CN107909283A - A kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value - Google Patents
A kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fire prevention technique field, specifically a kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value.It is characterized in that it comprises the following steps, the first step：Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system is established, it includes four destination layer, first class index, two-level index and three-level index levels；Second step：Weight of the indexs at different levels with respect to upper level index is calculated, calculates total weight of each index for destination layer；3rd step：The specific score of indexs at different levels；4th step：Determine the destination layer i.e. grade of Urban Fire Risk.The present invention can improve the normalization, objectivity and comparativity of fire risk assessment.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to fire prevention technique field, specifically a kind of Urban Fire Risk based on a reference value
Appraisal procedure.
【Background technology】
In recent years, with the development of science and technology, countries in the world scholar has carried out positive exploration to Urban Fire Risk assessment
And good try, it is proposed that a variety of appraisement systems, up to the present, China do not promulgate that Urban Fire Risk is assessed yet
Standardization system and method.But scholars propose Urban Fire Risk evaluation system in, below generally existing there is an urgent need for
Solve the problems, such as, such as：Selecting index is excessively macroscopical, ignores the fire-fighting feature investigation in Typical Urban place, town is not known
Exclusive fire risk, new fire-fighting policy is not involved in index system etc..Existing fire risk assessment system is general
All over lacking globality and comprehensive.
【The content of the invention】
To solve existing Urban Fire Risk evaluation system imperfection, quantification of targets is given a mark the defects of more subjective, this
Invention proposes a kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value.This method initially sets up Urban Fire Risk assessment
Index system, using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), determines each layer index weights, then determines weight of each index for general objective, final true
Determine comprehensive weight, and by establishing unified criterion (a reference value), to realize whole quantification treatments of evaluation index, so that
Improve normalization, objectivity and the comparativity of fire risk assessment.
Technical solution is used by order to realize the object of the invention：A kind of Urban Fire Risk assessment based on a reference value
Method, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps.
The first step：Establish Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system, it include destination layer, first class index, two-level index and
Four levels of three-level index.
Destination layer includes Urban Fires risk level and Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal, and fire risk level includes city
Regional Risk feature and place fire risk feature, Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal to include fire disasters protection level, public fire protection base
Infrastructure and fire fighting and rescue ability：First class index includes urban area feature of risk, place fire risk feature, fire disasters protection
Horizontal, public fire protection infrastructure and fire fighting and rescue ability.
Urban area feature of risk includes social factor, human factor, economic factor, industry distribution factor and history fire
Factor；Place fire risk feature is built including the underground space, enterprise-class unit, regional place, Commercial Complex, high level
Build, crowded place, ten small places；Fire disasters protection is horizontal to disappear including fire-fighting legal construction, government department's shoe duty situation, the public
Anti- safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education are thrown with training and fire-fighting funds；Public fire protection infrastructure includes fire station, miniature disappears
Anti- station, fire fighting supply, fire lane, fire communication and fire-fighting equipment；Fire fighting and rescue ability is organized including the city People's Government
Work out and promulgate fire accidents emergency preplan, 15 minutes responsivenesses of fire-fighting and average fire attack time；Two-level index includes
Social factor, human factor, economic factor, industry distribution factor, history pyric factor, the underground space, enterprise-class unit, region
Property place, Commercial Complex, skyscraper, crowded place, ten small places, fire-fighting legal construction, government department carry out duty feelings
Condition, public fire safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education are with training with, fire-fighting funds throwings, fire station, miniature fire station, fire-fighting confession
Water, fire lane, fire communication, fire-fighting equipment, the city People's Government tissue work out and promulgate fire accidents emergency preplan,
15 minutes responsivenesses of fire-fighting and average fire attack time.
Second step：Calculate weight of the indexs at different levels with respect to upper level index.
Each first class index constructs judgment matrix A relative to the relative weighting of destination layerij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Similarly
By each two-level index judgment matrix B is constructed relative to the relative weighting of first class indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Each three-level refers to
Mark constructs judgment matrix C relative to the relative weighting of two-level indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Each element in judgment matrix
Numerical value is provided according to after former years data information, Chou Zu expert groups opinion comprehensive analysis；The element a of judgment matrixijWith 1~9 mark
Degree method provides, its implication is as shown in table 1.
Element a in 1 judgment matrix of tableij1-9 scaling laws and its implication
| Scale Aij | Implication |
| 1 | I and j elements are of equal importance |
| 3 | I is somewhat more important than j element |
| 5 | I is more important than j element |
| 7 | I is more particularly significant than j element |
| 9 | I is more absolutely essential than j element |
| 2,4,6,8 | Between the median of two adjacent judgment values |
| It is reciprocal | Index AiWith AjCompared to judgment value Aij, then AjWith AiCompared to Aji=1/Aij |
Mode of Level Simple Sequence is to be calculated according to judgment matrix for last layer index, this layer of index associated finger therewith
The weights of target significance sequence, can be attributed to the consistency check of calculating matrix maximum eigenvalue and feature vector and matrix
Problem, so-called consistency check refers to determine A inconsistent allowed band, by coincident indicator formula
It is calculated；It is as shown in table 2 to introduce the value of average homogeneity index RI, RI, random consistency ration CRn=CIn/RIn(n ＞
=1), if calculating random consistency ration CR ＜ 0.1, that is, think that judgment matrix has satisfied uniformity.
The value of 2 coincident indicator RI of table
| Index number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| RI | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.9 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.38 | 1.41 | 1.46 |
Calculate total weight of each index for destination layer；
According to the Computing Principle of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), total sequence consistency ratio formula is utilized
Carry out consistency check；And calculate total weight w of each index for destination layer.
3rd step：The specific score of indexs at different levels.
By drawing the score of specific three-level index compared with a reference value, the score of every three-level index is referred to this
Mark corresponding weighted value to be multiplied, and add up, obtain assessment comprehensive score to the end, assess the calculation formula of comprehensive score such as
Under：
Comprehensive score=∑ (certain index score × this index weights)/∑ (indices weight)
4th step：Determine the destination layer i.e. grade of Urban Fire Risk；
Urban Fire Risk grade classification is 5 grades, the comprehensive score being calculated by above method and level of building fire risk it
Between correspondence it is as shown in table 3 below；
Correspondence between 3 comprehensive score of table and level of building fire risk
| Evaluation result (is divided) | Less than 60 | 60-70 | 70-80 | 80-90 | 90-100 |
| Risk class | It is high | It is higher | Generally | It is relatively low | It is extremely low |
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The method of the invention calculating process is simple, can be according to reality
Border situation adjusting parameter, applicability are wide.Urban Fire Risk index system based on a reference value structure is from fire risk feature
Analyzed with prevention and control level, the index for solving the index of forefathers' structure pays attention to the evaluation index of fire prevention and control level, neglects
The slightly phenomenon of the fire risk feature in city itself or only less index characterization Urban Fires danger feature is perfect
Evaluation index system；Propose the quantification treatment standard of index, it is determined that the desired value or a reference value of index, improve assessment
Normalization, and multiple cities can be assessed, improve the comparative of assessment result between city, understand assessment city
The Countermeasures of Fire Protection measure that the weak link of city's Fire Fighting Construction and remaining city have been taken, proposes the perspective fire-fighting in assessment city
Risk management and control strategy, new approaches and theoretical foundation are provided for assessment urban fire control level of security.
【Brief description of the drawings】
The present invention is further described with embodiment for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system figure.
Fig. 2 is a reference value figure of evaluation index in index system.
【Embodiment】
The invention will be further described with specific implementation example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and a certain city in Hubei Province is carried out
Urban Fire Risk is assessed.
In embodiment, a kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value, it is characterised in that it includes following
Step.
The first step：Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system is established according to Fig. 1, it includes destination layer, first class index, two level
Four levels of index and three-level index.
Destination layer includes Urban Fires risk level and Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal, and fire risk level includes city
Regional Risk feature and place fire risk feature, Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal to include fire disasters protection level, public fire protection base
Infrastructure and fire fighting and rescue ability；First class index includes urban area feature of risk, place fire risk feature, fire disasters protection
Horizontal, public fire protection infrastructure and fire fighting and rescue ability.
Urban area feature of risk includes social factor, human factor, economic factor, industry distribution factor and history fire
Factor；Place fire risk feature is built including the underground space, enterprise-class unit, regional place, Commercial Complex, high level
Build, crowded place, ten small places；Fire disasters protection is horizontal to disappear including fire-fighting legal construction, government department's shoe duty situation, the public
Anti- safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education are thrown with training and fire-fighting funds；Public fire protection infrastructure includes fire station, miniature disappears
Anti- station, fire fighting supply, fire lane, fire communication and fire-fighting equipment；Fire fighting and rescue ability is organized including the city People's Government
Work out and promulgate fire accidents emergency preplan, 15 minutes responsivenesses of fire-fighting and average fire attack time；Two-level index includes
Social factor, human factor, economic factor, industry distribution factor, history pyric factor, the underground space, enterprise-class unit, region
Property place, Commercial Complex, skyscraper, crowded place, ten small places, fire-fighting legal construction, government department carry out duty feelings
Condition, public fire safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education are with training with, fire-fighting funds throwings, fire station, miniature fire station, fire-fighting confession
Water, fire lane, fire communication, fire-fighting equipment, the city People's Government tissue work out and promulgate fire accidents emergency preplan,
15 minutes responsivenesses of fire-fighting and average fire attack time.
Second step：Calculate weight of the indexs at different levels with respect to upper level index.
Each first class index constructs judgment matrix A relative to the relative weighting of destination layerij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Similarly
By each two-level index judgment matrix B is constructed relative to the relative weighting of first class indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Each three-level refers to
Mark constructs judgment matrix C relative to the relative weighting of two-level indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Each element in judgment matrix
Numerical value is provided according to after former years data information, Chou Zu expert groups opinion comprehensive analysis；City two-level index judgment matrix A's
Value is as shown in table 4.
The element value table of 4 judgment matrix A of table
Show that 5 two-level index are respectively for the weight of destination layer by above-mentioned judgment matrix：10.1、22.6、29.9、
27.5、9.9；Consistency check result is 0.0146 ＜ 0.1.
It can similarly draw the total weight of sequence of the three-level index each element for destination layer, it is as a result as shown in table 5 below.
The final weight of 5 urban fire control security risk assessment indices of table
3rd step：Calculate the specific score of each index.
By the data information statistical analysis to the city, the result of calculation of each index is drawn out；By with the base in Fig. 2
The comparison of quasi- value draws the score of specific evaluation index；Such as：Ten thousand people possess fire fighting truck and go through people for 0.155, contrast a reference value
0.48/ten thousand people, its score are then 32.3 points；The specific score of each index is as shown in table 6.
The index score of 6 Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system of table
The scoring of every three-level index weights corresponding with the index are multiplied, and are added up, obtain assessment to the end
Comprehensive score, the calculation formula for assessing comprehensive score are as follows：
Comprehensive score=∑ (certain index score × this index weights)/∑ (indices weight)=61.94 points
4th step：Determine the destination layer i.e. grade of Urban Fire Risk.
Urban Fire Risk grade classification is 5 grades, the comprehensive score being calculated by above method and fire risk etc.
Correspondence (table 3) between level carries out control grade classification, it is known that the fire risk in the city is higher level.
The method of the invention calculating process is simple, can be wide according to actual conditions adjusting parameter, applicability.Based on a reference value
The Urban Fire Risk index system of structure is analyzed from fire risk feature and prevention and control level, solves forefathers' structure
The index of index pays attention to the evaluation index of fire prevention and control level, ignore city itself fire risk feature or only compared with
The phenomenon of few index characterization Urban Fires danger feature, perfect evaluation index system；Propose the quantification treatment mark of index
It is accurate, it is determined that the desired value or a reference value of index, improve the normalization of assessment, and multiple cities can be commented
Estimate, improve comparative, the weak link of understanding assessment urban fire control construction and remaining city of assessment result between city
The Countermeasures of Fire Protection measure taken, proposes the perspective fire-fighting risk management and control strategy in assessment city, for assessment urban fire control safety
Level provides new approaches and theoretical foundation.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Urban Fire Risk appraisal procedure based on a reference value, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps, the first step：Build
Vertical Urban Fire Risk evaluation index system, it includes four destination layer, first class index, two-level index and three-level index levels；
Destination layer includes Urban Fires risk level and Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal, and fire risk level includes urban area
Feature of risk and place fire risk feature, Urban Fires prevention and control are horizontal to be set including fire disasters protection level, public fire protection basis
Apply and fire fighting and rescue ability；First class index includes urban area feature of risk, place fire risk feature, fire disasters protection water
Flat, public fire protection infrastructure and fire fighting and rescue ability；Urban area feature of risk includes social factor, human factor, economy
Factor, industry distribution factor and history pyric factor；Place fire risk feature includes the underground space, enterprise-class unit, area
Domain property place, Commercial Complex, skyscraper, crowded place, ten small places；Fire disasters protection level is built including fire-fighting legal system
If, duty situation is carried out by government department, public fire safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education are thrown with training and fire-fighting funds；It is public to disappear
Anti- infrastructure includes fire station, miniature fire station, fire fighting supply, fire lane, fire communication and fire-fighting equipment；Fire extinguishing is rescued
Helping ability includes the tissue establishment of the city People's Government and promulgates 15 minutes fire accidents emergency preplan, fire-fighting responsivenesses and be averaged
The fire attack time；Two-level index include social factor, human factor, economic factor, industry distribution factor, history fire because
Element, the underground space, enterprise-class unit, regional place, Commercial Complex, skyscraper, crowded place, ten small places,
Fire-fighting legal construction, government department carry out duty situation, public fire safety quality, fire-fighting communication and education and training with, fire-fighting funds
Throwing, fire station, miniature fire station, fire fighting supply, fire lane, fire communication, fire-fighting equipment, city People's Government tissue are compiled
Make and promulgate fire accidents emergency preplan, 15 minutes responsivenesses of fire-fighting and average fire attack time；
Second step：Calculate weight of the indexs at different levels with respect to upper level index；
Each first class index constructs judgment matrix A relative to the relative weighting of destination layerij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；It is each with reason
Two-level index constructs judgment matrix B relative to the relative weighting of first class indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；Each three-level index phase
Judgment matrix C is constructed for the relative weighting of two-level indexij(i ＞=1；J ＞=1)；The numerical value of each element in judgment matrix
It is to be provided according to after former years data information, Chou Zu expert groups opinion comprehensive analysis；The element a of judgment matrixijWith 1~9 scale side
Method provides, its implication such as following table；
Mode of Level Simple Sequence is to be calculated according to judgment matrix for last layer index, this layer of index associated index therewith
The weights of significance sequence, the consistency check that can be attributed to calculating matrix maximum eigenvalue and feature vector and matrix are asked
Topic, so-called consistency check refers to determine A inconsistent allowed band, by coincident indicator formula
It is calculated；It is as shown in the table to introduce the value of average homogeneity index RI, RI, random consistency ration CRn=CIn/RIn(n
＞=1), if calculating random consistency ration CR ＜ 0.1, that is, think that judgment matrix has satisfied uniformity；
Calculate total weight of each index for destination layer；
According to the Computing Principle of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), total sequence consistency ratio formula is utilized
Carry out consistency check；And calculate total weight w of each index for destination layer；
3rd step：The specific score of indexs at different levels；
By drawing the score of specific three-level index compared with a reference value, by the score of every three-level index and the index pair
The weighted value answered is multiplied, and adds up, and obtains assessment comprehensive score to the end, the calculation formula for assessing comprehensive score is as follows；
Comprehensive score=∑ (certain index score × this index weights)/∑ (indices weight)
4th step：Determine the destination layer i.e. grade of Urban Fire Risk；
Urban Fire Risk grade classification is 5 grades, the comprehensive score being calculated by above method and level of building fire risk it
Between correspondence it is as shown in the table；
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| CN108805398A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-13 | 深圳市中电数通智慧安全科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method, device and mobile terminal of structural fire protection security evaluation |
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| CN109118095A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-01 | 深圳市中电数通智慧安全科技股份有限公司 | Dynamic Fire risk assessment method, device and server based on machine learning |
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