CN107939266A - 一种净化空气的纱网及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种净化空气的纱网及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107939266A
CN107939266A CN201711013701.9A CN201711013701A CN107939266A CN 107939266 A CN107939266 A CN 107939266A CN 201711013701 A CN201711013701 A CN 201711013701A CN 107939266 A CN107939266 A CN 107939266A
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gauze
lotion
preparation
emulsion
spinning
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CN107939266B (zh
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汪涛
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Anhui Joysum New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及纱网技术领域，具体地，涉及一种净化空气的纱网及其制备方法；所述的制备方法包括：(1)将发泡剂、聚合物乳液和活性炭纤维在有机溶剂中分散得乳液混合物，进行静电纺丝得到原丝；(2)将可溶性银盐、聚合物乳液和有机溶剂混合后形成浸渍液，将原丝浸没到浸渍液中在原丝表面形成纤维壁；(3)编织形成纱网结构，酸洗后洗涤至中性，干燥；(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，烘烤，得纱网成品；本发明提供的纱网的制备方法，简单方便，制备的纱网具有优异的净化效果，不仅可以吸附空气中的悬浮颗粒物和有毒有害气体，还可以杀灭空气中的细菌，提高净化空气的能力。

Description

一种净化空气的纱网及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纱网技术领域，具体地，涉及一种净化空气的纱网及其制备方法。
背景技术
窗纱是一种广泛用于门窗上的网状物，在防蚊防虫的同时不影响室内的采光通风。窗纱按其材质可以分为尼龙类窗纱、金属类窗纱和玻璃纤维类窗纱。
尼龙类窗纱是通过低压和高密度的聚乙烯丝通过平织法编制而成，它具有多种颜色，如最常见的白色、绿色和蓝色，该类材质具有重量轻、美观大方、耐酸碱、抗腐蚀、透风等优点，常用于民用建筑，因其物美价廉、材质轻巧、易于清洁，所以受到广大消费者的喜爱。
金属类窗纱多用细的金属丝编织成网状，最常见的就是不锈钢窗纱，这类窗纱也是采用平织工艺织造而成，具有良好的透气、透光的性能，还具有防鼠、防蚊蝇、防火、耐高温、阻燃等多种特点，比普通尼龙类窗纱拥有更好的增加空气流通率。
玻璃纤维类窗纱的纱窗材质是玻璃纤维涂塑丝，主要由玻璃纤维、PVC组成。通常我们称之为隐形窗纱，它的显著特点在于除却一般窗纱的功能外，还具有使用寿命长，防火阻燃，抗静电，不沾灰，隐形效果，抵挡紫外线照射的优点。
随着现代工业和交通的迅猛发展，烟尘和汽车尾气等的排放量已经超越了大气的自净界限，接踵而来的是一个十分严峻的问题—大气污染。近年来，国际上一些室内环境专家提醒，在经历了工业革命带来的“煤烟型污染”和“光化学烟雾型污染”后，现代人正进入以“室内空气污染”为标志的第三次污染时期，室内空气污染物主要来自于室外空气中的侵入污染物和室内建筑及装潢材料、现***公设备和人体自身所产生的污染物，悬浮在空气中的固态粒子或液态小滴物质统称为气溶胶，气溶胶是大气不可或缺的组成部分，无论是室外污染物还是室内污染物，均以气溶胶的形式存在于空气中。为了实现室内空气的净化，目前人们已研制出用于净化室内空气的空气净化机，但是这种机器不但价格昂贵，体积大，占据空间，而且需要耗费电力，不够低碳环保。本发明的发明人认为，室外空气中的污染物要通过门窗进入室内，室内的空气也要通过门窗实现对流交换。对窗纱的纱网进行功能化的设计，使其具有净化空气的能力，不仅可以实现对室内空气的净化，而且无需耗费电力，低碳环保。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法，该方法制备的纱网具有结构简单，成本低廉，低碳环保的特点，有效吸附经纱网进出室内的空气中的有害物质，同时方便清洗，便于多次使用。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将添加有发泡剂的聚合物乳液和活性炭纤维在有机溶剂中进行超声分散，得乳液混合物，对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，得到原丝；
(2)将可溶性银盐、聚合物乳液在有机溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡3-5h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到酸性溶液中浸泡3-8h，每隔30-60min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在50-70℃的条件下烘烤10-20min，得纱网成品。
本发明首先将具有高吸附能力的活性炭纤维和发泡剂分散到聚合物乳液中，并经行混纺得到原丝，然后将原丝浸没到可溶性银盐、聚合物乳液和有机溶剂组成的浸渍液中，在原丝表面形成外壁，该复合结构的纺丝进行编织后形成的纱网结构再通过酸性溶液的洗脱在外壁层形成微细渗透孔结构，然后在通过烘烤处理将内层的发泡剂释放，将内层也形成疏松的孔隙结构，同时，该内层的吸附孔和外壁的介孔中吸附有具有消菌杀毒作用的银离子，不但可以将空气中的悬浮颗粒进行吸附，同时也可以对空气中的一些细菌进行扑杀。极大的提高了对室内交换空气的净化能力。
根据本发明，本发明对所述的聚合物乳液没有特殊的要求，所述的聚合物乳液包括聚偏氟乙烯乳液、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯乳液、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯乳液、聚芳酯乳液、聚醋酸乙烯乳液、尼龙6乳液、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯乳液、聚苯胺乳液、聚氧化乙烯乳液、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乳液、聚丙烯腈乳液、聚己内酯乳液、聚氨酯乳液、氟化聚氨酯乳液、聚砜乳液、聚醚砜乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯-全氟甲基乙烯基醚乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯乳液中的至少一种。
所述的活性炭纤维的主要作用在于吸附空气中的有毒有害物质和悬浮颗粒物，活性炭纤维的比表面积越大，其吸附能力越强，而比表面积较大的活性炭纤维，其制备难度也较大，本发明中，所述的活性炭纤维的比表面积为500-2000g/m2。
根据本发明，所述的发泡剂的作用在于在内层的复合纺丝中形成孔隙结构，发泡剂的分解温度应当低于所述的复合纺丝的碳化或分解温度，本发明中所述的发泡剂为碳酸氢钠、4,4-氧代双苯磺酰肼、偶氮二甲酰胺、N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺中的至少一种。
根据本发明，有机溶剂的种类需要根据聚合物的种类进行适当的变化，具体的：
聚偏氟乙烯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺、磷酸三乙酯和二甲基亚砜；
聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯：二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、三氯甲烷或丙酮；
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯：二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、三氯甲烷或丙酮；
聚芳酯：二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、三氯甲烷或丙酮；
聚醋酸乙烯：甲苯、丙酮、乙醇、醋酸、乙酸乙酯或三氯甲烷；
尼龙6：甲酸；
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯：氯仿、乙酸、乙酸乙酯、丙酮或甲苯；
聚苯胺：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮；
聚氧化乙烯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、水或三氯甲烷；
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮：水、乙醇、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺；
聚丙烯腈：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜；
聚己内酯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或丙酮；
聚氨酯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮或N-甲基吡咯烷酮；
氟化聚氨酯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮或N-甲基吡咯烷酮；
聚砜和聚醚砜：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺或四氢呋喃；
聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺、磷酸三乙酯或二甲基亚砜；
聚偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯-全氟甲基乙烯基醚：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺、磷酸三乙酯或二甲基亚砜；
聚偏氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯：N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺、磷酸三乙酯或二甲基亚砜。
根据本发明，本发明中所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为20-55KV，纺丝的环境温度为20-28℃，相对湿度为40-75％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为5-25cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为10-80个。
根据本发明，本发明中所述的可溶性银盐的种类没有特殊的要求，只要在水中能够溶解即可，优选的，所述的可溶性银盐包括硝酸银、氟化银、硫酸银、醋酸银、高氯酸银中的一种。
根据本发明，本发明对所述的复合纺丝的编织方式不做特殊的要求，优选的，复合纺丝的编织方式为平纹编织、斜纹编织或蜂巢式编织中的一种；
为了形成的纱网具有较好的空气净化效果，所述的复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和/或纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为50-100根单丝/英寸。
根据本发明，为了提高可溶性银盐的析出效率，本发明采用酸性溶液对纱网结构进行浸泡，优选的，所述的酸性溶液的pH值为2-5。具体的，本发明对所述的酸性溶液的种类没有特殊的要求，可以为所述领域技术人员所熟知的，例如所述酸源可以为无机酸和/或有机酸，所述无机酸可以为盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、硼酸、高氯酸、硫氰酸、亚硫酸、磷酸、亚磷酸、次氯酸等中的至少一种；所述有机酸可以为甲酸、乙酸、苯甲酸、苯磺酸等中的至少一种。
为了提高可溶性银盐的析出速度，本发明中采用了多次浸泡的方式。为了确保制得的纱网中含有一定量的银离子，在烘烤分解发泡剂之前，将纱网结构浸没到浸渍液中并提起，使一部分的银离子浸入到已形成的微细渗透孔中。
本发明还提供了一种净化空气的纱网，根据上述制备方法制备得到。
根据本发明，本发明所述的纱网由内层的复合纺丝及其外层的外壁组成，所述的纱网还至少包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接。
根据本发明，所述的纱网上的经丝和/或纬丝的内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为80-200nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为20-50nm。
本发明的突出特点和优异的技术效果在于：
1、本发明通过将发泡剂和活性炭纤维分散到聚合物乳液中，然后混纺形成原丝，在原丝中分散有发泡剂和活性炭纤维；再将原丝浸没到含有可溶性银盐的聚合物乳液中形成外壁结构，通过酸性溶液的洗脱在外壁上形成渗透微孔结构，然后再进行高温处理使得内层的复合纺丝中的发泡剂分解并通过外壁的渗透微孔结构溢出形成孔隙结构。本发明提供的纱网的制备方法，简单方便，制备的纱网具有优异的净化效果，不仅可以吸附空气中的悬浮颗粒物和有毒有害气体，还可以杀灭空气中的细菌，提高净化空气的能力。
2、本发明提供的纱网，其具有的多层结构及内外层差异性孔隙结构可以对空气中的不同粒径的悬浮颗粒物进行有效的吸附，达到优秀的净化效果。
3、本发明提供的纱网，结构简单，便于清洗后重复使用，在净化一段时间的空气后，可以拆下进行清洗，将纱网结构中的悬浮颗粒物进行浸泡冲洗去除，从而恢复纱网的净化能力。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明。
实施例1
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有碳酸氢钠的聚偏氟乙烯乳液和活性炭纤维(南通新通活性碳纤维有限公司制)分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为30KV，纺丝的环境温度为25℃，相对湿度为60％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为15cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为50个；得到原丝；
(2)将硝酸银、聚偏氟乙烯乳液在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡4h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用平纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到盐酸中浸泡5h，每隔50min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为75根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在60℃的条件下烘烤15min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为120nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为35nm。
实施例2
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有4,4-氧代双苯磺酰肼的聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯乳液和活性炭纤维分散在二氯甲烷溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为25KV，纺丝的环境温度为23℃，相对湿度为45％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为12cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为30个；得到原丝；
(2)将氟化银、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯乳液在二氯甲烷溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡4h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用斜纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到硝酸中浸泡5h，每隔40min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为60根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在60℃的条件下烘烤15min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为100nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为25nm。
实施例3
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有偶氮二甲酰胺的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯乳液和活性炭纤维分散在二氯甲烷溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为50KV，纺丝的环境温度为27℃，相对湿度为70％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距20cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为70个；得到原丝；
(2)将硫酸银、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯乳液在二氯甲烷溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡4h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用平纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到硫酸中浸泡7h，每隔55min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为90根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在65℃的条件下烘烤18min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为180nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为45nm。
实施例4
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺的聚芳酯乳液和活性炭纤维分散在二氯甲烷溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为20KV，纺丝的环境温度为20℃，相对湿度为40％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为25cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为10个；得到原丝；
(2)将醋酸银、聚芳酯乳液在二氯甲烷溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将
步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡3h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用斜纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到硼酸中浸泡3h，每隔30min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为50根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在50℃的条件下烘烤10min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为80nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为20nm。
实施例5
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有碳酸氢钠的聚醋酸乙烯乳液和活性炭纤维分散在甲苯中，在功率为1000kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为55KV，纺丝的环境温度为28℃，相对湿度为75％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为5cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为80个；得到原丝；
(2)将高氯酸银、聚醋酸乙烯乳液在甲苯中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡5h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用蜂巢式编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到高氯酸中浸泡8h，每隔60min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为50-100根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在50℃的条件下烘烤20min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为200nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为50nm。
对比例1
本实施例中的纱网与实施例1中的纱网的制备方法相同，不同的是，所述的复合纺丝中没有活性炭纤维，其余相同。
具体的制备方法如下：
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有碳酸氢钠的聚偏氟乙烯乳液分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为30KV，纺丝的环境温度为25℃，相对湿度为60％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为15cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为50个；得到原丝；
(2)将硝酸银、聚偏氟乙烯乳液在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡4h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用平纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到盐酸中浸泡5h，每隔50min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为75根单丝/英寸；
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在60℃的条件下烘烤15min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为120nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为35nm。
对比例2
本实施例中的纱网与实施例1中的纱网的制备方法相同，不同的是，所述的复合纺丝中没有发泡剂，其余相同。
具体的制备方法为：
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将聚偏氟乙烯乳液和活性炭纤维(南通新通活性碳纤维有限公司制)分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为30KV，纺丝的环境温度为25℃，相对湿度为60％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为15cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为50个；得到原丝；
(2)将硝酸银、聚偏氟乙烯乳液在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡4h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝采用平纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到盐酸中浸泡5h，每隔50min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为75根单丝/英寸。
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在60℃的条件下烘烤15min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，外壁上的介孔孔径为35nm。
对比例3
本实施例中的纱网与实施例1中的纱网的制备方法相同，不同的是，所述的原丝不进行浸渍形成外壁结构，其余相同。
具体的制备方法为：
一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法：
(1)将添加有碳酸氢钠的聚偏氟乙烯乳液和活性炭纤维(南通新通活性碳纤维有限公司制)分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在功率为500kw下超声分散10min，得乳液混合物；
对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为30KV，纺丝的环境温度为25℃，相对湿度为60％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为15cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为50个；得到原丝；
(2)对步骤(1)中的原丝采用平纹编织的方式进行编织形成纱网结构；
原丝编织的编织单元的经丝和纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为75根单丝/英寸；
(3)将纱网结构在60℃的条件下烘烤15min，得纱网成品。
上述纱网结构包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接，其中，内层原丝的吸附孔径为150nm。
性能测试：
设计相同的5个房间，并在同样位置放置风扇，将房间的窗户依次更换实施例1-5的纱网，使用PM2.5测试仪(深圳吉顺安制JSA2-PM2.5)测试各个房间初始的PM2.5含量，和24h、48h后的PM2.5含量，计算纱网的PM2.5吸附效率并记录到表1中。
表1：
由上述数据可以看出，本发明提供的纱网具有优异的空气净化能力。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的特点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

1.一种净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)将添加有发泡剂的聚合物乳液和活性炭纤维在有机溶剂中进行超声分散，得乳液混合物，对乳液混合物进行静电纺丝，得到原丝；
(2)将可溶性银盐、聚合物乳液在有机溶剂中混合均匀，形成浸渍液，将步骤(1)中的原丝浸没到浸渍液中浸泡3-5h，在原丝表面形成均质的纤维壁，形成复合纺丝；
(3)对步骤(2)中的复合纺丝进行编织形成纱网结构，然后浸没到酸性溶液中浸泡3-8h，每隔30-60min更换浸泡液，然后洗涤至中性，干燥；
(4)将纱网结构浸没到步骤(2)中的浸渍液中并提起，在50-70℃的条件下烘烤10-20min，得纱网成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中，所述的静电纺丝的工艺为：电源电压控制为20-55KV，纺丝的环境温度为20-28℃，相对湿度为40-75％RH；多针头喷丝单元针头间距为5-25cm，喷丝单元的针头数量为10-80个。
3.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的活性炭纤维的比表面积为500-2000g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的可溶性银盐包括硝酸银、氟化银、硫酸银、醋酸银、高氯酸银中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，复合纺丝的编织方式方式为平纹编织、斜纹编织或蜂巢式编织中的一种；和/或，
复合纺丝编织的编织单元的经丝和/或纬丝在经线或纬线方向的密度为50-100根单丝/英寸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的聚合物乳液包括聚偏氟乙烯乳液、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯乳液、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯乳液、聚芳酯乳液、聚醋酸乙烯乳液、尼龙6乳液、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯乳液、聚苯胺乳液、聚氧化乙烯乳液、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乳液、聚丙烯腈乳液、聚己内酯乳液、聚氨酯乳液、氟化聚氨酯乳液、聚砜乳液、聚醚砜乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯-全氟甲基乙烯基醚乳液、聚偏氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯乳液中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的净化空气的纱网的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的发泡剂为碳酸氢钠、4,4-氧代双苯磺酰肼、偶氮二甲酰胺、N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺中的至少一种。
8.一种净化空气的纱网，其特征在于：所述的纱网由权利要求1-7任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
9.根据权利要求8所述的净化空气的纱网，其特征在于：所述的纱网至少包括两层编织网且相互的编织网之间相互编织连接。
10.根据权利要求8所述的净化空气的纱网，其特征在于：所述纱网上的经丝和/或纬丝的内层复合纺丝的吸附孔径为80-200nm；外壁上的介孔孔径为20-50nm。
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