when lighting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the protection network with high-insulativity, for intercepting the falling rocks in railway or vcehicular tunnel.
Background technology
The many railways or vcehicular tunnel built up decades ago do not have concrete lining, for many years by aqueous corrosion, earthquake, cunning
Rock stratum cracking adds the risk of falling rocks harm caused by slope and weathering.For this harm is prevented, steel wire has usually been carried out
Installation.Protection network must provide enough load capacity and good resistance to fracture or resistance to rupture made of high-tensile steel wires.
Because the size of some falling rocks is more than 0.5 cubic metre, and weight is more than 1 ton, and the protection network not only needs to protect passenger, goods
Thing, train/vehicle, will also protect track or road surface from the serious damage of falling rocks.
One problem of steel wire is the intrinsic high conductivity of steel, its electrostatic effect is to maintenance worker or passes through electric
Train and automobile cause high safety risk.Therefore, develop it is a kind of by the material with high-insulativity, high intensity and high-modulus for example
The protection network that p -aromatic polyamide fiber is formed is of great significance.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides it is a kind of in railway or vcehicular tunnel intercept falling rocks protection network, it includes：
The dictyosome being made of at least one mesh rope, the mesh rope is by knotting to form the mesh of multiple diamond shapes；
Head rope rope, it is the continuity peripheral components as selvage circle；With
Tether, it is the component for dictyosome to be connected to the head rope rope in multiple fixed positions；
Wherein,
The protection network is free of tinsel；
The shape of the protection network is rectangle, square, circle or triangle；
The length at least one side of the protection network or its diameter are greater than 1 meter；And
More the mesh rope, head rope rope and each freedom of tether contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn compositions, and every yarn
Line has at least stretch modulus of 4000cN/tex (tensile modulus).
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show loose form common knot (A), and the braiding method (B) of protection network for use in the present invention and
(C)。
Fig. 2 shows the definition of size of mesh.
The segment portion (A) of the protection network of Fig. 3 display present invention, and an example of two ends of connection head rope rope
(B)。
Fig. 4 shows that the front view (A) in the tunnel for being lined with the protection network of the present invention, and connection multipair are used for lining/covering tunnel
The plan view (B) of the protection network of the invention of road total length.
Embodiment
All publications, patent application, patent and other bibliography being mentioned herein, if without conversely illustrating,
Entire contents are clearly quoted to addition herein, as they are fully disclosed herein.
Unless otherwise defined, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology have and the common skill of fields of the present invention
The normally understood identical implication of art personnel.When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.
Unless otherwise indicated, all percentage, number, ratio etc. are based on weight.
Terms used herein " by ... prepare " it is synonymous with "comprising".Term "comprising" used herein, " comprising ", " tool
Have ", " containing " or its any other deformation be intended to cover including for non-exclusionism.For example, the composition comprising listed elements, step
Suddenly, method, product or device are not necessarily limited to those key elements, but can include not expressly listed other element or the group
Compound, step, method, product or the intrinsic key element of device.
Conjunction " by ... group (structure) into " exclude any key element do not pointed out, step or component.If it is used for claim
In, this phrase will make claim be closed, it is not included the material in addition to the material of those descriptions, but associated therewith
Customary impurities except.When phrase " by ... group (structure) into " be rather than immediately following preamble in the clause that appears in claim main body
When after part, it is only limited to the key element described in the clause；Other element is not excluded in the power as a whole
Outside profit requires.
Conjunction " substantially by ... group (structure) into " is used to limit composition, method or apparatus, it is included except those are literary
Material, step, feature, component or key element beyond word discussion, on condition that these additional materials, step, feature, component or
Key element will not the claimed invention of materially affect basic and novel characteristic.Term " substantially by ... group (structure) into "
Position rank between "comprising" and " by ... group (structure) into " between.
Term " include/including " is intended to the implementation for including term " substantially by ... group (structure) into " and " Consists of " is covered
Scheme.Similarly, term " substantially by ... group (structure) into " be intended to include term " by ... group (structure) into " embodiment party covered
Case.
When with region, favored area or a series of upper limit preferred values and lower preferable values provide quantity, concentration or other number
When value or parameter, it should be understood that it is specifically disclosed by any larger region limit value or preferred value and any less region limit value
Or all areas that any pair of numerical value of preferred value is formed, regardless of whether region is disclosed respectively.For example, when description " 1
To 5 " region when, described region is understood to include " 1 to 4 ", " 1 to 3 ", " 1 to 2 ", " 1 to 2 and 4 to 5 ", " 1 to 3
With the regions such as 5 ".Unless otherwise stated, in place of value region is described herein, the region is intended to include region end value and region
Interior all integers and fraction.
When term " about " is used to describe the endpoint value of numerical value or region, disclosure of that is understood to include meaning
Occurrence or end value.
In addition, contrary unless expressly stated, " either (or) " refers to " or (or) " of pardon, and non-exclusionism
" or (or) ".For example, following either condition is all suitable for condition A "or" B：A is true (or presence) and B is false (or do not deposit
), A is false (or there is no) and B is true (or presence), and A and B are true (or presence).
" mole % " or " mol% " refer to mole percent.
In describing and/or advocating the present invention, " homopolymer " refers to by a kind of derivative obtained polymerization of repetitive unit polymerization
Thing.For example, term " poly- (poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamide) homopolymer " refers to substantially by the one of poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamide
The polymer of kind repetitive unit composition.
Term " copolymer " used herein refers to the copolymerization that the copolymerization comprising two or more comonomers obtains
The polymer of unit.
Term " long filament " used herein is defined as relative flexibility, slender bodies, it is with high aspect ratio, wherein described
Width refers to the mean breadth of the cross section vertical with length direction.The cross section of long filament can be any shape, such as circular,
It is flat or oval but typically circular.The cross section of long filament can be solid or hollow, be preferably solid.
Single fiber can be formed by a root long silk or by plurality of threads.The fiber only formed by a root long silk is referred to herein as " one
Silk (single-filament) " fiber or " monofilament (monofilament) " fiber, by the fiber that plurality of threads is formed herein
In be known as " multifilament (multifilament) " fiber.
Term " raw yarn " used herein refers to the single thread of the Shu Zucheng of the long filament or fiber obtained from yarn manufacturer,
It can include twisted yarn (twisted yarn) or zero twisted yarn.Term " fiber " used herein and term " yarn " can be with
It is used interchangeably.The fineness of yarn is defined as the line density of the yarn.Line density is calculated as the weight of unit length, usually characterization
For " danier " or " dtex "；" danier " is the weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn, and " dtex " is 10,000
The weight in grams of the yarn of rice.
" strand " refers to threads by pooling capital (plying, that is, be laid with being substantially parallel to each other), twisting
(twisting) or pigtail compiles (braiding), as the product prepared obtained by the intermediate steps of rope." rope " refers to will be more
Root strand, by pooling capital, twisting or pigtail weaves together obtained end article.
Embodiment of the present invention described in the content of the invention includes any other embodiment as described herein, these implementations
Scheme can combine in any way, and the description of the variable in these embodiments is also applied for the protection network of the present invention.
The present invention is described below in detail.
The protection network of the present invention includes：(a) dictyosome, (b) head rope rope, and (c) tether, wherein the dictyosome is by least one
Root mesh rope is formed, and the dictyosome is connected by the tether with the head rope rope, the mesh rope, head rope rope and each freedom of tether
More contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn compositions.
Protection network according to the present invention is included by the dictyosome that at least a mesh rope forms, and the mesh rope is by contraposition virtue
Fragrant polyamide fiber composition.
P -aromatic polyamide fiber due to its excellent high-tensile-weight ratio, wear resistance, agent of low hygroscopicity,
Low combustible and low conductivity, and the protection network of falling rocks is intercepted particularly suitable for making.
Term " contraposition aromatic polyamide " used herein refers to poly- (poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamide) homopolymer and gathers
(poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamide) copolymer.Poly- (poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamide) homopolymer is by p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and to benzene
Dimethyl chloride (TCL) is polymerize (mole-for-mole polymerization) in a manner of equimolar number and obtained.It is in addition, poly- (right
Phenylene terepthalamide) copolymer by add be for up to 10 moles of % other diamines rub with p-phenylenediamine and for up to 10
Other diacyl chlorides of your % are obtained with paraphthaloyl chloride, and condition is that other diamines and diacyl chloride be not dry
Disturb the reactive group of polymerisation.Diamines example in addition to p-phenylenediamine includes but not limited to m-phenylene diamine (MPD), or 3,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl ether (3,4'-DAPE).The example of diacyl chloride in addition to paraphthaloyl chloride includes but not limited to
M-phthaloyl chloride, 2,6- naphthalenes dimethyl chloride, chloro paraphthaloyl chloride or dichloro paraphthaloyl chloride.
Solution containing polymer or copolymer can be spun into fibre by above-mentioned contraposition aromatic polyamide by solution spinning
Dimension, the solvent of the solution can be in polymer solvent or other solvents.Fibre spinning can utilize dry-spinning, wet spinning or dry-jet wet-spinning
(also referred to as air gap spinning) is realized by multi-holed jet, to produce multifilament fiber as known in the art.Answering after spinning
Silk fiber can then be neutralized using routine techniques, washed, is dry, or be heat-treated the fiber as needed, steady to obtain
Fixed and available fiber.
P -aromatic polyamide fiber (i.e. raw yarn) is commercially available, for example, from Teijin (Japan)From Duponal Mu Er companies (hereinafter referred Du Pont)From Kolon
Industries, Inc.'s
Preferably, the line density of p -aromatic polyamide fiber used is that at least 220 dtexs, strength are
200cN/tex, stretch modulus are at least 4000cN/tex, and elongation at break is 5% or lower.
The ultimate strength (breaking strength) of yarn, can be according to the method for ASTM D7269 in units of cN
Measurement, wherein the ultimate strength is the maximum, force that yarn can be born before fracturing.Strength (breaking
Tenacity) calculated by using the line density of ultimate strength divided by yarn (in units of tex).
In one embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, mesh rope, head rope rope and tether are about by line density
220-3,300 dtexs, are preferably from about 660-2, the contraposition aromatic series polyamides of 500 dtexs, even more preferably about 1,100-1,800 dtexs
Amine yarn forms.
In another embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, mesh rope, head rope rope and tether are by contraposition aromatic series
Polyamide yarn forms, and each has at least about 4000cN/tex, or preferably from about 4500cN/tex, or even more preferably about
The stretch modulus of 4800cN/tex.
Mesh rope
In the present invention, the dictyosome is made of at least one mesh rope, and the mesh rope is multiple to be formed by knotting
Diamond mesh.When pulling open diamond mesh to 4 about 90 degree of interior angle, which is actually square.
Mesh rope can be made according to conventional textile technology of more contraposition aromatic polyamide yarns, described conventional
Textile technology is for example twisted, pigtail volume, Split Down (stranding), plying, or combinations thereof.For example, mesh rope can be compiled by pigtail
More strands are formed, and the strand is then made by twisting more than an one thread.But when forming rope by twisting, weight
What is wanted is that the strand twists (balanced twist) in a balanced fashion, it ensures the rope for manufacturing high maximum load (load force)
Rope.For example, balanced twist generally includes two steps：First, at least two one threads will mutually merge, twisting is (first in a first direction
Twist with the fingers), long filament is advanced parallel to the direct of travel of yarn in yarn, obtains strand；Second, then, will at least two strands it be harmonious
And (retwist) is twisted in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, to form rope.The twist of yarn and strand is by every meter of sth. made by twisting
Number (tpm) represents.Preferably, the twist of yarn and strand is 50-250tpm.Twist direction can be rotated along right-hand direction
Twisted with the fingers to S, or suitable left hand direction rotates to obtain Z sth. made by twisting.
In one embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, at least 4 bursts twisting of pigtail volume or nothing on braider are passed through
The yarn or strand of sth. made by twisting form the mesh rope.According to used certain types of braider, the yarn compiled for pigtail or
The quantity of strand is preferably even number, such as 4,6,8,10,12 or more.Note that the rope that pigtail is compiled can be included by multiple yarns
Or the heart yarn of strand composition.
With the increase of the number of threads of every rope, the equivalent diameter of rope and the maximum load of rope can generally also increase
Add, condition is that the rope is made of identical yarn and forms in an identical manner.Those skilled in the art can select
The suitable number of threads of every rope, and they are merged by twisting, pigtail volume, plying or combinations thereof.According to rope
The direct totalling value of the constructive method of rope, the maximum load of rope and the ultimate strength not equal to every one thread in it, usually
It was observed that the about 50-90% for the value.
Term " equivalent diameter " used herein refers to that the external diameter of a circle of all fibers or strand will be surrounded.Cause
This, this is measuring for the maximum cross section of yarn or rope.
In view of being easy to use hand or the knotting on conventional equipment, the equivalent diameter of mesh rope is suitable for the invention at least
For 0.3mm, or 1mm, or 3mm；And it is not more than 10mm, or 8mm, or 6mm.In order to obtain with suitable load capacity
The protection network of (bearing capacity), the maximum load of mesh rope of the invention is at least about 1,000N, or 3,000N, or
5,000N, or 7,000N, or 10,000N, or 12,000N.
In one embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, the equivalent diameter of the mesh rope is about 0.3-10mm,
Or 1-8mm, or 3-6mm.
In a further embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, the maximum load of the mesh rope is at least about
1,000N, or 3,000N, or 5,000N, or 7,000N, or 10,000N, or 12,000N.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mesh rope compiles the contraposition aromatic polyamide of more plying by pigtail
Raw yarn is such asK29 (1670 dtexs, the ultimate strength of every raw yarn is 338N) is formed；According to the number of its yarn,
It is for reference that the equivalent diameter (mm) of every rope and the calculated value of maximum load (N) are listed in table 1.
Table 1
* total number of threads is the rope of 72, its equivalent diameter with maximum load data is directly obtained by measurement and test
.
aThe equivalent diameter of every rope is the equivalent diameter relative to the rope with 72 one threads according to its total number of threads
Calculate and obtain pari passu.
bThe maximum load of every rope is the maximum load relative to the rope with 72 one threads according to its total number of threads
Calculate and obtain pari passu.
In one embodiment, in the protection network of the present invention, the contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn of every mesh rope
Sum in the range of 4 to 144, wherein it is described contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn line density be 1670 dtexs (1500D).
The mesh rope can also be from such as Shanghai Xin Huang rope makings Co., Ltd and Zhejiang Sixiong Rope Co., Ltd. with 12
Stock individual layer kernmantle, diamond kernmantle and core rope form are commercially available, and have multiple diameter and the bobbin size available.
It is well known in the present art for producing the method for having netting.In the present invention, hand or conventional netting machine can be used
The dictyosome is manufactured in a usual manner.As shown in Fig. 1 (A), for example, can use Z-type or S types fast knot (sheet bend knot,
A1 and A2), double fast knots (sheet bend double knot, A3) or reef knot (square knot, A4) play the mesh rope
Knot；And single-line type or two-wire system method are used, to be compiled into dictyosome (referring to Fig. 1 (B) and (C)).For by single-line type method shape
Into net (Fig. 1 (B)), the growing direction (or length direction, L) that the woollen yarn knitting direction of its mesh rope is perpendicular to the net such as indicates
Shown in the arrow of " L ".In contrast, using two-wire system method (Fig. 1 (C)), the woollen yarn knitting direction of its mesh rope is parallel to the net
Growing direction.
No matter which kind of knot is beaten, and the strand of the mesh rope will be kept locking in mutual plotted point, to keep mesh
Predefined size, i.e. size of mesh (d).The size of mesh of the protection network of the present invention can pass through adjacent 2 knots of diamond mesh
The distance between center represent that also referred to as half net knot is away from (half mesh knot to knot)；The whole network knot is away from (full
Mesh knot to knot) it is defined as the distance between two opposite centers of knot of mesh of stretching, equal to 2d
(referring to Fig. 2).It can be opened due to rhombus net and d × d can also be used to represent as square, size of mesh.
Net with smaller size of mesh can intercept less stone and be to be used with higher load capacity, condition
Mesh rope be identical.Although this will also drive net weight and production cost rise.
The principal element for determining protection network load capacity of the present invention is the equivalent diameter and its mesh ruler of used mesh rope
It is very little.For the purposes of the present invention, the load capacity of the protection network is at least 0.3 ton, is preferably at least 0.5 ton, and more preferably
It is at least 1.0 tons, can be measured according to UNI11437-2012 methods.For given mesh rope, those skilled in the art can select
The head rope rope and tether of suitable dimension, and size of mesh is adjusted to manufacture the protection for the load requirement for meeting particular tunnel place
Net.
Relation between the load capacity and size of mesh of protection network is shown in Table 2 relative to the equivalent diameter of mesh rope.
Table 2
aBased on being 5mm with equivalent diameter, the load capacity measured by net that the mesh rope that size of mesh is 60mm manufactures calculates
The load capacity each netted.
bThe net weight each netted only estimates its dictyosome weight.
In one embodiment of the invention, model of the size of mesh (d) of the protection network in about 30mm to about 100mm
In enclosing.
As shown in Fig. 3 (A), protection network 100 of the invention is limited its peripheral flexible boundary and is increased using head rope rope 20
The intensity and durability of dictyosome 10.Head rope rope 20 is typically a continuous rope, it passes through edge mesh, by by each end
Fold back to form interlocked rings, then tie up to connect two ends (as shown in Fig. 3 (B)).Suitable head rope rope 20 is by before
The p -aromatic polyamide fiber composition of description, and its equivalent diameter is about 1.5-2 times of the equivalent diameter of mesh rope.Net
Body 10 can be secured on head rope rope 20 by any conventional mode tether 30.For example, tether passes through each side of dictyosome
Hoddy mesh, mode clove hitch at equidistant intervals are tied up around head rope rope 20.The tether 30 is by right as previously described
Position aromatic polyamide fibre composition.For the purposes of the present invention, the equivalent diameter ratio of suitable tether 30 and mesh rope is about
1/5 to 1/2.For example, the protection network of the present invention is made of the mesh rope that equivalent diameter is about 5mm, it is preferable that the head rope rope
Equivalent diameter is about 7.5mm to about 10mm, and the equivalent diameter of the tether is about 1mm to about 2.5mm.
According to the requirement in specific tunnel place, the protection network can be the shape of rectangle, square, circle or triangle
Shape.Preferably, protection network of the invention is rectangle net or square net.The size of the protection network of the present invention is not limited especially
System, the length or diameter at least one side of the usual protection network are more than 1 meter.For example, rectangle net or square net length and
Width can change between 1 meter to 10 meters independently of one another.
In view of being easy to transport and installing, substitution customizes a huge net to cover the total length in tunnel and the arch tunnel
Full stride at the top of road, can be sutured and is connected when mounted by the net of multipair same size with suture rope.It is described
One length thrown the net (L) or width (W) are preferably at least covered from the center line at the top of arched tunnel, and extend to side
On wall at about 0.5-2 meters, as shown in Fig. 4 (A).Since the length in tunnel can change, multipair identical size is such as 10 meters × 6 meters
On the protection network of the present invention can be fixed at the top of arched tunnel together by conventional method known to technical staff, with covering
The total length in the tunnel.Fig. 4 (B) shows a kind of plan view for the mode for connecting multiple protection networks.The protection network preferably passes through
Hold assembly and/or anchor pole with fiber guard block such as anchor plate are fastened to one of tunnel vault and sidewall areas
Point.The suture rope is made of p -aromatic polyamide fiber as previously described.Suitable suture rope and mesh rope etc.
It is about 1.2 to 2.2 to imitate diameter ratio.
The protection network of the present invention is made of contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn completely, makes it relative to steel wire not only weight
Substantially reduce and possibility of dangling also reduces.In addition, different from any other by synthetic fibers such as polyamide (PA6,
PA66, or the like) or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) form net, it is of the invention by contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn
The protection network that line is formed has high electrical insulating properties, high-fire resistance (160 DEG C) and anti-flammability, can also be from fiery self-extinguishment when lighting.By
It is slightly sensitive for UV light in the polymer property of contraposition aromatic polyamide, net of the invention.Tunnel is exclusively used in for the present invention
Purposes in road, the protection network are but greatly reduced because of the probability of UV light deteriorations.
In one embodiment, the load capacity of protection network of the invention is at least 0.3 ton, or at least 0.5 ton, at least
For 1.0 tons.
In another embodiment, protection network of the invention meets UL94V-0 grades, and its resistivity is 109Ω
Or bigger.
It is optionally possible to suitable coating to be applied to the protection network of the present invention, to prevent abrasion and from UV photo damages,
As long as the load capacity of the net can be kept.Suitable coating composition includes at least polyurethane of 10-50% (PU) resin, load
Body, and UV absorbers, extender, plasticizer and/or the dyestuff being optionally present.
The polyurethane resin is typically to be obtained by the component containing isocyanates and the component reaction of hydroxyl.Depend on
The component of hydroxyl, polyurethane resin can be divided into acroleic acid polyurethane, alcohol acid and polyurethane, polyester-polyurethane, polyether-polyurethane, ring
Oxygen polyurethane etc..The polyurethane resin is preferably polyester-polyurethane, and more preferably polyester aliphatic urethane.
The carrier can be trichloroethanes, dichloromethane, perchloroethylene, water, dimethylbenzene, mixed xylenes (xylol),
Toluene, Mineral spirits such as naphtha, or their mixture.Preferably, the carrier is water.
The coating composition can also optionally include ultraviolet (UV) light absorber, with by preventing fiber due to exposure
Degrade in sunlight so as to help to extend the service life of coated protection network.A variety of UV light absorbers such as benzotriazole can be used
Class and Benzophenone class, and it is compatible with the polyurethane resin of coating composition.Currently preferred UV light absorbers are benzotriazoles,
For example,Germany BASF AG can be purchased from.
The coating composition optionally includes extender.Suitable extender is inert, durable, miscible
, and it is wear-resistant, it is compatible with used polyurethane resin.The extender can also be the filler with same nature.Close
The example of suitable extender includes silicate, glass marble, carbon black or its any proprietary extender of kind.Currently preferred extender is
Carbon black, it is with trade name(German Degussa AG) is sold.
The coating composition can also optionally include plasticizer, with the flexibility and durability of the net of increase coating.Close
Suitable plasticizer includes the ester selected from phthalic acid ester, benzoic ether, adipate ester and sebacate；Polyalcohol such as ethylene glycol
And its derivative；And castor oil.Preferable plasticizer includes phthalic acid butyl octyl ester, (the 2- ethyls of phthalic acid two
Hexyl) ester, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, two different nonyl of phthalic acid
Ester, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate and diethylene glycol dibenzoate.Currently preferred extender is benzoates, it can be by
U.S. Eastman Chemical Company, trade nameIt is commercially available.
In one embodiment, the coating composition is aqueous polyurethane dispersion.In another embodiment,
The aqueous polyurethane dispersion includes at least polyurethane resin of 10-50%, wherein the polyurethane resin is polyester aliphatic series
Polyurethane.
Suitable PU coating compositions are commercially available, for example, from I-Coats N.V. (Belgium) with trade name ICO-THANE
Obtained aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
Preparing the method for coated protection network includes：I) coating composition of debita spissitudo, ii are provided) in the sufficient time
It is interior, the coating composition is applied to protection network, to allow the coating composition to penetrate into the fiber of protection network, iii)
Optionally, excessive coating composition, and iv are removed) drying wet web.The coating composition can be by impregnating, submerging, brushing
Apply, roller coat or spraying are applied to protection network of the invention.According to used applying method, those skilled in the art can pass through
Known method adjusts the concentration of the coating composition, for example, being diluted with suitable carrier.Wet web is tiled or is suspended on
On drying frame, by heating 60-400 minutes at ambient temperature and/or in 50-80 DEG C of baking oven come drying.Remove excessive
Coating composition wet web can be made by two opposite rollers by wet web described in whipping, wet web is arranged by a series of
Roller, or completed by various other methods well known by persons skilled in the art.
After drying, the content of polyurethane coating is preferably to account for the gross weight of coated protection network in coated protection network
About 5-15 weight %.
In one embodiment, protection network of the invention further includes polyurethane coating.In another embodiment
In, in the protection network of the present invention, the content of the polyurethane coating is the about 5-15 weights for the gross weight for accounting for coated protection network
Measure %.
It need not be expanded on further, it is described previously maximumlly using originally that applicant thinks that those skilled in the art can use
Invention.Therefore, the following examples should be construed as illustrative only, without limiting the disclosure in any way.
Embodiment
Material
Raw yarn：Align aromatic polyamide K29AP fibers, 1670 dtexs, 1000 long filaments/yarn, ultimate strength 338N；Stretching
Modulus 4900cN/tex, elongation at break 3.6%, obtained from Du Pont.
Mesh rope：(a) 4-6 bars contraposition aromatic polyamide raw yarn is twisted on braider (S or Z are twisted with the fingers, 60tpm), with
To contraposition aromatic polyamide strand；(b) pigtail compiles the contraposition aromatic polyamide strand of 12, to obtain equivalent diameter as about 3-
The mesh rope of 5mm.
Head rope rope：(a) 8-12 bars contraposition aromatic polyamide raw yarn is twisted on braider (S or Z are twisted with the fingers, 60tpm), with
To aromatic polyamide strand；(b) pigtail compiles 12 contraposition aromatic polyamide strands, to obtain equivalent diameter as about 8-10mm
Head rope rope.
Tether：(a) 3-4 bars of pooling capital on braider align aromatic polyamide raw yarn, to obtain contraposition aromatic series polyamides
Amine strand；(b) pigtail compiles 6 contraposition aromatic polyamide strands, to obtain tether of the equivalent diameter as about 1-1.5mm.
PU coating compositions：PU coating compositions are the waterborne polyester fat that 30 parts by weight are diluted by using the water of 70 parts by weight
Race's dispersions of polyurethanes (ICO-THANE 10, is sold by I-Coats N.V. (Belgium)) and prepare.
Coating test：Weigh before coating 3 raw yarns (63 centimeter length), to obtain pre- weight (W0).At room temperature, by yarn
It is immersed in PU coating compositions 10 minutes, then takes out from container, drying of tiling at room temperature, and weigh to obtain through applying
Sample weight (the W covered1).The content of coating (Δ W) is calculated by formula shown below：
Δ W%=[(W1-W0)/W1]×100
Table 3
As shown by data in table 3, submerges 10 minutes, resulting coated yarn in aqueous polyurethane dispersion at room temperature
Average coating levels in line are about 10.6%.
Wear resistance is tested：Measure and record the ultimate strength (S of each sample0), sample includes 6 coated yarns
(CY1-CY6) and 6 uncoated yarns (Y1-Y6).The coated yarn is the method in being tested according to above-mentioned coating
It is made.
Use thread friction testing machine (model SM-II, by Beijing Science and Technology
Development Co., Ltd.s manufacture), friction treatment is carried out to every yarns (55 centimeter length).With the load of 2.5kg by yarn
Line intersects and the end of yarn is fixed on 2 fixators.As yarn holder is moved back with 1 second frequency each circulated
It is dynamic, allow yarn sample self friction.After 600 circulations, sample is removed from frictional testing machine, measures and records each sample
Ultimate strength (S1)。
The loss (Δ S) of ultimate strength：After friction processing, the ultimate strength of rope sample is lost by formula as shown below
Calculate：
Δ S%=[(S1-S0)/S0]×100
Table 4
The wearability of yarn is judged according to the size of ultimate strength loss.By the data of table 4 as it can be seen that compared to uncoated
Yarn, the ultimate strength loss of the yarn through PU coatings is less, therefore has higher wearability.
Resistivity measurement：According to IEC60468, the 1st edition, 08-15-1990 methods use resistance equipment megger tests five
The resistance of bar mesh rope sample (10 centimeter lengths, 5mm equivalent diameters).Data are listed in following table, it was demonstrated that the mesh rope has high electricity
Resistance rate.
Table 5
Maximum load is tested：Tested on 9995 universal testing machines of Instron five mesh rope samples (10 centimeter lengths,
5mm equivalent diameters) maximum load.The maximum load of mesh rope is measured according to ASTM D7269 methods.Data are listed in following table, institute
The average maximum load for the mesh rope that the equivalent diameter of test is 5mm is 16641N.
Table 6
Anti-flammability tests (UL94)：According to method：“Tests for Flammability of Plastic
Materials, UL94 ", Underwriter's Laboratory Bulletin 94, test five (10 lis of mesh rope samples
Long, the 5mm equivalent diameters of rice).It is based on 10 combustion testings as a result, obtaining V-0 gradings.
Embodiment 1-3 net manufactures
Mesh rope, the head rope rope formed using the p -aromatic polyamide fiber with the equivalent diameter listed in table 7
And tether, the net of 2.5 meters × 2.5 meters of preparation.First, mesh rope is tied into knot, and its mesh ruler with hand in single-line type method
Very little is 60mm.Then, dictyosome is tied up with clove hitch with tether and is fixed on head rope rope.
Net is weighed (W0) and be immersed at room temperature in the container containing about 50 liters of PU coating compositions 10 minutes.From
After being taken out in container, the net is allowed to be dried overnight at ambient temperature, to allow PU paint solidifications and the (W that weighs again1).Through applying
The content for covering the PU coating of net is calculated by formula as shown below：
Δ W%=[(W1-W0)/W1]×100
Table 7
Load capacity is tested：Net sample is hooked on the frame of bursting strength tester, this is the rupture testing rig of 1000KN
(being manufactured by the Sichuan Aote Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. in Chinese Chengdu).It is no more than the maximum, force of 5 rupture meshes by causing
To determine the load capacity of the net.
Table 8
Although with typical embodiment example and the invention has been described, it is not intended to limit the invention to shown
In details, there may be a variety of modifications and substitutions under the spirit without departing substantially from the present invention.Thus, when those skilled in the art can be only
Just obtained and the improvement of invention disclosed herein and be equal by normal experiment, then it is both bag to firmly believe all these improvement and wait
It is contained in the spirit and scope of the present invention defined in claim.
Claims (10)
1. the protection network for intercepting falling rocks in railway or vcehicular tunnel, it includes：
By the dictyosome that at least a mesh rope is formed, the mesh rope is by knotting to form multiple diamond meshes；
Head rope rope, it is the continuity peripheral components as selvage circle；With
Tether, it is the component for dictyosome to be connected to the head rope rope in multiple fixed positions；
Wherein,
The protection network is free of tinsel；
The shape of the protection network is rectangle, square, circle or triangle；
The length at least one side of the protection network or its diameter are greater than 1 meter；And
More the mesh rope, head rope rope and each freedom of tether contraposition aromatic polyamide yarn compositions, and have per one thread
There is at least stretch modulus of 4000cN/tex.
2. protection network according to claim 1, wherein scope of the size of mesh of the protection network in 30mm to 100mm
Interior, the size of mesh is the distance between center of 2 adjacent knots of diamond mesh.
3. protection network according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter of the mesh rope is 0.3mm to 10mm.
4. protection network according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter ratio of the head rope rope and the mesh rope is 1.5-
2。
5. protection network according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter ratio of the tether and the mesh rope is 1/5 to 1/
2。
6. protection network according to claim 1, wherein the mesh rope is beaten with Z or S types fast knot, double fast knots or reef knot
Knot, to form the dictyosome.
7. protection network according to claim 1, wherein the tether passes through the edge mesh of the dictyosome, and between equidistant
Every mode tie up around the head rope rope.
8. protection network according to claim 1, its load capacity is at least 0.3 ton.
9. protection network according to claim 1, it meets UL94 V-0 grades, and its resistivity is 109Ω or bigger.
10. protection network according to claim 1, it also includes polyurethane coating, and the content of the polyurethane coating
It is the 5-15 weight % for the gross weight for accounting for coated protection network.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610900434.6A CN107956206A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | For intercepting the protection network of falling rocks in tunnel |
| CN202211024568.8A CN115162221A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | Protective net for intercepting rockfall in tunnel |
| PCT/US2017/048140 WO2018071097A1 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-08-23 | Protective net for catching falling rocks in tunnels |
| JP2019519380A JP7165291B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-08-23 | Protective netting for catching falling rocks in tunnels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610900434.6A CN107956206A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | For intercepting the protection network of falling rocks in tunnel |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211024568.8A Division CN115162221A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | Protective net for intercepting rockfall in tunnel |
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| CN107956206A true CN107956206A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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ID=59772756
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610900434.6A Pending CN107956206A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | For intercepting the protection network of falling rocks in tunnel |
| CN202211024568.8A Pending CN115162221A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | Protective net for intercepting rockfall in tunnel |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211024568.8A Pending CN115162221A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | Protective net for intercepting rockfall in tunnel |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7165291B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN107956206A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018071097A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111561329A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-21 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Method for repairing water permeable cavern below inverted arch of railway tunnel in water reservoir explosion roof |
| CN112459808A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-09 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Protective shed frame |
| CN115341558A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-15 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Rock slope ecological protection system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108723261B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2023-08-18 | 山东交通学院 | Double-cross wire-twisting net piece connecting machine |
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2017
- 2017-08-23 JP JP2019519380A patent/JP7165291B2/en active Active
- 2017-08-23 WO PCT/US2017/048140 patent/WO2018071097A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN205422721U (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-08-03 | 江西交通咨询公司 | Prevent in tunnel protection network of blasting to equipment harm |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111561329A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-21 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Method for repairing water permeable cavern below inverted arch of railway tunnel in water reservoir explosion roof |
| CN111561329B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-03-15 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Method for repairing water permeable cavern below inverted arch of railway tunnel in water reservoir explosion roof |
| CN112459808A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-09 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Protective shed frame |
| CN112459808B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2023-08-11 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Protective shed frame |
| CN115341558A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-15 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Rock slope ecological protection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115162221A (en) | 2022-10-11 |
| JP7165291B2 (en) | 2022-11-04 |
| WO2018071097A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
| JP2019530819A (en) | 2019-10-24 |
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