CN107926671B - Suspended ecological submerged plant planting method - Google Patents
Suspended ecological submerged plant planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926671B CN107926671B CN201711236523.6A CN201711236523A CN107926671B CN 107926671 B CN107926671 B CN 107926671B CN 201711236523 A CN201711236523 A CN 201711236523A CN 107926671 B CN107926671 B CN 107926671B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting submerged plants in a suspended ecological manner, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting submerged plants which are easy to survive to transplant or transplanting submerged plant grass seedlings after the submerged plant grass seedlings grow in a planting base; (2) manufacturing a net bed for transplanting submerged plants, and hanging the net bed on a bank of a hard river channel; (3) transplanting the submerged plant in the step (1) to a net bed with a matrix. The invention adopts non-woven fabrics or spun silk as the material of the net bed, and quartz sand or ceramsite as the planting substrate of the submerged plant, so that the environment for rooting after rooting is good, and the plant growth is easy; the method for planting the submerged plants in the hanging mode can plant the submerged plants on the bank of the hard river channel by planting the submerged plants in the net bed, and the submerged plants can survive and have higher survival rate, and meanwhile, the planting mode can also be well suitable for the urban slow-flow river channel; in addition, the repairing effect of the suspension mode on the ecological system is not obviously different from that of the traditional aquatic plant planting mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic weed planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting submerged plants in a suspension type ecological mode.
Background
The aquatic weed can be used as bait for aquatic animals such as fish, shrimp, crab, etc., and also as attachment of fish egg and concealment of shrimp and crab during shelling, and has kinetic energy for regulating water area ecology. At present, most of urban rivers are provided with ships, aquatic plants cannot be planted in large areas in the riverways to recover the ecological systems of the riverways, and good ecological environments are maintained, so that the vacant areas, on two sides of riverway embankments, of which submerged plants cannot be planted, are important areas for ecological restoration of the riverways. However, modern riverways are mostly designed by hard embankments, and aquatic plants on the bank lack suitable habitat for survival due to the structures and materials of the riverways, so the suspended ecological system aquatic plant growing technology is suitable for the riverways.
Chinese patent CN101015268A discloses a method for planting submerged plants in lakes, which adopts the following process steps: selecting the types of the aquatic weeds: selecting aquatic weed species which can survive without roots, grow plants and germinate early; manufacturing a seedbed device: manufacturing a frame type mesh platform; transplanting aquatic weeds: planting the aquatic weeds into the seedbed device; fixing the transplanted aquatic weeds by using a seedbed device: seedbed device management: adjusting the position of the seedbed; the aquatic weeds expand to the periphery to form a new community; and moving the seedbed to a peripheral grass-free area for continuous growth and extension after the fixing piles are removed. The method for planting the submerged plants in the lake can be used for planting the submerged plants in a water area with the water depth of 1.5-2.0 meters and the transparency of less than 50 centimeters; the submerged plants planted by the method can survive for a long time, and the improvement and the stability of the ecological environment of the water area are facilitated. The method is only suitable for the bottom of the planted lake, and the submerged plant can grow on the vertical height and is not suitable for growing on a hard river bank with a certain gradient.
The present application has been made in view of the above reasons.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for planting submerged plants in a suspended ecological manner, which enables the submerged plants to grow on the bank of a hard river and plays an important role in maintaining the ecological system in the river.
The invention aims to provide a method for planting submerged plants in a suspended ecological manner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting submerged plants which are easy to survive to transplant or transplanting submerged plant grass seedlings after the submerged plant grass seedlings grow in a planting base;
(2) manufacturing a net bed for transplanting submerged plants, and hanging the net bed on a bank of a hard river channel;
(3) transplanting the submerged plant in the step (1) to a net bed with a matrix.
The transplanting in the step (1) is directly carried out from other river channels or companies specially planting submerged plants. The submerged plant grass seedlings grow for a period of time in a planting base and can be transplanted when nitrogen and phosphorus can be absorbed well.
Further, the submerged plant is a submerged plant easy to root
Further, the submerged plant is tape grass or peltate grass.
Further, the substrate in the step (3) is ceramsite or quartz sand.
The invention adopts the porcelain granules or the quartz sand, is easier for the submerged plants to root and reduces the pollution to the water environment compared with the soil.
Further, the mesh bed in the step (2) is made of non-woven fabrics or spun yarns.
This application adopts non-woven fabrics or spun silk because mainly utilize its better water permeability to and can keep out partial water conservancy factor, non-woven fabrics or spun silk can provide the place for the growth of microorganism in addition, also have important effect to purifying water.
Further, the suspension in the step (2) is vertical suspension or wall-attached suspension.
The net bed vertically suspended for planting submerged plants is taken as a whole, piles are driven on the shore, and the whole net bed is tied on the piles; the adherent suspension is a plurality of independent meshes of the net bed, and the net bed is fixed on the bank of the hard river channel through a cable.
The method for planting the submerged plants in the hanging mode can plant the submerged plants on the bank of the hard river channel through planting the submerged plants in the non-woven fabric or the spun silk screen cloth, the submerged plants can survive, the survival rate is high, and meanwhile the planting mode can also be well suitable for the urban slow-flow river channel.
Furthermore, the vertically suspended net bed is composed of a plurality of net holes,
furthermore, the meshes are cubic or cuboid,
furthermore, the height of the meshes is set according to the height of the planted plants, and quartz sand or ceramsite materials for the growth of the submerged plants are paved at the bottoms of the meshes.
The quartz sand or ceramsite material is selected as the planting matrix of the submerged plants, the roots of the submerged plants are rooted well, the plants grow easily, meanwhile, the planting mode can better deal with and alleviate the growth of the riverway, and in addition, the planting height of the submerged plants can be adjusted according to the continuous reduction of the transparency of the water body of the riverway.
Further, the openings of the meshes are fixed through PVC pipes.
The opening in this application mesh adopts the PVC pipe fixed to increase in order to prevent submerged plant biomass, and non-woven fabrics or spun silk material can't support submerged plant's continuation to grow.
Furthermore, the net bed hung on the wall is composed of a plurality of meshes and is fixed on the bank of the hard river channel through a cable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts non-woven fabrics or spun silk as the net bed material, and quartz sand or ceramsite material as the submerged plant planting substrate, so that the rooting environment is good, and the plant growth is easy;
(2) the method for planting the submerged plants in the hanging mode can plant the submerged plants in the mesh cloth, so that the submerged plants can be planted on the bank of the hard river channel and can survive, the survival rate is high, and meanwhile, the planting mode can also be well suitable for the urban slow-flow river channel;
(3) the adoption mode of hanging is planted the submerged plant and can carry out the restoration of river course ecosystem to the vacant area that can't plant the submerged plant on stereoplasm river bank both sides, and this kind of ecosystem's restoration effect does not have obvious difference with traditional pasture and water planting mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of: this application hangs net bed sample local structure sketch map perpendicularly.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a partial structure diagram of a vertical suspension net bed sample in the application.
Example 1
The vertical suspension planting method of the tape grass comprises the following steps:
(1) transplanting the sowthistle grass seedlings to a planting ground for growing, and transplanting when the sowthistle grass after growing has higher capability of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus;
(2) manufacturing a net bed required by growing the tape grass on a river bank, wherein the net bed is made of non-woven fabrics and is vertically hung on two sides of the hard river bank, the net bed consists of a plurality of meshes, the meshes are cubes, the openings of the meshes are squares of 20cm multiplied by 20cm, the opening of each mesh is fixed through a PVC pipe, the heights of the meshes are set according to the specific height of the tape grass, and quartz sand for the tape grass to grow is paved at the bottoms of the meshes;
(3) transplanting the tape grass grown on the planting ground into each mesh hole on the net bed.
Example 2
The adherent suspension planting method of the tape grass comprises the following steps:
(1) transplanting the mature tape grass growing in the planting base;
(2) manufacturing a net bed required by growing the tape grass on a riverway bank, wherein the net bed consists of a plurality of meshes made of spun silk, the meshes are fixed on two sides of a hard bank through cables, ceramsite for the tape grass to grow is paved at the bottoms of the meshes, and the depth of the meshes under water can be adjusted according to the requirement of tape grass growth through manually operating the cables;
(3) transplanting the tape grass grown on the planting ground into each mesh hole on the net bed.
Example 3
The vertical suspension planting method of the peltate grass comprises the following steps:
(1) transplanting the peltate grass seedlings to a planting ground for growing, and transplanting when the grown peltate grass has higher capacity of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus;
(2) manufacturing a net bed required by growth of the peltate grass on a river bank, wherein the net bed is made of non-woven fabrics and is vertically hung on two sides of the hard river bank, the net bed consists of a plurality of meshes, the meshes are cubes, the openings of the meshes are squares of 20cm multiplied by 20cm, the opening of each mesh is fixed through a PVC pipe, the heights of the meshes are set according to the specific height of the growth of the peltate grass, and gravels in the river for the growth of the peltate grass are paved at the bottoms of the meshes;
(3) transplanting the peltate grass into each mesh hole on the net bed.
Example 4
An adherent suspension planting method of peltate grass comprises the following steps:
(1) transplanting mature water peltate grass growing in the planting base;
(2) manufacturing a net bed required by the growth of the peltate grass on a river bank, wherein the net bed consists of a plurality of meshes made of non-woven fabrics, the meshes are fixed on two sides of a hard bank through cables, gravel in the river for the growth of the peltate grass is paved at the bottoms of the meshes, and the underwater depth of the meshes can be adjusted according to the growth requirement of the peltate grass by manually operating the cables;
(3) transplanting the peltate grass into each mesh hole on the net bed.
Test example 1
The planting method of submerged plants has the effect of repairing an ecosystem in a river channel
In the experimental example, the growth environment of the submerged plant on the hard river bank is simulated in a laboratory for evaluation.
1. Selecting a water tank (1400L) with the model number of 170 multiplied by 130 multiplied by 73 as an area for planting submerged plants, namely a simulated hard riverway bank, and filling water in the water tank into a riverway in Shanghai ocean university schools;
2. by NH4Cl、KNO3、KH2PO4Preparing a solution, simulating the index of nitrogen and phosphorus in the river, adding the prepared solution into the water tank, observing the change of the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water in the simulated river after 10 days when the solution is planted in the water tank by adopting the submerged plant planting method in the embodiment 1 of the invention, and obtaining the result shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
From the table above, the method for planting the submerged plants in the suspended mode has obvious effect on repairing the ecological system of water in the river channel, and the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus is good, so that the planting method of the submerged plants has good effect on repairing and maintaining good ecological environment.
The above samples were also made for other examples, and the results were substantially identical to the above results, which are not listed due to space limitations.
Test sample 1: tape grass planted by the method of the application example 1
Control sample 1: the method of CN101015268A for example 1 is adopted to plant herba Swertiae Dilutae
The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and active phosphorus after 10 days are calculated, and the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2
It can be seen from table 2 that the method for planting submerged plant in suspended ecology of this application is little different to current traditional planting in restoring river ecological system, demonstrates that the method for planting submerged plant in suspended ecology of this application is suitable for planting at the stereoplasm river bank, has important effect to river ecological remediation.
The above samples were also made for other examples, and the results were substantially identical to the above results, which are not listed due to space limitations.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for planting submerged plants in a suspended ecological manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting submerged plants which are easy to survive to transplant or transplanting submerged plant grass seedlings after the submerged plant grass seedlings grow in a planting base;
(2) making a net bed for transplanting submerged plants, vertically hanging the net bed on a bank of a hard river channel, wherein the net bed is made of non-woven fabrics or spun silk;
(3) transplanting the submerged plant in the step (1) to a net bed with a substrate, wherein the substrate is quartz sand;
wherein the submerged plant is tape grass or peltate grass.
2. A suspended ecological method for planting submerged plants according to claim 1, wherein the vertically suspended net bed is composed of a plurality of net holes.
3. The method for suspended ecological planting of submerged plants according to claim 2, wherein the mesh is a cube or a cuboid.
4. A suspended ecological method for planting submerged plants according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the height of the mesh is set according to the height of the plants to be planted, and the bottom of the mesh is paved with quartz sand for the submerged plants to grow.
5. The method for suspended ecological planting of submerged plants according to claim 4, wherein the openings of each mesh are fixed by PVC pipes.
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| CN201711236523.6A CN107926671B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Suspended ecological submerged plant planting method |
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| CN201711236523.6A CN107926671B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Suspended ecological submerged plant planting method |
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| CN107926671A CN107926671A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107926671B true CN107926671B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| CN108552045A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-21 | 环境保护部环境规划院 | A method of the system and improvement Water quality of guiding submerged vegetation |
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| CN201195703Y (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-02-18 | 中山大学 | Ecological floating bed for tidal river |
| CN102550260A (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2012-07-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Method of ecological construction of upright revetment-type lakeside zone |
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| CN201777934U (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2011-03-30 | 上海海洋大学 | Continuous adjustable submerged plant planting net bed |
| CN201999795U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-10-05 | 上海海洋大学 | Continuous sedimentation type ecological meshed bed for submerged plants |
| CN103609423B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-06-24 | 湖北工业大学 | Method for cage cultivation of myriophyllum spicatum |
| CN203855455U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-10-01 | 湖北师范学院 | Submerged plant growing device |
| CN105016471A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-11-04 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Ecological floating island |
| CN107055802A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-18 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of ecological reestablishment that submerged plant is applied to Low-salinity seawater |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201195703Y (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-02-18 | 中山大学 | Ecological floating bed for tidal river |
| CN102550260A (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2012-07-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Method of ecological construction of upright revetment-type lakeside zone |
| CN203333382U (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-12-11 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Stereo suspension device for purifying pond water using mussels |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 种植方式对沉水植物生态修复效果的影响;吴建勇等;《湿地科学》;20151031;第13卷(第5期);第602-608页 * |
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