CN107918171B - Large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting method - Google Patents

Large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting method Download PDF

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CN107918171B
CN107918171B CN201610887932.1A CN201610887932A CN107918171B CN 107918171 B CN107918171 B CN 107918171B CN 201610887932 A CN201610887932 A CN 201610887932A CN 107918171 B CN107918171 B CN 107918171B
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polarization maintaining
optical fiber
maintaining optical
clamp
cutting
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CN107918171A (en
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雷敏
***
姜永亮
史要涛
刘厚康
戴玉芬
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General Designing Institute of Hubei Space Technology Academy
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting method, which comprises the following steps: repeatedly cutting for many times, observing the end face cutting quality, and obtaining the optimal range of the cutting point angle area; judging the angle theta of the connecting line of the characteristic line of the end face and the optimal entry point and the circle center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, so that the optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber falls into the range of the optimal entry point angle area after the angle theta is rotated; and adjusting the clamping position of the polarization maintaining optical fiber through the rotation angle theta by using the first clamp and the second clamp, determining whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the cutting position of the optimal entry point, enabling the second clamp to be parallel to the first clamp and clamp the polarization maintaining optical fiber if the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the position, and horizontally placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into a cutting knife for cutting. Through utilizing terminal surface observation equipment and fiber clamp, the best access point of adjustment polarization maintaining fiber falls into the regional scope of best access point angle, realizes the cutting fast to polarization maintaining fiber in the regional scope of best access point angle, obtains high quality cutting terminal surface.

Description

Large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting, and particularly relates to a large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber cutting method.
Background
Generally, when a large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber (polarization maintaining optical fiber for short) is cut, the optical fiber is generally cut by utilizing the characteristic of a cleavage plane of optical fiber quartz glass, a diamond knife is used for generating a flaw on the surface of the optical fiber, and then tension is applied to the optical fiber, so that a smooth cut can be obtained. When optical fibers are welded, in order to effectively reduce welding loss, the end face of the optical fiber to be welded is a complete mirror surface, and especially when polarization maintaining optical fibers are welded, welding bubbles are easily caused by breakage of the end face. The stress polarization maintaining fiber is widely used at present, and mainly comprises a panda type, an elliptical cladding type and a bow tie type, wherein the panda type is the most commonly used polarization maintaining fiber in a fiber laser. The panda polarization maintaining optical fiber is manufactured by symmetrically drilling a non-polarization maintaining optical fiber perform, inserting a specially manufactured stress rod, and generating stress birefringence in the optical fiber by utilizing different thermal expansion coefficients of the stress rod and the perform material to obtain the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber. Due to the existence of the stress rod in the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the optimal entry point for applying stress and cutting the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the cutting blade during cutting has higher requirements, and high cutting quality is easily obtained only when the requirements are met. The traditional cutting method is that the polarization maintaining optical fiber is clamped into a clamp, the clamp is in a cuboid shape and comprises a clamp body provided with an optical fiber groove and a clamp cover, the optical fiber is placed into the optical fiber groove, the clamp cover tightly buckles the optical fiber, then the clamp is placed into an end face observation device, the position of a cutting point of a cutting blade for cutting the polarization maintaining optical fiber is recorded through an observation end face, cutting is carried out, then the clamp is placed into the end face observation device, and the quality condition of the end face is observed; then the optical fiber is dismounted and rotated, the rotated optical fiber is clamped into the clamp, the previous process is repeated for a plurality of times, often for dozens of times, the cut-in point position of the polarization maintaining optical fiber cut by the cutting blade with good cutting quality can be found, and the cutting process is time-consuming, labor-consuming and extremely low in efficiency.
The cutting quality of the optical fiber refers to the surface quality of the end face of the optical fiber prepared by cutting with a special tool, and is generally described by the end face angle and the end face flatness. The optical fiber end face angle refers to an included angle between a cut optical fiber end face and a face perpendicular to an optical fiber axis. The main factors that impair the flatness of the end faces are burrs and defects. If the end face angle is large or the end face is not flat, the cutting quality will be poor, and the optical fiber welding effect will be affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-mode-field polarization-maintaining optical fiber cutting method, which utilizes end face observation equipment and takes an optical fiber end face before cutting as a reference, adjusts the angle between the optimal cut-in point of a cutting blade with good cutting quality for cutting a polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the characteristic line between the connecting line of the circle center of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the end face to be in a proper range, realizes the cutting of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber in the proper angle range and obtains a high-quality cut end face.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for cutting a large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber, comprising the following steps:
step 1, cutting a large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber by using a cutting knife, determining an optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber cut by a cutting blade with good cutting quality by observing the cutting quality of an end face, and recording an angle between a connecting line of the optimal entry point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and a characteristic line of the end face observed on the end face on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining optical fiber; repeating the process for many times, cutting the large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber, observing the end face and recording the angle to obtain the optimal range of the angle area of the entry point;
step 2, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber with the coating layer removed by using a first clamp, putting the polarization maintaining optical fiber into an end face observation device, judging the angle theta value of a connecting line of a characteristic line of the end face and the optimal cut-in point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the optimal cut-in point angle area range in the step 1 by observing the end face, enabling the optimal cut-in point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber to fall into the optimal cut-in point angle area range after rotating the angle theta, and recording the angle theta value;
and 3, adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fiber to the cutting position of the optimal entry point by rotating the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the angle theta value, and then cutting.
Specifically, in step 1, the optimal entry point is located on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining fiber, for the panda polarization maintaining fiber, the characteristic line of the end face is the slow axis of the polarization maintaining fiber, and an angle θ between a line connecting the optimal entry point and the center of the polarization maintaining fiber and the slow axis of the polarization maintaining fiber observed on the end face is recorded.
Specifically, the optimal entry point angle area range in step 1 is determined according to different structures of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber is located in a range that two sides of the panda polarization maintaining fiber are not more than 45 degrees with the slow axis as a reference.
Preferably, the angle region range of the optimal entry point in the step 1 is determined according to different structures of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber with the diameter of 400 nanometers is located in the range that the two sides of the panda polarization maintaining fiber are not more than 20 degrees by taking the axis of the slow axis as a reference.
Specifically, the step 3 further includes the following steps:
step 31, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp by the deflection angle theta value of the second clamp;
step 32, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, adjusting the angle of the first clamp to enable the deflection angle theta value to be parallel to the second clamp, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the first clamp again, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the second clamp, placing the first clamp into the end face observation equipment again, confirming whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the cutting position of the optimal cutting point, if not, repeating the step 2 and the step 3, and if the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the position, taking the polarization maintaining optical fiber out of the end face observation equipment together with the first clamp;
step 33, making the second clamp parallel to the first clamp, and clamping the polarization maintaining fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp;
and step 34, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, and horizontally placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into a cutter along the direction of the second clamp for cutting.
Specifically, the position of a certain distance in step 31 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber is 10-100 mm.
Specifically, the position of a certain distance in the step 31 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the diameter of the panda polarization maintaining fiber with the diameter of 400 nanometers is 20-70 mm.
According to the invention, by using the end face observation equipment and the optical fiber clamp, before cutting, the optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber is cut by adjusting the cutting blade with good cutting quality by taking the optical fiber end face as a reference, so that the angle between the connecting line of the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the characteristic line of the end face is within the range of the optimal entry point angle area, for the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber, the characteristic line is the slow axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the polarization maintaining optical fiber is rapidly cut within the range of the optimal entry point angle area, and a high-quality cut end face is obtained, so that the cutting process is greatly simplified, the cutting time is saved, the cutting efficiency is improved, burrs or damages of the cut end face caused by uneven stress of the polarization maintaining optical fiber can be avoided, the end face loss of optical fiber fusion is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a large mode field polarization maintaining fiber cutting method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the slow axis and the range of the optimum entry point angle region of a panda polarization maintaining fiber;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the range from the rotation angle θ of the panda polarization maintaining fiber to the angle region of the optimal entry point;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the situation in which the polarization maintaining fiber is clamped in the first clamp in step 2;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the second clamp deflects by an angle θ and clamps the polarization maintaining optical fiber at a position spaced apart from the first clamp in step 31;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the state in which the polarization maintaining optical fiber is detached from the first clamp, the first clamp angle is adjusted so that the deflection angle θ is kept parallel to the second clamp, and the polarization maintaining optical fiber is clamped again by the first clamp in step 32;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the end face observation performed by the first clamp that clamps the optical fiber after the polarization maintaining optical fiber is detached from the second clamp and the second clamp is removed in step 32 in the end face observation apparatus (fusion splicer);
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a case where the second clamp is parallel to the first clamp and the optical fiber is clamped at a position spaced apart from the first clamp in step 33;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the polarization maintaining fiber removed from the first holder and the first holder removed in step 34;
FIG. 10 is a drawing of the fiber being cut by placing the fiber flat into the cleaver in the direction of the second fixture at step 34;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a specific line and an optimal range of entry point angles for an elliptical cladding polarization maintaining fiber.
In the figure: 1-end face; 11-optimal entry point; 2-optimum range of the entry point angle area; 21-end face observation equipment; 22-angle θ; 3-a characteristic line; 31-slow axis (31 a-slow axis before rotation; 31 b-slow axis after rotation); 32-major axis; 41-first clamp (41 a-clamp body; 41a 1-fiber groove; 41 b-clamp cover); 42-a second clamp; 43-clamp edge; 5-a cutting knife (51-a cutting edge); 6-polarization maintaining fiber.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, a method for cutting a large mode field polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, cutting a large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber by using a cutting knife, determining an optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber cut by a cutting blade with good cutting quality by observing the cutting quality of an end face, wherein the optimal entry point is on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and recording an angle theta between a connecting line of the optimal entry point and the circle center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and a characteristic line of the end face observed on the end face, wherein the characteristic line of the end face is the slow axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber with the diameter of 400 nanometers in the embodiment is the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber with the; repeating the process for many times, cutting the large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber, observing the end face, recording the angle theta, and obtaining the range of the optimal entry point angle area, wherein the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber is located in the range that the two sides of the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber are not more than 35 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, by taking the axis of the slow shaft as the reference;
step 2, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber with the coating layer removed by using a first clamp, placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into an end face observation device, judging an angle theta of a connecting line of a characteristic line of the end face and an optimal cut-in point and a circle center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the optimal cut-in point angle area range in the step 1 by observing the end face, wherein the rotation angle theta of the embodiment is 20.08 degrees, so that the optimal cut-in point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber falls into the optimal cut-in point angle area range after rotating for 20.08 degrees, and recording the value of the angle 20.08 degrees;
step 31, deflecting the second clamp by 20.08 degrees, and clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp;
step 32, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, adjusting the angle of the first clamp to enable the polarization maintaining optical fiber to deflect by 20.08 degrees and keep parallel to the second clamp, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the first clamp again, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the second clamp, and placing the first clamp into the end face observation equipment again, wherein the end face observation equipment in the embodiment is self-provided by a rattan bin FSM-100P + fusion machine, confirming whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the cutting position of the optimal cutting point or not, if not, repeating the step 2 and the step 3, and if the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the proper position, taking the polarization maintaining optical fiber together with the first clamp out of the end face observation equipment;
step 33, making the second clamp parallel to the first clamp, and clamping the polarization maintaining fiber at a position 25mm away from the first clamp;
and step 34, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, and horizontally placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into a cutter along the direction of the second clamp for cutting.
Embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4 to 11, a method for cutting a large mode area polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, cutting a large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber by using a cutting knife, determining an optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber cut by a cutting blade with good cutting quality by observing the cutting quality of an end face, wherein the optimal entry point is on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and recording an angle theta between a connecting line of the optimal entry point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and a characteristic line of the end face observed on the end face, wherein the characteristic line of the end face is the major axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber in the elliptical cladding shape with the diameter of 500 nanometers; repeating the above processes for multiple times, cutting the large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber, observing the end face, recording the angle theta, and obtaining the optimal range of the angle region of the entry point, wherein the elliptical cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber is positioned in the range of two sides of the elliptical cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber which are not more than 35 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, by taking the axis of the long axis as the reference;
step 2, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber with the coating layer removed by using a first clamp, placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into an end face observation device, judging an angle theta of a connecting line of a characteristic line of the end face and the optimal cut-in point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the optimal cut-in point angle area range in the step 1 by observing the end face, wherein the rotation angle theta of the embodiment is 25 degrees, so that the optimal cut-in point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber falls into the optimal cut-in point angle area range after rotating for 25 degrees, and recording the value of the angle 25 degrees;
step 31, deflecting the second clamp by 25 degrees, and clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp;
step 32, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, adjusting the angle of the first clamp to enable the polarization maintaining optical fiber to deflect by 25 degrees and keep parallel to the second clamp, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the first clamp again, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the second clamp, and placing the first clamp into the end face observation equipment again, wherein the end face observation equipment in the embodiment is self-provided by a rattan bin FSM-100P + fusion machine, determining whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the cutting position of the optimal cutting point, if not, repeating the step 2 and the step 3, and if the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the proper position, taking the polarization maintaining optical fiber with the first clamp out of the end face observation equipment;
step 33, making the second clamp parallel to the first clamp, and clamping the polarization maintaining fiber at a position 25mm away from the first clamp;
and step 34, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, and horizontally placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into a cutter along the direction of the second clamp for cutting.
In addition, the cutting method of the present invention is also applicable to the cutting of the bow-tie polarization maintaining fiber, and the end surface observation device may be a microscope.

Claims (7)

1. A method for cutting a large-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber is characterized in that the large-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber is a panda polarization maintaining optical fiber or an elliptic cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, cutting a large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber by using a cutting knife, determining an optimal entry point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber cut by a cutting blade with good cutting quality by observing the cutting quality of an end face, and recording an angle between a connecting line of the optimal entry point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and a characteristic line of the end face observed on the end face on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining optical fiber; repeating the process for many times, cutting the large-mode-field polarization maintaining optical fiber, observing the end face and recording the angle to obtain the optimal range of the angle area of the entry point;
step 2, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber with the coating layer removed by using a first clamp, putting the polarization maintaining optical fiber into an end face observation device, judging an angle theta of a connecting line of a characteristic line of the end face and the optimal cut-in point and the center of the polarization maintaining optical fiber according to the optimal cut-in point angle area range in the step 1 by observing the end face, enabling the optimal cut-in point of the polarization maintaining optical fiber to fall into the optimal cut-in point angle area range after rotating the angle theta, and recording the value of the angle theta;
and 3, adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fiber to the cutting position of the optimal entry point by rotating the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the angle theta value, and then cutting.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 1, the optimal cut-in point is on the outer circumference of the polarization maintaining fiber, and in the case of panda polarization maintaining fiber, the characteristic line of the end surface is the slow axis of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the angle θ between the line connecting the optimal cut-in point and the center of the polarization maintaining fiber and the slow axis of the polarization maintaining fiber observed on the end surface is recorded.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the range of the angle region of the optimum entry point in step 1 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber is located within not more than 45 degrees on both sides of the slow axis with reference to the slow axis.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the range of the angle region of the optimum entry point in step 1 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber with a diameter of 400 nm is located within a range of not more than 20 degrees on both sides of the slow axis with reference to the slow axis.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said step 3 further comprises the steps of:
step 31, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp by the deflection angle theta value of the second clamp;
step 32, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, adjusting the angle of the first clamp to enable the deflection angle theta value to be parallel to the second clamp, clamping the polarization maintaining optical fiber by the first clamp again, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the second clamp, placing the first clamp into the end face observation equipment again, confirming whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the cutting position of the optimal cutting point, if not, repeating the step 2 and the step 3, and if the polarization maintaining optical fiber is adjusted to the position, taking the polarization maintaining optical fiber out of the end face observation equipment together with the first clamp;
step 33, making the second clamp parallel to the first clamp, and clamping the polarization maintaining fiber at a position with a certain distance from the first clamp;
and step 34, unloading the polarization maintaining optical fiber from the first clamp, and horizontally placing the polarization maintaining optical fiber into a cutter along the direction of the second clamp for cutting.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the distance position in step 31 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber is 10-100 mm.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distance position in step 31 is determined according to the structure of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the panda polarization maintaining fiber with a diameter of 400 nm is 20-70 mm.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57116233A (en) * 1981-01-12 1982-07-20 Ricoh Co Ltd Checking device for end surface of optical fiber
CN101573215A (en) * 2006-10-26 2009-11-04 日新技术株式会社 Optical fiber cleaver
CN101641620A (en) * 2007-03-29 2010-02-03 康宁光缆***有限公司 Together with the maintenance and the rotating clamp assembly that become the angle optical fiber cleaver to use
CN103454726A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-18 广东中钰科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing quarter-wave plates
CN103512891A (en) * 2013-09-06 2014-01-15 王元琴 Device and method for detecting optical fiber end face

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