CN107911298B - ISIS-based routing redistribution method and device - Google Patents
ISIS-based routing redistribution method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107911298B CN107911298B CN201711480375.2A CN201711480375A CN107911298B CN 107911298 B CN107911298 B CN 107911298B CN 201711480375 A CN201711480375 A CN 201711480375A CN 107911298 B CN107911298 B CN 107911298B
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- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for redistributing routes based on ISIS, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining whether a local first interface enables an ISIS protocol; if yes, determining whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface; if yes, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and an overhead value. In the application, when the neighbor table of the first interface which starts the ISIS protocol has the neighbor table entry, the network device sends the route information carrying the next hop, so that the device corresponding to the neighbor table entry can perform route calculation more accurately, the problem of redirection or loop of a forwarding path in the follow-up process is avoided, and the problems of bandwidth waste and packet loss are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for routing redistribution based on ISIS.
Background
ISIS (Intermediate system to Intermediate system) is a widely used routing protocol. The network device running the ISIS protocol can diffuse the routing information acquired in other forms to other network devices running the ISIS protocol, thereby achieving the purpose of network interconnection.
In the prior art, after routing information to be redistributed is diffused based on the ISIS protocol, when a network device receiving the routing information calculates a route, redirection and loop of a forwarding path may be caused, which may cause bandwidth waste and even packet loss.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for routing redistribution based on ISIS
Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:
a method for routing redistribution based on ISIS is applied to network equipment and comprises the following steps:
determining whether a local first interface enables an ISIS protocol;
if yes, determining whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface;
if yes, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and an overhead value.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution method, the method further comprises:
if the first interface does not start the ISIS protocol, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and a cost value; or the like, or, alternatively,
if the first interface starts an ISIS protocol and no neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and an overhead value.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution method, the method further comprises:
receiving the routing information, and determining whether the routing information carries a next hop;
if the routing information carries the next hop, determining whether the next hop is a local address;
if the next hop is not a local address, determining whether the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information exists;
if so, performing a routing computation based on the routing information.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution method, the method further comprises:
and if the next hop is a local address, ignoring the routing information.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution method, the method further comprises:
if the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information does not exist, ignoring the next hop and performing routing calculation based on the routing information.
An ISIS-based routing redistribution device applied to a network device comprises:
the first determining unit is used for determining whether a local first interface enables an ISIS protocol;
a second determining unit, configured to determine whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface if the first interface is a first interface;
a sending unit, configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the first interface is a first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and an overhead value.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
the sending unit is further configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the ISIS protocol is not enabled for the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and a cost value; or the like, or, alternatively,
if the first interface starts an ISIS protocol and no neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and an overhead value.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
the receiving unit is used for receiving the routing information and determining whether the routing information carries a next hop or not;
the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the next hop is a local address if the routing information carries the next hop;
the second determining unit is further configured to determine whether the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information exists if the next hop is not a local address;
a calculation unit for performing a route calculation based on the route information, if any.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
and the ignoring unit is used for ignoring the routing information if the next hop is a local address.
In the ISIS-based route redistribution apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
the calculating unit is further configured to, if the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information does not exist, ignore the next hop, and perform routing calculation based on the routing information.
In the technical scheme of the application, before sending routing information of a local first interface, a network device firstly determines whether the first interface starts an ISIS protocol, if the first interface starts the ISIS protocol, determines whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface, and sends the routing information of the first interface when the neighbor table entry exists; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and a cost value;
after the device corresponding to the neighbor table entry of the network device receives the routing information, the device can more accurately calculate the optimal route based on the next hop in the routing information during route calculation, thereby avoiding the problem of redirection or loop of the forwarding path in the follow-up process, and further solving the problems of bandwidth waste and packet loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a network architecture diagram of the type shown in the present application;
FIG. 2 is another network architecture diagram shown in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of ISIS-based route redistribution according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an ISIS-based routing redistribution apparatus shown in the present application;
fig. 5 is a hardware structure diagram of an ISIS-based routing redistribution apparatus according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description of the prior art and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided.
A network device running the ISIS protocol typically carries routing information in a tlv (type Length value) format when diffusing the routing information to other network devices running the ISIS protocol. In general, an Extended IP Reachability TLV (the Extended IP Reachability TLV) and an IPv6 Reachability TLV will be used.
Wherein, the type of the extended IP reachable TLV is 135, and is used for carrying the routing information of IPv 4. The TLV format includes 4 bytes of overhead (metric) information and 1 byte of control information. The control information includes 1-bit up/down information, 1-bit sub tlv (sub tlv) information, and a 6-bit mask length. And controlling the information to be the destination network segment. The sub-TLV indicates whether other sub-TLV information exists in the TLV format, and if so, the destination network segment is followed by 1 byte of sub-TLV length and several bytes of sub-TLV information.
The type of the IPv6 reachable TLV is 236, and is used to carry routing information of IPv 6. The TLV format is similar to the extended IP reachable TLV described above, and also reserves a sub-TLV information field and optionally-long sub-TLV information defined according to the field.
It can be seen that, in the prior art, the routing information diffused by the network device running the ISIS protocol does not include the next hop. In this case, after receiving the routing information, the other network devices may cause redirection or loop in subsequent routing calculation due to insufficient information.
Referring to fig. 1, for a network architecture diagram shown in the present application, as shown in fig. 1, three devices, a router a, a router B, and a router C, are connected.
The router A, the router B and the router C are in the same broadcast network, wherein the router C is an external gateway of the broadcast network. A default route to the foreign network is configured on router a, and the next hop in the default route is the IP address of interface 5 of router C. Router a and router B run the ISIS protocol and router C does not. Router a sends routing information to the foreign network to router B. Wherein, the routing information does not carry a next hop.
The router B receives the routing information and generates a route leading to the external network after route calculation; where the next hop in the route is the IP address of interface 2 of router a.
When the router B processes a packet addressed to the external network, the router B first sends the packet to the router a, and the router a forwards the packet to the router C, so that the router C sends the packet to the external network.
Compared with the path for directly forwarding the packet to the router C by the router B, the forwarding path is too long, which brings unnecessary network delay and network congestion. If the router a starts redirection detection, the router B triggers redirection of the router a after sending the above-mentioned message, further causing network delay and network congestion, and wasting bandwidth, and possibly even generating packet loss.
Referring to fig. 2, for another network architecture diagram shown in the present application, as shown in fig. 2, router a is connected to router B, router B is connected to router C, and router B is connected to router D.
The router B is configured with a first static route, the destination network segment of the first static route is 10.10.0.0/16, and the next hop of the first static route is the IP address of the interface 8 connected with the router D.
The router A is configured with a second static route, the destination network segment of the second static route is 10.10.0.0/16, and the next hop is the IP address of the interface 3 connected with the router B.
And the router A, the router B and the router C all run an ISIS protocol, wherein the router A sends the routing information in the first static route to the router B and the router C. Wherein, the routing information does not carry a next hop.
After route calculation, router C generates a route to 10.10.0.0/16, and the next hop of the route is the IP address of the interface 4 connected to router B.
Router B is configured with a route based on ISIS protocol with higher priority than the static route, and after route calculation, a route passing 10.10.0.0/16 is generated, and the next hop of the route is the IP address of interface 2 connected to router a.
In this case, router a and router B have a loop for the packet sent to segment 10.10.0.0/16, and when the packet to the segment is sent to these two routers, it will be repeatedly forwarded between the two routers. Resulting in packet loss of messages to segment 10.10.0.0/16 and also a large consumption of bandwidth between the two routers.
It is obvious that, in the prior art, since the routing information diffused by the network device running the ISIS protocol does not carry a next hop, if the network device receiving the routing information is directly connected to the network device sending the routing information, redirection and loop of the forwarding path may be caused during routing calculation, which may result in waste of bandwidth and even packet loss.
In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for routing redistribution based on ISIS, so that when a network device performs routing redistribution, a next hop is added to a part of routing information, thereby avoiding the problems of redirection and loop of a path caused by the network device receiving the routing information after routing computation.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart of a method for ISIS-based route redistribution is shown, the method being applied to a network device, and the method including the following steps:
step 301: it is determined whether the first interface local enables the ISIS protocol.
The network equipment has a plurality of interfaces operating the ISIS protocol, and redistributes the redistributed routing information through the interfaces operating the ISIS protocol.
If the network equipment has an interface which does not run the ISIS protocol, the routing information of the redistributed interface which does not run the ISIS protocol can be diffused through other interfaces.
Generally, a network device may optionally introduce new routes locally and flood the redistributed route information to other network devices running the ISIS protocol after establishing neighbor relations with the other network devices.
Before diffusing the routing information of the first interface to other network devices running the ISIS protocol, the network device firstly determines whether the first interface enables the ISIS protocol.
The first interface generally refers to any local interface, which is named for convenience of description only and does not limit the present application.
On one hand, if the ISIS protocol is not enabled on the first interface, the network device directly connected to the first interface does not have the problem as shown in fig. 1 and 2 when performing routing calculation based on the routing information of the first interface.
In this case, the network device may directly send the routing information of the first interface to the ISIS protocol-enabled network device; the routing information includes a destination network segment and a cost value. Specifically, the network device may refer to the prior art to send the routing information, which is not described in this application again.
On the other hand, if the first interface enables the ISIS protocol, when the network device directly connected to the first interface performs routing calculation based on the routing information of the first interface, the problems of redirection of forwarding path and loop may occur, and it needs to further determine whether the interface directly connected to the first interface of the network device enables the ISIS protocol.
Step 302: if so, determining whether a neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table of the first interface.
On one hand, if there is no neighbor table entry in the neighbor table of the first interface, which indicates that the interface of the network device directly connected to the first interface does not enable the ISIS protocol, the network device directly connected to the first interface does not have the problem as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 when performing the routing calculation based on the routing information of the first interface.
In this case, the network device may directly send the routing information of the first interface to the ISIS protocol-enabled network device; the routing information includes a destination network segment and a cost value. Specifically, the network device may refer to the prior art to send the routing information, which is not described in this application again.
On the other hand, if the first interface has a neighbor entry, it indicates that the interface, to which the network device corresponding to the neighbor entry is connected, of the first interface enables the ISIS protocol, and when the network device corresponding to the neighbor entry performs routing calculation based on the routing information, the problems of forwarding path redirection and loop may occur.
Step 303: if yes, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and an overhead value.
When the first interface enables the ISIS protocol and the neighbor table entry exists, and the network device diffuses the routing information of the first interface, the next hop may be added to the routing information, and then the routing information is sent to the network device enabling the ISIS protocol.
Specifically, if the network device is in an IPv4 network environment, when the extended IP reachable TLV is used to carry the routing information of the first interface, the sub-TLV therein may be used to carry an IPv4 next hop; the sub-TLV is of type 132.
If the network device is in the network environment of IPv6, when the IPv6 reachable TLV is used to carry the routing information of the first interface, the sub-TLV therein may be used to carry the IPv6 next hop; the sub-TLV is of type 232.
The network equipment receiving the route information carrying the next hop can more accurately perform route calculation, thereby avoiding redirection and loop of the forwarding path.
In this embodiment of the present application, the network device may also receive routing information sent by other network devices that enable the ISIS protocol, and process the received routing information.
The network device receives the routing information, and firstly determines whether the routing information carries a next hop.
On one hand, if the routing information does not carry a next hop, the network device may refer to the prior art to perform routing calculation based on the routing information, which is not described herein again.
On the other hand, if the routing information carries a next hop, which means that the routing information is sent by the network device corresponding to the local neighbor table entry, it may be further determined whether the next hop is a local address.
If the next hop is a local address, the routing information may be omitted directly as in the case of the router B in fig. 2, so as to avoid generating a loop after the routing calculation.
If the next hop is not a local address, it may be further determined whether a neighbor entry corresponding to a sender of the routing information exists.
Specifically, the network device may search a local neighbor table based on the IP address of the sender of the routing information, and determine whether a corresponding neighbor table entry exists.
In one aspect, if there is no neighbor entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information, the network device may ignore the next hop in the routing information and then perform routing computations based on the routing information.
On the other hand, if there is a neighbor entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information, the network device may perform routing calculations based on the routing information.
Specifically, the network device may determine whether the next hop in the routing information and the local IP address are in the same subnet. And under the condition that the next hop and the local IP address are in the same subnet, taking the next hop as the next hop of the destination network segment leading to the routing information.
The description is made with reference to the network architecture diagram shown in fig. 1.
The router A determines that the interface 2 enables the ISIS protocol, and a neighbor table entry corresponding to the interface 3 exists in a neighbor table of the interface 2, so that routing information to an external network is diffused to the router B; wherein the routing information carries a next hop.
The router B receives the routing information, determines that the next hop is not a local address and has a neighbor table entry corresponding to the router A, and then obtains a route leading to an external network after route calculation; where the next hop in the route is the IP address of interface 5 of router C.
Under the condition, when the router B processes the message sent to the external network, the message does not need to be sent to the router A, the forwarding path is shortened, and the network delay and the network blockage caused by redirection are avoided.
The description is made with reference to the network architecture diagram shown in fig. 2.
Router a determines that interface 2 enables the ISIS protocol and there is a neighbor table entry corresponding to interface 3 in the neighbor table of interface 2, and thus diffuses the routing information in the first static route described above to router B and router C. Wherein the routing information carries a next hop.
The router C is not directly connected to the router a, and after the route calculation, a route to 10.10.0.0/16 is generated, and the next hop of the route is the IP address of the interface 4 connected to the router C on the router B.
The router B receives the routing information, checks the IP address of the interface 3 that determines that the next hop in the routing information is local, and thus can ignore the routing information in the routing calculation.
In this case, a loop does not exist between the router B and the router a, and bandwidth waste and packet loss caused by the loop are avoided.
In summary, in the technical solution of the present application, before diffusing the routing information of the local first interface, the network device may determine whether the first interface starts an ISIS protocol, if the first interface starts the ISIS protocol, it may further determine whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface, and if the neighbor table entry exists, send the routing information of the first interface to add a next hop;
after receiving the routing information, the device corresponding to the neighbor table entry can more accurately acquire the status of network connection based on the next hop in the routing information, more accurately perform routing calculation, and avoid the problem of redirection or loop of a forwarding path in the follow-up process, thereby solving the problems of bandwidth waste and packet loss.
Corresponding to the foregoing embodiments of the method for routing redistribution based on ISIS, the present application also provides embodiments of an apparatus for routing redistribution based on ISIS.
Referring to fig. 4, a block diagram of an embodiment of an ISIS-based route redistribution apparatus is shown in the present application:
as shown in fig. 4, the ISIS-based routing redistribution apparatus 40 includes:
a first determining unit 410, configured to determine whether the local first interface enables the ISIS protocol.
A second determining unit 420, configured to determine whether a neighbor entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface if yes.
A sending unit 430, configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the first interface is a first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment, a next hop and an overhead value.
In this example, the apparatus further comprises:
the sending unit 430 is further configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the ISIS protocol is not enabled for the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and a cost value; or the like, or, alternatively,
if the first interface starts an ISIS protocol and no neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information comprises a destination network segment and an overhead value.
In this example, the apparatus further comprises:
a receiving unit 440 (not shown in the figure) is configured to receive the routing information and determine whether the routing information carries a next hop.
The first determining unit 410 is further configured to determine whether the next hop is a local address if the routing information carries the next hop.
The second determining unit 420 is further configured to determine whether the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information exists if the next hop is not a local address.
A calculating unit 450 (not shown in the figure) for performing a route calculation based on the route information, if any.
In this example, the apparatus further comprises:
an ignoring unit 460 (not shown in the figure) for ignoring the routing information if the next hop is a local address.
In this example, the apparatus further comprises:
the calculating unit 450 (not shown in the figure) is further configured to, if the neighbor table entry corresponding to the sender of the routing information does not exist, ignore the next hop, and perform routing calculation based on the routing information.
The embodiment of the routing redistribution device based on ISIS can be applied to network equipment. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of hardware and software. The software implementation is taken as an example, and is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in the nonvolatile memory into the memory for operation through the processor of the network device where the software implementation is located as a logical means. From a hardware aspect, as shown in fig. 5, the hardware structure diagram of the network device where the ISIS-based routing redistribution apparatus of the present application is located is shown, except for the processor, the memory, the network interface, and the nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 5, the network device where the apparatus is located in the embodiment may also include other hardware according to the actual function of the ISIS-based routing redistribution apparatus, which is not described again.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for routing redistribution based on ISIS is applied to network equipment and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the network equipment is used as a sender and executes the following method:
determining whether a local first interface enables an ISIS protocol;
if yes, determining whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface;
if yes, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment, a next hop of the equipment and an overhead value;
the network equipment is used as a receiving party and executes the following method:
receiving routing information sent by a sender, and determining whether the routing information sent by the sender carries a sender next hop or not;
if the sender next hop is carried, determining whether the sender next hop is a local address;
and if the next hop of the sender is the local address, ignoring the routing information sent by the sender.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the network device acts as a sender, and wherein the method further comprises:
if the first interface does not start the ISIS protocol, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment and a cost value; or the like, or, alternatively,
if the first interface starts an ISIS protocol and no neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment and an overhead value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the network device acts as a recipient, the method further comprising:
if the next hop of the sender is not the local address, determining whether a neighbor table entry of the sender corresponding to the routing information sent by the sender exists;
if so, performing routing calculation based on the routing information sent by the sender.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the network device acts as a recipient, the method further comprising:
and if the neighbor table entry of the sender corresponding to the routing information sent by the sender does not exist, ignoring the next hop of the sender, and executing routing calculation based on the routing information sent by the sender.
5. An ISIS-based routing redistribution device applied to a network device is characterized by comprising:
the network equipment is used as a sender and comprises the following units:
the first determining unit is used for determining whether a local first interface enables an ISIS protocol;
a second determining unit, configured to determine whether a neighbor table entry exists in a neighbor table of the first interface if the first interface is a first interface;
a sending unit, configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the first interface is a first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment, a next hop of the equipment and an overhead value;
the network equipment is used as a receiving party and comprises the following units:
the receiving unit is used for receiving the routing information sent by the sender and determining whether the routing information sent by the sender carries the next hop of the sender;
the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the sender next hop is a local address if the sender next hop is carried;
and the ignoring unit is used for ignoring the routing information sent by the sender if the next hop of the sender is a local address.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the network device is a sender, and wherein the apparatus further comprises:
the sending unit is further configured to send the routing information of the first interface if the ISIS protocol is not enabled for the first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment and a cost value; or the like, or, alternatively,
if the first interface starts an ISIS protocol and no neighbor table entry exists in the neighbor table, sending the routing information of the first interface; the routing information of the first interface comprises a destination network segment and an overhead value.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
the second determining unit is further configured to determine whether a neighbor table entry of the sender exists corresponding to the routing information sent by the sender if the sender next hop is not a local address;
and the calculating unit is used for executing route calculation based on the route information sent by the sender if the route calculation exists.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the network device serves as a receiver, and wherein the apparatus further comprises:
the calculating unit is further configured to, if there is no neighbor table entry of the sender corresponding to the routing information sent by the sender, ignore the next hop of the sender, and perform routing calculation based on the routing information sent by the sender.
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| US9300568B2 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-03-29 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Procedure to add alternate paths for IS-IS default route |
| CN105323163A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-02-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Routing calculation method and device based on ISIS |
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| CN101984596A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-03-09 | 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 | Method, device and routing equipment for avoiding black holes |
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