CN107903067A - A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107903067A
CN107903067A CN201711246466.XA CN201711246466A CN107903067A CN 107903067 A CN107903067 A CN 107903067A CN 201711246466 A CN201711246466 A CN 201711246466A CN 107903067 A CN107903067 A CN 107903067A
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nanowire
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sic nanowire
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陈照峰
廖家豪
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Suzhou Superlong Aviation Heat Resistance Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • C04B35/806
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C04B35/571Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained from Si-containing polymer precursors or organosilicon monomers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/628Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/62844Coating fibres
    • C04B35/62857Coating fibres with non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/62865Nitrides
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5244Silicon carbide
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5248Carbon, e.g. graphite

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire to strengthen SiC ceramic based composites, by reinforcing fiber, SiC nanowire, boundary layer and SiC matrix composition;It is characterized in that SiC nanowire growth in situ, in reinforcing fiber, boundary layer is coated on reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surface, SiC matrix is filled in the gap that reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surround;The reinforcing fiber is fiber C or SiC fibers;A diameter of 50 ~ the 200nm of the SiC nanowire, length are 0.5 ~ 3mm;The boundary layer is PyC or BN, and thickness is 0.02 ~ 0.1 μm.Present invention efficiently solves SiC nanowire in fibre preforms body more difficult the problem of being uniformly distributed, while SiC nanowire has been given full play to advantage of SiC ceramic based composites etc. by growth in situ SiC nanowire.

Description

A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and its preparation Method
Technical field
It is growth in situ SiC nanometers more particularly to a kind of the present invention relates to a kind of ceramic matric composite and preparation method thereof Line enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
SiC ceramic based composites have structure light wt, height than strong Gao Bimo, high temperature resistant, good thermal shock, low thermal expansion The features such as coefficient and oxidation and corrosion, be widely used in aero-engine hot arc structural member, rocket engine The aerospace fields such as jet pipe, combustion chamber.As these high-end fields put forward higher requirements material property, as engine will Ask material can to bear bigger air-flow more resistant to high temperature and wash away, jet pipe position requires material to be also subjected to bigger pressure, due to environment Temperature and pressure greatly improves, and SiC ceramic based composites are more difficult to meet requirement, because can be destroyed under high temperature and pressure The structure of composite material, SiC matrix is extruded between reinforcing fiber, causes material destructive failure phenomenon occur, so necessary Further Strengthening and Toughening SiC ceramic based composites.
SiC nanowire is a kind of nanometer reinforcement of excellent performance, and tensile strength can reach 53.4GPa, fine much larger than SiC Peacekeeping SiC whiskers, especially ultralong SiC nanowires can not only improve the interface cohesion of fiber and matrix, it is often more important that also Fiber can firmly be pinned each other with fiber, fiber and matrix, make fiber be more difficult to slide, so as to greatly enhance SiC ceramic base The intensity of composite material.By ultralong SiC nanowires growth in situ in reinforcing fiber, due to ultralong SiC nanowires part along Fiber radial radial is grown to inside fibre bundle, in the gap of fibre bundle and fiber interfascicular, can be effectively by reinforcing fiber Close connection, drastically increases the obdurability of SiC ceramic based composites, while improve the ratio surface in fibre preforms body Product, easy to the attachment of ceramic precursor, so as to improve the consistency of SiC matrix;And ultralong SiC nanowires can also be by dividing Dissipate the toughening mechanisms such as pressure, crack deflection and bridging, the interface that effectively Strengthening and Toughening fiber is combined with SiC matrix, so as to strengthen SiC ceramic based composites.
The Chinese patent of application publication number CN106866148A discloses a kind of SiC of SiC nanowire In-sltu reinforcement f /SiC Composite material and preparation method thereof, which includes SiC fiber preforms, SiC nanowire and SiC ceramic matrix, described The mutually winding networking between the fiber surface of the SiC fiber preforms, the SiC nanowire of SiC nanowire growth in situ Shape structure;The SiC ceramic matrix is filled in the hole of the SiC fiber preforms.Preparation method includes:(1)Come to the surface Learn modification;(2)Loading catalyst;(3)Chemical vapor deposition;(4)Precursor infiltration and pyrolysis.The SiC nanowire is in situ to be increased Strong SiC f / SiC ceramic matrix composite material have SiC nanowire be evenly distributed do not reunite and be well combined with SiC fibers, obdurability is good, The advantages that consistency is high, preparation method technique is simple, equipment requirement is low, environmentally friendly, technique versatility is good, and SiC nanowire introduces body Fraction is high and controllable.But SiC nanowire curtailment prepared by this method, interface can only be improved, can not real Strengthening and Toughening SiC matrix, since this method is to first pass through impregnation catalyst agent solution, this can cause excessive metal catalytic particles to residue in fibre Dimension table face, so that the performance of material under the high temperature conditions is reduced, and also this method is not prepared again after SiC nanowire is prepared Protective boundary layer, this causes the compound middle SiC nanowire of the matrix to be below seriously damaged, prevent material property from Effectively improve.
The Chinese patent of publication No. CN103553616B is authorized to disclose a kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing C/SiC Composite material and preparation method thereof, the preparation method include:(1)It is prepared by slurry:Polycarbosilane, catalyst and solvent are mixed Close ball milling and slurry is made, wherein the catalyst is iron, nickel, and/or ferrocene;(2)Vacuum high-pressure impregnates:Fiber C is prefabricated Body is immersed in the slurry, when holding 0.1 ~ 1 is small under vacuum state, then passes to high-pressure inert gas to 1 ~ 10MPa, pressurize 1 ~ 4 it is small when;(3)Crosslinking curing:By impregnated fiber C precast body be put in air 6 it is small when more than carry out crosslinking curing and be made Preform;And(4)Pintsch process:By the preform with 2 ~ 10 DEG C/min of heating rate liter under protective atmosphere When warm to 1000 ~ 1300 DEG C insulations 1 ~ 4 are small, with the life in situ under metallic catalyst effect in the Polycarbosilane pyrolytic process Long SiC nanowire, so that the growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing C/SiC composite materials be made.But this method is directly by fibre Dimension precast body is immersed in Polycarbosilane, catalyst and solvent mixing and ball milling and is made in slurry, is then pyrolyzed growth in situ SiC and receives Rice noodles, since the decomposition of Polycarbosilane in pyrolytic process produces gas, and volume contraction can occurs in itself, this can cause SiC to receive Nanowire growth is interfered, so that growth is uneven, and length is also insufficient, can not effectively strengthen composite material.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention propose a kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and Its preparation method, gives full play to the advantage of SiC nanowire Strengthening and Toughening SiC ceramic based composites, it is compound to have widened SiC ceramic base The application field of material.
A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire strengthens SiC ceramic based composites, by reinforcing fiber, SiC nanowire, interface Layer and SiC matrix composition;It is characterized in that SiC nanowire growth in situ, in reinforcing fiber, boundary layer is coated on reinforcing fiber With SiC nanowire surface, SiC matrix is filled in the gap that reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surround;The reinforcing fiber is Fiber C or SiC fibers;A diameter of 50 ~ the 200nm of the SiC nanowire, length are 0.5 ~ 3mm;The boundary layer is PyC Or BN, thickness are 0.02 ~ 0.1 μm.
A kind of preparation method of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites, it is characterised in that including under The step of stating order:
(1)By Polycarbosilane, ferrocene, activated carbon in mass ratio 1:0.01~0.05:Uniform powder is made in 3 ~ 6 mixing and ball millings Precursor, is uniformly put into graphite crucible;
(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers is covered in step(1)In be placed with the graphite crucible of powder precursor, be then put into togerther height In warm sintering furnace, 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C, 1 ~ 5h of soaking time are warming up to the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, and be passed through mobility Ar;
(3)By step(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers after processing is layered in graphite jig, and cloth of reinforcement fibers is made using needle-punching method Fiber preform;
(4)Using chemical vapor infiltration in step(3)Deposited interfacial layer on the fiber preform prepared;
(5)Using the Polycarbosilane of liquid containing vinyl as ceramic precursor, by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method in step(4)Prepare The fiber preform of boundary layer prepares SiC matrix, and 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of cracking temperature, obtains the enhancing of growth in situ SiC nanowire SiC ceramic based composites.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:(1)Efficiently solve that SiC nanowire is more difficult in fibre preforms body equally distributed to ask Topic, while advantage of the SiC nanowire to composite material Strengthening and Toughening has been given full play to by growth in situ SiC nanowire;(2)Pass through Chemical vapor infiltration prepares an interfacial layer in SiC nanowire and reinforcing fiber surface, protects SiC nanowire, preferably Beneficial to the densification of SiC matrix;(3)SiC ceramic based composites mechanical property is drastically increased, has widened its application neck Domain.
Embodiment
A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire strengthens SiC ceramic based composites, by reinforcing fiber, SiC nanowire, interface Layer and SiC matrix composition;It is characterized in that SiC nanowire growth in situ, in reinforcing fiber, boundary layer is coated on reinforcing fiber With SiC nanowire surface, SiC matrix is filled in the gap that reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surround;The reinforcing fiber is Fiber C;The SiC nanowire a diameter of 100nm, length 1mm;The boundary layer is BN, and thickness is 0.05 μm.
A kind of preparation method of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites, it is characterised in that including under The step of stating order:
(1)By Polycarbosilane, ferrocene, activated carbon in mass ratio 1:0.03:Uniform powder precursor is made in 5 mixing and ball millings, Uniformly it is put into graphite crucible;
(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers is covered in step(1)In be placed with the graphite crucible of powder precursor, be then put into togerther height In warm sintering furnace, 1350 DEG C, soaking time 3h are warming up to the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, and be passed through mobility Ar;
(3)By step(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers after processing is layered in graphite jig, and cloth of reinforcement fibers is made using needle-punching method Fiber preform;
(4)Using chemical vapor infiltration in step(3)BN boundary layers are deposited on the fiber preform prepared;
(5)Using the Polycarbosilane of liquid containing vinyl as ceramic precursor, by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method in step(4)Prepare The fiber preform of boundary layer prepares SiC matrix, and 1200 DEG C of cracking temperature, obtains growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic Based composites.
The embodiment of the present invention is above are only, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is all to utilize this Conceive the change that unsubstantiality is carried out to the present invention, the behavior for invading the scope of protection of the invention should all be belonged to.In every case it is not de- From the content of technical solution of the present invention, what the technical spirit according to the present invention made above example any type of simply repaiies Change, equivalent variations and remodeling, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire strengthens SiC ceramic based composites, by reinforcing fiber, SiC nanowire, boundary layer Formed with SiC matrix;It is characterized in that SiC nanowire growth in situ is in reinforcing fiber, boundary layer be coated on reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surface, SiC matrix are filled in the gap that reinforcing fiber and SiC nanowire surround;The reinforcing fiber is C Fiber or SiC fibers;A diameter of 50 ~ the 200nm of the SiC nanowire, length are 0.5 ~ 3mm;The boundary layer for PyC or BN, thickness are 0.02 ~ 0.1 μm.
2. a kind of preparation method of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites, it is characterised in that including following The step of order:
(1)By Polycarbosilane, ferrocene, activated carbon in mass ratio 1:0.01~0.05:Uniform powder is made in 3 ~ 6 mixing and ball millings Precursor, is uniformly put into graphite crucible;
(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers is covered in step(1)In be placed with the graphite crucible of powder precursor, be then put into togerther height In warm sintering furnace, 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C, 1 ~ 5h of soaking time are warming up to the heating rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, and be passed through mobility Ar;
(3)By step(2)Cloth of reinforcement fibers after processing is layered in graphite jig, and cloth of reinforcement fibers is made using needle-punching method Fiber preform;
(4)Using chemical vapor infiltration in step(3)Deposited interfacial layer on the fiber preform prepared;
(5)Using the Polycarbosilane of liquid containing vinyl as ceramic precursor, by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method in step(4)Prepare SiC matrix is prepared in the fiber preform of boundary layer, 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of cracking temperature, obtains the enhancing of growth in situ SiC nanowire SiC ceramic based composites.
CN201711246466.XA 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 A kind of growth in situ SiC nanowire enhancing SiC ceramic based composites and preparation method thereof Pending CN107903067A (en)

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CN108484135A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-09-04 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of growth in situ ceramics reinforcing fiber resin composite materials
CN108585954A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 西北工业大学 A kind of C/C-Si composite material surfaces grow radial nano wire and preparation method at normal temperatures
CN108754357A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-06 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of SiC nanowire enhancing aluminum silicon carbide composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109020628A (en) * 2018-08-04 2018-12-18 南京航空航天大学 A kind of SiC nanowire enhancing porous ceramic composite and preparation method thereof
CN109055874A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-21 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of boundary layer enhancing biradical fibrous composite of aluminium alloy-silicon carbide and preparation method thereof
CN109251049A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-22 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A method of limitation matrices of composite material propagation of internal cracks
CN110256082A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-20 浙江理工大学 Reaction-sintered prepares monocrystalline silicon carbide nanofiber/carbon/silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite method
CN110357647A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-10-22 湖南德智新材料有限公司 A kind of ceramic matric composite and preparation method thereof of silicon carbide nanometer line enhancing
CN111039687A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-04-21 中国航空制造技术研究院 Damage-free hole making method for continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite
CN111205100A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-05-29 西北工业大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowire by non-catalytic precursor impregnation pyrolysis method
CN111647386A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-11 中国民航大学 Preparation method of silicon carbide nanowire in-situ growth toughened ceramic precursor type high-temperature adhesive
CN111848196A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-30 北京航空航天大学 Preparation method of in-situ silicon carbide nanowire toughened silicon carbide ceramic
CN112030544A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-04 北京航空航天大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowires on surface of silicon carbide fiber
CN115594513A (en) * 2022-10-18 2023-01-13 郑州大学(Cn) In-situ generated carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite and preparation method thereof
CN115028456B (en) * 2022-06-17 2023-02-14 福建立亚新材有限公司 Preparation method of silicon carbide fiber waste silk reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material

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CN108484135A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-09-04 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of growth in situ ceramics reinforcing fiber resin composite materials
CN108452590A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-08-28 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of high intensity SiC with high efficiency filterf/ SiC ceramic matrix composite material screen pipe
CN108754357A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-06 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of SiC nanowire enhancing aluminum silicon carbide composite material and preparation method thereof
CN108754357B (en) * 2018-05-29 2020-06-23 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 SiC nanowire reinforced aluminum silicon carbide composite material and preparation method thereof
CN108585954A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 西北工业大学 A kind of C/C-Si composite material surfaces grow radial nano wire and preparation method at normal temperatures
CN108585954B (en) * 2018-06-01 2020-11-06 西北工业大学 Radial nanowire growing on surface of C/C-Si composite material and preparation method at normal temperature
CN109020628A (en) * 2018-08-04 2018-12-18 南京航空航天大学 A kind of SiC nanowire enhancing porous ceramic composite and preparation method thereof
CN109020628B (en) * 2018-08-04 2021-05-04 南京航空航天大学 SiC nanowire reinforced porous ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109055874B (en) * 2018-08-17 2020-04-28 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 Interface layer reinforced aluminum alloy-silicon carbide double-base fiber composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109055874A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-21 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 A kind of boundary layer enhancing biradical fibrous composite of aluminium alloy-silicon carbide and preparation method thereof
CN109251049A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-22 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A method of limitation matrices of composite material propagation of internal cracks
CN110357647A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-10-22 湖南德智新材料有限公司 A kind of ceramic matric composite and preparation method thereof of silicon carbide nanometer line enhancing
CN110357647B (en) * 2018-10-08 2022-05-03 湖南德智新材料有限公司 Silicon carbide nanowire reinforced ceramic matrix composite and preparation method thereof
CN110256082A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-20 浙江理工大学 Reaction-sintered prepares monocrystalline silicon carbide nanofiber/carbon/silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite method
CN110256082B (en) * 2019-05-17 2021-11-02 浙江理工大学 Method for preparing single crystal silicon carbide nanofiber/silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material by reaction sintering
CN111039687A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-04-21 中国航空制造技术研究院 Damage-free hole making method for continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite
CN111205100A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-05-29 西北工业大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowire by non-catalytic precursor impregnation pyrolysis method
CN111205100B (en) * 2020-03-02 2022-06-07 西北工业大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowire by non-catalytic precursor impregnation pyrolysis method
CN111647386A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-11 中国民航大学 Preparation method of silicon carbide nanowire in-situ growth toughened ceramic precursor type high-temperature adhesive
CN111848196A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-30 北京航空航天大学 Preparation method of in-situ silicon carbide nanowire toughened silicon carbide ceramic
CN112030544A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-04 北京航空航天大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowires on surface of silicon carbide fiber
CN112030544B (en) * 2020-08-31 2021-06-15 北京航空航天大学 Method for in-situ growth of silicon carbide nanowires on surface of silicon carbide fiber
CN115028456B (en) * 2022-06-17 2023-02-14 福建立亚新材有限公司 Preparation method of silicon carbide fiber waste silk reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material
CN115594513A (en) * 2022-10-18 2023-01-13 郑州大学(Cn) In-situ generated carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20180413