CN107946893A - The saturable absorber device of gradual change multimode single mode structure based on microcavity built in single mode - Google Patents
The saturable absorber device of gradual change multimode single mode structure based on microcavity built in single mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN107946893A CN107946893A CN201711189394.XA CN201711189394A CN107946893A CN 107946893 A CN107946893 A CN 107946893A CN 201711189394 A CN201711189394 A CN 201711189394A CN 107946893 A CN107946893 A CN 107946893A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0288—Multimode fibre, e.g. graded index core for compensating modal dispersion
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of saturable absorber device of the gradual change multimode single mode structure based on microcavity built in single mode, using all optical fibre structure, it is composed of the graded index multimode fiber of the first single mode optical fiber, the second single mode optical fiber and built-in microcavity.The characteristic of the saturable absorber is determined by the graded index multimode fiber of built-in microcavity, the relevant specific loss relation of light intensity caused by its stronger non-linear multimode interference effect, pulse both wings are depleted and by so as to obtain ultrashort mode locking pulse at peak value.The saturable absorber has the advantages that of low cost, simple in structure, mechanical performance is outstanding, while can significantly reduce the energy density in optical fiber, improves damage threshold, can further be applied in high-power ultrashort pulse mode locked fiber laser.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to belong to laser technology and non-linear optical field.It is especially a kind of based on single mode-built-in microcavity
The saturable absorber of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure.
Background technology
Saturable absorber device is the optics for realizing that passive mode-locking ultrashort pulse fiber laser is the most key.This
Kind device disclosure satisfy that specific loss relation, i.e., when being strengthened by the pulse energy of the device, its optical loss diminishes, thoroughly
Cross rate increase.At present, common saturable absorber device includes semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror（SESAM）, carbon nanotubes, with
Graphene is for the New Two Dimensional material of representative and based on nonlinear polarization rotation（NPR）The equivalent saturable absorber of effect.
However, these common saturable absorbers remain the defects of certain, such as：The response time of SESAM is typically only capable to
Reach picosecond magnitude so that they are not ideal and larger between optical fiber in terms of the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude is produced
Coupling loss can limit the lifting of laser transformation efficiency.The saturable absorber material such as carbon nanotubes and graphene is easily dirty
Dye, the fault in material such as poor and relatively low damage threshold of long-term reliability also significantly limit the output power of laser with
Service life.Disturbance based on the saturable absorber of NPR to external environment is more sensitive, generally makes in laboratory environments
With.Reliable saturable absorber is needed with fast response time（Relaxation time）, high stability, long-term reliability, easily
With superperformances such as property, appropriate saturation flux and low-losses.
In recent years, the multimode interference effect in multimode fibre has been furtherd investigate and has been successfully applied to various optical fiber devices
Part, in linear applications, includes beam shaper, sensor and wave filter etc..Wherein, graded index multimode fiber due to
The advantages such as the high-order mode quantity with self-excitation is few, modal dispersion is small, receive more and more extensive concern.Due to gradient index
Rate multimode fibre can reduce modal dispersion, and the propagation constant of its pattern is equidistant, so its optical signal autohemagglutination focal length
Degree can be very short, is even less than 1mm, therefore, the nonlinear effect in graded index multimode fiber（Such as：Four-wave mixing, from phase
Position modulation and Cross-phase Modulation etc.）It is very abundant.At present, in terms of nonlinear effect, based on Graded-index multimode light
Fibre realizes a variety of applications such as bessel beam and super continuous spectrums, these applications are all to make to satisfy using graded index fiber
Theory support is provided with absorber.And saturable absorber such as graphene made of graded index multimode fiber etc.
Two-dimensional material and semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror are simpler in structure, and damage threshold is high, simultaneously because the material of optical fiber
Material is not allowed than other saturable absorbers easy to aging based on quartz, is that a kind of to make saturable absorber very reliable
Material.
The content of the invention
The present invention devises a kind of relatively low, simple in structure, performance stabilization the saturable absorber of cost, there is provided one kind is based on
Saturable absorber device of the graded index multimode fiber of built-in microcavity and preparation method thereof, and by the saturable absorption
Device device, which is applied in the mode locked fiber laser of all -fiber, obtains ultrashort pulse output.The present invention one of purpose be
Solve the technical problem present in existing saturable absorber, there is provided a kind of broadband, the saturable absorption of high damage threshold
Body device；Another purpose is to realize passive mode-locking fiber laser using saturable absorber device, so as to obtain ultrashort arteries and veins
The output of punching.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, this invention takes following technical solution：The Graded-index multimode of built-in microcavity
The saturable absorber device of optical fiber, including the first single mode optical fiber of welding successively（1-1）, graded index of the end face with micropore
Multimode fibre（2）, and the second single mode optical fiber（1-2）.Wherein, the first single mode optical fiber is melted with the graded index fiber with micropore
Microcavity is formed after connecing（3）.
Preferably, first single mode optical fiber and the second single mode optical fiber are single mode optical fiber of the same race.
Preferably, the graded index multimode fiber use fibre core/covering ratio for 62.5 μm/125 μm or
The optical fiber that 50 μm/125 μm of person.
Preferably, the graded index multimode fiber length is more than 15cm.
The present invention provides the saturable absorber device of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity
Preparation method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：A micropore at fibre core is produced on one of end face of graded index multimode fiber；
Step 2：Graded index multimode fiber end face is carried to one end and the first single mode optical fiber welding shape of micropore with heat sealing machine
Into microcavity；
Step 3：The other end of graded index multimode fiber is welding together with the second single mode optical fiber with heat sealing machine.
Preferably, the surface micro-pores of the graded index multimode fiber can use hydrofluoric acid corrosion or femtosecond
The method of Laser Micro-Machining obtains.
Preferably, the microcavity diameters in the saturable absorber are less than or equal to 45 μm.
The cardinal principle of the present invention：Due to the Self-phase modulation and Cross-phase Modulation in graded index multimode fiber
Etc. the change that nonlinear effect can cause equivalent refractive index, finally cause in graded index multimode fiber under high-peak power
Self-focusing length and the difference under low peak power.And the mode distributions of graded index multimode fiber are different, can influence non-thread
Property effect intensity, therefore the disturbance on graded index multimode fiber of the end face with microcavity can influence enter graded index it is more
The mode distributions of mode fiber optical signal.And when the ratio of basic mode reaches suitable degree, laser will be caused from gradient index
The lucky self-focusing of optical signal of high-peak power in rate multimode fibre to single mode optical fiber is at the fibre core of single mode optical fiber, and ebb
It is only to be lost and decay that the optical signal of value power, which enters in the covering of single mode optical fiber,.This characteristic is equivalent to saturable absorber.
Compared with prior art, it is of the invention to be inhaled based on " the gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure of single mode-built-in microcavity " saturable
The saturable absorber device of acceptor, the beneficial effect brought are：
（1）The diameter of microcavity can be realized by varying the design parameter of corrosion or femtosecond processing in above-mentioned saturable absorber
Accurate control, so as to improve the characteristic of the saturable absorber, and then can optimize the output parameter of laser.
（2）Above-mentioned saturable absorber has of low cost, simple in structure, the advantages that mechanical performance is outstanding, is easy to advise greatly
Mould is produced in batches.
（3）Above-mentioned saturable absorber has very excellent optical characteristics, and the use of multimode fibre can greatly drop
Energy density in low optical fiber, damage threshold is high, and can further be applied to high-power ultrashort pulse locked mode light
In fibre laser.
（4）Pass through the rational design to multimode fibre length, core size so that above-mentioned saturable absorber device can
More low-loss transmission is realized in very wide spectral region.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is saturable absorber structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the gradual change multi-mode-single mode saturated absorbing body saturated absorption feature measurement figure of single mode-built-in microcavity.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of optical fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the gradual change multi-mode-single mode saturable absorber passive mode-locking fiber laser arteries and veins based on single mode-built-in microcavity
Rush sequence output.
Fig. 5 is pulse width measure figure of the laser under Fig. 4 pulse conditions.
Embodiment
Main idea is that：Due to the Self-phase modulation in graded index multimode fiber and cross-phase tune
The nonlinear effects such as system can cause the change of equivalent refractive index, finally so that in graded index multimode fiber under high-peak power
Self-focusing length and low peak power under difference.And the mode distributions of graded index multimode fiber are different, can influence non-
The intensity of linear effect, therefore the disturbance on graded index multimode fiber of the end face with microcavity can influence to enter graded index
The mode distributions of multimode fibre optical signal.And when the ratio of basic mode reaches suitable degree, laser will be caused to be rolled over from gradual change
The lucky self-focusing of optical signal of the high-peak power in rate multimode fibre to single mode optical fiber is penetrated at the fibre core of single mode optical fiber, and it is low
It is only to be lost and decay that the optical signal of peak power, which enters in the covering of single mode optical fiber,.This characteristic is equivalent to saturable absorber.
Detailed process prepared by " the gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure of single mode-built-in microcavity " saturable absorber of the present invention
For：
1. graded index fiber (62.5/125 μm, healthy and free from worry) both ends that the fibre core of one section of 23cm is 62.5 μm are cut flat with.
2. one of end face hydrofluoric acid is corroded 5 minutes, due to corrosion speed of the hydrofluoric acid to fibre cladding and fibre core
Degree is different, and therefore, multimode fibre can form a micropore after excessive erosion, at fibre core.
3. with heat sealing machine by one end that multimode fibre is corroded and single mode optical fiber phase welding.The discharge time of heat sealing machine is
800ms, forms a diameter of microcavity of 45 μm after welding.
4. by the other end of graded index multimode fiber and a section single-mould fiber welding, that is, obtain single mode-built-in microcavity
Gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure saturable absorber.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is given below, it is necessary to which explanation is that the invention is not limited in specific examples below
In, all equivalents done on the basis of technical scheme each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
This example provides a kind of saturable absorber of the gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity, and saturable is inhaled
Microcavity is carried in acceptor, graded index multimode fiber is between two section single-mould fibers.As shown in Figure 1.
This example using single mode-built-in microcavity gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure saturable absorber in nonlinear effect and
Self-focusing effect measures, using 1.5 mu m waveband femto-second lasers as testing light source, by the output power for adjusting optical fiber laser
Come measure the modulation depth of saturable absorber as shown in Fig. 2, with incident optical power increase, the transmitance of material tends to saturation.Survey
Amount result is fitted with simplified saturated absorption model：QUOTE ；Wherein, Δ T, IsatAnd TnsRespectively represent modulation depth, saturation power and
Unsaturation absorption coefficient, the modulation depth that material is obtained by fitting is 2.0%.
Embodiment 2
This gives a kind of passive mode-locking of the gradual change multi-mode-single mode saturable absorber based on single mode-built-in microcavity
Optical fiber laser, including wavelength are 1480nm pumping sources（4）, wavelength division multiplexer（5）, gain fibre（6）, isolator（7）, polarization
Controller（8）, single mode-built-in microcavity gradual change multi-mode-single mode saturable absorber（9）And fiber coupler（10）, optical fiber coupling
Clutch（10）Include the gradual change multi-mode-single mode saturable of 10% output port and 90% output port, wherein single mode-built-in microcavity
Absorber（9）It is same as Example 1.
Wavelength division multiplexer（5）, gain fibre（6）, isolator（7）, Polarization Controller（8）, single mode-built-in microcavity gradual change
Multi-mode-single mode saturable absorber（9）And fiber coupler（10）90% output port be sequentially connected circlewise, formed annular
Laserresonator, as shown in Figure 2.Laser diode pumping source 1 is connected to the input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 2.
As shown in figure 3, the gradual change multi-mode-single mode of single mode-built-in microcavity realizes passive mode-locking light as saturable absorber
In fibre laser operating, the mode locking pulse when pump power is 92.3mW is exported as shown in figure 4, it can be seen from the figure that chamber
Interior mode locking pulse is operated in a relatively steady state, and in pulse spacing 70.9ns, corresponding pulse recurrence frequency is
14.34MHz.Fig. 5 show the pulsewidth when mode locked fiber laser is in stable mode-locking pulse output, its value is 528fs.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. saturable absorber device of the gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity, it is characterised in that： The saturable absorber device of the graded index multimode fiber of built-in microcavity, including the first single mode optical fiber of welding successively（1- 1）, graded index multimode fiber of the end face with micropore（2）, and the second single mode optical fiber（1-2）.
- 2. wherein, the first single mode optical fiber after the graded index fiber welding with micropore with forming microcavity（3）.
- A kind of 3. saturable absorption of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity according to claim 1 Body device, it is characterised in that：First single mode optical fiber and the second single mode optical fiber are single mode optical fiber of the same race.
- A kind of 4. saturable absorption of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity according to claim 1 Body device, it is characterised in that：Graded index multimode fiber use fibre core/covering ratio for 62.5 μm/125 μm or 50 μm/ 125 μm of optical fiber.
- A kind of 5. saturable absorption of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity according to claim 1 Body device, it is characterised in that：Graded index multimode fiber length is more than 15cm.
- 6. a kind of preparation method of the saturable absorber device of the gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity, its It is characterized in that, includes the following steps：A micropore at fibre core is produced on one of end face of graded index multimode fiber；The one end of graded index multimode fiber end face with micropore is formed into microcavity with the first single mode optical fiber welding with heat sealing machine；The other end of graded index multimode fiber is welding together with the second single mode optical fiber with heat sealing machine.
- A kind of 7. saturable absorption of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity according to claim 5 The preparation method of body device, it is characterised in that：State graded index multimode fiber surface micro-pores can use hydrofluoric acid corrosion or The method of person's femtosecond laser parallel micromachining obtains.
- A kind of 8. saturable absorption of gradual change multi-mode-single mode structure based on single mode-built-in microcavity according to claim 5 The preparation method of body device, it is characterised in that：Microcavity diameters in saturable absorber are less than or equal to 45 μm.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109616862A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of mode locking pulse optical fiber laser of based on SMS structure |
| CN109917510A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of self focusing light fibre array for integral field unit |
| CN111999815A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-27 | 华南师范大学 | Tunable optical fiber filter based on few-mode-multimode-few-mode structure |
| CN112563873A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-26 | 华南师范大学 | Solution of high-energy Q-switched mode-locked multimode fiber laser |
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| CN109616862A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of mode locking pulse optical fiber laser of based on SMS structure |
| CN109917510A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of self focusing light fibre array for integral field unit |
| CN111999815A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-27 | 华南师范大学 | Tunable optical fiber filter based on few-mode-multimode-few-mode structure |
| CN111999815B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-09-30 | 华南师范大学 | Tunable optical fiber filter based on few-mode-multimode-few-mode structure |
| CN112563873A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-26 | 华南师范大学 | Solution of high-energy Q-switched mode-locked multimode fiber laser |
| CN112563873B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-04-26 | 华南师范大学 | Preparation method of saturable absorber and multimode fiber laser |
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