CN107923460A - 盘式制动器 - Google Patents
盘式制动器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107923460A CN107923460A CN201680049603.8A CN201680049603A CN107923460A CN 107923460 A CN107923460 A CN 107923460A CN 201680049603 A CN201680049603 A CN 201680049603A CN 107923460 A CN107923460 A CN 107923460A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/28—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged apart from the brake
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
- B60T13/588—Combined or convertible systems both fluid and mechanical assistance or drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
- F16C1/10—Means for transmitting linear movement in a flexible sheathing, e.g. "Bowden-mechanisms"
- F16C1/12—Arrangements for transmitting movement to or from the flexible member
- F16C1/18—Arrangements for transmitting movement to or from the flexible member in which the end portion of the flexible member is laid along a curved surface of a pivoted member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
- F16D65/183—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with force-transmitting members arranged side by side acting on a spot type force-applying member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
- F16D2055/0008—Brake supports
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
- F16D2055/0016—Brake calipers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/14—Mechanical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/22—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/28—Cams; Levers with cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/58—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
- F16D2125/60—Cables or chains, e.g. Bowden cables
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2131/00—Overall arrangement of the actuators or their elements, e.g. modular construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
- F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
- F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/005—Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
- F16D65/0068—Brake calipers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/005—Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
- F16D65/0087—Brake housing guide members, e.g. caliper pins; Accessories therefor, e.g. dust boots
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Abstract
本发明提供一种盘式制动器。该盘式制动器具有:支架(11),其能够滑动地支承配置于制动盘(20)两侧的一对衬垫(12);制动钳(13),其支承于支架(11),使活塞能够滑动地嵌合于有底筒状的缸体(35)缸膛,并且通过活塞的移动,使一对衬垫(12)与制动盘(20)接触;按压机构(81),其从缸体(35)的底部(51)突出,在活塞的移动方向产生按压力;缆线(16),其与制动钳(13)卡合,应用在按压机构的工作中。制动钳(13)相对于支架(11)的旋转的中心(O)位于制动钳(13)受到的缆线(16)欲恢复为直线状的弹力(F)的指向方向上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及盘式制动器。
本申请基于2015年8月31日在日本提交的特愿2015-171520号专利申请主张优先权,其内容引用于此。
背景技术
盘式制动器具有一种结构,即,制动缆线的一部分收纳于壳体内,该壳体的弯曲部分为了阻止缆线的弯曲引起的恢复原状而由具有刚性的材料形成(例如参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:(日本)特开2007-255597号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
上述壳体阻止弯曲的缆线恢复原状。由此,能够抑制由于缆线的弹力而使制动钳相对于制动盘倾斜。但是,如果壳体具有可对抗缆线的弹力的刚性,则重量可能会增大。
本发明提供一种能够抑制重量增大、并且抑制制动钳相对于制动盘倾斜的盘式制动器。
用于解决技术问题的技术方案
根据本发明,盘式制动器具有:支架,其能够滑动地支承配置于制动盘两侧的一对衬垫;制动钳,其支承于所述支架,使活塞能够滑动地嵌合于有底筒状的缸体的缸膛,并且通过所述活塞的移动,使所述一对衬垫与所述制动盘接触;按压机构,其从所述缸体的底部突出,在所述活塞的移动方向产生按压力;缆线,其与所述制动钳卡合,应用在所述按压机构的工作中。构成为所述制动钳相对于所述支架的旋转的中心位于所述制动钳受到的所述缆线欲恢复为直线状的弹力的指向方向上。
发明的效果
通过上述盘式制动器,能够抑制重量增大,并且能够抑制制动钳相对于制动盘倾斜。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的盘式制动器的俯视图。
图2是表示本发明的第一实施方式的盘式制动器的侧剖视图。
图3A是表示本发明的第一实施方式的盘式制动器的托架、操作线、以及缆线的俯视图。
图3B是表示第一实施方式的盘式制动器的托架、操作线、以及缆线的侧剖视图。
图4是表示本发明的第二实施方式的盘式制动器的俯视图。
图5是表示本发明的第三实施方式的盘式制动器的俯视图。
具体实施方式
[第一实施方式]
下面,参照图1~图3B,针对第一实施方式进行说明。图1所示的第一实施方式的盘式制动器10具有:支架11、一对摩擦衬垫12(衬垫)、制动钳13、停车制动用操作线15、以及停车制动用缆线16。
如图1所示,支架11跨着与作为制动目标的未图示的车轮一起旋转的制动盘20的外径侧进行配置。支架11固定在未图示的车辆的非旋转部。一对摩擦衬垫12以对置配置在制动盘20两面的状态,在制动盘20的轴向上能够滑动地支承于支架11。制动钳13以跨着制动盘20外径侧的状态,在制动盘20的轴向上能够滑动地支承于支架11。制动钳13使一对摩擦衬垫12与制动盘20接触并按压,由此向制动盘20施加摩擦阻力。需要说明的是,在下面,将制动盘20的径向称为制动盘径向,将制动盘20的轴向称为制动盘轴向,将制动盘20的旋转方向称为制动盘旋转方向。
支架11具有:内侧衬垫支承部24、外侧衬垫支承部25、以及一对连结部26。内侧衬垫支承部24经由一对衬垫导板23,能够滑动地支承处于车宽方向内侧的内侧摩擦衬垫12的制动盘旋转方向两侧。外侧衬垫支承部25经由一对衬垫导板23,能够滑动地支承处于车宽方向外侧的外侧摩擦衬垫12。一对连结部26在制动盘旋转方向上分离并在制动盘轴向上延伸,将内侧衬垫支承部24与外侧衬垫支承部25连结。一对连结部26跨着制动盘20的外径侧进行配置。
在支架11上,在处于制动盘旋转方向的两端中的制动盘径向外侧的一对连结部26上,沿制动盘轴向从内侧穿设一对导孔29。即,在一个连结部26穿设一个导孔29,在另一个连结部26穿设另一个导孔29。在一对导孔29内,以在制动盘轴向上可滑动的方式,分别从内侧能够滑动地插嵌有制动钳13的一对滑动销30。即,在一个导孔29中插嵌有一个滑动销30,在另一个导孔29中插嵌有另一个滑动销30。通过将一对滑动销30插嵌于一对导孔29中,具有一对滑动销30的制动钳13能够滑动地支承在具有一对导孔29的支架11上。一对滑动销30的制动钳13与支架11之间的部分由可伸缩的一对保护套31覆盖。
制动钳13具有以跨着制动盘20的状态,经由滑动销30而支承于支架11的制动钳主体34。该制动钳主体34具有:缸体35、桥接部36、爪部37、一对腕部38、以及托架安装部39。关于制动钳13的制动钳主体34,在制动盘20的轴向一侧配置有缸体35,在制动盘20的轴向另一侧配置有爪部37,跨着制动盘20而设有将爪部37与缸体35连接的桥接部36。制动钳13是所谓的拳式制动钳。上述一对滑动销30沿着制动盘轴向且向爪部37侧突出而固定于一对腕部38。一对滑动销30由从内侧螺合的一对螺栓41固定于一对腕部38。
如图2所示,制动钳主体34的缸体35形成为有底筒状,具有筒状的缸体筒部50与将缸体筒部50的轴向一端闭塞的缸体底部51。缸体35中缸体开口部52与内侧的摩擦衬垫12对置。在此,将缸体筒部50的内周面及底面称为缸膛55。在制动钳主体34的缸体底部51形成有剖面为圆形状的凸轮孔56,该凸轮孔56与缸膛55的底面分离,沿着相对于缸体35的轴向正交的方向。另外,在缸体底部51形成有沿缸体35的轴向、从底面的中央位置至凸轮孔56贯通的底部孔57。
在制动钳主体34的缸体筒部50的缸膛55内周的缸体底部51最底侧形成有内部位置孔58。在该内部位置孔58的缸体开口部52侧形成有直径大于内部位置孔58的大径的滑动孔59。在该滑动孔59的与内部位置孔58相反一侧的端部附近保持有对后面叙述的活塞72与缸体35之间进行密封的活塞密封圈60。在缸体筒部50的内部位置孔58的内周面形成有向其径向凹陷、并在轴向上延伸的凹部形状的轴向槽64。
制动钳13具有形成为盖筒状的活塞72,该活塞72具有圆筒状筒部70、及圆板状盖部71。活塞72以筒部70侧面向缸体底部51侧的姿势,收纳在形成于制动钳主体34的缸体35的缸膛55内。具体而言,活塞72能够滑动地嵌合于缸膛55的滑动孔59中。
制动钳13在缸体35的缸体开口部52侧的内周部与活塞72的盖部71侧的外周部之间具有在外侧覆盖活塞72与缸体35的缸膛55之间的间隙的可伸缩的保护套73。
制动钳13利用导入缸体35与活塞72之间的制动液压,使能够滑动地与缸膛55嵌合的活塞72在缸体35的滑动孔59内滑动,使之从缸体35向摩擦衬垫12的方向移动。通过该活塞72的移动,制动钳13通过活塞72和爪部37从两侧把持一对摩擦衬垫12,由此,使上述摩擦衬垫12与圆板状的制动盘20接触。
在通过对制动踏板的踩踏操作而进行普通制动时,利用从未图示的主缸向缸体35内导入的制动液压,如上所述活塞72在缸体35内滑动,从缸体35向爪部37的方向突出。由此,使一对摩擦衬垫12与制动盘20接触而产生制动力。另一方面,制动钳13具有按压机构81,该按压机构81将设置于制动钳13内的活塞72机械性地推进,而非利用上述制动液压,由此,使一对摩擦衬垫12向制动盘20按压,从而产生制动力。也就是说,制动钳13是停车制动器内置的内置制动钳。
按压机构81具有收纳于缸体35内的凸轮机构82。该凸轮机构82具有:与上述制动钳主体34的凸轮孔56嵌合的圆弧状轴承83、以及经由该轴承83而可旋转地支承于凸轮孔56的大致圆柱状的凸轮主体84。在凸轮主体84形成有从径向的外周面向中心方向凹陷为大致V形的凸轮凹部85。该凸轮凹部85最凹陷的位置相对于凸轮主体84的中心轴线偏置。
凸轮机构82具有一端侧***凸轮凹部85且另一端侧配置于底部孔57内的凸轮杆88。凸轮主体84绕着沿缸体35的轴正交方向的轴线被旋转驱动时,该凸轮杆88由于凸轮凹部85的形状而改变从凸轮主体84的突出量。也就是说,凸轮凹部85的底部相对于凸轮主体84的中心偏置,由此,当凸轮主体84旋转时,其底部的位置相对于底部孔57进退,从而使与底部抵接的凸轮杆88的突出量发生变化。在此,凸轮主体84从缸体35的缸体底部51突出一部分。凸轮机构82具有固定于该突出部分的图1所示的杆部件89。在杆部件89旋转驱动时,凸轮主体84与杆部件89一体地进行旋转。
如图2所示,按压机构81具有直线运动传递机构90,该直线运动传递机构90收纳于缸体35内、并由凸轮机构82的凸轮杆88进行按压、在缸35的轴向上移动。直线运动传递机构90具有:推杆91、离合器部件92、进行上述推杆91与离合器部件92的位置调整的调整部93、盖体部件95、以及推杆施力弹簧96。直线运动传递机构90的盖体部件95由C字状的止动环97卡止于缸体35,限制其向缸体开口部52的方向移动。
推杆91具有螺丝轴部100、以及大致圆板状的凸缘部101。在凸缘部101的外周部一体地形成有向其径向外侧突出的凸部102。该凸部102嵌合在缸体筒部50的内部位置孔58的轴向槽64中。由此,推杆91相对于缸体35的旋转被限制。离合器部件92具有与推杆91的螺丝轴部100螺合的内螺纹105。
按压机构81使包含杆部件89的凸轮机构82进行旋转运动,由此,利用凸轮杆88按压直线运动传递机构90的推杆91。通过该按压,离合器部件92在轴向上进行直线运动,按压活塞72,强制使活塞72相对于缸体35向摩擦衬垫12侧滑动。也就是说,杆部件89从缸体底部51突出,通过对杆部件89的旋转输入,按压机构81在活塞72的移动方向上产生按压力。调整部93根据一对摩擦衬垫12的磨损,调整推杆91的螺丝轴部100与离合器部件92的内螺纹105的螺合量。
如图1所示,制动钳13具有固定在制动钳主体34的托架安装部39上的托架110。托架110将缆线16向停车制动机构引导。托架110的一端侧具有固定于托架安装部39的安装基部111,另一端侧具有将缆线16的末端的连结部120支承的缆线支承部112。托架110具有对内包于缆线16、并从缆线16的末端延伸的操作线15进行引导的线引导部113。线引导部113设置在安装基部111与缆线支承部112之间。
在缆线支承部112形成朝线引导部113相反方向开口的卡止槽115。如图3B所示,线引导部113形成为圆弧状,在其径向外侧形成有引导槽116,以连接缆线支承部112与安装基部111。
如图3B所示,在缆线16的末端的连结部120设有一对凸缘部121。在一对凸缘部121之间设有直径小于上述凸缘部的***部122。***部122从与线引导部113相反的一侧***卡止槽115。此时,缆线支承部112在一对凸缘部121之间保持。在此,缆线16在自然状态下形成为直线状,当施加外力时,则产生弹性变形而弯曲。如图1所示,在缆线16的连结部120之前,由于缆线在车辆上的布置而产生弯曲部124。包含该弯曲部124的缆线16及操作线15的弹力F将末端的连结部120向卡止槽115的线引导部113侧的端部按压。由此,缆线16的连结部120卡合在制动钳13的托架110上,将缆线16及操作线15的弹力F从托架110向制动钳主体34作为按压力传递。托架110是输入有制动钳13中的缆线16及操作线15的弹力F的弹力输入部件。另外,托架110是将缆线16及操作线15的弹力F向制动钳主体34传递的弹力传递部件。
如图3A、图3B所示,在形成于线引导部113的引导槽116中,卡合有从缆线16的末端延伸的操作线15。如图1所示,操作线15的末端与按压机构81的杆部件89连结。
操作线15利用未图示的停车制动机构(用于手动操作的停车制动杆、用来踩踏操作的停车制动踏板、马达驱动等构成的电动缆线牵引器等),向减少相对于缆线16的延伸量的方向被牵引。当操作线15相对于缆线16被牵引时,按压机构81的杆部件89进行旋转,杆部件89与图2所示的凸轮主体84一体地旋转。这样,凸轮主体84经由凸轮杆88按压推杆91。通过该推杆91的按压,离合器部件92在轴向上进行直线运动,按压活塞72,强制使活塞72相对于缸体35向摩擦衬垫12侧滑动。其结果是,活塞72与爪部37将一对摩擦衬垫12向制动盘20按压,产生制动力。图1所示的缆线16及操作线15使按压机构81工作。
制动钳13因为一对滑动销30能够滑动地嵌合于支架11的一对导孔29中,所以,在一对滑动销30与一对导孔29之间具有间隙。如图1所示,在沿着通过制动钳13的宽度方向的中央位置且与制动盘20的中心轴线正交的线,从制动盘径向外侧进行观察时(以下称为俯视制动钳),制动钳13由于上述间隙而能够相对于支架11,以重心O为旋转中心进行旋转。并且,制动钳13受到来自缆线16及操作线15的弹力,由此,根据弹力的方向而以重心O为旋转中心进行旋转。也就是说,重心O是制动钳13基于弹力而相对于支架11进行旋转时的旋转中心。在此,换言之,制动钳13的宽度方向的中央位置是一对滑动销30之间的中央位置,是缸体35及活塞72的中心轴线的位置。制动钳13在以重心O为旋转中心进行旋转时,俯视制动钳,缸体35及活塞72的中心轴线相对于制动盘20的中心轴线一致或者倾斜。
俯视制动钳时,托架110承受弹力F,使以制动钳13的重心O、即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于弹力F的指向方向的前方。换言之,该盘式制动器10中,在俯视制动钳时,在制动钳13受到的缆线16及操作线15欲恢复为直线状的弹力F的指向方向的前方配置有制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。
具体而言,在俯视制动钳时,托架110承受弹力F,使以制动钳13的重心O、即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于从弹力F的基端位置向弹力F的指向方向侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置延伸的朝向弹力F的指向方向前方的指向线形成的夹角α分别在30度以内。在俯视制动钳时,优选地,托架110承受弹力F,使朝向弹力F的指向方向前方的指向线通过制动钳13的重心O、即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。弹力F的基端位置是缆线16被在托架110形成的卡止槽115卡止的部位。
在专利文献1的盘式制动器中,制动缆线的一部分收纳于壳体内,该壳体的弯曲部分为了阻止弯曲的制动缆线恢复原状而由具有刚性的材料形成。由此,壳体通过阻止弯曲的制动缆线恢复原状,能够抑制因制动缆线的弹力引起的制动钳相对于支架的倾斜即相对于制动盘的倾斜。但是,为了得到可对抗制动缆线的弹力的刚性,壳体的重量将增大,成本将增高。特别是在缆线的整体发生了弯曲的情况下,必须提高壳体的广泛范围的刚性,使得重量及成本大幅增加。另外,由于刚性较高的壳体,在摩擦衬垫磨损时制动缆线难以跟随,妨碍缸体的位移,所以,使制动器的拖拽(引き摺り)增大,或者使制动力不稳定。
与此相对,第一实施方式的盘式制动器10中,在俯视制动钳时,在制动钳13受到的缆线16及操作线15欲恢复为直线状的弹力F的指向方向的前方配置制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心即重心O。因此,能够提高缆线16的弯曲部分的刚性,并且不需要添加其它的配件,来抑制由弹力F产生的力矩引起的制动钳13相对于支架11即制动盘20的倾斜。因此,能够抑制重量增大,并且抑制制动钳13相对于制动盘20的倾斜。而且,即使在多种车辆中车体构造及缆线布局不同,通过只改变托架110,也能够应对抑制制动钳13相对于制动盘20的倾斜。
在此,当缆线16及操作线15的弹力作用于制动钳13的制动钳主体34时,力矩作用在因该弹力而与制动钳主体34一体发生位移的活塞72和一对摩擦衬垫12上。特别在制动钳13内的液压较低时,由于该力矩,使制动钳主体34、活塞72及一对摩擦衬垫12相对于制动盘20倾斜,使表面压力在一对摩擦衬垫12与制动盘20之间发生不均匀。这助长摩擦力变化,产生称为呻吟(モーン音)的异常声音。如上所述,第一实施方式的盘式制动器10能够抑制因弹力F产生的制动钳13相对于支架11即制动盘20的倾斜,所以,能够抑制上述称为呻吟的异常声音的产生。
另外,第一实施方式的盘式制动器10中,在俯视制动钳时,托架110承受弹力F,使制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于从弹力F的基端位置向弹力F的指向方向侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置延伸的朝向弹力F的指向方向前方的指向线形成的夹角α分别在30度以内。由此,尤其能够抑制异常声音的产生。当上述角度α在30度以内时,异常声音的产生频率在容许范围内。当上述角度α超过30度时,异常声音的产生频率超出容许范围。当上述角度范围是0度时,即在俯视制动钳时,托架110承受弹力F使朝向弹力F前方的指向线通过制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O时,异常声音的产生频率为最小值。
[第二实施方式]
接着,主要基于图4,以与第一实施方式不同的部分为中心说明第二实施方式。需要说明的是,针对与第一实施方式相同的部位使用相同的称呼、相同的标记进行表示。
第二实施方式的制动钳13具备托架110A,该托架110A具有一部分与第一实施方式不同的缆线支承部112A。在缆线支承部112A形成有朝相对于缆线支承部112A与线引导部113的排列方向正交的方向开口的卡止槽115A。
在第二实施方式中,由于缆线在车辆上的布置而在缆线16上产生弯曲部124A。包含该弯曲部124A的缆线16及操作线15的弹力FA将末端的连结部120向卡止槽115A的与线引导部113相反一侧的缘部按压。由此,缆线16与制动钳13的托架110A卡合,缆线16及操作线15的弹力FA作为拉力而从托架110A向制动钳主体34传递。托架110A是输入制动钳13中的缆线16及操作线15的弹力FA的弹力输入部件。另外,托架110A是将缆线16及操作线15的弹力FA向制动钳主体34传递的弹力传递部件。
在图4所示的俯视制动钳时,托架110A承受弹力FA,使制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于弹力FA的指向方向的后方。换言之,在俯视制动钳时,该盘式制动器10中,在制动钳13受到的缆线16及操作线15欲恢复为直线状的弹力FA的指向方向的后方配置有制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。
具体而言,在俯视制动钳时,托架110A承受弹力FA,使制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于从弹力FA的基端位置向弹力FA的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置向弹力FA的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的弹力F的指向线的延长线形成的夹角α分别在30度以内。在俯视制动钳时,优选地,托架110A承受弹力FA,使朝向弹力FA的指向线的指向方向的相反一侧的延长线通过制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。
根据上述第二实施方式的盘式制动器10,也能够起到与第一实施方式相同的效果。
[第三实施方式]
接着,主要基于图5,以与第一实施方式不同的部分为中心说明第三实施方式。需要说明的是,针对与第一实施方式相同的部位,使用相同的称呼、相同的标记进行表示。
第三实施方式的制动钳13具有一部分与第一实施方式不同的托架110B。托架110B具有从安装基部111弯曲并在制动钳主体34的托架安装部39固定的安装主体部131。
在第三实施方式中,由于缆线16在车辆的布置而在缆线16上产生弯曲部124B。包含该弯曲部124B的缆线16及操作线15的弹力FB将末端的连结部120向卡止槽115的线引导部113侧的端部按压。由此,缆线16与制动钳13的托架110B卡合,缆线16及操作线15的弹力FB作为按压力而从托架110B向制动钳主体34传递。托架110B是制动钳13中的输入有缆线16及操作线15的弹力FB的弹力输入部件。另外,托架110B是将缆线16及操作线15的弹力FB向制动钳主体34传递的弹力传递部件。
在俯视制动钳时,托架110B承受弹力FB,使制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于弹力FB的指向方向的前方。换言之,该盘式制动器10中,在俯视制动钳时,在制动钳13受到的缆线16及操作线15欲恢复为直线状的弹力FB的指向方向的前方配置有制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。
具体而言,在俯视制动钳时,托架110B承受弹力FB,使制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O位于从弹力FB的基端位置向弹力FB的指向方向侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置延伸的朝向弹力FB的指向方向前方的指向线形成的夹角α分别在30度以内。在俯视制动钳时,优选地,托架110B承受弹力FB,使朝向弹力FB的指向方向前方的指向线通过制动钳13的重心O即制动钳13相对于支架11的旋转的中心O。
根据上述第三实施方式的盘式制动器10,也能够起到与第一实施方式相同的效果。
在此,也可以根据缆线16及操作线15的弹力的方向,除了第三实施方式的托架110B的卡止槽115以外,还形成与第二实施方式的卡止槽115A相同的卡止槽,使缆线16及操作线15的弹力将末端的连结部120向卡止槽的与线引导部113相反一侧的端缘部按压。在该情况下,只要弹力的指向方向满足与第二实施方式相同的关系,也能够起到与第一实施方式相同的效果。
作为基于以上说明的实施方式的盘式制动器,例如,可以考虑如下所述的方式。
作为第一方式,盘式制动器具有:支架,其能够滑动地支承配置在制动盘两侧的一对衬垫;制动钳,其支承于所述支架,使活塞能够滑动地嵌合于有底筒状的缸体的缸膛,并且通过所述活塞的移动,使所述一对衬垫与所述制动盘接触;按压机构,其从所述缸体的底部突出,在所述活塞的移动方向产生按压力;缆线,其与所述制动钳卡合,应用在所述按压机构的工作中。所述制动钳相对于所述支架的旋转的中心配置在所述制动钳受到的所述缆线欲恢复为直线状的弹力的指向方向的前方或后方。由此,能够抑制重量增大,并且抑制制动钳相对于制动盘的倾斜。
作为第二方式,基于第一方式,所述旋转的中心位于从所述弹力的基端位置向该弹力的指向方向侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置延伸的所述弹力的指向线形成的夹角分别在30度以内。
作为第三方式,基于第一方式,所述旋转的中心位于从所述弹力的基端位置向该弹力的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置向所述弹力的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的所述弹力的指向线的延长线形成的夹角分别在30度以内。
作为第四方式,基于第二方式或者第三方式,所述制动钳具有固定于该制动钳、将所述缆线向停车制动机构引导的托架,所述基端位置是所述缆线被在所述托架形成的槽部卡止的部位。
工业实用性
根据上述盘式制动器,能够抑制重量增大,并且抑制制动钳相对于制动盘的倾斜。
附图标记说明
10盘式制动器;11支架;12摩擦衬垫(衬垫);13制动钳;15操作线;16缆线;20制动盘;35缸体;51缸体底部;55缸膛;72活塞;81按压力产生机构;110、110A、110B托架;O重心(旋转的中心);F、FA、FB弹力。
Claims (4)
1.一种盘式制动器,其特征在于,具有:
支架,其能够滑动地支承配置于制动盘两侧的一对衬垫;
制动钳,其支承于所述支架,使活塞能够滑动地嵌合于有底筒状的缸体的缸膛,并且通过所述活塞的移动,使所述一对衬垫与所述制动盘接触;
按压机构,其从所述缸体的底部突出,在所述活塞的移动方向产生按压力;
缆线,其与所述制动钳卡合,应用在所述按压机构的工作中;
构成为所述制动钳相对于所述支架的旋转的中心位于所述制动钳受到的所述缆线欲恢复为直线状的弹力的指向方向上。
2.如权利要求1所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,
所述旋转的中心位于从所述弹力的基端位置向该弹力的指向方向侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置延伸的所述弹力的指向线形成的夹角分别在30度以内。
3.如权利要求1所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,
所述旋转的中心位于从所述弹力的基端位置向该弹力的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的两条直线之间的范围,该两条直线与从所述基端位置向所述弹力的指向方向的相反一侧延伸的所述弹力的指向线的延长线形成的夹角分别在30度以内。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,
所述制动钳具有固定于所述制动钳、将所述缆线向停车制动机构引导的托架,
所述基端位置是所述缆线被在所述托架上形成的槽部卡止的部位。
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JP2015-171520 | 2015-08-31 | ||
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PCT/JP2016/070790 WO2017038263A1 (ja) | 2015-08-31 | 2016-07-14 | ディスクブレーキ |
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JP (1) | JP6421246B2 (zh) |
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CN112682442A (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-04-20 | 瀚德刹车片产品公司 | 盘式制动器和盘式制动器制造方法 |
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- 2016-07-14 US US15/747,553 patent/US20180216683A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2017038263A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
US20180216683A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
JP6421246B2 (ja) | 2018-11-07 |
DE112016003917T5 (de) | 2018-05-24 |
JPWO2017038263A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
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