CN107944075A - For the analogy method and device of built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating - Google Patents
For the analogy method and device of built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, including establish the model of oil pipeline；Establish the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；Simulating for input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle；The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；The current density and heat flux distribution of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable are analyzed；Section current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution are carried out to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable.And device.Passed through with solving heat tracing pipe from oil pipeline, influence the flowing velocity of crude oil in pipeline, and the problem of the electrically heat tracing difficulty of construction of increase oil pipeline and cost.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to be directed to built-in oil transportation the present invention relates to built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating field
The analogy method and device of pipeline skin-effect electric heating.
Background technology
Kelvin effect heat tracing technology (SECT, Skin Effect Electrical Heat Trace Technique) is made
It is used widely for a kind of effective pipe insulation and freezing proof technique in pipeline oil transportation field.Currently used kelvin effect adds
Hot mode is that heat tracing pipe is welded on oil pipeline, and accompanying-heat cable passes through among heat tracing pipe.Since heat tracing pipe is in petroleum pipeline
Outside road, cause itself heat consumption larger；If heat tracing pipe passed through from oil pipeline, crude oil in pipeline certainly will be influenced whether
Flowing velocity, and increase the difficulty of construction and cost of existing oil pipeline electric tracing transformation.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, fills
Put and system, passed through with solving heat tracing pipe from oil pipeline, influence the flowing velocity of crude oil in pipeline, and increase is existing
The problem of difficulty of construction and cost of the transformation of oil pipeline electric tracing.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, bag
Include：
The model of oil pipeline is established, is located at described full of the crude oil medium flowed, accompanying-heat cable in the oil pipeline
On oil pipeline central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；
Establish the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the duct wall of the oil pipeline
Wiring connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；
The progress of input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
Simulation；The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；
Using the data-interface model, to the electric current of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Density and heat flux distribution are analyzed；
Computational accuracy is improved, section is carried out to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；
Analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, using the current density, the heat flux distribution,
And the section current density and the section heat flow density, with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and current density into
Row is checked, and draws analytical conclusions.
Preferably, the duct wall wiring connecting piece model to the oil pipeline and the wire connection terminal model carry out letter
Change analysis, including：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input firewire and the accompanying-heat cable and described
Connecting piece between oil pipeline simplifies, and deleting some static and dynamic performances influences the feature of very little, and deletes the oil transportation
It is union piece between pipe, the input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire；The oil pipeline with it is described
Contact surface carries out flexible connection processing between crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium；The petroleum pipeline
Contact surface carries out rigid connection processing between the terminal of road and the accompanying-heat cable.
Preferably, the method for improving computational accuracy, improves mesh generation efficiency：Model is reduced using isotropism
Number of grid, improve mesh generation efficiency, make radially that the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable meet
Isotropism principle, takes out the arbitrary volume unit of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable, to described
Arbitrary volume unit carries out mesh generation；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, locally thin to the arbitrary volume unit
Change.
Preferably, the heat flux distribution of the accompanying-heat cable, including：The axial direction of the accompanying-heat cable and the accompanying-heat cable
Radial temperature；Using the basic exercise equation of Fourier law and the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, three-dimensional steady state is obtained
The mixed boundary value equation in temperature field, utilizes accompanying-heat cable described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field
The radial temperature of axial and described accompanying-heat cable.
Preferably, the outer wall to the accompanying-heat cable, the oil pipeline, the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline
Outer wall contact point, and the analysis of the contact point local refinement of input firewire and the oil pipeline.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, institute
The simulator for stating built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating is stored with a plurality of instruction, and described instruction is suitable for being added by processor
Carry and perform：
The model of oil pipeline is established, is located at described full of the crude oil medium flowed, accompanying-heat cable in the oil pipeline
On oil pipeline central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；
Establish the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the duct wall of the oil pipeline
Wiring connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；
The progress of input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
Simulation；The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；
Using the data-interface model, to the electric current of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Density and heat flux distribution are analyzed；
Computational accuracy is improved, section is carried out to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；
Analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, using the current density, the heat flux distribution,
And the section current density and the section heat flow density, with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and current density into
Row is checked, and draws analytical conclusions.
Preferably, a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, including：
First processing units and second processing unit, the first processing units and the second processing unit pass through described
Data-interface model connects；
The first processing units, for establish the model of oil pipeline, establish the oil pipeline model any
The accompanying-heat cable of terminal and the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline, and establish the model of oil pipeline
End of incoming cables zero curve wire connection terminal model；
The second processing unit, spectrum impulse function is separated into the defeated of the accompanying-heat cable by the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
Enter hot voltage simulate, for carrying out heat flow density and the current density sunykatuib analysis of the oil pipeline, Yi Jisuo
The section for stating oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable carries out section current density and section heat flux distribution point
Analysis；
Using the first processing units, to the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline and the wiring
Terminal model carries out Simplified analysis, including：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input firewire with it is described
Connecting piece between accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline simplifies, and deleting some static and dynamic performances influences the feature of very little, and
It is union piece to delete between the petroleum pipeline, the input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire；It is described defeated
Contact surface is carried out at flexible connection between oil-piping and the crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium
Reason；Contact surface carries out rigid connection processing between the terminal of the oil pipeline and the accompanying-heat cable.
Preferably, using the first processing units, computational accuracy and mesh generation efficiency are improved：Using isotropism come
The number of grid of model is reduced, improves mesh generation efficiency, makes radially oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the heat tracing
Cable meets isotropism principle, takes out the arbitrary volume list of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Member, mesh generation is carried out to the arbitrary volume unit；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, to the arbitrary volume list
First local refinement.
Preferably, the second processing unit, including the radial temperature of the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable and accompanying-heat cable calculate
Unit：Using the basic exercise equation of Fourier law and the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, three-dimensional steady state temperature field is obtained
Mixed boundary value equation, using the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field and
The radial temperature of the accompanying-heat cable.
Preferably, the second processing unit, includes the outer wall point of the accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, the oil pipeline
Analyse unit, the outer wall contact point analytic unit of the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline, and input firewire and the oil transportation
The contact point analysis analytic unit of pipeline；
The accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, carries out local thin for the current density to the accompanying-heat cable and heat flux distribution
Change analysis；
The outer wall analytic unit of the oil pipeline, for the oil pipeline outer wall current density and heat flux distribution into
Row local refinement is analyzed；
The outer wall contact point analytic unit of the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline, for the accompanying-heat cable with it is described
The outer wall contact point current density and heat flux distribution of oil pipeline carry out local refinement analysis；
The contact point analytic unit of firewire and the oil pipeline is inputted, for inputting connecing for firewire and the oil pipeline
Contact current density and heat flux distribution carry out local refinement analysis.
The present invention at least has the advantages that：
The present invention proposes a kind of analogy method and device for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, heat tracing electricity
Cable is connected on the built-in kelvin effect Electric heating passed through among oil pipeline, abandons outside conventional skin-effect electric heating
Heat tracing pipe.
By establishing the model of oil pipeline, make the crude oil medium full of flowing in oil pipeline, accompanying-heat cable passes through defeated
Among oil-piping or the part of accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of oil pipeline, is separated into using using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
Simulating for input hot voltage of the impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is composed, obtains electric tracing tube trace gather skin layers depth and heat
The changing rule of efficiency, it is ensured that the technical limits of pipe safety even running.
Analyzed according to heat flux distribution and section heat flux distribution, utilize current density, heat flux distribution, and section current density
Checked with the heat flow density under section heat flow density, with experiment condition environment with current density, draw analytical conclusions, according to
The skin-effect electric heating design that conclusion can provide and improve the efficiency of heating surface, reduce energy consumption and improve the technical security reliability is accurate
Then, heated with reaching oil pipeline, drop glutinous and Wax proofing skin-effect electric heating control purpose, send out oil pipeline oil transportation
Heat is uniform, the thermal efficiency is high, easy to operate, safe and reliable, meets the actual electric tracing delivery requirements of middle and long distance viscous oil pipeline.
Meanwhile in existing oil pipeline transformation process, the present invention proposes that one kind is directed to built-in petroleum pipeline trace gather skin
The electrically heat tracing analogy method of effect and device can solve to imitate without heat tracing pipe accompanying-heat cable collection skin in existing oil pipeline transformation process
The reliability theory analysis difficulty answered is big and border measures the problem of difficult.
Brief description of the drawings
By below with reference to description of the attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned and other purpose of the invention, feature and
Advantage is apparent, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of analogy method flow for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the model schematic of the oil pipeline of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the oil pipeline input current figure of the built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of frame of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Embodiment
Below based on embodiment, present invention is described, but what deserves to be explained is, the present invention is not limited to these realities
Apply example.Below to the present invention detailed description in, it is detailed to describe some specific detail sections.However, for not detailed
The part described to the greatest extent, those skilled in the art can also understand the present invention completely.
In addition, it should be understood by one skilled in the art that the attached drawing provided simply to illustrate that the purpose of the present invention,
Feature and advantage, attached drawing are not to be actually drawn to scale.
Meanwhile unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the otherwise " comprising " in entire disclosure and claims, "comprising" etc.
Similar word should be construed to the implication included rather than exclusive or exhaustive implication；That is, it is " including but not limited to "
Implication.
Fig. 1 is a kind of analogy method flow for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, including：Step 101 establishes the model of oil pipeline, and the crude oil medium of flowing is full of in the oil pipeline,
Accompanying-heat cable is located on the oil pipeline central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable and the tube wall of the oil pipeline
Contact；Step 102 establishes the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the pipe of the oil pipeline
Road wall wiring connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；Step 103 is using solid
The fundamental wave of fixed cycle is separated into simulating for input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable；The petroleum pipeline
The model in road is connected with data-interface model foundation；Step 104 utilizes the data-interface model, to the oil pipeline, institute
The current density and heat flux distribution for stating crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable are analyzed；Step 105 improves computational accuracy, to institute
The section for stating oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable carries out section current density and section heat flux distribution point
Analysis；Step 106 is analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, utilizes the current density, the hot-fluid point
Cloth, and the section current density and the section heat flow density, it is close with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and electric current
Degree is checked, and draws analytical conclusions.
Step 101 establishes the model of oil pipeline, and the crude oil medium of flowing, accompanying-heat cable position are full of in the oil pipeline
In on the oil pipeline central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；Specifically
Say, analyze connection mode, mass parameter and the material parameters of built-in each part of skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline
And semiconducting sheath layer, stainless steel braiding layer, the import fluoroplastic insulation of analysis accompanying-heat cable (no heat tracing pipe accompanying-heat cable)
The material parameters such as the thickness of layer and Tinplated copper alloy layer, density, establish outsourcing rigid polyurethane foam under SolidWorks environment
The oil pipeline model of foam, the crude oil medium full of flowing in oil pipeline model, accompanying-heat cable are located on central axis,
The situation that accompanying-heat cable is located at diverse location in oil pipeline model can be analyzed.
In order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention be better achieved, in a step 101, analyze the volume of oil pipeline, quality,
Operating ambient temperature and external surface coating, surrounding soil thermal conductivity etc.；Analyze the semiconducting sheath layer of accompanying-heat cable, stainless steel is compiled
The material parameters such as tissue layer, the thickness of import fluoroplastic insulation layer and Tinplated copper alloy layer, density (volume, quality, material, density,
Elasticity modulus, Poisson's ratio, working strength)；Analyze between accompanying-heat cable end terminations and pipeline, gasket, bolt, nut,
Connection mode and contact position between the parts such as sealing ring, line nose.
Step 102 establishes the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the oil pipeline
Duct wall wiring connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；Specifically, it is defeated
The SolidWorks modelings of the connecting piece such as the accompanying-heat cable of oil-piping terminal and the terminal of oil pipeline wall wiring, gasket；Oil transportation
The SolidWorks modelings of the wire connection terminal of pipeline end of incoming cables zero curve.
In order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention be better achieved, in a step 102, the mode for establishing model is to utilize
Solidworks carries out diameter 1 to each part of oil pipeline：The 3 D stereo modeling of 1 ratio, in strict accordance with accurate ruler
Connection mode, spatial relation and encapsulation ruler between very little definite oil pipeline, accompanying-heat cable, crude oil medium and power distribution
It is very little.
Step 103 is separated into input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
Carry out simulate；The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；Specifically, the annoying input of accompanying-heat cable
The simulation of firewire AC220V voltages, spectrum impulse function is separated into according to mono- primitive period of 20ms, emulates AC220V voltages accordingly
The heating effect being added on accompanying-heat cable.
Step 104 utilizes the data-interface model, to the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Current density and heat flux distribution analyzed；Specifically, SolidWorks models (3D models) and Ansys are established
The data-interface model of Workbench, accordingly carry out oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline heat flow density with
Current density sunykatuib analysis., can be to oil pipeline, crude oil medium and accompanying-heat cable at the same time under Ansys Workbench environment
Heating effect, electric field strength, current density, heat flux distribution, voltage's distribiuting and Joule heat carry out sunykatuib analysis；More properly
Say, the Solidworks models established are imported into Ansys Workbench simulation analysis environment, and to Solidworks models
Material setting is carried out, accurate data-interface is left in this part, and core work is each to skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline
Part carries out mesh generation and distribution.
Step 105 improves computational accuracy, to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable into
Row section current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；Specifically, with regard to the section of oil pipeline, crude oil medium and accompanying-heat cable
For, handled using Local grid precision, increase the density of grid, improve the precision of FEM calculation accordingly；In petroleum pipeline
Road axial direction, is handled using sparse grid, to improve the computational efficiency of whole finite element analysis.
Further, the duct wall wiring connecting piece model to the oil pipeline and the wire connection terminal model carry out
Simplified analysis, including：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input firewire and the accompanying-heat cable and institute
The connecting piece stated between oil pipeline simplifies, and deleting some static and dynamic performances influences the feature of very little, and deletes the oil transportation
It is union piece between pipe, the input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire；The oil pipeline with it is described
Contact surface carries out flexible connection processing between crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium；The petroleum pipeline
Contact surface carries out rigid connection processing between the terminal of road and the accompanying-heat cable, with reduce model complexity, save calculate when
Between.
Specifically he, in order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention be better achieved, duct wall wiring to oil pipeline connection
The principle of method that knot part model and the wire connection terminal model carry out Simplified analysis is：Feature level is simplified, part level is simplified,
Contact surface is simplified between oil pipeline and crude oil medium, accompanying-heat cable and crude oil medium and oil pipeline and accompanying-heat cable terminal it
Between contact surface simplify.
Feature level simplifies：Delete some for parts static and dynamic performance influence very little features, carry out oil pipeline with
Simplification of the part such as connecting piece etc. between accompanying-heat cable terminal, power supply and accompanying-heat cable and oil pipeline.
Part level simplifies：Delete the fasteners such as screw between all parts, nut, gasket, spring washer, sealing ring.
Contact surface simplifies between oil pipeline and crude oil medium, accompanying-heat cable and crude oil medium：Flexible connection is handled.
Contact surface simplifies between oil pipeline and accompanying-heat cable terminal：Rigid connection is handled.
Further, the method for improving computational accuracy, improves mesh generation efficiency：Mould is reduced using isotropism
The number of grid of type, improves mesh generation efficiency, expires radial direction oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Sufficient isotropism principle, takes out the arbitrary volume unit of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable, to institute
State arbitrary volume unit and carry out mesh generation；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, local to the arbitrary volume unit
Refinement.
Specifically he, in order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention be better achieved, provides and improves skin-effect electric heating petroleum pipeline
The processing method of road mesh generation precision, to improve computational accuracy.
The first step, model meshes quantity is determined according to oil pipeline finite element analysis precision and calculating time restriction.
, should be by generation number of nodes control within 200000 in order to improve the efficiency of calculating.Add to can be clearly seen that
Thermal effect, electric field strength, current density, heat flux distribution, voltage's distribiuting and joule heat distribution, to oil pipeline, crude oil medium and
The section of accompanying-heat cable is handled using Local grid precision, increases the density of grid, improves the precision of FEM calculation accordingly,
Easy to analyze the leakage pressure analysis of the tube wall of the electric tracing effect of kelvin effect and oil pipeline；In oil pipeline axial direction, use
Sparse grid processing, to improve the computational efficiency of whole finite element analysis, shortens and calculates the time, improves overall calculation efficiency；
Finite element model 1943 grids of generation after division, 16143 nodes.
Second step, the number of grid of model is reduced with the isotropism of device architecture.The assumption of isotropy thinks material
Mechanical property it is unrelated with its position in component, it is believed that when studying a question, take out any one small portion of object
Divide and carry out finite element analysis, analysis result can be applied to whole object.Imitated in view of the built-in petroleum pipeline trace gather skin in scene
The length of electric tracing oil pipeline is answered to be up to tens kilometers, electric current is identical in accompanying-heat cable, radial passage, oil, cable
Meet isotropism principle, can be taken off arbitrary volume unit and studied.Therefore CPU can be greatly reduced with the isotropism of structure
The required object unit of analysis, substantially reduce the calculating time and then improve computational efficiency.It should be noted that when applying boundary condition,
The current potential that node voltage on different Analysis Blocks must is fulfilled for declines constraint, constraints is had continuity.
3rd step, providing density has the grid setting rule of order, the method that the object of selective analysis uses local refinement.
Temperature and the larger oil pipeline of Current density data variable gradient and accompanying-heat cable section, in order to preferably reflect data variation
Rule is, it is necessary to using the grid than comparatively dense.And the less axial direction of data variation gradient is being calculated, calculated to reduce model
Capacity, then should divide relatively sparse grid.Using the different mesh generation of density, suitable computational accuracy can be both kept,
Computational efficiency can be improved by reducing number of grid again.
The section of oil pipeline, crude oil medium and accompanying-heat cable is handled using Local grid precision in the present invention, is increased
The density of screening lattice, improves the precision of FEM calculation accordingly, easy to analyze the electric tracing effect of kelvin effect and tube wall leakage pressure
Analysis；In oil pipeline axial direction, handled using sparse grid, to improve the computational efficiency of whole finite element analysis, contracting
The short calculating time, improve overall calculation efficiency.
Further, the heat flux distribution of the accompanying-heat cable, including：The axial direction of the accompanying-heat cable and heat tracing electricity
The radial temperature of cable；Using the basic exercise equation of Fourier law and the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, three stability maintenances are obtained
The mixed boundary value equation in state temperature field, utilizes accompanying-heat cable described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field
Axial direction and the accompanying-heat cable radial temperature.
Specifically he, in order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention be better achieved, The present invention gives it is specific he, in order to make ability
The concrete mode of the present invention is better achieved in domain personnel.
Description accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect problem basic exercise equation be：
Q=α (T-Tf) (1)
In formula,For thermal diffusivity；T is accompanying-heat cable boundary surface temperature value；Q is heat flow density vector,
It can represent as follows：
In formula, λ is the thermal conductivity factor of crude oil medium；λx,λy,λzFor x, y, the thermal conductivity factor on z directions.
According to Fourier law, third boundary condition can be write as
In formula, TfFor the temperature funtion changed with season and oil pipeline position.
The problems of mixed boundary in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field being made of formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) is：
The axial direction of accompanying-heat cable, radial temperature can be tried to achieve by formula (4).The differential equation of heat conduction is determined according to Fourier
The relational expression that the temperature for the description object that rule and law of conservation of energy are set up changes with room and time, leads to solve
Hot differential equation, need to give the initial value of the boundary condition of the utilizing object conducting heat differential equation, i.e. environment temperature.
Further, the outer wall to the accompanying-heat cable, the oil pipeline, the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline
Outer wall contact point, and input firewire and the oil pipeline contact point local refinement analysis.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, when 50Hz electric currents are through accompanying-heat cable exemplified by illustrate, companion
There is heat tracing pipe on the outside of electric heating cable, under the action of kelvin effect and kindred effect, electric current is not uniformly to be flowed along tube wall, and
It is to concentrate on pipeline endosexine by under the action of tube wall resistance, by current heating, making oil pipeline temperature liter through conduction
Height, and heat tracing tube outer surface voltage, electric current zero, itself forms insulation system, crude oil medium is can obtain in oil pipeline
Safely and reliably convey.Oil pipeline kelvin effect analysis rule mainly has：Accompanying-heat cable selective analysis；Oil pipeline inside and outside wall
Selective analysis；Accompanying-heat cable and oil pipeline contact point selective analysis；Power supply and accompanying-heat cable contact point selective analysis.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, in the companion that environment temperature value is 17 degree, accompanying-heat cable flows through
Thermocurrent is 45A, and in the case of heating time 2s, the spy of built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline temperature
Put and be：Pipeline outer wall temperature is 17.564 DEG C, and inner wall temperature is close to 20 DEG C, and crude oil temperature is up to 22.044 DEG C；With heat tracing electric current
The growth of action time, above-mentioned temperature can be further up, and the temperature of oil pipeline inner wall is higher than outer wall.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, to built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline
The characteristics of electric field strength, illustrates.Environment temperature value be 17 degree, the heat tracing voltage of accompanying-heat cable be taken as the situation of 220V
Under, due to the kelvin effect of accompanying-heat cable, cable top layer electric field strength is 0.028387V/m；Oil pipeline inner wall electric field strength
For 0.003175V/m, outer wall electric field strength is low to can ignore.Although oil pipeline tube wall is used as zero curve and accompanying-heat cable
The upper firewire added forms loop heating, but since kelvin effect acts on, the pressure drop that oil pipeline outer wall falls can almost be ignored, because
This is safe to human body.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, to built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline
The characteristics of current density, illustrates, environment temperature value be 17 degree, the heat tracing voltage of accompanying-heat cable be taken as the situation of 220V
Under, due to the kelvin effect of accompanying-heat cable, cable meter Lyer current density is 1.6698 × 105A/m2；Oil pipeline wall currents are close
Spend for 1.8668 × 104A/m2, outer wall current density is 128.54A/m2, it is seen that since kelvin effect acts on, oil pipeline outer wall
The current density fallen is more much smaller than the current density of accompanying-heat cable.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, to built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline
The characteristics of voltage's distribiuting, illustrates, in the case where environment temperature value is 17 degree, heat tracing voltage is taken as 220V, built-in type tube
The characteristics of road skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline voltage's distribiuting is：Due to the kelvin effect of accompanying-heat cable, cable top layer voltage
It is distributed as 0.00035387V；Oil pipeline outer wall voltage's distribiuting is low to that can ignore, far below the 36V safe voltages to human body.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, to built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline
The characteristics of heat flux distribution, illustrates, in the case where environment temperature value is 17 degree, heat tracing voltage is taken as 220V, built-in type tube
The characteristics of road skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline heat flux distribution is：Due to the kelvin effect of accompanying-heat cable, oil pipeline inner wall
For 15269W/m2, outer wall heat flux distribution is low to can ignore.It is described herein as, since kelvin effect acts on, oil pipeline
Heat flux distribution focuses primarily upon inner wall, this is favourable to the heating crude oil conveyed.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the present invention, to built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline
The characteristics of joule heat distribution, illustrates, built-in in the case where environment temperature value is 17 degree, heat tracing voltage is taken as 220V
The characteristics of pipeline skin-effect electric heating oil pipeline joule heat distribution is：Due to the kelvin effect of accompanying-heat cable, oil pipeline,
Outer wall joule heat distribution is low, and to that can ignore, the joule heat distribution of accompanying-heat cable is up to 1858.6W/m2, shows due to collecting skin
Effect acts on, and accompanying-heat cable surface is mainly concentrated in the joule heat distribution of oil pipeline.
Step 106 is analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, utilizes the current density, the heat
Flow distribution, and the section current density and the section heat flow density, with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and electricity
Current density is checked, and draws analytical conclusions.
In step 106, specifically, to the temperature field of oil pipeline, electric field strength, current density, heat flux distribution,
Voltage's distribiuting and joule heat distribution are analyzed, and under current engineering and experiment condition environment, heat is mainly by built-in heat tracing electricity
Cable and inner-walls of duct produce, heat using accompanying-heat cable as axle center to pipeline normal direction be in radiation profiles, through cable insulation extremely
Crude oil medium.Although heat tracing electric current flows through oil pipeline, the heat produced is mainly in inner wall, and pipeline itself pressure drop is very low.
Built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating controlling methodology of oil pipeline temperature field is using cable as axle center normal direction transmission, until inner-walls of duct；
Current density peak only occurs in pipeline side end face, and other current densities are very low, can meet security requirement.
In step 101~step 106, based on SolidWorks modelings and Ansys Workbench finite element fraction phase separations
With reference to built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating Finite Element Method, it is only necessary to actual oil pipeline is carried out three-dimensional
Modeling and environmental simulation and finite element analysis based on Ansys Workbench, therefore this analysis method can complete reality
The field experiment irrealizable parameter measurement of institute and fail-safe analysis, especially to actual oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating
Because of the on-the-spot test and verification that are difficult in view of security in transformation process, the technology of the present invention has very real superior
Property.Result of field running proves that the method for the present invention is simulating the intuitive and standard of built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating
In true property there is high field application to be worth.
The method of the present invention carries out three-dimensional modeling and limited for built-in skin-effect electric heating under complicated oil transportation environment
Meta analysis, there is provided the important channel of a kind of oil pipeline heat tracing fail-safe analysis and analog simulation, to realizing kelvin effect electricity
Operating status of the heat tracing technology under complicated oil transportation environment, which is simulated, ensured the safe and stable operation of pipeline and solve collection skin at present, imitates
Answer electric tracing engineering reliability analyze in accuracy, practical sex chromosome mosaicism, there is extremely far-reaching practical significance.
Meanwhile the present invention can realize the heating of the built-in skin-effect electric heating technology under complex environment temperature change
Effect, electric field strength, current density, heat flux distribution, voltage's distribiuting and joule heat distribution, can be to direct puncture formula kelvin effect electricity companion
Selection of the thermal technology for different tube diameters, different pipeline medium, different accompanying-heat cables, which has, to be instructed and reference significance, can be with
Heating effect state electrically heat tracing to direct puncture formula cable is predicted, and judges the short trouble being likely to occur.This invention addresses collection
Skin effect electric tracing technology is difficult to the problem of on-the-spot test under complicated work on the spot environment, improve using this technology into
The efficiency of row THE RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF OIL PIPELING TRANSPORTATION, compensate for the deficiency of experiment and on-the-spot test.This is to improving built-in kelvin effect
The security of electric tracing pipeline, improves the service life of accompanying-heat cable, and it is extremely real to ensure that its efficient, safe and stable operation has
Engineering value and application prospect.
Fig. 2 is the model schematic of the oil pipeline of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, the model of oil pipeline, bag
Include：Oil pipeline 201, accompanying-heat cable 202 pass through oil pipeline 201, and the outside of accompanying-heat cable 202 has heat tracing pipe 203, heat tracing electricity
There is accompanying-heat cable insulating layer between cable 202 and heat tracing pipe 203, there is crude oil medium between oil pipeline 201 and heat tracing pipe 203
204。
Fig. 3 is the oil pipeline input current figure of the built-in pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 3
Map of current shown, that input current of the 50Hz electric currents through accompanying-heat cable changes over time, transverse axis are time/second, the longitudinal axis for electric current/
Peace.
Fig. 4 is a kind of frame of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in figure 4, the simulator 4 of built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating is stored with a plurality of instruction, described instruction is fitted
In being loaded and performed by processor 41：
The model of oil pipeline is established, is located at described full of the crude oil medium flowed, accompanying-heat cable in the oil pipeline
On oil pipeline central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；Establish the oil transportation
The accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of pipeline and the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline；Establish defeated
The wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil-piping；Spectrum impulse function is separated into institute using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
The input hot voltage of accompanying-heat cable is stated simulate；The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；
Using the data-interface model, to the current density and heat of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Flow distribution is analyzed；Improve computational accuracy, to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable into
Row section current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；Analyzed, utilized according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution
The current density, the heat flux distribution, and the section current density and the section heat flow density, with experiment condition ring
Heat flow density under border is checked with current density, draws analytical conclusions, and specific detailed description is identical with Fig. 1.
Further, processor 41, including first processing units 401 and second processing unit 402, first processing are single
Member 401 is connected with the second processing unit 402 by the data-interface model.
Further, first processing units 401, for the mould established the model of oil pipeline, establish the oil pipeline
The accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of type and the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline, and establish petroleum pipeline
The wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model in road；
Further, second processing unit 402, spectrum impulse function is separated into the heat tracing by the fundamental wave of fixed cycle
The input hot voltage of cable simulate, for carrying out heat flow density and the current density simulation point of the oil pipeline
Analysis, and the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable carry out section current density and section heat
Flow distribution is analyzed；
Further, using first processing units 401, duct wall wiring connecting piece model to the oil pipeline and
The wire connection terminal model carries out Simplified analysis, including：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input fire
Connecting piece between line and the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline simplifies, and deleting some static and dynamic performances influences very little
Feature, and it is connection zero to delete between the petroleum pipeline, the input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire
Part；Contact surface carries out soft between the oil pipeline and the crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium
Property connection processing；Contact surface carries out rigid connection processing between the terminal of the oil pipeline and the accompanying-heat cable.
Further, computational accuracy and mesh generation efficiency also are improved using first processing units 401：Using each to same
Property reduce the number of grid of model, improve mesh generation efficiency, make the radially oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and described
Accompanying-heat cable meets isotropism principle, takes out any body of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable
Product unit, mesh generation is carried out to the arbitrary volume unit；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, to any body
Product unit local refinement.
Further, second processing unit 402, including the radial temperature of the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable and accompanying-heat cable calculate
Unit：Using the basic exercise equation of Fourier law and the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, three-dimensional steady state temperature field is obtained
Mixed boundary value equation, using the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field and
The radial temperature of the accompanying-heat cable.
Further, second processing unit 402, including：The accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, the outer wall of the oil pipeline
The outer wall contact point analytic unit of analytic unit, the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline, and input firewire and described defeated
The contact point analysis analytic unit of oil-piping；The accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, for the current density to the accompanying-heat cable
Local refinement analysis is carried out with heat flux distribution；The outer wall analytic unit of the oil pipeline, the outer wall for the oil pipeline
Current density and heat flux distribution carry out local refinement analysis；The accompanying-heat cable contacts point analysis with the outer wall of the oil pipeline
Unit, outer wall contact point current density and heat flux distribution for the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline carry out local refinement
Analysis；The contact point analytic unit of firewire and the oil pipeline is inputted, for inputting contact of the firewire with the oil pipeline
Point current density and heat flux distribution carry out local refinement analysis.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that above-mentioned each unit of the invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and formed
Network on, alternatively, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to which they are stored
Performed in the storage device by computing device, either they are fabricated to respectively each integrated circuit unit or by they
In multiple units or step be fabricated to single integrated circuit unit to realize.In this way, the present invention be not restricted to it is any specific
Hardware and software combines.
Embodiment described above only expresses embodiments of the present invention, its description is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is interpreted as the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some deformations, equal replacement can also be made, improved etc., these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, it is characterised in that including：The model of oil pipeline is established, the crude oil medium of flowing is full of in the oil pipeline, accompanying-heat cable is located at the oil transportation On central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；Establish the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the duct wall wiring of the oil pipeline Connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；Simulating for input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle； The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；Using the data-interface model, to the current density of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable Analyzed with heat flux distribution；Computational accuracy is improved, section electric current is carried out to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable Density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；Analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, using the current density, the heat flux distribution, and The section current density and the section heat flow density, school is carried out with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and current density Core, draws analytical conclusions.
- 2. a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 1, its feature It is：Duct wall wiring connecting piece model and the wire connection terminal model to the oil pipeline carry out Simplified analysis, bag Include：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input firewire and the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline Between connecting piece simplify, and delete the petroleum pipeline, input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire Between be union piece；Between the oil pipeline and the crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium Contact surface carries out flexible connection processing；Contact surface is rigidly connected between the terminal of the oil pipeline and the accompanying-heat cable Processing.
- 3. a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 1, its feature It is：The method for improving computational accuracy, improves mesh generation efficiency：The number of grid of model is reduced using isotropism, Mesh generation efficiency is improved, radial direction oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable is met isotropism original Then, the arbitrary volume unit of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable is taken out, to the arbitrary volume list Member carries out mesh generation；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, to the arbitrary volume unit local refinement.
- 4. a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 1, its feature It is：The heat flux distribution of the accompanying-heat cable, including：The radial temperature of the axial direction of the accompanying-heat cable and the accompanying-heat cable； Using the basic exercise equation of Fourier law and the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, the mixing in three-dimensional steady state temperature field is obtained Boundary values equation, utilizes the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable and the companion described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field The radial temperature of electric heating cable.
- 5. a kind of analogy method for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 3, its feature It is：The outer wall contact point of outer wall, the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline to the accompanying-heat cable, the oil pipeline, And the analysis of the contact point local refinement of input firewire and the oil pipeline.
- 6. a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating, it is characterised in that described built-in defeated The simulator of oil-piping skin-effect electric heating is stored with a plurality of instruction, and described instruction is suitable for being loaded and being performed by processor：The model of oil pipeline is established, the crude oil medium of flowing is full of in the oil pipeline, accompanying-heat cable is located at the oil transportation On central axis or the part of the accompanying-heat cable is contacted with the tube wall of the oil pipeline；Establish the accompanying-heat cable of any terminal of the model of the oil pipeline and the duct wall wiring of the oil pipeline Connecting piece model；Establish the wire connection terminal model of the end of incoming cables zero curve of the model of oil pipeline；Simulating for input hot voltage of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into using the fundamental wave of fixed cycle； The model of the oil pipeline is connected with data-interface model foundation；Using the data-interface model, to the current density of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable Analyzed with heat flux distribution；Computational accuracy is improved, section electric current is carried out to the section of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable Density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；Analyzed according to the heat flux distribution and the section heat flux distribution, using the current density, the heat flux distribution, and The section current density and the section heat flow density, school is carried out with the heat flow density under experiment condition environment and current density Core, draws analytical conclusions.
- 7. a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 6, its feature It is, including：First processing units and second processing unit, the first processing units and the second processing unit pass through the data Interface model connects；The first processing units, for establish the model of oil pipeline, establish the oil pipeline model any terminal The accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline duct wall wiring connecting piece model, and establish oil pipeline model into The wire connection terminal model of line end zero curve；The second processing unit, input fire of the spectrum impulse function to the accompanying-heat cable is separated into by the fundamental wave of fixed cycle Line voltage simulate, for carrying out heat flow density and the current density sunykatuib analysis of the oil pipeline, and it is described defeated The section of oil-piping, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable carries out section current density and the analysis of section heat flux distribution；Using the first processing units, to the duct wall wiring connecting piece model of the oil pipeline and the wire connection terminal Model carries out Simplified analysis, including：Carry out the oil pipeline and state accompanying-heat cable, and the input firewire and the heat tracing Connecting piece between cable and the oil pipeline simplifies, and deleting some static and dynamic performances influences the feature of very little, and deletes It is union piece between the petroleum pipeline, the input firewire, the accompanying-heat cable and the input firewire；The petroleum pipeline Contact surface carries out flexible connection processing between road and the crude oil medium, and the accompanying-heat cable and the crude oil medium；Institute Contact surface carries out rigid connection processing between stating the terminal of oil pipeline and the accompanying-heat cable.
- 8. a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 7, its feature It is, including：Using the first processing units, computational accuracy and mesh generation efficiency are improved：Model is reduced using isotropism Number of grid, improves mesh generation efficiency, meets the radial direction oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable each To same sex principle, the arbitrary volume unit of the oil pipeline, the crude oil medium and the accompanying-heat cable is taken out, to described Elementary volume, volume element of anticipating carries out mesh generation；Setting density has the grid setting rule of order, to the arbitrary volume unit local refinement.
- 9. a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 7, its feature It is：The second processing unit, including the radial temperature computing unit of the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable and accompanying-heat cable：Utilize Fu In leaf law and the basic exercise equation of the accompanying-heat cable kelvin effect, obtain the mixed boundary value side in three-dimensional steady state temperature field Journey, utilizes the axial direction of accompanying-heat cable and the accompanying-heat cable described in the mixed boundary value equation solution in the three-dimensional steady state temperature field Radial temperature.
- 10. a kind of simulator for built-in oil pipeline skin-effect electric heating according to claim 8, its feature It is：The second processing unit, including it is the outer wall analytic unit of the accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, the oil pipeline, described The outer wall contact point analytic unit of accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline, and the contact point of input firewire and the oil pipeline Analyze analytic unit；The accompanying-heat cable analytic unit, local refinement point is carried out for the current density to the accompanying-heat cable and heat flux distribution Analysis；The outer wall analytic unit of the oil pipeline, outer wall current density and heat flux distribution the carry out office for the oil pipeline Portion's refinement analysis；The outer wall contact point analytic unit of the accompanying-heat cable and the oil pipeline, for the accompanying-heat cable and the oil transportation The outer wall contact point current density and heat flux distribution of pipeline carry out local refinement analysis；The contact point analytic unit of firewire and the oil pipeline is inputted, for inputting the contact point of firewire and the oil pipeline Current density and heat flux distribution carry out local refinement analysis.
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