CN107937652B - Efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber - Google Patents
Efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937652B CN107937652B CN201711348676.XA CN201711348676A CN107937652B CN 107937652 B CN107937652 B CN 107937652B CN 201711348676 A CN201711348676 A CN 201711348676A CN 107937652 B CN107937652 B CN 107937652B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber, which is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls, regenerative chamber walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron pieces of a discharge port at two sides, wherein the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with a reduction chamber; the cooling chamber walls on the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas channel, a plurality of cooling gas channels are uniformly arranged along the high direction of the cooling chamber, each cooling gas channel is uniformly provided with a plurality of cooling gas outlets or cooling gas inlets along the long direction of the cooling chamber, and the cooling gas outlets and the cooling gas inlets are respectively communicated with the inner space of the cooling chamber and the opening direction of the cooling gas inlets is inclined downwards towards the inner side of the cooling chamber. The invention can directly exchange heat and cool the high-temperature sponge iron reduced in the vertical furnace by gas, and combines direct heat exchange cooling in the cooling chamber with indirect heat exchange cooling of the water cooling device outside the furnace, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency in the cooling process, reducing the high-temperature resistance requirement on the discharging device outside the furnace and the water cooling device, and reducing the investment of auxiliary equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an upright furnace, and more particularly, to a cooling chamber of an external heating type coal-based upright furnace for producing direct reduced iron.
Background
The direct reduction iron-making technology is one of the important processes in the modern steel industry, and the product is an indispensable raw material for producing high-quality pure steel, is beneficial to the structural adjustment of the steel industry, is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction, and is an indispensable component for improving quality, reducing consumption and running low carbon in the steel industry.
The direct reduction iron-making technology is classified into a gas-based technology and a coal-based technology according to the form of a reducing agent, and several tens of technologies realize industrial production. The gas-based technology accounts for about 75% of the current world direct original iron productivity, and although the technology is basically mature, the technology using natural gas has no cost advantage in China; the technical engineering investment for using the coal gas is high, the procedure links are more, and the production cost is not low. In the coal-based technology, the total yield of the rotary kiln method is maximum, but the requirements on raw materials are strict, the investment of unit productivity is high, the operation cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, the single-seat production scale is difficult to expand, and the production is unstable; the tunnel kiln method has high metallization rate, but has high energy consumption, serious pollution and small single machine productivity; the rotary hearth furnace method is an effective method for treating iron-containing dust mud of metallurgical factories, is used for producing reduced iron for steelmaking and treating vanadium titano-magnetite, and has difficulty in obtaining benefits due to the metallization rate, the product quality and the like. Therefore, in recent years, coal-based shaft furnace processes have become a new research direction.
The coal-based shaft furnace process is represented by an Italy KM process, fuel is combusted in the shaft furnace, generated heat is transferred to furnace burden in a reduction chamber through a furnace wall, generated high-temperature sponge iron is cooled in a mode of cooling by external water cooling equipment, and the generated high-temperature sponge iron has high requirements on high temperature resistance of a discharging equipment and water cooling equipment and huge equipment investment, and related departments organize research test KM process in China once, but cannot be implemented due to high investment cost and the like.
The Chinese patent with application number 201611050878.1 discloses a direct reduction process of a coal-based shaft furnace, wherein the process is recorded that after reduction is completed, a mixture is cooled to a hot discharging temperature of 500-850 ℃ or a cold discharging temperature of 50-150 ℃ through a cooling section and then discharged out of the furnace through a discharging device of the coal-based shaft furnace; but it is not described in detail how the cooling of the charge is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber, which can directly exchange heat and cool the high-temperature sponge iron reduced in the vertical furnace by gas, and combines direct heat exchange cooling in the cooling chamber with indirect heat exchange cooling of a water cooling device outside the furnace, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency in the cooling process, reducing the high-temperature resistant requirements on a discharging device outside the furnace and the water cooling device, and reducing the investment of auxiliary equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls, regenerative chamber walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron pieces of a discharge port at two sides, wherein the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with a reduction chamber; the cooling chamber walls on the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas channel, a plurality of cooling gas channels are uniformly arranged along the high direction of the cooling chamber, each cooling gas channel is uniformly provided with a plurality of cooling gas outlets or cooling gas inlets along the long direction of the cooling chamber, and the cooling gas outlets and the cooling gas inlets are respectively communicated with the inner space of the cooling chamber and the opening direction of the cooling gas inlets is inclined downwards towards the inner side of the cooling chamber.
The cooling gas inlet and the cooling gas outlet are oppositely arranged; namely, cooling gas inlets are formed in the cooling gas channels in the cooling chamber wall on one side, and cooling gas outlets are formed in the cooling gas channels in the cooling chamber wall on the other side.
And cooling gas inlets are formed in the cooling gas channels at the lower parts of the cooling chamber walls at the two sides, and cooling gas outlets are formed in the cooling gas channels at the upper parts of the cooling chamber walls at the two sides.
The cooling gas channel is built by refractory bricks or is formed by stainless steel pipes penetrating through refractory bricks.
The width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber is matched with the width of the lower opening of the reducing chamber, and the width of the lower opening of the cooling chamber is larger than the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The heat exchange efficiency of the cooling process is improved by the cooperation of direct heat exchange cooling of the gas in the vertical furnace cooling chamber and indirect heat exchange cooling of the water cooling device outside the furnace;
2) The high-temperature sponge iron can be cooled to the temperature of 100-350 ℃ through direct heat exchange and cooling of the gas in the cooling chamber in the vertical furnace, so that the high-temperature resistant requirements on the discharging device and the water cooling device outside the furnace are not required, and the investment of auxiliary equipment can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a high efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is A-A view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a high efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a B-B view in fig. 3.
In the figure: 1. the upper opening 2, the wall 3, the cooling gas channel 4, the cooling gas inlet 5, the cooling gas outlet 6 and the lower opening of the cooling chamber
Detailed Description
The following is a further description of embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the high-efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls 2 on two sides, regenerator walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron pieces of a discharge port, and the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with a reduction chamber; the cooling chamber walls 2 on the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas channel 3, a plurality of cooling gas channels 3 are uniformly arranged along the height direction of the cooling chamber, each cooling gas channel 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of cooling gas outlets 5 or cooling gas inlets 4 along the length direction of the cooling chamber, the cooling gas outlets 5 and the cooling gas inlets 4 are respectively communicated with the inner space of the cooling chamber, and the opening directions of the cooling gas outlets and the cooling gas inlets 4 are all inclined downwards towards the inner side of the cooling chamber.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooling gas inlet 4 and the cooling gas outlet 5 are disposed opposite to each other; namely, the cooling gas channels 3 in the cooling chamber wall 2 at one side are provided with cooling gas inlets 4, and the cooling gas channels 3 in the cooling chamber wall 2 at the other side are provided with cooling gas outlets 5.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cooling gas channels 3 at the lower parts of the cooling chamber walls 2 at the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas inlet 4, and the cooling gas channels 3 at the upper parts of the cooling chamber walls 2 at the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas outlet 5.
The cooling gas channel 3 is built by refractory bricks or is formed by stainless steel pipes penetrating through refractory bricks.
The width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber is matched with the width of the lower opening of the reducing chamber, and the width of the lower opening of the cooling chamber is larger than the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber.
The invention relates to a high-efficiency vertical furnace cooling chamber, which is positioned at the lower parts of a reduction chamber and a combustion chamber and at one side of a regenerative chamber, and is formed by encircling cooling chamber walls 2, regenerative chamber walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron pieces of a discharge port at two sides; the cooling gas flows horizontally or upwards in the cooling chamber, and exchanges heat with the sponge iron flowing from top to bottom, so that the high-temperature sponge iron at 800-1000 ℃ can be cooled to be within the range of 100-350 ℃; the cooling gas is the generated gas of the direct reduction iron-making reaction, mainly the mixed gas of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and inert gases such as nitrogen can be adopted.
The cooling gas channels provided with cooling gas inlets 4 are respectively connected with the furnace gas inlet pipeline (positive pressure outlet end of the fan), and the cooling gas channels provided with cooling gas outlets 5 are respectively connected with the air suction pipeline (negative pressure inlet end of the fan).
The following examples are given by way of illustration of detailed embodiments and specific procedures based on the technical scheme of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the examples described below are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[ example 1 ]
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the vertical furnace cooling chamber is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls 2, regenerator walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron parts of a discharge port on two sides, and the cooling chamber walls 2, the regenerator walls and the sealing walls are all built by refractory materials; the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with the reduction chamber, and the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber is the same as the width of the lower opening of the reduction chamber; the cooling gas channels 3 are distributed in the cooling chamber wall 2, cooling gas inlets 4 are respectively formed in the cooling gas channels 3 on one side of the cooling chamber, cooling gas outlets 5 are respectively formed in the cooling gas channels 3 on the other side of the cooling chamber, and openings of the cooling gas inlets/ outlets 4 and 5 face obliquely downwards in the cooling chamber.
Cooling gas enters the cooling chamber through the cooling gas inlet 4, flows in the cooling chamber in the horizontal direction, and finally leaves the cooling chamber through the cooling gas outlet 5; the cooling gas can cool the high-temperature sponge iron at 800-1000 ℃ to the temperature ranging from 100 ℃ to 350 ℃ through direct heat exchange between the cooling gas and the sponge iron.
[ example 2 ]
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cooling chamber of the vertical furnace in this embodiment is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls 2, regenerator walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron parts of a discharge port on two sides, wherein the cooling chamber walls 2, the regenerator walls and the sealing walls are all built by refractory materials; the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with the reduction chamber, and the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber is the same as the width of the lower opening of the reduction chamber; the cooling gas channels 3 are distributed in the cooling chamber wall 2, the cooling gas channels 3 positioned at the lower part of the cooling chamber are provided with cooling gas inlets 4, the cooling gas channels 3 positioned at the upper part of the cooling chamber are provided with cooling gas outlets 5, and the openings of the cooling gas inlets/ outlets 4 and 5 face obliquely downwards in the cooling chamber.
The cooling gas enters the cooling chamber through the cooling gas inlet 4, flows upwards in the cooling chamber and finally leaves the cooling chamber through the cooling gas outlet 5; the cooling gas can cool the high-temperature sponge iron at 800-1000 ℃ to the temperature ranging from 100 ℃ to 350 ℃ through direct reverse heat exchange between the cooling gas and the sponge iron.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber is formed by enclosing cooling chamber walls, regenerative chamber walls, sealing walls and furnace protecting iron pieces of a discharge port at two sides, wherein the top of the cooling chamber is communicated with a reduction chamber; the cooling chamber wall is characterized in that cooling gas channels are respectively arranged on the cooling chamber walls on two sides, the cooling gas channels are uniformly arranged along the height direction of the cooling chamber, each cooling gas channel is uniformly provided with a plurality of cooling gas outlets or cooling gas inlets along the length direction of the cooling chamber, the cooling gas outlets and the cooling gas inlets are respectively communicated with the inner space of the cooling chamber, and the opening directions of the cooling gas outlets and the cooling gas inlets are all oriented obliquely downwards towards the inner side of the cooling chamber; the cooling gas inlet and the cooling gas outlet are oppositely arranged; namely, cooling gas inlets are formed in the cooling gas channels in the cooling chamber wall at one side, and cooling gas outlets are formed in the cooling gas channels in the cooling chamber wall at the other side; or, the cooling gas channels at the lower parts of the cooling chamber walls at the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas inlet, and the cooling gas channels at the upper parts of the cooling chamber walls at the two sides are respectively provided with a cooling gas outlet; the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber is matched with the width of the lower opening of the reducing chamber, and the width of the lower opening of the cooling chamber is larger than the width of the upper opening of the cooling chamber.
2. A highly efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber according to claim 1 characterized in that the cooling gas channel is built of refractory bricks or is composed of stainless steel tubes penetrating in refractory bricks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711348676.XA CN107937652B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber |
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| CN201711348676.XA CN107937652B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Efficient vertical furnace cooling chamber |
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| CN107937652A CN107937652A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107937652B true CN107937652B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1034457A (en) * | 1961-12-27 | 1966-06-29 | Friedrich Siemens Industrieofe | Improvements in or relating to shaft furnaces |
| US3401465A (en) * | 1966-12-23 | 1968-09-17 | Nat Lead Co | Means for cooling solid particulate materials with fluids |
| US4032123A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1977-06-28 | Armco Steel Corporation | Shaft furnace for direct reduction of ores |
| DE3130582A1 (en) * | 1981-08-01 | 1983-02-17 | Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING HOT PACKAGE |
| CN1360060A (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2002-07-24 | 苏亚杰 | Process and equipment for producing sponge iron from cold agglomerated carbon-containing iron pellet |
| CN101538632B (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2011-04-20 | 丁家伟 | Preparation process and device of sponge iron |
| CN103667687B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-10-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | The method that the anti-pelletizing high temperature reduction of process high-phosphor oolitic hematite shaft furnace coheres |
| CN106802088B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2022-12-13 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | External cooling device and method for thermal state direct reduction iron furnace |
| CN206616247U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉科思瑞迪科技有限公司 | A kind of molten iron production device |
| CN207738791U (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-08-17 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | A kind of efficient upright furnace cooling chamber |
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