CN107942043A - The grade assignment of stable breeding woods musk deer fecal character and its application in disease of digestive tract is detected - Google Patents
The grade assignment of stable breeding woods musk deer fecal character and its application in disease of digestive tract is detected Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Grade assignment the invention discloses stable breeding woods musk deer fecal character and its application in disease of digestive tract is detected.The present invention provides a kind of kit for detecting woods musk deer and whether suffering from disease of digestive tract, including material needed for excrement SHAPE DETECTION, material needed for stool colour detection and material needed for the detection of excrement gas；Material needed for the stool colour detection compares card for color；It is paint film color standard scale that the color, which compares card,；Material needed for material needed for the excrement SHAPE DETECTION and excrement gas detection is to collect container needed for excrement；The kit further includes the carrier of the shape scoring criteria of record, color scoring criteria, smell scoring criteria, woods musk deer excrement sample score calculation formula and criterion；This research carries out classification assignment research for the form of woods musk deer excrement, smell, color, inquires into the method for quickly judging woods musk deer alimentary canal health status by excrement, and the standard of primary diagnosis is provided for woods musk deer health control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, more particularly to a kind of grade assignment of stable breeding woods musk deer fecal character and its examining
Survey the application in disease of digestive tract.
Background technology
Woods musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) raising breeding is to alleviate wild musk deer resource pressure, solves traditional Chinese medicine Moschus
The important channel of raw materials requirement, and implement introduce again introduces a collection basis (Sheng＆Liu, 2007；He,2014；Yang et
al.,2003；Shrestha,1998；Wang Song etc., 2004).Chinese woods musk deer raising starts from 1958, but locks into disease height for a long time
Send out and cause the death rate it is higher (Wang Jianlong, 1990；Cheng Shiguo, 1984；Wu Minyao etc., 2011；Meng et al., 2006).Together
When, China woods musk deer raising at present is still in the dispersion raising stage based on family, little company, and woods musk deer has alert, courage in addition
Timid biological characteristics, be generally not easy to find after diseased (Meng et al., 2006；Sheng& Liu,2007；Jiang Hairui etc.,
2007), it is unfavorable for the discovery and early stage diagnosis and treatment (Li Linhai etc., 2012) of woods musk deer disease.
Therefore, the diagnostic criteria of woods musk deer health monitoring is explored, seeks the approach and method of disease early diagnosis, undoubtedly
The science of disease clinical diagnosis and the current woods musk deer animal husbandry of lifting to musk deer manages and protects level and has great importance.
It is reported that disease of digestive tract (enterogastritis, diarrhea etc.) is one of the principal disease for causing raising woods musk deer death (sieve
Madder, 2014；He Chi is dead drunk etc., 2011) the woods musk deer kinds of Diseases of current urgently prevention and control, are belonged to.Excrement is food in enteral digestion, suction
The final product of receipts.The character of excrement, composition can reflect stomach and intestine, pancreas, the digestion of liver and gall and the work(of absorption indirectly
Can situation so that individual health status (Zhang Yuankai, 1990；Tang Zhaoxin, 2002；Zhang Jianyue, 2003).On digestive system disease
Disease research focus primarily upon intestinal flora (clear justice of horse etc., 2009；Ma Ping Cun etc., 2015；Hilbert et al.,2017；
Tanca et al., 2016), fecal occult blood detection (Yang Ming etc., 2003；Wonget al.,2003；Sharma et al.,
2003), parasitic infection (Cai Juan etc., 2009；Alva et al.,2017；Venjakob et al.,2017；Mederos et
Al., 2014) etc., it is related to the research of fecal character and few, especially in wild animal.And fecal character is special so far
Sign be mainly used for the mankind (Duan Caiping, 2014；Li Yongru etc., 2010) and domestic animal (Teng Lebang, 2010；Wang Guang is held, and 2014；
Minamida et al., 2015) tentative diagnosis of disease of digestive tract, is qualitatively to judge, lacks the quantization mark of classification assignment
Standard, meanwhile, there is not yet the report applied to wild animal.
The content of the invention
A purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of kit for detecting woods musk deer and whether suffering from disease of digestive tract.
Kit provided by the invention, including material and excrement needed for the detection of material needed for excrement SHAPE DETECTION, stool colour
Just material needed for odor detection.
In mentioned reagent box, material needed for the stool colour detection compares card for color.
In mentioned reagent box, it is paint film color standard scale that the color, which compares card,.
In mentioned reagent box, material needed for material needed for the excrement SHAPE DETECTION and excrement gas detection is to collect
Container needed for excrement.
Mentioned reagent box further includes the shape scoring criteria of record, color scoring criteria, smell scoring criteria, woods musk deer excrement sample
The carrier of score calculation formula and criterion：
The shape scoring criteria is following 1) -4)：
1) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is graininess excrement, and excrement ball is oval, and glossy, then is assigned a value of 100；
2) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is partial particulate shape excrement adhesion, and gloss disappears, then is assigned a value of 75；
3) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is shapeless for excrement, and liquid dung is then assigned a value of 50 without segregation phenomenon；
4) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is excrement water sample or scattered paste shape, and liquid dung separates, then is assigned a value of 25；
The color scoring criteria is following 5) -8)：
5) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is green black colour or green, 100 are assigned a value of；
6) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is yellowish-brown, 75 are assigned a value of；
7) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is dark brown, 50 are assigned a value of；
8) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is canescence, 25 are assigned a value of；
The smell scoring criteria is following 9) -12)：
9) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is normal smell, 100 are assigned a value of；
10) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is smelly for acid, 75 are assigned a value of；
11) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is smelly for corruption, 50 are assigned a value of；
12) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is stench, 25 are assigned a value of；
The woods musk deer excrement sample score calculation formula is the sum of the shape assignment, the color assignment and described smell assignment
Divided by 3；
If the criterion is that the woods musk deer excrement sample score is not 91.67-100, which suffers from or candidate suffers from and disappears
Change tract disease, if woods musk deer excrement sample is scored between 91.67-100, which does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
Application of the mentioned reagent box in preparing detection or aiding in detection woods musk deer whether to suffer from the product of disease of digestive tract
It is the scope of protection of the invention.
Above application is as follows：
The excrement sample of woods musk deer to be measured is first collected, then detects the shape, color, smell of the excrement sample, according to following shape assignment mark
Accurate, color scoring criteria and shape, color and smell assignment that smell scoring criteria is the woods musk deer excrement sample, obtain shape assignment,
Color assignment and smell assignment；Again by the sum of the shape assignment, the color assignment and described smell assignment divided by 3, obtain
The excrement sample score of the woods musk deer；If the woods musk deer excrement sample score is not 91.67-100, which suffers from or candidate suffers from alimentary canal disease
Disease, if woods musk deer excrement sample is scored between 91.67-100, which does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
The experiment proves that this research carries out classification assignment research for the form of woods musk deer excrement, smell, color,
The method that woods musk deer alimentary canal health status is quickly judged by excrement is inquired into, the mark of primary diagnosis is provided for woods musk deer health control
It is accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cluster of pilot forest musk deer excrement sample comprehensive score.
Fig. 2 is the comparison of the male and female woods musk deer stools scored in each group.
Fig. 3 is that the water content of woods musk deer excrement sample each group compares.
Fig. 4 is that the acid-base value of woods musk deer excrement sample each group compares.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiment, the embodiment provided is only for explaining
The bright present invention, the scope being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples, is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Data processing handles and analyzes data using Excel 2007 and SPSS 20.0 in following embodiments, uses
Sigmaplot 12.5 draws, and data are expressed as Mean ± SE.The data analyzed examine (one- by single sample K-S
Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) normal distribution-test is carried out, the data for not meeting normal distribution use non-ginseng
Number U examines (Mann-Whitney U test).Two comparison among groupss examine (independent-samples using independent sample T
T test), data are examined using one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) between organizing interior and group, and the uses of two kinds of inspections are equal
Homogeneity test of variance is carried out.The level of signifiance of all of above inspection sets α=0.05.
Embodiment 1, the method for the grade assignment of fecal character detection disease of digestive tract is established and application
First, whether experimental animal and traditional detection suffer from disease of digestive tract
Test site is located at that Shaanxi Province Feng County Pien Tze Huang supports musk deer and Da Jikang supports musk deer, randomly selects the 3 of two musk deers
The adult wood musk deer totally 78 (♀ 29, ♂ 49) of~7 years old.During daily raising, musk deer animal doctor would generally record each woods day by day
The health status of musk deer individual.The sampling period of this research, records animal doctor to testing the judgement of individual health situation as a result, thick one by one
Slightly it is classified as disease of digestive tract and non-digestive tract disease group (comprising healthy individuals and suffering from Other diseases individual), in this, as experiment
The medical history record of woods musk deer.
2nd, the grade assignment detection woods musk deer of fecal character whether establish by the method with disease of digestive tract
1st, excrement sample gathers
In July, 2016 between August, successively in the continuous 7 days fresh excretas for gathering 78 woods musk deers every one by one of two musk deers
Sample.Sampling time is every morning 6：00-8：00 (Beijing time), takes the fresh excrement particles without pollution about 50, and
Marker samples numbering, date, 518 parts of excrement sample is gathered altogether.
2nd, the measure of excrement sample
1), the character observation of excrement sample
Excrement sample collection after when 2 is small within complete observation, record the features such as the shape, color, smell of every part of excrement sample in detail.
Compared on color and use paint film color standard scale (GSB05-1426-2001).
Through observation, woods musk deer excrement sample has differences in three form, color and smell characters.Woods musk deer normal fecal stools generally in
Long ellipse grains shape, appearance is bright smooth, is often light green color or dirty-green, and landing does not also change shape；Ill excrement not into
Together, there are scattered paste shape or watery stools in severe patient, or excrement is not separated into particle, liquid dung, but excrement ball for grain or particle adhesion
Small and hard, surface attachment has white or pale red mucus, with the smelly or corrupt smell of acid, or even stench, color in dark brown or
Grey black.
For ease of comparison and analysis, excrement sample character gives cognizable 4 grades and by hundred-mark system assignment.Wherein, shape
Shape can be by intensity of anomaly divided rank simultaneously by depth divided rank, smell by shaping and adhesion state demarcation grade, color
Standards of grading are made, are specifically shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is the assignment of the character grade classification of woods musk deer excrement sample
Excrement sample score=(shape assignment+color assignment+smell assignment)/3；
Disease of digestive tract is determined whether according to excrement sample score, if 3 characters are 100 points, for non-digestive tract disease
Group best result, and if have in 3 characters 1 score value be 75 points, for minimum point of non-digestive tract disease group, judge non-digestive tract disease
The score range of disease group is scheduled on 91.67-100.
If the woods musk deer excrement sample score is not 91.67-100, which suffers from or candidate suffers from disease of digestive tract, if the woods
Musk deer excrement sample is scored at 91.67-100, then the woods musk deer does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
The statistics score of every part of excrement sample on shape, color and smell in 518 parts of the excrement sample of 78 woods musk deers, by etc.
Weight average obtains the score of every part of excrement sample, i.e., score=(shape assignment+color assignment+smell assignment)/3 of every part excrement sample.Often
There are 5~7 parts of excrement samples obtained by woods musk deer, which is expressed as using average.
Using the Hierarchical Clustering (hierachical clustering method) in clustering method to all individuals
Stools scored analyzed.As can be seen that all individual stools scoreds are divided into 2 obvious clusters, and the group clustered
Interior in small distance, group distance is larger (Fig. 1).The fecal character for comparing cluster result and each group draws, excrement sample is normal and score
Higher excrement sample is included into group 1, remaining the character exception and relatively low excrement sample of score is included into group 2.Independent sample T inspection results are shown
Show, 1 (455 parts of fecal sample averages be 99.01 ± 1.64) of group with organize 2 (63 parts of fecal sample averages are 79.08 ±
9.78) there is pole significant difference (F=279.955, P between stools scored<0.001；Table 3).But male and female individual in two groups
Stools scored difference not significantly (P>0.05) (Fig. 2).
455 parts of fecal sample averages of group 1 are 99.01 ± 1.64, it corresponds to 69 woods musk deer individuals, 69 woods musk deers
Body faecal scores are shown in Table 2, its score value judges that 69 woods musk deer individuals do not suffer from or candidate does not suffer between 91.67-100
Disease of digestive tract；
63 parts of fecal sample averages of group 2 are 79.08 ± 9.78, it corresponds to 9 woods musk deer individuals, 9 woods musk deer individuals
2) faecal scores are shown in Table, its score value judges that the woods musk deer suffers from or candidate suffers from disease of digestive tract not between 91.67-100.
All experiment individual informations of table 2 and faecal scores
Note：N represents this group of number of individuals, and X represents the average value of this group of fecal character score.
Case history according to musk deer animal doctor's record is as a result, the situation of 78 sampling woods musk deers belongs to non-for 68 (belonging to group 1) and disappears
Change tract disease group, 10 (0 wherein 9 is pertaining only to group 2, and 1) one, which is pertaining only to group, belongs to disease of digestive tract group, account for 87.18% He respectively
12.82%, and the group 1 of excrement assignment cluster is 69, group 2 is 9, accounts for 88.46% and 11.54% respectively.Both compare can
Know (table 3), the grade assignment detection method of fecal character and the alimentary canal health status diagnosis result of animal doctor are almost corresponding, two kinds
As a result degree of overlapping is up to 98.55%, so the grade assignment detection method of fecal character can be effectively by woods musk deer alimentary canal
Disease is distinguished with other diseases.
The comparison of 3. woods musk deer fecal character grade assignment of table and Disease Diagnosis of Veterinary result
Note：N represents this group of number of individuals, and X represents the average value of this group of fecal character score；The individual of degree of overlapping=common
The highest number of individuals of the number/group.
2), the research of excrement sample moisture content
Muck (M) sample of 1g or so Cai get is taken to be placed in baking oven, 60 DEG C drying to constant weight, claims dry weight (m), is calculated by formula
Excrement water content：WC (%)=(M-m)/M × 100%.
78 woods musk deer excrement sample measurement of water-content coefficient show (Fig. 3), it is above-mentioned 1) in group 1, its 69 individual 455 part excrement samples contain
Water rate average out to 46.93 ± 4.99%；It is above-mentioned 1) in group 2, its 9 individual 63 part excrement sample moisture content average out to 62.64 ±
8.52%；Therebetween there are pole significant difference (P<0.001).But there are no significant for the dejecta moisture of male and female individual in each group
Difference (P>0.05).
Although the measurement result of woods musk deer dejecta moisture is consistent with the result that character is grouped, however, it is necessary to explanation, this
The woods musk deer of experiment gives normal water supply, if whether the different woods musk deers supplied water occur that the difference of dejecta moisture is unclear,
Meanwhile it is relatively complicated to measure dejecta moisture.It is therefore contemplated that the parameter that dejecta moisture is established not as the method for the present invention, with
Exempt to cause to judge by accident.
3) research of excrement sample pH value
2~3 (about 0.1g) fresh excreta particles are taken, is ground into powder after being dissolved in 1ml distilled water and takes upper strata
Outstanding clear liquid, is measured with the accurate test paper of pH 4.5-9, is then compareed colorimetric card and is read acid-base value.Every part of equal duplicate measurements of excrement sample
Three times, it is averaged.
Excrement pH measurement results show that raising woods musk deer stool pH is between 7.4813 ± 0.1839, in alkalescent.
One-way analysis of variance is examined and drawn, significant difference (F=1.052, P=0.354 are not present between the pH value of two groups of excrement samples
>0.05；Fig. 4).
Should the result shows that, woods musk deer stool pH cannot function as evaluation stable breeding woods musk deer alimentary canal health status identification of indicator.
In conclusion score can be calculated by the assignment of the form of excrement, color and smell, the affiliated woods musk deer of excrement is judged
Whether disease of digestive tract is suffered from, specific detection method is as follows：
Woods musk deer excrement sample is collected, detects the shape, color, smell of excrement sample, shape judges that color passes through paint film face by naked eyes
Colour standard scale is compared and drawn, according to the excrement sample shape assignment, the color assignment that are assigned a value of the woods musk deer of the character grade classification of table 1
With smell assignment, by the sum of shape assignment, color assignment and smell assignment divided by 3, the excrement sample score of the woods musk deer is obtained, if the woods
The score of musk deer excrement sample is not between 91.67-100, then the woods musk deer suffers from or candidate suffers from disease of digestive tract, if the woods musk deer excrement sample
Score is between 91.67-100, then the woods musk deer does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
Above-mentioned woods musk deer excrement sample can be 1 part or more parts, if more parts, then it is averaged.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of kit for detecting woods musk deer and whether suffering from disease of digestive tract, including material, excrement face needed for excrement SHAPE DETECTION
Material needed for material needed for color detection and Fecal odor detection.
2. kit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Material needed for the stool colour detection compares for color
Card.
3. kit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is paint film color standard scale that the color, which compares card,.
4. according to any kit in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Material needed for the excrement SHAPE DETECTION and
Material needed for the excrement gas detection is to collect container needed for excrement.
5. according to any kit in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The kit further includes the shape of record
Scoring criteria, color scoring criteria, smell scoring criteria, the carrier of woods musk deer excrement sample score calculation formula and criterion：
The shape scoring criteria is following 1) -4)：
1) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is graininess excrement, and excrement ball is oval, and glossy, then is assigned a value of 100；
2) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is partial particulate shape excrement adhesion, and gloss disappears, then is assigned a value of 75；
3) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is shapeless for excrement, and liquid dung is then assigned a value of 50 without segregation phenomenon；
4) if woods musk deer excrement sample shape is excrement water sample or scattered paste shape, and liquid dung separates, then is assigned a value of 25；
The color scoring criteria is following 5) -8)：
5) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is green black colour or green, 100 are assigned a value of；
6) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is yellowish-brown, 75 are assigned a value of；
7) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is dark brown, 50 are assigned a value of；
8) if woods musk deer excrement sample color is canescence, 25 are assigned a value of；
The smell scoring criteria is following 9) -12)：
9) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is normal smell, 100 are assigned a value of；
10) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is smelly for acid, 75 are assigned a value of；
11) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is smelly for corruption, 50 are assigned a value of；
12) if woods musk deer excrement sample smell is stench, 25 are assigned a value of；
The woods musk deer excrement sample score calculation formula for the sum of the shape assignment, the color assignment and described smell assignment divided by
3；
If the criterion is that the woods musk deer excrement sample score is not 91.67-100, which suffers from or candidate suffers from alimentary canal
Disease, if woods musk deer excrement sample is scored between 91.67-100, which does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
6. any kit is preparing detection or is aiding in whether detection woods musk deer suffers from disease of digestive tract in claim 1-5
Application in product.
7. application according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The application is as follows：
The excrement sample of woods musk deer to be measured is first collected, then detects the shape, color, smell of the excrement sample, according to following shape scoring criteria, face
Color scoring criteria and shape, color and smell assignment that smell scoring criteria is the woods musk deer excrement sample, obtain shape assignment, color is assigned
Value and smell assignment；Again by the sum of the shape assignment, the color assignment and described smell assignment divided by 3, the woods musk deer is obtained
Excrement sample score；If the woods musk deer excrement sample score is not 91.67-100, which suffers from or candidate suffers from disease of digestive tract, if
Woods musk deer excrement sample is scored between 91.67-100, then the woods musk deer does not suffer from or candidate does not suffer from disease of digestive tract.
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| CN110221050A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-10 | 北京林业大学 | The non-damaging diagnosis and evaluation method of stable breeding woods musk deer intestinal health situation |
| CN110221079A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-10 | 北京林业大学 | The application of excrement calprotectin and lactoferrin detection in the diagnosis of woods musk deer bowl inflammatory diseases |
| CN116681876A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-01 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Fecal state scoring device for diagnosing gastrointestinal health of animals |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110221050A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-10 | 北京林业大学 | The non-damaging diagnosis and evaluation method of stable breeding woods musk deer intestinal health situation |
| CN110221079A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-10 | 北京林业大学 | The application of excrement calprotectin and lactoferrin detection in the diagnosis of woods musk deer bowl inflammatory diseases |
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| CN116681876A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-01 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Fecal state scoring device for diagnosing gastrointestinal health of animals |
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