CN107909222B - Wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method and system based on intelligent fan grouping - Google Patents
Wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method and system based on intelligent fan grouping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping, which comprises the following steps: (1) the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible; (2) designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor; (3) executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest machine position point of each return collecting line as a starting point, and taking Dijkstra algorithm bit basis, (4) determining a branch line path and T-connection tower bits according to the principle that the path is shortest, the crossing is avoided, and the number of corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved routing algorithm; (5) iterative operation, namely carrying out scheme selection on the generated path; (6) according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated. A corresponding path planning system is also provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power plant engineering planning design, and particularly relates to a path design of an overhead current collection line of a wind power plant based on intelligent fan grouping.
Background
Wind power generation is used as clean energy with the most economic development value in renewable energy, and the development and utilization of wind resources are one of the important measures for energy development strategies and power structure adjustment in China. Wind energy is green and environment-friendly renewable energy, is mature in technology at present, can be used as important energy for sustainable development of industrial development, and large-scale development of wind power generation is the most realistic strategic choice for solving the shortage of energy and electric power in China.
The wind power plant engineering planning design mainly comprises fan site selection, transformer substation design (including site selection), on-site road design, fan foundation design and on-site collection line design. Wind-powered electricity generation field engineering main part is everywhere for the dispersion, keep the wind turbine generator of a determining deviation each other, because the exit end voltage of general fan generator is 690v, belong to the low voltage power supply, for reducing the line loss of on-site interconnection circuit, after stepping up, send to the station that steps up by the high-pressure interconnection circuit in the scene in unison, the high-pressure interconnection circuit that needs to be built becomes on-site current collection circuit according to the definition of wind-powered electricity generation field engineering, wind turbine point location and transformer substation position are confirmed the back and are carried the wind turbine generated electricity energy to the transformer substation through current collection circuit, in order to realize being connected.
According to the installed capacity of the wind farm, a main limit form of the wind farm needs to be determined. According to the characteristics of the fans, more unit wiring with one fan and one variable fan is adopted at present, namely, a box-type transformer meeting the single-machine capacity output of the fans is arranged beside each fan. Meanwhile, in order to improve the safe and reliable operation of the whole wind power plant, the installed capacity scale of the 50MW wind power plant is taken as an example, and the main wiring mode of about 3-4 loops is suitable. The safe operation requirement of the wind turbine generator can be met under the control protection of the existing fan and the protection configuration of the box transformer substation, and certain collection point line engineering quantity can be saved in a pole combination mode.
The current collection line mode in the wind power plant can adopt an overhead line mode and can also adopt a cable laying mode. According to the current situation of the power market, the investment of a general power cable line is far higher than that of an overhead line and is multiplied by several levels. Therefore, except that the wind power plants in individual regions only can adopt direct-buried cables due to the restriction of land resources and environmental factors, most wind power plants are in remote regions with rain, the smoke is rare, and meanwhile, on the premise of less influence on the environment, the mode that the current collection lines in the fields adopt overhead lines is adopted in most forms. The overhead collecting line is used as a part of the design of the wind power plant, the selection of the path is crucial to the overall design quality of the line, and whether the safety, economy and reasonability of the collecting line are directly influenced by the correctness of the path selection.
The selection of the collecting line path of the wind power plant generally follows the following points:
1. and (4) capacity limitation. At present, the total capacity of the units carried by a single-circuit 35kV line of a wind power plant is generally not more than 30MW, and the capacity of a single-circuit 10kV line is generally not more than 10 MW.
2. The path selection is as short as possible. The method has the advantages that the route is short, the engineering cost is low, the construction maintenance amount is less, the electric energy loss in the route is less, the route is required to be straight as much as possible, and the tortuous and circuitous route is avoided, so that the ideal route is a straight line. However, because the path actually selected by the fan distribution and the influence of various obstacles is often a broken line formed by connecting a plurality of corner points, when selecting a route path, the corner or few corners should be avoided as much as possible according to the principle that the route runs straight, especially the corner with large degree should be avoided to make the route shortest.
3. Avoiding the restricted area. The line path in the wind power plant needs to avoid wind turbine generators, delivery lines and areas needing avoidance, such as flammable and explosive areas, villages and protection areas.
4. Cross-over between the lines is avoided. The wind power plant has more branch lines of a collecting line, cross spanning between branches and between the branches and a main line is avoided as much as possible during path selection, construction and operation and inspection difficulty is increased, and a T connection mode is generally adopted when the branch lines are connected with the main line.
5. The external angle of the corner point of the line path does not exceed 90 degrees.
In the prior art, a mature design method for planning an overhead collector line path is not available, for example, in chinese patent application CN107357965A, a designer usually tries to plan paths for multiple times according to experience and specific projects in combination with the above design rules, and selects a relatively preferred collector line path within limited time and cost, so that the accuracy of wind farm collector line engineering design is low, and often, the engineering cost is increased due to insufficient experience of the designer and insufficient analysis of meteorological data, and in addition, if wind farm fans cannot be reasonably grouped, a relatively preferred path cannot be generated according to the characteristics of each project unit, so that different path schemes cannot be arranged according to different machine types, and different path schemes can be quickly generated for comparative analysis by the designer.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method and the system for planning the three-dimensional path of the current collecting line of the wind power plant based on intelligent fan grouping can reasonably group the fans of the wind power plant, generate a better path according to the characteristics of each project unit, and can be arranged according to different machine types to quickly generate different path schemes for comparison and analysis of designers.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor;
(3) executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each current collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible;
(4) obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path;
(6) according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
Preferably, the step (1) includes: according to the single-circuit capacity limit of the wind power plant and the capacity of a single fan, the grouping number G and the number n1, n2 and … … nG of the fan positions of each group are determined, and the fan positions are grouped into different groups by a sector grouping method.
Preferably, the step (2) comprises the steps of:
(2.1) designing a comprehensive cost function:
firstly, the actual length of the line is taken as a main cost consideration, namely the space distance between two nodes in a three-dimensional space:
converting the cost increased by other factors into unit distance; and increasing the number factor of the concatenation points:
line transmission loss factor: f. ofloss＝1/x2(ii) a Cost of a single T-junction tower: dT(ii) a The existing line cost is as follows: dA(ii) a When the distance between the T connection of the line and the direct connection to the corner tower is less than DTWhen the T connection is abandoned, the T connection is abandoned; when there is an existing line of length dis, then the combined cost minus DAX dis; thus, the designed comprehensive cost function is as follows:
Wdis＝dis+fnum×dis+floss×dis+DT×nT-DA；
(2.2) setting a limiting factor:
and setting a limiting factor according to the principle that the maximum rotation angle does not exceed 90 degrees, the main line can not be connected in a T mode, namely the main line can only be connected between nodes, lines do not intersect, namely line segments do not have intersection points, a limiting area, namely the boundary of the limiting area, is stored clockwise, and the line can not exist on the right side of the boundary line.
Preferably, the step (3) is based on Dijkstra routing algorithm, the extended distance function is the comprehensive cost function of the step (2), the search judgment is improved, and the main line planning of the single loop collecting line is completed, including:
(3.1) constructing a Delaunay triangulation network by all fan point locations and booster station locations in a single group together, and determining the optimal adjacency relation between points;
(3.2) starting main line path searching, setting the booster station as a terminal point, and taking a point farthest from the booster station as a starting point;
(3.3) sequentially judging all the points adjacent to the starting point, judging whether the limiting conditions are met, namely whether the corner is larger than 90 degrees, whether the corner is crossed with the existing line, whether the corner enters an avoidance area and whether the main line is in T connection, and skipping the point if the corner is not met; if yes, calculating the comprehensive cost W from the starting point to the adjacent pointdisStoring the data into a set A to be compared;
and (3.4) judging whether the Node corresponding to the minimum value in the set A is the terminal point. If yes, the search is ended and the best line is returned. Otherwise, searching the current node NThe adjacent nodes of the ode also calculate the nodes meeting the limiting conditions, and the comprehensive cost W of the previous point is calculateddisAccumulating to the next point and storing in a set A;
(3.5) repeating the step (3.4) until an end point is searched, and returning to the optimal line;
(3.6) if there are remaining points, repeating steps (3.3) - (3.5) with the point of the remaining points farthest from the main line as the starting point and the booster station as the end point, wherein the previously selected line is taken as the existing line DASubtracting the comprehensive cost to avoid repeated line selection, repeatedly calculating the cost, searching the shortest-distance line, and keeping the drop foot, namely the position of the T-connection tower, when the branch line is vertically connected with the main line; if no residual point exists, the branch line selection is finished;
and (3.7) executing the step (3.3) until no residual points exist, namely all the points have corresponding power transmission lines, returning to the line pile points, and completing the optimal line design and T-connection tower position design which mainly use the shortest line, meet the limiting conditions and avoid the limiting area.
Preferably, the step (5) includes: optimizing distance detection and meteorological analysis, wherein the distance detection is to detect whether the distance between the blade tip and the ground line is more than 5m when the blade windward side of the fan nose rotates to be just vertical to the line path, and if the distance is more than 5m, the most preferable line path is selected; the meteorological analysis optimization comprises the step of carrying out path optimization in multiple alternatives according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant.
Preferably, step (6) still includes according to fan safe radius and corner tower construction earth and stone square volume cost, carries out the optimization adjustment of tower position, specifically includes:
(6.1) establishing a grid model outside the safe radius range of each fan by using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, wherein the data are acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle, the higher the data resolution is, the higher the precision of the grid model is, the grid model is established within 1.5 times of the safe radius of each fan, and the times can be manually adjusted;
(6.2) calculating the volume of a cylinder formed by the construction plane and the surface of the grid in the corresponding range according to the fine grid model, the construction area and the design elevation of the electric tower, wherein if the grid is higher than the construction plane, excavation is needed, the volume is excavation amount, otherwise, filling is needed, and the volume is filling amount;
(6.3) sequentially judging each grid in the grids, judging whether the distance between a fan and a line is greater than a safe radius when the tower position is placed at the grid, if so, calculating the filling and excavating amount, and storing the result in a set B; otherwise, skipping the grid;
(6.4) taking the point with the minimum filling amount in the B as a tower position point for adjusting the electric tower at the current fan position;
and (6.5) repeating the steps (6.1) - (6.4) for the electric tower near each fan position, and adjusting the tower position to finally obtain the tower position distribution which avoids the safe radius of the fan and optimizes the construction cost.
The invention also aims to provide a wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping, which comprises:
(1) fan intelligence grouping system: the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) a function calculator: designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor;
(3) the main line of the current collecting wire patrols the path system: executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each current collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible;
(4) the power collecting line branch line routing system comprises: obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) a path optimizer: performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path;
(6) a path generator: according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
Preferably, the wind farm power collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping further comprises a wind farm three-dimensional graph display for displaying three-dimensional terrain, fan positions, construction roads, main ground features, contour lines and coordinate data information.
Preferably, the path optimizer further comprises a distance detector, when the blade wind sweeping surface of the fan head rotates to just hang down to the line path, whether the distance of the blade tip from the ground line is larger than 5m is detected, and if the distance is larger than 5m, the most preferable line path is selected.
Preferably, the path optimizer further comprises a meteorological analyzer, and path optimization is performed in multiple alternatives according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant.
By adopting the wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method and system based on intelligent fan grouping, the fans of the wind power plant can be reasonably grouped, a better path can be generated according to the characteristics of each project unit, and different path schemes can be rapidly generated according to different machine type arrangement for comparison and analysis of designers.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent in view of the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for planning a three-dimensional path of a current collection line of a wind power plant based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a subdivision of a method for planning a three-dimensional path of a current collection circuit of a wind farm based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional path system of a wind power plant collecting line based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a current collection line three-dimensional path automatic planning result of a wind power plant current collection line based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows the results of automatic tower position adjustment for three-dimensional path planning of the current collecting line of the wind power plant based on intelligent grouping of the wind turbines and avoidance of safe radius of the wind turbines according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of tower optimization performed by combining a flow chart of a wind power plant collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping with a three-dimensional terrain according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is an embodiment for implementing the work of designing the path of the current collection line of a wind power plant project in Xinjiang, and the wind power project site selection has the following characteristics from the section of line from the 35kV outgoing line of the wind box transformer to the 35kV bus of the booster station: the method has the advantages of poor terrain conditions, a plurality of restrictive factors, severe climate, more branch lines, a plurality of connecting points of cables and optical cables with wires and ground wires, and a plurality of variable factors. The path planning is the most important link in the design process, and different from a common overhead line, an overhead collecting line of a wind power plant needs to collect the electric power of a plurality of fans, so that the whole path needs to be as close to a booster box transformer positioned on a fan platform as possible and is connected to a nearby iron tower or an erected lead through a cable.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, a flow chart of a wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping is identified, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor;
(3) executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each current collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible;
(4) obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path;
(6) according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
Referring to fig. 2, wherein step (1) comprises: according to the single-circuit capacity limit of the wind power plant and the capacity of a single fan, the grouping number G and the number n1, n2 and … … nG of the fan positions of each group are determined, and the fan positions are grouped into different groups by a sector grouping method. The step (2) comprises the following steps: (2.1) designing a comprehensive cost function: firstly, the actual length of the line is taken as a main cost consideration, namely the space distance between two nodes in a three-dimensional space:
converting the cost increased by other factors into unit distance; and increasing the number factor of the concatenation points:
line transmission loss factor: f. ofloss＝1/x2(ii) a Cost of a single T-junction tower: dT(ii) a The existing line cost is as follows: dA(ii) a When the distance between the T connection of the line and the direct connection to the corner tower is less than DTWhen the T connection is abandoned, the T connection is abandoned; when there is an existing line of length dis, then the combined cost minus DAX dis; thus, the designed comprehensive cost function is as follows: wdis＝dis+fnum×dis+floss×dis+DT×nT-DA(ii) a (2.2) setting a limiting factor: and setting a limiting factor according to the principle that the maximum rotation angle does not exceed 90 degrees, the main line can not be connected in a T mode, namely the main line can only be connected between nodes, lines do not intersect, namely line segments do not have intersection points, a limiting area, namely the boundary of the limiting area, is stored clockwise, and the line can not exist on the right side of the boundary line. And step (3) is based on Dijkstra routing algorithm, the extended distance function is the comprehensive cost function of step (2), the search judgment is improved, and the main line planning of the single-loop power collection line is completed, and the method comprises the following steps: (3.1) constructing a Delaunay triangulation network by all fan point locations and booster station locations in a single group together, and determining the optimal adjacency relation between points; (3.2) starting main line path searching, setting the booster station as a terminal point, and taking a point farthest from the booster station as a starting point; (3.3) sequentially judging all the points adjacent to the starting point, judging whether the limiting conditions are met, namely whether the corner is larger than 90 degrees, whether the corner is crossed with the existing line, whether the corner enters an avoidance area and whether the main line is in T connection, and skipping the point if the corner is not met; if yes, calculating the comprehensive cost W from the starting point to the adjacent pointdisStoring the data into a set A to be compared; and (3.4) judging whether the Node corresponding to the minimum value in the set A is the terminal point. If yes, the search is ended and the best line is returned. Otherwise, searching the adjacent nodes of the current Node, calculating the nodes meeting the limiting conditions, and calculating the comprehensive cost W of the previous NodedisAccumulating to the next point and storing in a set A; (3.5) repeating the step (3.4) until an end point is searched, and returning to the optimal line; (3.6) if there are remaining points, repeating steps (3.3) - (3.5) with the point of the remaining points farthest from the main line as the starting point and the booster station as the end point, wherein the previously selected line is taken as the existing line DASubtracting the comprehensive cost to avoid repeated line selection, repeatedly calculating the cost, searching the shortest-distance line, and keeping the drop foot, namely the position of the T-connection tower, when the branch line is vertically connected with the main line; if no residual point exists, the branch line selection is finished; (3.7) executing the step (3.3) until no residual points exist, namely all the points have corresponding power transmission lines, returning to the pile points of the line, finishing the optimal line design and T-connection tower positions which mainly use the shortest line, meet the limiting conditions and avoid the limiting areaAnd (5) designing. Wherein, step (5) includes: optimizing distance detection and meteorological analysis, wherein the distance detection is to detect whether the distance between the blade tip and the ground line is more than 5m when the blade windward side of the fan nose rotates to be just vertical to the line path, and if the distance is more than 5m, the most preferable line path is selected; the meteorological analysis optimization comprises the step of carrying out path optimization in multiple alternatives according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant. Wherein step (6) still includes according to fan safe radius and corner tower construction earth and stone square volume cost, carries out the position of the tower and optimizes the adjustment, specifically includes: (6.1) establishing a grid model outside the safe radius range of each fan by using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, wherein the data are acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the higher the data resolution is, the higher the precision of the grid model is, the grid model is established within 1.5 times of the safe radius of each fan, and the times can be manually adjusted; (6.2) calculating the volume of a cylinder formed by the construction plane and the surface of the grid in the corresponding range according to the fine grid model, the construction area and the design elevation of the electric tower, wherein if the grid is higher than the construction plane, excavation is needed, the volume is excavation amount, otherwise, filling is needed, and the volume is filling amount; (6.3) sequentially judging each grid in the grids, judging whether the distance between a fan and a line is greater than a safe radius when the tower position is placed at the grid, if so, calculating the filling and excavating amount, and storing the result in a set B; otherwise, skipping the grid; (6.4) taking the point with the minimum filling amount in the B as a tower position point for adjusting the electric tower at the current fan position; and (6.5) repeating the steps (6.1) - (6.4) for the electric tower near each fan position, and adjusting the tower position to finally obtain the tower position distribution which avoids the safe radius of the fan and optimizes the construction cost.
Referring to fig. 3, a block diagram of a wind farm power collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping according to the embodiment includes:
(1) fan intelligence grouping system: the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) a function calculator: designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor;
(3) the main line of the current collecting wire patrols the path system: executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each current collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible;
(4) the power collecting line branch line routing system comprises: obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) a path optimizer: performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path; the path optimizer further comprises a distance detector and a meteorological analyzer, when the wind sweeping surface of a blade of the fan nose rotates to just hang down to the line path, whether the distance between the blade tip and the ground line is larger than 5m or not is detected, if the distance is larger than 5m, the most preferred line path is selected, and the meteorological analyzer carries out path optimization in multiple alternative selections according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant;
(6) a path generator: according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
(7) Wind farm three-dimensional graph display: and displaying the three-dimensional terrain, the fan position, the construction road, the main ground feature, the contour line and the coordinate data information.
Referring to fig. 4, a result of automatically planning a current collection line of a wind farm based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 shows a result of automatically adjusting a tower position and avoiding a safety radius of a wind turbine according to a flow chart of a method for planning a three-dimensional path of a current collection line of a wind farm based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 shows that the method and the system for planning a three-dimensional path of a current collection line of a wind farm based on intelligent grouping of wind turbines according to an embodiment of the present invention can reasonably group wind turbines of a wind farm, can generate a better path according to characteristics of each project unit, can be arranged according to different models, and can rapidly generate different path schemes for comparative analysis by designers.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications of the embodiments of the present invention can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor; the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) designing a comprehensive cost function:
firstly, the actual length of the line is taken as a main cost consideration, namely the space distance between two nodes in a three-dimensional space:
converting the cost increased by other factors into unit distance; and increasing the number factor of the concatenation points:
line transmission loss factor: f. ofloss＝1/x2(ii) a Cost of a single T-junction tower: dT(ii) a The existing line cost is as follows: dA(ii) a When the distance between the T connection of the line and the direct connection to the corner tower is less than DTWhen the T connection is abandoned, the T connection is abandoned; when there is an existing line of length dis, then the combined cost minus DAX dis; thus, the designed comprehensive cost function is as follows: wdis＝dis+fnum×dis+floss×dis+DT×nT-DA；
(2.2) setting a limiting factor:
setting a limiting factor according to the principle that the maximum rotation angle does not exceed 90 degrees, the main line cannot be T-connected, namely the main line can only be connected between nodes, lines do not cross, namely line segments do not have intersection points, a limiting area, namely a limiting area boundary is clockwise stored, and the line cannot exist on the right side of a boundary line;
(3) executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible, wherein the method comprises the following steps: based on Dijkstra routing algorithm, extending distance function as the comprehensive cost function of the step (2), improving search and judgment, and completing the main line planning of the single-loop power collecting line, comprising:
(3.1) constructing a Delaunay triangulation network by all fan point locations and booster station locations in a single group together, and determining the optimal adjacency relation between points;
(3.2) starting main line path searching, setting the booster station as a terminal point, and taking a point farthest from the booster station as a starting point;
(3.3) sequentially judging all the points adjacent to the starting point, judging whether the limiting conditions are met, namely whether the corner is larger than 90 degrees, whether the corner is crossed with the existing line, whether the corner enters an avoidance area and whether the main line is in T connection, and skipping the point if the corner is not met; if yes, calculating the comprehensive cost W from the starting point to the adjacent pointdisStoring the data into a set A to be compared;
(3.4) judging whether the Node corresponding to the minimum value in the set A is an end point; if yes, ending the search and returning to the optimal line; otherwise, searching the adjacent nodes of the current Node, calculating the nodes meeting the limiting conditions, and calculating the comprehensive cost W of the previous NodedisAccumulating to the next point and storing in a set A;
(3.5) repeating the step (3.4) until an end point is searched, and returning to the optimal line;
(3.6) if there are remaining points, taking the remaining points as the points farthest from the main routeIs taken as a starting point, the booster station is taken as an end point, the steps (3.3) - (3.5) are repeated, and the previously selected line is taken as an existing line DASubtracting the comprehensive cost to avoid repeated line selection, repeatedly calculating the cost, searching the shortest-distance line, and keeping the drop foot, namely the position of the T-connection tower, when the branch line is vertically connected with the main line; if no residual point exists, the branch line selection is finished;
(3.7) executing the step (3.3) until no residual points exist, namely all points have corresponding power transmission lines, returning to the pile points of the line, and completing the optimal line design and T-connection tower position design which mainly take the shortest line, meet the limiting conditions and avoid the limiting area;
(4) obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path;
(6) according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
2. The wind farm collecting line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping according to claim 1, characterized in that the step (1) comprises: according to the single-circuit capacity limit of the wind power plant and the capacity of a single fan, the grouping number G and the number n1, n2 and … … nG of the fan positions of each group are determined, and the fan positions are grouped into different groups by a sector grouping method.
3. The wind farm collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) comprises the following steps: optimizing distance detection and meteorological analysis, wherein the distance detection is to detect whether the distance between the blade tip and the ground line is more than 5m when the blade windward side of the fan nose rotates to be just vertical to the line path, and if the distance is more than 5m, the most preferable line path is selected; the meteorological analysis optimization comprises the step of carrying out path optimization in multiple alternatives according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant.
4. The wind farm collecting line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping according to claim 1, characterized in that the step (6) further comprises performing tower position optimization adjustment according to fan safety radius and corner tower construction earth and stone volume cost, and specifically comprises:
(6.1) establishing a grid model outside the safe radius range of each fan by using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, wherein the data are acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle, the higher the data resolution is, the higher the precision of the grid model is, the grid model is established within 1.5 times of the safe radius of each fan, and the times can be manually adjusted;
(6.2) calculating the volume of a cylinder formed by the construction plane and the surface of the grid in the corresponding range according to the fine grid model, the construction area and the design elevation of the electric tower, wherein if the grid is higher than the construction plane, excavation is needed, the volume is excavation amount, otherwise, filling is needed, and the volume is filling amount;
(6.3) sequentially judging each grid in the grids, judging whether the distance between a fan and a line is greater than a safe radius when the tower position is placed at the grid, if so, calculating the filling and excavating amount, and storing the result in a set B; otherwise, skipping the grid;
(6.4) taking the point with the minimum filling amount in the B as a tower position point for adjusting the electric tower at the current fan position;
and (6.5) repeating the steps (6.1) - (6.4) for the electric tower near each fan position, and adjusting the tower position to finally obtain the tower position distribution which avoids the safe radius of the fan and optimizes the construction cost.
5. A wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping is used for the wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning method based on intelligent fan grouping according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fan intelligence grouping system: the fans are intelligently grouped, the single-circuit capacity of the fans is limited, the current collecting circuit and the sending circuit are not crossed, and the number of the fans is as uniform as possible;
(2) a function calculator: designing a comprehensive cost function and a limiting factor;
(3) the main line of the current collecting wire patrols the path system: executing a routing algorithm, taking a booster station as a terminal point, taking the farthest fan position point of each current collection line as a starting point, taking a Dijkstra algorithm as a basis, satisfying the main line limiting condition, and simultaneously determining the main path of the line by connecting fan positions in series as many as possible;
(4) the power collecting line branch line routing system comprises: obtaining a branch line path, and determining the branch line path and a T-connection tower position according to the principle that the path is shortest, the intersection is avoided, and the number of the corner degrees does not exceed 90 degrees and an improved path-finding algorithm;
(5) a path optimizer: performing iterative operation on the hierarchical grouping and line selection results by using the calculation result of the previous stage, and performing scheme comparison and selection on the generated path;
(6) a path generator: according to the grouping and the path, the tower position is automatically adjusted to the flat area by combining three-dimensional terrain factors, the construction cost is reduced, the line is adjusted to avoid the limited area, and the final line path is generated.
6. The wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping of claim 5 is characterized in that: the wind power plant three-dimensional map display is used for displaying three-dimensional terrain, fan positions, construction roads, main ground features, contour lines and coordinate data information.
7. The wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping of claim 5 is characterized in that: the path optimizer also comprises a distance detector, when the blade wind sweeping surface of the fan nose rotates to just hang down to the line path, whether the distance between the blade tip and the ground line is larger than 5m is detected, and if the distance is larger than 5m, the most preferable line path is selected.
8. The wind power plant current collection line three-dimensional path planning system based on intelligent fan grouping of claim 5 is characterized in that: the path optimizer further comprises a meteorological analyzer, and path optimization is carried out in multiple alternatives according to the basic wind speed, the maximum wind speed, the minimum air temperature and the thunderstorm day of the location of the wind power plant.
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