CN107912346B - Net cage anchoring foundation suitable for hard seabed based on waste container transformation - Google Patents
Net cage anchoring foundation suitable for hard seabed based on waste container transformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107912346B CN107912346B CN201711012092.5A CN201711012092A CN107912346B CN 107912346 B CN107912346 B CN 107912346B CN 201711012092 A CN201711012092 A CN 201711012092A CN 107912346 B CN107912346 B CN 107912346B
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a net cage anchoring foundation suitable for a hard seabed and based on waste container transformation, which comprises 1-4 waste containers and filler, wherein the top of each container is cut and removed; when a container is adopted, an anti-overturning strip-shaped plate is welded below the bottom of each container at two ends; when two containers are adopted, the two containers are contacted side by side and are welded and connected, and an anti-overturning strip-shaped plate is welded below the bottoms of the two containers at two ends respectively; when three containers are adopted, corner posts on one side of each container are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form a triangular shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams are welded by a top connecting plate, and adjacent box bottoms are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate; when four containers are adopted, the four containers form an equilateral quadrilateral shape and are welded and connected, the adjacent top beams are welded by using a top connecting plate, the adjacent bottom beams are welded and connected by using a bottom connecting plate, anchor chains are moored on corner pieces at the upper parts of the containers, and the containers are filled with fillers to form a net cage anchoring foundation. The invention has large total weight and strong anti-overturning capability and can provide larger anchoring force.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an anchoring system for a mariculture net cage, in particular to a net cage anchoring foundation suitable for a hard seabed based on waste container transformation.
Background art:
the container is a device for transporting goods by steel, and its main components include top beam, bottom beam, door frame, side wall, end wall, top of box, corner post and corner fittings, and its strength is high, structure is firm, welding property is high, water tightness is good, and it can be repeatedly used for a long time. The container has the appearance shown in fig. 1. At present, 94% of containers in the world are manufactured by China, meanwhile, China also eliminates the containers in large countries, and more than 30 tens of thousands of waste containers are eliminated from the transportation industry every year in China. The overhaul cost of the waste containers is very high, the waste containers are simply recycled as waste products and are not environment-friendly, and only a small number of containers are reformed into houses, post-disaster temporary buildings, mobile exhibition halls and the like at present. Therefore, the huge number of waste containers still need to be transformed and utilized, and the greater potential value of the waste containers is explored.
On the other hand, China is attacked by a plurality of superstrong typhoons in coastal years, and the seawater net cages within the influence range of typhoons are seriously damaged, so that the seawater net cage culture industry is in a state of eating by the sky to a certain extent. The anchoring system is a foundation of the mariculture net cage in water and plays a role in fixing and mooring the net cage system. Failure of the mooring system in inclement weather can result in direct damage to the net cage. Under the attacks of the ultra-strong typhoons of the 2014, namely the Wilmason (17-grade maximum wind power), the seagull (13-grade maximum wind power) and the ultra-strong typhoons of the 2015, namely the laugh (16-grade maximum wind power) and the Sudilo (17-grade maximum wind power), the deepwater net cage aquaculture industry of the Hainan province suffers from devastating attack and serious loss, wherein most of the disaster-stricken deepwater net cages are blown away and damaged due to the damage of anchoring foundations. Although the cost of the anchoring foundation is not large in proportion to the total price of the whole net cage system, the whole net cage system is completely covered after the anchoring foundation fails, and the anchoring foundation has an important function of controlling the overall stability of the net cage. At present, the anchoring foundation of the domestic seawater net cage mainly has three modes: iron anchors, timber pile anchors and cement pier anchors. The anchor body uses a casting part, the anchoring force is in direct proportion to the weight of the anchor body, the investment is increased to obtain enough anchoring force, the anchor with larger weight can only operate by a special working ship, and the anchor is difficult to accurately position, so that the anchor has the advantages that the anchor can be used in a sea area with more complex seabed; the timber pile anchor is relatively cheap, generally require timber pile diameter to be greater than 40 cm, the depth of penetrating into the earth exceeds 4.5 m, anchor rope and horizontal seabed included angle are not greater than 17 degrees, but it has the disadvantage that construction quality is difficult to guarantee and timber pile corrodes easily, suitable for the water depth shallow and the sea area of the sediment substrate; the anchor price of the cement pier is moderate, the anchoring force is in direct proportion to the weight of the cement pier, the adsorption acting force between the bottom of the cement pier and the seabed is limited, and the anchor walking phenomenon is easy to occur under severe sea conditions.
Generally, the seabed can be simply divided into a hard seabed and a soft seabed, wherein the hard seabed mainly refers to geological conditions mainly comprising rocks, gravels, broken stones, compact sandy soil bodies or sand-mud soil bodies. If the waste container can be transformed to a certain extent and applied to the net cage anchoring foundation of the hard seabed, on one hand, the cost and the construction difficulty of the net cage anchoring foundation can be reduced, the anchoring force of the anchoring foundation is improved, on the other hand, a new way is provided for recycling the waste container, and the development requirement of resource recycling is obviously met.
Therefore, a technical innovation design for manufacturing a net cage anchoring foundation based on waste containers needs to be developed, so that the net cage anchoring foundation is suitable for hard seabed geological conditions.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a net cage anchoring foundation which is transformed based on a waste container and is suitable for a hard seabed, has large total weight and strong anti-overturning capability, and can provide larger anchoring force.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a net cage anchoring foundation suitable for a hard seabed based on waste container transformation is characterized by comprising 1-4 waste containers with removed box tops and fillers,
when a waste container is adopted, two ends of the bottom of the waste container are respectively welded with an anti-overturning plate;
when two waste containers are adopted, the side walls of the two waste containers are arranged side by side and are in close contact with each other, the corner columns, the top beams and the bottom beams which are correspondingly contacted with each other are welded and fixed, and two anti-overturning plates are respectively welded at two ends of the bottom of the two waste containers which are welded into a whole;
when three waste containers are adopted, corner posts on one side of the three waste containers are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form a triangular shape and are welded and connected, the upper end surfaces of adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a top connecting plate, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a bottom connecting plate;
when four waste containers are adopted, corner columns on one side of the four waste containers are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form a quadrangle and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a top connecting plate, and bottoms of the two adjacent waste containers are welded with a bottom connecting plate.
When in construction, the floating barrel is firstly bound on the anti-overturning plate or the bottom connecting plate welded at the bottom of the container and is floated and pulled to a specified sea area, the anchor chain of the net cage is moored on the upper corner fitting of the waste container in advance, so that the waste container sinks into the sea to contact with the seabed, and then the filler is filled into the waste container.
The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on waste container transformation is characterized in that when the number of the waste containers exceeds one, the used waste containers are the same in specification and model, the tops and the bottoms of the waste containers are parallel and level with each other during welding, and corner columns in close contact are welded and connected.
The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on waste container transformation is characterized in that the anti-overturning plate is welded at the bottom of the waste container, two ends of the anti-overturning plate are exposed out of the outer side of the waste container, and the total length of the two ends of the anti-overturning plate exposed out of the outer side of the waste container is not less than the width of the waste container.
The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on waste container transformation is characterized in that the waste container can float on the sea surface without leakage; the bottom plate of the waste container is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are sealed and blocked during floating transportation, and the blockage is removed after the floating transportation is pulled to a designated sea area, so that the container sinks when entering water.
The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed reconstructed based on the waste containers is characterized in that the filling material can be seabed soil bodies sucked and dug from the seabed by a dredger, and can also be rock blocks, gravels, broken stones or construction wastes transported from a shore.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention is formed by simply transforming and processing the waste containers, effectively utilizes the characteristics of large container strength, firm structure and large space volume, the waste containers are mainly concentrated in various economically developed provinces of coastal ports, and the net cages, particularly the deepwater net cages, are also mainly distributed in various provinces (such as Hainan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and the like) of coastal areas, so the purchasing and transportation cost of the waste containers is low, and a new way is provided for short-distance recycling of the waste containers;
2. the container has large space volume, and the total weight of the container and the filler is larger and is dozens of times of the weight of the traditional cement pier anchor, so the anchoring foundation provided by the invention can provide larger anchoring force and can meet the anchoring requirement of large-scale deepwater aquaculture net cages;
3. according to the invention, after the corners and damaged parts of the waste container are subjected to leak-proof treatment by using the sealant, a plurality of floating barrels are bound on the side wall of the waste container to enable the waste container to float on the sea surface, and the floating transportation of the waste container is carried to a construction site by using a ship, so that the buoyancy of the cavity of the container is effectively utilized, and the transportation cost is lower;
4. the waste container is filled with the filler after being sunk into the seabed, the filler can be seabed soil body sucked and dug from the seabed by a dredger, or block stone, gravel, broken stone or construction waste with high density and the like transported from a bank, can be flexibly selected according to the field condition, can be gradually filled for multiple times, and is flexible in construction;
5. when three or four waste containers are adopted, the filling materials are filled in the cavities of the equilateral triangle or square in the middle part formed by welding and connecting the containers end to end, so that the waste containers are difficult to move, and the anchoring force of the lifted anchoring foundation is further improved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste container.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the waste container with the top removed.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the welded anti-tipping plate at the bottom of the waste container after the top of the container is removed.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the welding anti-tipping plate at the bottom of the waste container after the top of the container is removed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the anchoring of the net cage made of a single waste container.
Fig. 6 is a top view of two anti-tipping plates welded to the bottom of a waste container after the top of the container is removed.
Fig. 7 is a bottom view of two waste container bottom welding anti-overturning plates with the top removed according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the anchoring of the net cage made of two waste containers according to the invention.
Fig. 9 is a top view of three waste containers with the tops removed according to the present invention welded to each other.
Fig. 10 is a bottom view of three waste containers with the tops removed according to the present invention welded to each other.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a net cage anchoring made of three waste containers.
Fig. 12 is a top view of four waste containers with the tops removed according to the present invention welded to each other.
Fig. 13 is a bottom view of four waste containers with the tops removed, welded to each other.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a net cage anchoring made of four waste containers.
Description of reference numerals: 1. waste containers; 2. a box top; 3. a corner fitting; 4. an anti-toppling plate; 5. a filler; 6. an anchor chain; 7. a net cage; 8. a bottom connecting plate; 9. a top connection plate; A. sea level; B. a sea bed surface.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
referring to the drawings:
the net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on waste container transformation comprises 1-4 waste containers 1 and fillers 5, wherein the tops of the waste containers 1 are cut and removed; when a waste container 1 is adopted, an anti-overturning plate 4 is welded below the bottoms of two ends of the waste container 1 respectively; when two waste containers 1 are adopted, two side walls of the two waste containers 1 are aligned and closely contacted, corner columns, top beams and bottom beams which are correspondingly contacted with each other are welded and connected, and an anti-overturning plate 4 is welded below the bottoms of two end containers 1 which are welded into a whole; when three waste containers 1 are adopted, corner columns on one side of the three waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral triangle shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8; when four waste containers 1 are adopted, corner columns on one side of the four waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral square shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8; when in construction, a plurality of floating barrels are symmetrically bound on an anti-overturning plate 4 or a bottom connecting plate 8 welded at the bottom of a container and are placed in the sea, the whole floating transportation is pulled to a specified sea area by a ship, an anchor chain 6 of a net cage 7 is moored on an upper corner piece 3 of the waste container 1 in advance, so that the waste container 1 is wholly and stably filled with water and gradually sinks into the sea to contact with a seabed, and then sufficient filler 5 is filled into a cavity of the waste container 1, thereby forming a net cage anchoring foundation.
The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on the reconstruction of the waste container is further introduced and explained below.
The structure of the anchoring foundation of the lifted net cage is as follows:
the container has the advantages of high strength, firm structure and large space volume, the used waste container needs to be cut to remove the top of the container, and other parts of the waste container are completely reserved, as shown in figure 2. Containers which are seriously damaged, leak water and are difficult to repair easily are not suitable for the anchoring foundation provided by the invention.
When the number of the used waste containers 1 exceeds one, the specifications and the models of the waste containers 1 are the same, the tops and the bottoms of the waste containers 1 are flush with each other during welding, and the corner columns which are in close contact with each other are welded and connected.
When a waste container 1 is used, an anti-tipping plate 4 is welded below the bottoms of two ends of the waste container 1 respectively, two ends of the anti-tipping plate 4 are exposed out of the outer side of the waste container 1, the length of the two ends exposed out of the outer side of the waste container 1 is not less than the width of the waste container 1, and the anti-tipping plate 4 can effectively prevent the waste container 1 from turning over, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The anchor chains 6 of the net cage 7 are moored to one corner piece 3 of the waste container 1 as shown in fig. 5.
When two waste containers 1 are adopted, two side walls of the two waste containers 1 are aligned and closely contacted, corresponding corner columns, top beams and bottom beams which are mutually contacted are welded and connected, and an anti-overturning plate 4 is welded below the bottoms of two end containers 1 which are welded into a whole, two ends of the anti-overturning plate 4 are exposed out of the outer sides of the waste containers 1, the length of the two ends exposed out of the outer sides of the waste containers 1 is not less than the width of the waste containers 1, and the anti-overturning plate 4 can effectively prevent the waste containers 1 from turning over, as shown in fig. 6 and 7. The anchor chains 6 of the net cage 7 are moored to the two upper corner fittings 3 of the two waste containers 1 in close contact, as shown in fig. 8.
When three waste containers 1 are used, corner columns on one side of the three waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral triangle shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams on the tops of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8, as shown in fig. 9 and 10. The anchor chains 6 of the net cage 7 are moored to the two upper corner fittings 3 of two adjacent waste containers 1, as shown in fig. 11.
When four waste containers 1 are used, corner posts on one side of the four waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral square shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams on the tops of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8, as shown in fig. 12 and 13. The anchor chains 6 of the net cage 7 are moored to the two upper corner fittings 3 of two adjacent waste containers 1, as shown in fig. 14.
The anchor chains 6 are all moored on the upper corner fittings 3, and a plurality of reinforcing rod pieces can be welded on the upper corner fittings 3 of the anchor chains 6 to be moored if necessary, so that the corner fittings 3 can bear the limit anchoring force under severe working conditions without failure and damage.
Because the strength of the hard seabed is high, the anti-overturning plate 4 is difficult to sink into the hard seabed to a large depth after being loaded, so that the anti-overturning plate 4 can prevent single or two containers from overturning and damaging, and the anti-overturning capability of the single or two containers is improved.
When three or four waste containers are adopted, the adjacent top beams at the tops of the two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by the top connecting plate 9, the length of the top connecting plate 9 only needs to be enough to overlap the adjacent top beams at the welding position, and the subsequent filler 13 is not influenced and blocked from entering the cavity of the container due to too long top beam.
Before the construction of the waste container 1, rust prevention and leakage prevention treatment are carried out, so that the container can float on the sea surface without leakage; a plurality of holes are uniformly and symmetrically formed in a bottom plate of the waste container 1, temporary plugging is carried out by using a subsequent removable waterproof material, after the container is transported to a designated sea area in a floating mode by using a ship, the plugging material of each hole is removed, seawater enters the container through the holes, and therefore the waste container 1 is enabled to be stable in water and gradually sink into the sea to contact with a seabed.
After the corners and the damaged parts of the waste container are subjected to leak-proof treatment by using sealant, the waste container is bound with a plurality of floating barrels on the side wall of the waste container and then floats on the sea surface, the floating transportation of the waste container is pulled to a construction site by using a ship, the buoyancy of the cavity of the container is effectively utilized, and the transportation cost is low. The waste containers are mainly concentrated in various economically developed provinces of coastal ports, and the net cages, particularly deep-water net cages, are also mainly distributed in various provinces of the coastal areas (such as Hainan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and the like), so the waste containers are low in purchase and transportation cost.
The filling material 13 can be seabed soil body which is sucked and dug from the seabed by a dredger, or block stone, gravel, broken stone or construction waste with larger density and the like which is transported from a bank, can be flexibly selected according to the field condition, can be gradually filled for many times, and is flexible in construction.
When three or four waste containers are adopted, the filler is also filled in the cavity of the middle equilateral triangle or square formed by welding and connecting the containers end to end, so that the waste containers are difficult to move, and the anchoring force of the lifted anchoring foundation is further improved.
Secondly, the construction process of the anchoring foundation of the lifted net cage is as follows:
the construction of the net cage anchoring foundation based on the reconstruction of the waste container can be carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, selecting waste containers 1 with good tightness, cutting and removing the tops of the containers (as shown in figure 2), and selecting the same specification and model when the number of the used waste containers 1 exceeds one. And manufacturing accessories such as an additional anti-overturning plate 4 or a bottom connecting plate 8, a top connecting plate 9 and the like.
Secondly, according to design, when a waste container 1 is adopted, welding an anti-overturning plate 4 below the bottoms of two end containers of the waste container 1 respectively; when two waste containers 1 are adopted, two side walls of the two waste containers 1 are aligned and closely contacted, corner columns, top beams and bottom beams which are correspondingly contacted with each other are welded and connected, and an anti-overturning plate 4 is welded below the bottoms of two end containers 1 which are welded into a whole; when three waste containers 1 are adopted, corner columns on one side of the three waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral triangle shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams on the tops of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8; when four waste containers 1 are adopted, corner columns on one side of the four waste containers 1 are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form an equilateral square shape and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams on the tops of two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded by a top connecting plate 9, and the bottoms of the two adjacent waste containers 1 are welded and connected by a bottom connecting plate 8.
And thirdly, performing rust prevention and leakage prevention treatment on the waste container 1, performing leakage prevention treatment on corners and damaged parts of the waste container by using sealant, uniformly and symmetrically arranging a plurality of holes on a bottom plate of the waste container 1, performing temporary plugging by using a subsequent removable waterproof material, binding a plurality of floating barrels on the side wall of the waste container, then enabling the waste container to float on the sea surface, and using a ship to transport the waste container to a construction site in a floating mode.
Fourthly, mooring the anchor chain 6 of the net cage 7 on the upper corner fitting 3 of the waste container 1 in advance, removing the plugging material of each hole, removing each floating barrel, and enabling seawater to enter the container through the holes, so that the waste container 1 is enabled to be wholly and stably filled with water and gradually sink into the sea to contact the seabed.
And fifthly, filling enough filler 13 into the cavity of the waste container 1, wherein the filler 13 can be seabed soil body sucked and dug from the seabed by a dredger, or block stone, gravel, broken stone or construction waste with high density and the like transported from the shore, can be flexibly selected according to the field condition, can be gradually filled for multiple times, and is flexible in construction. When three or four waste containers are adopted, the hollow space of the equilateral triangle or square in the middle part formed by welding and connecting the containers end to end can be filled with the filler. And (4) checking and rechecking that the sinking attitude of the waste container meets the requirement and the filling volume of the filler 13 meets the design requirement, and finishing the construction of the lifted net cage anchoring foundation.
Thirdly, estimating the weight of the anchoring foundation of the lifted net cage:
taking a 20GP container as an example, the external dimension is 6.058m × 2.438.438 m × 2.591.591 m, and the cavity volume is 33.1 m3And the tare weight is 2.3 t. Assuming that filler 13 can fill 80% of the container volume, the weight of filler 13 is taken1.6t/ m3The weight of filler 13 per container is 33.1 × 80% × 1.6.6 =42.3t, the total weight of two containers (tare) can reach 88t, the total weight of three containers (tare) can reach 132t, and the total weight of four containers (tare) can reach 177 t, if filler 13 is assumed to fill 70% of the container volume, the weight of filler 13 per container is 33.1 × 70% × 1.6.6 =37t, the total weight of two containers (tare) can reach 78 t, the total weight of three containers (tare) can reach 117t, the total weight of four containers (tare) can reach 156 t, if filler 13 is assumed to fill 60% of the container volume, the weight of filler 13 per container is 33.1 × 60% × 1.6.6 =31.7t, the total weight of two containers (tare) can reach 67 t, the total weight of three containers (tare) can reach 101 t, and the total weight of four containers (tare) can reach 135 t.
While the conventional 1.5m3The weight of the cement pier anchor is 3.75t, and the weight of the anchoring foundation lifted by the invention is ten times of that of the traditional cement pier anchor, so that the invention can provide larger anchoring force and can meet the anchoring requirement of large-scale deepwater aquaculture net cages.
When three or four waste containers are adopted, the filling materials are filled in the cavities of the equilateral triangle or square in the middle part formed by welding and connecting the containers end to end. Taking a container with the specification of 20GP as an example, after three waste containers are welded in the manner shown in fig. 9, an equilateral triangle space with the height of 2.5m and the bottom side length of 6m is formed in the middle, and assuming that the filler 13 can fill 60% of the space, the weight of the filler is 2.5 × 15.5 × 60% × 1.6=37.2 t; after four waste containers are welded in the manner shown in fig. 12, a square space with a height of 2.5m and a bottom side length of 6m is formed in the middle, and assuming that the filler 13 can fill 60% of the space, the weight of the filler is 2.5 × 36 × 60% × 1.6=86.4 t. The filler with huge weight is obviously beneficial to preventing the anchoring foundation from moving, and can further improve the anchoring force of the anchoring foundation.
When four waste containers are adopted, the total weight of the fillers in the cavities of the waste containers and in the square areas inside the cavities of the waste containers exceeds 200 t, and the anchoring requirements of various current net cages can be met, so that the necessity and the practicability of forming an anchoring foundation by combining five or more waste containers are difficult to achieve.
In addition, a 20GP sized container weighs 2.3t per skin, which only needs to be opened by about 2.3 m3The container can float on the sea surface by the aid of the volume of the seawater, the size of the bottom surface of the container is 6.058m × 2.438.438 m, the immersion depth of the bottom of the container is calculated to be 0.16 m, and the container can float on the sea surface by self, but the key point in the floating transportation process of the container is overturn prevention, so that a plurality of floating barrels are bound on the side wall of the waste container to enhance the overturn resistance of the waste container.
The attached drawings only show the condition that one, two, three and four waste containers are welded to form the net cage anchoring foundation, according to the proposed idea, the number of the waste containers, the arrangement mode of the waste containers and the like can be changed, and the net cage anchoring foundation formed based on the waste container transformation with different shapes is formed, and the net cage anchoring foundation belongs to equivalent modification and change of the technology, and is not described again here.
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted; the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts; the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other equivalent modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field.
Claims (1)
1. The net cage anchoring foundation suitable for the hard seabed based on waste container transformation is characterized by comprising 1-4 waste containers with removed box tops and fillers, wherein when one waste container is adopted, two ends of the bottom of the waste container are respectively welded with an anti-overturning plate; when two waste containers are adopted, the side walls of the two waste containers are arranged side by side and are in close contact with each other, the corner columns, the top beams and the bottom beams which are correspondingly contacted with each other are welded and fixed, and two anti-overturning plates are respectively welded at two ends of the bottom of the two waste containers which are welded into a whole; when three waste containers are adopted, corner posts on one side of the three waste containers are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form a triangular shape and are welded and connected, the upper end surfaces of adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a top connecting plate, and the bottoms of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a bottom connecting plate; when four waste containers are adopted, corner columns on one side of the four waste containers are in head-to-tail contact with each other to form a quadrangle and are welded and connected, adjacent top beams of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a top connecting plate, and bottoms of two adjacent waste containers are welded with a bottom connecting plate; when in construction, firstly, a floating barrel is bound on an anti-overturning plate or a bottom connecting plate welded at the bottom of a container and is transported to a specified sea area in a floating mode, an anchor chain of a net cage is moored on an upper corner fitting of a waste container in advance, the waste container is sunk into the sea and contacts with a seabed, and then a filler is filled into the waste container;
when the number of the waste containers exceeds one, the used waste containers are the same in specification and model, the tops and the bottoms of the waste containers are flush with each other during welding, and the corner columns which are in close contact with each other are welded and connected;
the anti-overturning plate is welded at the bottom of the waste container, two ends of the anti-overturning plate are exposed out of the outer side of the waste container, and the total length of the two ends of the anti-overturning plate exposed out of the outer side of the waste container is not less than the width of the waste container;
the waste container can float on the sea surface without leakage; a plurality of holes are formed in the bottom plate of the waste container, the holes are sealed and blocked during floating transportation, and the blockage is removed after the floating transportation is pulled to a designated sea area, so that the container sinks when water enters;
the filler is one or more of seabed soil bodies sucked and dug from the seabed of the dredging ship, block stones, gravels, broken stones or construction wastes transported from the shore.
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| CN201711012092.5A CN107912346B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Net cage anchoring foundation suitable for hard seabed based on waste container transformation |
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| CN201711012092.5A CN107912346B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Net cage anchoring foundation suitable for hard seabed based on waste container transformation |
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| CN107912346B true CN107912346B (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2105471C1 (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 1998-02-27 | Леонид Юрьевич Бугров | Submersible fish tank |
| US6044798A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2000-04-04 | Princeton Abalone Inc. | Floating aquaculture apparatus |
| JP2003125669A (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-07 | Naka Engineering:Kk | Artificial floating fishing bank |
| CN104088288B (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 中国水利水电第十三工程局有限公司 | The preparation method of container caisson and application thereof |
| CN205637146U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市雅上篷房技术有限公司 | Container basis covering or awning on a car, boat, etc. room |
| CN205975483U (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 中国人民解放军镇江船艇学院 | Flotation tank and fishing net combination formula breakwater |
| CN206365354U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-08-01 | 合肥学院 | A kind of single piling bar and single clump assembly type net cage anchor foundation |
| CN206284123U (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-06-30 | 北海市铁山港区石头埠丰顺养殖有限公司 | A kind of net cage mooring system of use artificial marine habitat |
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