CN107940448B - Pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system and combustion method thereof - Google Patents
Pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system and combustion method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107940448B CN107940448B CN201711378215.7A CN201711378215A CN107940448B CN 107940448 B CN107940448 B CN 107940448B CN 201711378215 A CN201711378215 A CN 201711378215A CN 107940448 B CN107940448 B CN 107940448B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/22—Fuel feeders specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system and a combustion method thereof, belonging to the technical field of clean coal. Comprises an ignition device, a slag discharging pipe, an air distribution device, a hearth, a coal feeding pipe, a material returning pipe, a secondary air pipe, a cyclone separator, a material returning valve, a tail flue, a superheater, an economizer, an air preheater and a column crusher device in front of the furnace; the fine powder of the pulverized coal furnace is favorable for flowing uniformly and quickly burning out, and the lower bed temperature of the fluidized bed and the internal and external circulation of a large amount of materials are favorable for reducing pollutant discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of clean coal, and particularly relates to a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system and a combustion method thereof.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed coal burning technology is a mature clean coal burning technology, and is already in a large-scale commercialization stage. However, as environmental protection policies become stricter, the pollution control measures in the circulating fluidized bed boiler cannot meet the existing environmental protection standard requirements only; meanwhile, the circulating fluidized bed boiler is environment-friendly, and partial energy efficiency characteristics, such as reduction of hearth temperature, reduction of excess air coefficient and the like, are forced to be sacrificed, and the most direct expression is that the fly ash carbon content and the bottom slag carbon content of the environment-friendly circulating fluidized bed boiler are generally higher. The pulverized coal furnace has an operation history of nearly two hundred years, is recognized as a coal burning technology with highest combustion efficiency, however, in order to realize better environmental protection characteristics, an expensive SCR denitration system, a wet desulfurization and wet electric dust removal system and the like are required to be matched behind the furnace, so that the user of the pulverized coal furnace is overwhelmed. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the factors, a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed (PC-CFB) combustion method and system are urgently needed to meet market requirements of efficient combustion and ultra-low emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system and a combustion method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system, wherein: comprises an ignition device, a slag discharging pipe, an air distribution device, a hearth, a coal feeding pipe, a material returning pipe, a secondary air pipe, a cyclone separator, a material returning valve, a tail flue, a superheater, an economizer, an air preheater and a column crusher device in front of the furnace; the ignition device is positioned at the rear end of the air distribution device and is suspended on a boiler beam through a spring hanger; the upper end of the slag discharging pipe penetrates through the air distribution device to be communicated with the hearth, and the lower end of the slag discharging pipe is connected with the slag cooling machine; the total number of the slag discharging pipes is 4, the two slag discharging pipes are continuous slag discharging pipes at the outer side, and the two slag discharging pipes are selective slag discharging pipes at the inner side; the hearth is positioned above the air distribution device, and an outlet of the hearth is connected with the cyclone separator through a nonmetallic expansion joint; the coal feeding pipe is arranged at the lower side of the front wall of the hearth; the material returning pipe is arranged at the lower side of the rear wall of the hearth; the secondary air pipes are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth in a staggered mode, and the number of secondary air ports of the front wall is larger than that of the rear wall; the cyclone separator is positioned between the hearth and the tail flue, the inlet of the cyclone separator is connected with the hearth through a nonmetal expansion joint, and the exhaust port of the cyclone separator is connected with the tail flue through the nonmetal expansion joint; the upper port of the return valve is connected with a lower vertical pipe of the cyclone separator, and the lower port of the return valve is connected with a return pipe through a metal expansion joint; the tail flue is positioned at the rear of the combustion system, and the superheater and the economizer are sequentially supported in the tail flue; the air preheater is connected to the lower part of the coal economizer through an expansion joint.
Further preferably, the furnace is divided into a bottom vertical section area, a transition section area and an upper vertical section area (4-3), the bottom vertical section area is positioned below the secondary air port, the height is 3.8m, the width direction of the bottom vertical section area is the same as the upper part of the furnace, the depth direction is 0.35 times of the depth of the upper part of the furnace, the transition section area is one section of the upper part of the secondary air port, the transition section area is contracted to be 0.35 times of the original depth direction from top to bottom, the upper vertical section area is a main heat transfer space, the height is 25m, and the apparent air velocity of the bottom vertical section area and the upper vertical section area of the furnace is 4m/s for reducing the particle size of circulating materials.
Further preferably, the cyclone separator comprises an inlet accelerating section, a cylinder, a cone, a vertical pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the flow speed of a throat opening at the tangent position of the accelerating section and the cylinder is designed to be 35m/s, the height of the cylinder is 1.5 times of the diameter of the cylinder, the height of the cone is 2 times of the diameter of the cylinder, the exhaust pipe adopts an inverted cone structure, and the insertion depth is 0.5 time of the height of the inlet.
In a further preferred mode, the sectional area of the air distribution device is 35% of the sectional area of a hearth, and meanwhile, a small bell jar hood is adopted, the flow velocity of small holes of the hood is 40Nm/s, and the resistance of the hood is 2300Pa, so that the PC-CFB furnace can stably operate under a low load state.
In a further preferred mode, the single-layer front wall and the single-layer rear wall are arranged in a staggered mode, the number of the front wall secondary air openings is larger than that of the rear wall, the flow speed of the secondary air openings is 80m/s, the vertical distance between the secondary air openings and the air distribution device is 3.5-4.5 m, and the environment-friendly characteristic of the PC-CFB furnace is improved on the premise of ensuring combustion.
The invention relates to a method for burning pulverized coal particles by using the pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system, which comprises the following steps that raw coal particles are crushed into 0-2 mm pulverized coal particles by a column crusher device in front of a furnace, primary air accounting for 35% of total air quantity is preheated by an air preheater and enters a vertical section area at the bottom of a furnace through an air distribution device, the pulverized coal particles entering the bottom of the furnace through a coal feeding pipe and circulating ash entering the bottom of the furnace through a return pipe are conveyed to a transition section area of the furnace under the bubbling action of the primary air, secondary air accounting for 65% of total air quantity is preheated by the air preheater and then timely fed into the center of the furnace through a secondary air pipe positioned at the lower end of the transition section area, the secondary air is easy to reach the center of the furnace, so that an oxygen-deficient area is avoided, under the common action of the secondary air, then the materials are conveyed to the upper vertical section area of the furnace, then particles with particle size larger than 300 mu m are adhered to the wall to form internal circulating materials, and after fine materials with particle size smaller than 300 mu m enter a high-efficiency cyclone separator, 99.9% of materials are captured to form external circulating materials, the rest materials are carried into the tail parts in a form, and flue gas is carried into the tail part in a form, and the apparent flue gas is prevented from depositing in the tail part of the 3/3 and the tail part and the vertical circulating gas in the vertical circulating section and the 3 in the high-speed circulation section and the vertical section and the tail part in the high-3/the flue section; when the device runs, the differential pressure of the hearth is maintained to be 8Kpa, the oxygen amount at the tail part is 2-3%, the bed temperature is kept at 850 ℃, the differential pressure of the hearth above the secondary air port is kept at 100Pa/m on average, and the device can effectively inhibit the generation of NOx and effectively remove SO 2 at the same time of high-efficiency combustion; the column crusher device is a crusher system.
Compared with the existing coal combustion technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
① The combustion efficiency is high, the desulfurization effect in the furnace is good, meanwhile, the generation of NOx is effectively inhibited, the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace is more than 99 percent under the condition that the calcium-sulfur ratio is less than 2, and the original generation amount of NOx is less than 50mg/Nm3;
② The ash concentration in the hearth is high, the heat transfer coefficient in the furnace is high, the tail flue gas flow velocity is high, the tail convection heat transfer coefficient is high, the heat exchange area is reduced, and the steel consumption is saved.
③ The material granularity in the furnace is fine, the fluidization wind speed is low, and the abrasion problem of the CFB boiler is thoroughly eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system according to the present embodiment includes: the device comprises an ignition device 1, a slag discharging pipe 2, an air distribution device 3, a hearth 4, a coal feeding pipe 5, a return pipe 6, a secondary air pipe 7, a cyclone separator 8, a return valve 9, a tail flue 10, a superheater 11, an economizer 12, an air preheater 13 and a column crusher device in front of the furnace; the ignition device 1 is positioned at the rear end of the air distribution device 3 and is suspended on a boiler beam through a spring hanger; the upper end of the slag discharging pipe 2 passes through the air distribution device 3 to be communicated with the hearth 4, and the lower end is connected with a slag cooler; the number of the slag discharging pipes 2 is 4, two slag discharging pipes are continuous, and two slag discharging pipes are selective; the hearth 4 is positioned above the air distribution device 3, and an outlet of the hearth 4 is connected with the cyclone separator 8 through a nonmetallic expansion joint; the coal feeding pipe 5 is arranged on the lower side of the front wall of the hearth 4; the return pipe 6 is arranged at the lower side of the rear wall of the hearth 4; the secondary air pipes 7 are staggered on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth 4, and the number of secondary air ports of the front wall is larger than that of the rear wall; the cyclone separator 8 is positioned between the hearth 4 and the tail flue 10, an inlet of the cyclone separator 8 is connected with the hearth 4 through a nonmetal expansion joint, and an exhaust port of the cyclone separator 8 is connected with the tail flue 10 through the nonmetal expansion joint; the upper port of the return valve 9 is connected with a lower vertical pipe of the cyclone separator 8, and the lower port of the return valve 9 is connected with the return pipe 6 through a metal expansion joint; the tail flue 10 is positioned at the rear of the combustion system, and the superheater 11 and the economizer 12 are sequentially supported in the tail flue 10; the air preheater 13 is connected to the lower part of the economizer 12 through an expansion joint.
In this embodiment, the furnace 4 is divided into a bottom vertical section area 4-1, a transition section area 4-2 and an upper vertical section area 4-3, the bottom vertical section area 4-1 is located below the secondary air port 7, the height is 3.8m, the width direction of the bottom vertical section area is the same as the upper part of the furnace, the depth direction is 0.35 times of the depth of the upper part of the furnace, the transition section area 4-2 is one section of the upper part of the secondary air port, the upper vertical section area 4-3 is a main heat transfer space, the height is 25m, the apparent air speeds of the bottom vertical section area 4-1 and the upper vertical section area 4-3 of the furnace are all selected to be 4m/s.
In this embodiment, the cyclone separator 8 includes an inlet accelerating section 8-1, a cylinder 8-2, a cone 8-3, a vertical pipe 8-4 and an exhaust pipe 8-5, wherein the throat flow rate at the tangent position of the accelerating section 8-1 and the cylinder 8-2 is designed to be 35m/s, the height of the cylinder 8-2 is 1.5 times of the diameter of the cylinder, the height of the cone 8-3 is 2 times of the diameter of the cylinder, the exhaust pipe 8-5 adopts an inverted cone structure, and the insertion depth is 0.5 times of the inlet height.
In the embodiment, the sectional area of the air distribution device 3 is 35% of the sectional area of a hearth, and meanwhile, a small bell jar hood is adopted, the small hole flow velocity of the hood is 40Nm/s, and the hood resistance is 2300Pa, so that the PC-CFB furnace can stably operate in a low-load state.
In the embodiment, the front walls and the rear walls of the secondary air ports 7 are arranged in a staggered manner, the number of the secondary air ports of the front walls is larger than that of the rear walls, the flow speed of the secondary air ports is 80m/s, the vertical distance between the secondary air ports and the air distribution device 3 is 3.5-4.5 m, and the environment-friendly characteristic of the PC-CFB furnace is improved on the premise of ensuring combustion.
The method for burning pulverized coal particles by using the pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system comprises the steps of crushing raw coal particles into pulverized coal particles with the size of 0-2 mm by a column crusher device in front of a furnace, preheating primary air accounting for 35% of total air quantity by an air preheater 13, enabling the primary air to enter a vertical section area 4-1 at the bottom of a hearth by an air distribution device 3, conveying most of pulverized coal particles entering the bottom of the hearth through a coal feeding pipe 5 and circulating ash entering the bottom of the hearth through a return pipe 6 to a transition section area 4-2 of the hearth under the bubbling action of primary air, timely supplementing secondary air accounting for 65% of total air quantity by a secondary air pipe 7 positioned at the lower end of the transition section area after being preheated by the air preheater 13, enabling the secondary air to easily reach the center of the hearth, avoiding the oxygen-deficient area, under the combined action of a secondary air, the material is then sent to an upper vertical section area 4-3 of a hearth, then particles with the particle size of more than 300um are adhered to the wall and flow back to form an internal circulation material, after the fine material with the particle size of less than 300um enters a high-efficiency cyclone separator 8, 99.9% of the material is captured to form an external circulation material, the rest superfine material is carried into a tail flue 10 by flue gas in the form of fly ash, in order to avoid the deposition of fine ash in the tail flue 10, the tail flue gas flow rate is 3m/s higher than that of a conventional boiler, the apparent gas velocities of the bottom vertical section area and the upper vertical section area of the hearth are both 4m/s, and the pulverized coal particles complete the combustion process in the series of internal circulation and external circulation; when the device runs, the differential pressure of the hearth is maintained to be 8Kpa, the oxygen amount at the tail part is 2-3%, the bed temperature is kept at 850 ℃, the differential pressure of the hearth above the secondary air port is kept at 100Pa/m on average, and the device can effectively inhibit the generation of NOx and effectively remove SO 2 at the same time of high-efficiency combustion; the column crusher device is a crusher system.
The return valve 9 is a self-balancing return device, the air chamber at the lower part of the return valve realizes partitioned air distribution and independent adjustment, the air quantity of the discharging side is smaller, and the air quantity of the returning side is larger;
The tail flue 10 is easy to have adhesion and deposition of superfine ash, the tail flue gas flow rate needs to be improved, and the tail flue gas flow rate is 3m/s higher than that of a CFB boiler;
The invention provides a clean coal combustion technology with energy conservation and emission reduction, which ensures that fine powder of a pulverized coal furnace is favorable for flowing uniformly and quickly burn out, and lower bed temperature of a fluidized bed and internal and external circulation of a large amount of materials are favorable for reducing pollutant emission.
Claims (4)
1. The method is applied to a pulverized coal particle circulating fluidized bed combustion system, and the combustion system comprises an ignition device (1), a slag discharging pipe (2), an air distribution device (3), a hearth (4), a coal feeding pipe (5), a return pipe (6), a secondary air pipe (7), a cyclone separator (8), a return valve (9), a tail flue (10), a superheater (11), an economizer (12), an air preheater (13) and a post crusher device in front of the furnace; the ignition device (1) is positioned at the rear end of the air distribution device (3) and is suspended on a boiler beam through a spring hanger; the upper end of the slag discharging pipe (2) passes through the air distribution device (3) to be communicated with the hearth (4), and the lower end of the slag discharging pipe is connected with a slag cooling machine; the number of the slag discharging pipes (2) is 4, two slag discharging pipes are continuous, and two slag discharging pipes are selective; the hearth (4) is positioned above the air distribution device (3), and an outlet of the hearth (4) is connected with the cyclone separator (8) through a nonmetal expansion joint; the coal feeding pipe (5) is arranged at the lower side of the front wall of the hearth (4); the return pipe (6) is arranged at the lower side of the rear wall of the hearth (4); the secondary air pipes (7) are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth (4) in a staggered mode, and the number of secondary air ports of the front wall is larger than that of the rear wall; the cyclone separator (8) is positioned between the hearth (4) and the tail flue (10), the inlet of the cyclone separator (8) is connected with the hearth (4) through a nonmetallic expansion joint, and the exhaust port of the cyclone separator (8) is connected with the tail flue (10) through a nonmetallic expansion joint; the upper opening of the return valve (9) is connected with a lower vertical pipe of the cyclone separator (8), and the lower opening of the return valve (9) is connected with the return pipe (6) through a metal expansion joint; the tail flue (10) is positioned at the rear of the combustion system, and the superheater (11) and the economizer (12) are sequentially supported in the tail flue (10); the air preheater (13) is connected to the lower part of the economizer (12) through an expansion joint; the furnace chamber (4) is divided into a bottom vertical section area (4-1), a transition section area (4-2) and an upper vertical section area (4-3), the bottom vertical section area (4-1) is located below the secondary air port (7), the height is 3.8m, the width direction size of the bottom vertical section area is the same as that of the upper part of the furnace chamber, the depth direction size is 0.35 times of the depth of the upper part of the furnace chamber, the transition section area (4-2) is one section of the upper part of the secondary air port, the shrinkage of the transition section area in the depth direction from top to bottom is 0.35 times of the original, the upper vertical section area (4-3) is a main heat transfer space, and the height is 25m, and the furnace chamber is characterized in that: the combustion method comprises the following steps:
Crushing raw coal particles into 0-2 mm pulverized coal particles through a column crusher device in front of a furnace, preheating primary air accounting for 35% of total air quantity through an air preheater (13), enabling the primary air to enter a vertical section area (4-1) at the bottom of a furnace through an air distribution device (3), enabling the pulverized coal particles entering the bottom of the furnace through a coal feeding pipe (5) and circulating ash entering the bottom of the furnace through a return pipe (6) to be conveyed to a furnace transition section area (4-2) under the bubbling action of the primary air, enabling secondary air accounting for 65% of total air quantity to be preheated through the air preheater (13) and then timely fed into the center of the furnace through a secondary air pipe (7) positioned at the lower end of the transition section area, avoiding the secondary air from reaching an oxygen-deficient area, enabling the materials to be conveyed to the vertical section area (4-3) at the upper part of the furnace under the common action of the secondary air, enabling particles with particle diameters larger than 300um to adhere to the wall and flow back to form internal circulating materials, enabling 99.9% of the materials to be formed into external circulating materials after the fine materials with particle diameters smaller than 300um enter a high-efficient cyclone (8), enabling the rest of the fine materials to be carried into a tail part (10 m/10 in the form of fine coal circulating smoke and the tail part of the boiler to be in the vertical section area, and the tail part of the vertical section area (10 m) in the vertical section of the furnace, and the tail part of the tail part is formed in the high-speed smoke-stream cycle gas-stream cycle mode, and the tail end part is formed in the tail end part of the high-gas cycle gas is in the high-quality flue gas cycle gas and the high-quality flue gas flow cycle gas and the high quality; when the device runs, the differential pressure of the hearth is maintained to be 8Kpa, the oxygen amount at the tail part is 2-3%, the bed temperature is kept at 850 ℃, the differential pressure of the hearth above the secondary air port is kept at 100Pa/m on average, and the device can effectively inhibit the generation of NOx and effectively remove SO 2 at the same time of high-efficiency combustion; the column crusher device is a crusher system.
2. A method of burning pulverized coal particles in a pulverized coal circulating fluidized bed combustion system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cyclone separator (8) comprises an inlet accelerating section (8-1), a cylinder body (8-2), a cone (8-3), a vertical pipe (8-4) and an exhaust pipe (8-5), wherein the throat flow speed at the tangential position of the accelerating section (8-1) and the cylinder body (8-2) is designed to be 35m/s, the height of the cylinder body (8-2) is 1.5 times of the diameter of the cylinder body, the height of the cone (8-3) is 2 times of the diameter of the cylinder body, the exhaust pipe (8-5) adopts an inverted cone structure, and the insertion depth is 0.5 times of the inlet height.
3. A method of burning pulverized coal particles in a pulverized coal circulating fluidized bed combustion system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the sectional area of the air distribution device (3) is 35% of the sectional area of a hearth, and meanwhile, a small bell jar hood is adopted, the flow speed of a hood small hole is 40Nm/s, and the hood resistance is 2300Pa, so that the PC-CFB furnace can stably operate under a low load state.
4. A method of burning pulverized coal particles in a pulverized coal circulating fluidized bed combustion system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the secondary air ports (7) are arranged in a staggered manner on the single-layer front wall and the single-layer rear wall, the number of the secondary air ports on the front wall is larger than that of the secondary air ports on the rear wall, the flow speed of the secondary air ports is 80m/s, and the vertical distance between the secondary air ports and the air distribution device (3) is 3.5-4.5 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN111664445A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-15 | 青岛特利尔环保集团股份有限公司 | Semi-coke powder circulating fluidized bed boiler based on material heat balance |
| CN114353059B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-09-05 | 清华大学 | Extremely narrow screening particle diameter pulverized coal circulating fluidized bed combustion system |
| CN115234900A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 | Circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler for burning coal powder particles and burning method thereof |
| CN116481021A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-07-25 | 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly energy-saving circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of respectively burning coal and coal water slurry |
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