CN107910638A - Micro-strip radiating element and antenna for 5G systems - Google Patents
Micro-strip radiating element and antenna for 5G systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN107910638A CN107910638A CN201711016975.3A CN201711016975A CN107910638A CN 107910638 A CN107910638 A CN 107910638A CN 201711016975 A CN201711016975 A CN 201711016975A CN 107910638 A CN107910638 A CN 107910638A
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- radiating element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The present invention is provided to the micro-strip radiating element and antenna of 5G systems, micro-strip radiating element includes pcb board material (1), metal guides piece (2), radiator, ground plane (6) into, pcb board material (1) is base material, radiator is copper clad layers, is attached to pcb board material (1) upper surface；Metal is guided piece (2) into and is suspended in directly over radiator；Ground plane (6) is copper clad layers, is attached to pcb board material (1) lower surface；The radiator includes radiating principal (3) and microstrip line (5), microstrip line (5) intersects at distributing point L1 at distributing point L1 with radiating principal (3), microstrip line (5) is identical with the direction of radiating principal (3), and microstrip line (5) is equipped with matching section (4).The radiating element that the present invention designs, using microband paste a period of time form, simple for structure, assembling quickly, and provides favourable technical foundation for the miniaturization of 5G antenna for base station.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of single applied to the micro-strip radiation under 5G systems the present invention relates to antenna radiation unit technical field
Member and antenna.
Background technology
With the development of mobile Internet and Internet of Things, the network rate of 4G mobile communcations systems, network capacity, terminal connect
Connect quantity and time delay of eating dishes without rice or wine has been unable to meet the demand of market and technological evolvement, future needs wider bandwidth, speed higher, power consumption
Lower, time delay is shorter and the more dense safer 4.5G and 5G technologies of connection.
The needs of reply mobile communcations system of future generation, 4.5G and 5G antenna for base station will be different from current conventional basestation antennas
Form, will occur in the form of array.Antenna radiation unit under array form will directly cascade T/R active blocks, and antenna is having
Source component and system control it is lower can and meanwhile support level and vertical plane beam shaping.Due to involving the need for active block and system
For radiating element being precisely controlled into line amplitude and phase, so closely spaced array is built-in at the same time to be integrated with amplitude/phase calibration
Network, this calibration network will be strict controlled in defined value range from calibration mouth to each path radiation element amplitude and phase
It is interior.In consideration of it, antenna for base station will be faced with huge challenge, traditional base station antenna has been unable to meet the demand of 5G systems, and makees
The challenge being subject to for the radiating element of antenna core component is even more to stand in the breach.
In the prior art, the radiating element of antenna is realized generally by forms such as die casting, the radiation under this form
Unit not only have complicated, production difficulty is big, it is of high cost and polarization between disturb the shortcomings that big, but also 5G high bands will
Ask down, radiating element is small-sized, and accurately size has to meet again, and conventional radiation unit way of realization causes to process
Dimensional accuracy can not ensure that error is big, and under the requirement of 5G system high-frequencies section, these errors are often fatal.And the present invention is set
Not only precision is high for the micro-strip radiating element of meter, and simple in structure with more miniaturization, high-gain, directional diagram function admirable, is easy to real
The features such as existing, be the common form of future base stations antenna radiation unit suitable for following 5G communication system base stations antenna.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to solve the technical deficiency and defect of radiating element under 5G communication systems, there is provided a kind of
High band, high-gain, high accuracy, single polarization, Mini Microstrip radiating element, and respective antenna is provided.
The present invention provides a kind of micro-strip radiating element for 5G systems, including pcb board material 1, metal guide piece 2, radiation into
Body, ground plane 6, pcb board material 1 are base material, and radiator is copper clad layers, are attached to 1 upper surface of pcb board material；Metal guides piece 2 into and suspends
Directly over radiator；Ground plane 6 is copper clad layers, is attached to 1 lower surface of pcb board material；The radiator includes 3 He of radiating principal
Microstrip line 5, microstrip line 5 intersect at the direction phase of distributing point L1 at distributing point L1, microstrip line 5 and radiating principal 3 with radiating principal 3
Together, microstrip line 5 is equipped with matching section 4.
Moreover, microstrip line 5 uses 50 ohm microstrips, its size is length in 13~16mm, width 0.6~
1.2mm。
Moreover, the frequency range of micro-strip radiating element work supports 4.7GHz~5.1GHz.
Moreover, be designed with 3 distributing point L1 of radiating principal one matching groove, when work frequency range for 4.7GHz~
5.1GHz, its size are 2.5mm~2.7mm for length, and width is 1.8mm~2.8mm.
Moreover, the matching section 4 is 6.4mm apart from distributing point L1 distances, when the frequency range of work is 4.7GHz~5.1GHz,
Its size is 3.5mm~4.0mm for length, and width is 1.5mm~2.5mm.
Moreover, microstrip line 5 and horizontal direction are placed forms ± 45 ° of ultra-wideband antennas in ± 45 ° of angles, or with level
Direction forms horizontal polarization radiating element in 0 ° of angle, or can form vertical polarization radiation list in 90 ° of angles with horizontal direction
Member.
Moreover, the radiating element of polarization separation is formed for combining.
Moreover, the metal guides piece 2 into guides piece into for a square metal material, it is apart from 3 vertical height of radiating principal
2.0mm~6.0mm, when the frequency range of work is 4.7GHz~5.1GHz, its size is 22.0mm~25.0mm for length, wide
It is 1.0mm~2.0mm to spend for 22.0mm~25.0mm, thickness..
Moreover, it is 0.1~0.5 times of wavelength that the size of radiating principal 3, which includes width W with length L, W, L is 0.15~0.3 times
Wavelength, its medium wavelength are in free space calculated value with 4.7GHz~5.1GHz center frequency points.
Moreover, the selection type of the pcb board material 1 is Rogers 4730JXR plates.
The present invention also provides a kind of antenna, using the micro-strip radiating element for being used for 5G systems as described above.The present invention provides
A kind of 5G systems micro-strip radiating element, using feed microstrip line, size is small, simple in structure, to realize that antenna miniaturization is established
Fixed basis；It is a planar structure, global formation, later stage assembling is simple, and reliability is high, reduces and is brought during manufacturing
Various uncertain problems.The present invention compared with prior art, suitable for 4.7GHz~5.1GHz frequency ranges, not only has anti-
The features such as interference is strong, and high gain, standing-wave ratio is good, directional diagram function admirable, and microstrip line way of realization can make radiation list
Elemental size is small, precision higher, it is easier to the realization and control of index, so that antenna for base station complete machine does thinner, also smaller
Type, performance is more stable, and production cost is low, and assembling is more succinct, and production efficiency improves, simple in structure, reliable using installation.This hair
Bright design maintains the leading position in the world, will be widely used in 5G technology applications, has important market value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the antenna radiation unit front plan view of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the antenna radiation unit side schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the antenna radiation unit back side top view of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the 4.7GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the 4.8GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the 4.9GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the 5.0GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the 5.1GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the horizontal half power lobe width signal of 4.7/4.8/4.9/5.0/5.1GHz frequency points of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Figure 10 is the 4.7/4.8/4.9/5.0/5.1GHz frequency point S11 curve maps of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the 4.7/4.8/4.9/5.0/5.1GHz frequency point VSWR curve maps of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is two kinds of form schematic diagrames of ± 45 ° of dual-polarization radiating units of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The radiating element that the present invention designs, using microband paste a period of time form, simple for structure, assembling quickly, and is 5G
Antenna for base station miniaturization provides favourable technical foundation.
Below by attached drawing in conjunction with the embodiments, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
5G epoch high band array antenna phase requirements need coaxial cable extremely high precision controlling, are difficult often
Realize, and the present invention can eliminate this respect influence, reach and phase is accurately controlled, so as to substantially increase mobile communication
Performance.Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the radiating element that the present invention designs uses planar structure, global formation, mainly by pcb board material
1st, metal is guided piece 2, radiator, ground plane 6 into and is formed, and pcb board material 1 is base material, and radiator is copper clad layers, is attached to pcb board material 1
Upper surface；Metal is guided piece 2 into and is suspended in directly over radiator；Ground plane 6 is copper clad layers, is attached to 1 lower surface of pcb board material；Institute
Stating radiator includes radiating principal 3 and microstrip line 5, and microstrip line 5 intersects at distributing point L1 at distributing point L1 with radiating principal 3, micro-
It is identical with the direction of radiating principal 3 with line 5, one section of matching section 4 is designed with microstrip line 5.This unique texture is pioneering, is existing
Have what is do not occurred in technology.
Pcb board material 1 is base material in embodiment, and radiator is the copper clad layers that thickness is 0.035mm, is attached to PCB upper surfaces；
When metal guides piece 2 into by HFSS software emulations, it can set and be suspended in directly over radiator at 4mm, when being realized on concrete engineering,
It is fixed on using plastic supporting pieces one end on pcb board material, the other end is used to support fixation and guides piece into；Ground plane 6 is 0.035mm's
Copper clad layers, are attached to PCB lower surface.When it is implemented, the design parameter value of the radiation element can be by with HFSS simulation softwares
Emulation forms.
Wherein,
Pcb board material 1 for select Rogers's PCB Rogers 4730JXR plates, dielectric constant εr=3.0, length and width ruler
It is very little to correspond to 50mm*50mm, thickness h=0.762mm.This plate possesses that the loss of signal is small, and PIM values are excellent, and insertion loss is low,
The advantages of low-density, circuit uniformity is good.
The metal guides piece 2 into and guides piece into for a square metal material, apart from 3 vertical height of radiator for 2.0mm~
6.0mm, when the frequency range of work is 4.7GHz~5.1GHz, its size is 22.0mm~25.0mm for length, and width is
22.0mm~25.0mm, thickness are 1.0mm~2.0mm, i.e. 22.0mm*22.0mm*1.0mm~25.0*25.0*2.0mm.Implement
In example, metal guides sheet metal of the piece 2 for 22mm*22mm*1mm into, apart from the height H=4mm of radiation fin 3, HFSS into
When row radiating element emulates, piece is guided into by loading a metal, can play improves radiating element voltage standing wave ratio and level
The effect of beam angle index, its size and height pass through simulating, verifying.
In embodiment, radiator is covered on pcb board material for the layers of copper that thickness is 0.035mm with covering process for copper, by radiating
Main body 3, matching section 4 and 50 ohm of microstrip line 5 are formed.Wherein radiating principal 3 is Net long wave radiation part, plays radiation signal
Transmitting-receiving acts on, and is covered with pcb board material in 45 ° of angles of level in plate upper surface.A groove is designed with radiating principal 3,
Play match circuit；Distributing point L1 is located at center inside groove, draws one section at distributing point and radiating principal 3 is identical
50 ohm microstrips 5 in direction, play the role of match circuit and signal transmission.Matching section 4 in 50 ohm microstrips 5, away from
It is 6.4mm with a distance from distributing point L1, plays circuit matching effect.The size W and L of radiating principal 3 are calculated and emulated by formula
Size after optimization, width W is 0.1~0.5 times of wavelength in embodiment, and length L is 0.15~0.3 times of wavelength, its medium wavelength is
With 4.7GHz~5.1GHz center frequency points in free space calculated value, including the light velocity is with C=3.0*108M/s speed is in free sky
Between middle propagation, wavelength is with formula at this timeCalculate income value.
In embodiment, when designing radiating element shape, 3 width W of radiating principal can be calculated according to microstrip antenna formula first
With the theoretical value of length L, for the sake of ease of implementation, there is provided microstrip antenna formula is as follows：
Wherein, εeEffective dielectric constant is represented, Δ L is equivalent radiated power gap length.C=3.0*108M/s, frequency selection purposes
The center frequency point f=4.9GHz of frequency range, pcb board material permittivity εr=3.0 and h=0.762mm substitute into formula calculate W with
L.Then 50 ohm of matching feed positions of radiating element can pass through formula calculating out position L1, i.e. distributing point L1 is from radiation master
The distance of the length of long sides (L directions) of body 3：
Wherein,ξreTo simplify the intermediate variable that formula expression proposes.
Finally by model is established in HFSS, after simulation optimization, the size W=of radiation element can be finally drawn
11.6mm L=17.3mm.
The position of distributing point, also by simulation optimization, can be finally obtained apart from radiator length of side L in HFSS simulation models
It is L on direction1=2.55mm, is placed in the middle on W directions.
For more preferable match circuit parameter, by emulation in HFSS, a groove, Ran Houji can be formed at distributing point
The line width of matched 50 ohm of microstrip line 5 is calculated, and passes through simulation optimization, the length of 14.6mm, width 0.7mm, from
Groove is drawn.It is length L after the size simulation optimization of groove1=2.55mm, width 2.5mm, i.e., in 4 liang of 50 ohm microstrip
Respectively there is the length of side that a width is 0.9mm on side.
To reach more preferable Circuit Matching, increasing in 50 ohm microstrips 4 has one section by the matching after simulation optimization
Section 4 is finely adjusted, its size is 3.7mm*1.9mm.
Microstrip line radiating element provided by the invention, using feed microstrip line, 50 ohm microstrips using lump port into
Row energization carrys out simulation optimization.By rotation ± 45 ° of angles can be presented with X-coordinate axle in diagram in radiating surface, so as to become ± 45 ° of poles
Change, discharged side by side with the two 45 ° of ultra-wideband antennas formed after -45 ° of rotations by+45 ° and be combined into ± 45 ° of poles
Change separated radiating element, as shown in figure 12.Not only cross polarization than good, but also can also rise this form radiation element on isolation
To improvement.It can also form horizontal polarization radiating element when being in 0 ° of angle with horizontal direction.Its microstrip line and horizontal direction
During in 90 ° of angles, vertical polarization radiating element can be formed, is applicable to different scenes.There is a 0.035mm at the pcb board material back side
Ground plane 6 of the thickness copper clad layers as radiating element.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the radiating element designed based on the present invention establishes model in HFSS simulation softwares
Afterwards, start to emulate, each frequency point directional diagram index result can be obtained.Fig. 4 is 4.7GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames, numerical value 8.72dB；
Fig. 5 is 4.8GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames, numerical value 8.84dB；Fig. 6 is 4.9GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames, and numerical value is
8.98dB；Fig. 7 is 5.0GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames, numerical value 9.08dB；Fig. 8 is 5.1GHz frequency point gain schematic diagrames, numerical value
For 9.19dB；Fig. 9 is 4.7/4.8/4.9/5.0/5.1GHz frequency point horizontal plane half power lobe width schematic diagrames, and 4.7GHz is
65.30 °, 4.8GHz is 64.32 °, and 4.9GHz is 63.33 °, and 5.0GHz is 62.32 °, and 5.1GHz is 61.33 °；Figure 10 is 4.7/
4.8/4.9/5.0/5.1GHz frequency point return loss S11 curve maps, 4.7GHz are -9.86dB, and 4.8GHz is -19.18dB,
4.9GHz is -25.01dB, and 5.0GHz is -17.57dB, and 5.1GHz is -17.06dB；Figure 11 is 4.7/4.8/4.9/5.0/
5.1GHz frequency point voltage standing wave ratio VSWR curve maps, 4.7GHz 1.95,4.8GHz 1.25,4.9GHz 1.12,5.0GHz
For 1.30,5.1GHz 1.33.
When it is implemented, the micro-strip radiating element group battle array as described above for 5G systems can be used to provide antenna for base station.
Embodiment described above only expresses certain embodiment of the present invention, its description is more specific and detailed, right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading over this specification, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it can also do
Go out several modifications and improvements, these belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of micro-strip radiating element for 5G systems, including pcb board material (1), metal guide piece (2), radiator, ground plane into
(6), pcb board material (1) is base material, and radiator is copper clad layers, is attached to pcb board material (1) upper surface；Metal guides piece (2) suspension into
Directly over radiator；Ground plane (6) is copper clad layers, is attached to pcb board material (1) lower surface；The radiator, which includes radiation, to be led
Body (3) and microstrip line (5), microstrip line (5) intersect at distributing point L1 at distributing point L1, microstrip line (5) and spoke with radiating principal (3)
It is identical to penetrate the direction of main body (3), microstrip line (5) is equipped with matching section (4).
2. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Microstrip line (5) uses 50 Europe
Nurse microstrip line, its size are length in 13~16mm, and width is in 0.6~1.2mm.
3. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The work of micro-strip radiating element
Frequency range supports 4.7GHz~5.1GHz.
4. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Radiating principal (3) distributing point
A matching groove is designed with L1, when the frequency range of work be 4.7GHz~5.1GHz, its size be length be 2.5mm~
2.7mm, width are 1.8mm~2.8mm.
5. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Microstrip line (5) is equipped with one
Section matching section (4), the matching section (4) apart from distributing point L1 distance be 6.4mm, when work frequency range be 4.7GHz~
5.1GHz, its size are 3.5mm~4.0mm for length, and width is 1.5mm~2.5mm.
6. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：Microstrip line
(5) placed with horizontal direction and form ± 45 ° of ultra-wideband antennas in ± 45 ° of angles, or formed with horizontal direction in 0 ° of angle
Horizontal polarization radiating element, or with horizontal direction vertical polarization radiating element can be formed in 90 ° of angles.
7. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：For group
Close the radiating element for forming polarization separation.
8. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：The gold
Category guides piece (2) into and guides piece into for a square metal material, is 2.0mm~6.0mm apart from radiating principal (3) vertical height, when
The frequency range of work is 4.7GHz~5.1GHz, its size is 22.0mm~25.0mm for length, width for 22.0mm~
25.0mm, thickness are 1.0mm~2.0mm..
9. it is used for the micro-strip radiating element of 5G systems according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：Radiation master
It is 0.1~0.5 times of wavelength that the size of body (3), which includes width W and length L, W, and L is 0.15~0.3 times of wavelength, its medium wavelength for
4.7GHz~5.1GHz center frequency points are in free space calculated value.
A kind of 10. antenna, it is characterised in that：Using the micro-strip radiating element for being used for 5G systems as described in claim 1-9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711016975.3A CN107910638A (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Micro-strip radiating element and antenna for 5G systems |
| PCT/CN2018/095603 WO2019080547A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-07-13 | Microstrip radiation unit and antenna for use in 5g system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711016975.3A CN107910638A (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Micro-strip radiating element and antenna for 5G systems |
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| CN201711016975.3A Pending CN107910638A (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Micro-strip radiating element and antenna for 5G systems |
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| WO (1) | WO2019080547A1 (en) |
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| WO2019080547A1 (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-02 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Microstrip radiation unit and antenna for use in 5g system |
| CN110311224A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 深圳锐越微技术有限公司 | Small spacing micro-strip antenna array |
| CN110444894A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarisation wearable antenna based on graphene flexible conductive film |
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| CN109037937A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 北方工业大学 | Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna applied to satellite positioning |
| CN110311224A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 深圳锐越微技术有限公司 | Small spacing micro-strip antenna array |
| CN110444894A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarisation wearable antenna based on graphene flexible conductive film |
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| WO2019080547A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
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