CN107900782B - Device and method for measuring broaching force of key groove broach - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring broaching force of key groove broach Download PDFInfo
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- CN107900782B CN107900782B CN201711206138.7A CN201711206138A CN107900782B CN 107900782 B CN107900782 B CN 107900782B CN 201711206138 A CN201711206138 A CN 201711206138A CN 107900782 B CN107900782 B CN 107900782B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
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- Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the broaching force of a key groove broach, wherein the device comprises a main broaching force measuring component and an axial thrust force measuring component; the axial thrust measuring component comprises a measuring workpiece and an axial thrust measuring rod; the main broaching force measuring assembly comprises a front disc, a rear disc and connecting rod groups, wherein the front disc and the rear disc are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting rod groups are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the front disc and the rear disc; the rear disc, the front disc and the measuring workpiece are attached and fixed on the broaching machine. The method comprises the following steps: 1. the key groove broach is placed in the guide sleeve, and the main broaching force measuring assembly and the measuring workpiece are sleeved behind the guide sleeve; 2. the axial thrust measuring rod is arranged in a guide hole of a measuring workpiece and is tightly propped against the guide sleeve according to a set pretightening force; 3. after the broaching machine is started, main broaching force and axial thrust signals are collected and output by the main broaching force strain gauge and the axial thrust strain gauge respectively to obtain the broaching force of the key groove broaching tool. The invention can carry out measurement in real time, and has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, simple operation and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design of key groove broaches, relates to measurement of the broaching force of the key groove broaches in working, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the broaching force of the key groove broaches.
Background
For the traditional processing mode, the processing of the inner profile of the workpiece, such as the processing of a through hole and a special-shaped through groove, is very difficult, and the broaching processing has unique advantages. The broach is used as a special tool, and a series of cutting teeth are distributed on the tool body. The difference in cutting tooth shape ensures the removal of the workpiece material layer during broaching to achieve the target machining profile. In addition, in one working stroke, the rough-semi-fine machining can be finished in sequence, so that the production efficiency is high. The design of the broach is complex, and a series of parameters are required to be determined, wherein the parameters mainly comprise a rake angle, a groove depth, a tooth width, a tooth lifting amount, a tooth pitch and the like. These parameters directly determine the cutting force, the chip removal condition and the quality of the processed surface of the broaching process in the mode of cutting allowance and cutting edge state. The machining efficiency of broaching is determined by the length of the broaching tool, and the length is determined by the combination of the cutting teeth. Therefore, the reasonable design of the structural parameters of the broach is very important for guaranteeing the machining precision and the quality of the machined surface and maintaining the generation efficiency.
The broaching force directly determines the service life of the broach and the quality of the machined surface. Therefore, accurate measurement of the broaching force is very significant for the design and practical inspection of the broaching tool. For broaching, the force experienced by each cutting tooth is determined by the tooth lift of the tooth in combination with the effective width involved in cutting. At the same time, the cutting teeth simultaneously participating in the cutting jointly determine the total cutting force, and at the same time the variation in the number of cutting teeth forms a fluctuation in the total broaching force. Therefore, in the design of the broach insert, in order to obtain the best design solution, the broaching force is a key control factor, for example, the strength of the cutting teeth and the tool body must meet the requirement of the maximum broaching force, and simultaneously, the process requirement of the chip space, the conversion and control of the cutting heat, and the like are considered.
However, with the existing measurement method, it is difficult to obtain a constant state of the broaching force for measurement due to the variety of shapes and combinations of the broach teeth and the variation of the broach teeth during cutting.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the broaching force of a key groove broach, which have the advantages of simple structure and reasonable design, and can realize the measurement and extraction of the broaching force from the geometric characteristics of the broach.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a measuring device for the broaching force of a key groove broach comprises a main broaching force measuring assembly and an axial thrust force measuring assembly;
the axial thrust measuring component comprises a measuring workpiece and an axial thrust measuring rod; the center of the measuring workpiece is provided with a processing hole, the side surface of the measuring workpiece is provided with a guide hole penetrating from the outer surface of the measuring workpiece to the inner processing hole, the axial thrust measuring rod comprises a rod body and an axial thrust strain gauge fixed on the outer side of the rod body along the axial direction, and the axial thrust measuring rod is arranged in the guide hole and is tightly propped against a guide sleeve of the key groove broach;
the main broaching force measuring assembly comprises a front disc, a rear disc and connecting rod groups, wherein the front disc and the rear disc are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting rod groups are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the front disc and the rear disc; broach through holes which do not interfere with the key groove broach are formed in the centers of the front disk and the rear disk; the connecting rod group at least comprises three connecting rods, wherein at least one connecting rod is axially fixed with a main broaching force strain gauge;
and the rear disc, the front disc and the measuring workpiece which sequentially penetrate through the guide sleeve are attached and fixed on the broaching machine.
Preferably, the machining hole and the bottom of the guide sleeve are arranged in a clearance mode.
Preferably, the outer end of the guide hole is provided with a jacking screw in a matching manner, and the jacking screw is used for jacking the rod body on the guide sleeve.
Preferably, the inner end of the guide hole is provided with a notch for leading out a lead of the main broaching force strain gauge.
Preferably, the broach through hole comprises a central through hole and a groove arranged on the central through hole along the direction of the cutting teeth of the key groove broach; the central through hole is attached to the bottom of the guide sleeve, and the width of the groove is larger than that of the guide sleeve.
Preferably, the connecting rod is fixed between the front disc and the rear disc through connecting screws arranged at two ends.
Preferably, the connecting rod and the rod body are both aluminum rods.
Preferably, the measuring workpiece, the front disk and the rear disk are all arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the diameters of the front disk and the rear disk are the same and slightly larger than the diameter of the measuring workpiece.
Preferably, the main broaching force strain gauge and the axial thrust strain gauge are respectively adhered to the corresponding connecting rod and the corresponding rod body, and the adhesion surfaces are arranged in a plane.
A method for measuring the broaching force of a key groove broach adopts the measuring device of any one item, and comprises
and 3, after the broaching machine is started, acquiring and outputting main broaching force signals and axial thrust signals respectively by a main broaching force strain gauge and an axial thrust strain gauge, and processing and synthesizing to obtain the broaching force of the key groove broaching tool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the main broaching force measuring assembly and the axial thrust measuring assembly are sequentially sleeved on the guide sleeve, so that the measurement can be carried out in real time during the specific broaching operation, two component forces of the broaching force of the key groove broach can be respectively measured at the same time, the measuring assemblies of the main broaching force measuring assembly and the measuring assembly are independently arranged, the measurement is not influenced mutually, the directional characteristic of the axial thrust is utilized, the measurement is conducted through the assemblies, and the broaching force is obtained after the measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a main broaching force measuring assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1b is a bottom view of fig. 1 a.
FIG. 1c is a schematic structural view of an axial thrust measurement assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1d is a bottom view of fig. 1 c.
Fig. 2 is a calibration curve of a strain gauge of the broaching force measuring device in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the setup of the broaching test described in the example of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the results of the measurement of the broaching force in the example of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a measuring workpiece 1, a rod body 2, an axial thrust strain gauge 3, a guide sleeve 4, a front disc 5, a rear disc 6, a connecting rod 7, a main broaching force strain gauge 8, a jacking screw 9 and a key groove broach 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Since the average value of the broaching force per unit width is a constant value at a given cutting thickness, workpiece material and machining parameters, which can be expressed as a cutting force coefficient, the broaching force coefficient can be used to characterize the broaching force at the corresponding machining parameters. Based on the method, the calculation of the broaching force in the broaching process can be realized, guidance is formed on the optimization design of the broaching tool, and the relation between the cutting force and the quality of the geometric feature machining surface can be further revealed. Therefore, a device capable of measuring multiple component broaching forces during a full broaching process is necessary. The measuring device for the broaching force of the key groove broaching tool can acquire and measure the main broaching force and the axial thrust force simultaneously in the key groove broaching process, and the broaching force is obtained by measuring two components.
The device is shown in fig. 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d, and the whole structure of the broaching force measuring device consists of two parts: a main broaching force measuring assembly and an axial thrust measuring assembly.
Main broaching force measuring assembly: the specific structure is shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, and comprises: at least three slender aluminum bars with the same size are used as connecting bars and named as connecting bar groups, and the specific size of each aluminum bar is designed according to the actually required strength and deflection; two identical steel discs with a central through hole and a diameter D0Slightly larger than the inner diameter D of the workpiece 11A groove for placing cutting teeth is processed and named as a disc set; a main broaching force strain gauge 8; a connecting screw set including six Md1The structure requirement of actual demand should be satisfied to screw, model. The specific assembly structure relationship of the measuring part is as follows: two discs of the disc set are arranged in parallel, and the direction of the grooves is ensured to be the same; the connecting rod groups are positioned between the disc groups and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction; using screws Md1Respectively fixing the two discs of the disc set with the aluminum bar set; and (3) polishing the middle side surface of one aluminum bar of the connecting bar group to be flat and keeping certain roughness according to standard operation, and then pasting the main broaching force strain gauge along the axial direction. The guide sleeve 4 provides positioning and guiding for the operation of the key groove broach 10, the broach moves in the guide groove of the guide sleeve 4, the main broaching force measuring component and the measuring workpiece 1 are sleeved on the guide sleeve 4 together, the main broaching force measuring component is positioned between the measuring workpiece 1 and the tail end of the guide sleeve 4, and the disc sets are respectively attached to the guide sleeve 4 and the measuring workpiece 1. To ensure that the main broaching force measuring assembly does not interfere with the broaching tool during operation of the key slot broaching tool 10, the disk is dishedThe groove should be slightly wider than the guide sleeve.
Axial thrust measurement subassembly: the specific structure is shown in fig. 1d and fig. 1c, and comprises: an axial thrust strain gauge 3; jacking screw Md2The model is determined according to specific conditions; cylindrical measuring work, internal diameter D1The side surface is provided with a hole from the outer surface of the workpiece to the inner guide hole with the inner diameter D2The pilot hole outer section is processed and the screw Md is tightly pressed2A notch is formed in the matched thread and the inner guide hole of the measuring workpiece for leading out a lead of the axial thrust strain gauge; rod body of a size, as the case may be, diameter D3Slightly smaller than the inner diameter D of the guide hole for measuring the side edge of the workpiece2Length L of1Should be less than the guide hole length so as to leave sufficient length for tightening of the set screw. The specific assembly structure relationship is as follows: and (3) polishing the middle side surface of the rod body 2 to be flat and keeping certain roughness according to standard operation, and then pasting the axial thrust strain gauge along the axial direction. The rod 2 is mounted in a guide hole in the side of the measurement workpiece, and attention is paid to lead wires from the notch of the guide hole. Jacking screw Md2And a guide hole assembled on the measurement workpiece.
The measuring method comprises the following steps: the keyway broach 10 is placed in the guide bush 4, and the guide bush 4 is installed in the broaching machine after the main broaching force measuring assembly and the measuring workpiece are sequentially sleeved in the guide bush 4. The axial thrust measurement assembly is installed as described above, using the jacking screw Md2And a set pretightening force is applied to ensure that the rod body 2 is tightly attached to the guide sleeve 4. After the broaching machine is started, main broaching force and axial thrust signals are respectively collected by the strain gauges 8 and 3.
The implementation method comprises the following steps:
a workpiece to be machined with the thickness of 25mm is selected, and the material is AISI 1018. A key groove broach with 47 teeth and a tooth lifting amount of 0.084878mm and a guide sleeve corresponding to the key groove broach are selected and processed on an HDE-30-72 type hydraulic broaching machine.
Device materials were prepared according to device specifications: the aluminum rod group and the rod body 2 are made of T6065, the diameter of the aluminum rod group is unified to be 6mm, and the length of the aluminum rod group is 25.4 mm; the diameter of the rod body 2 is 8 mm. Screw set screw M36, screw M8. Two strain gauges, type OMEGA KFH-3-120-C1-11L1M 2R.
The main broaching force and the axial force measuring strain gauges 8 and 3 are calibrated, and the approximately linear relation between the main broaching force and the axial force and the strain-force is obtained and is shown in figure 2.
The device is assembled according to standard methods, the device is calibrated, and the pressure is calibrated to act on the approximate location where the actual cut occurs. And assembling the device, the guide sleeve and the workpiece and then installing the device, the guide sleeve and the workpiece on a broaching machine. A signal amplifier is arranged, and the input direct-current voltage is 5V. The specific experiment is shown in FIG. 3.
The test was carried out with a broaching speed set at 2.2 m/min. And collecting by using a data acquisition card, and completing setting by using LabVIEW, wherein the sampling frequency is 1024 Hz.
Finally, the acquired signals are processed by using a wavelet reconstruction method, and the obtained result is shown in fig. 4.
Claims (6)
1. A measuring device for the broaching force of a key groove broaching tool is characterized by comprising a main broaching force measuring assembly and an axial thrust measuring assembly, wherein the main broaching force and the axial thrust can be simultaneously acquired and measured in the broaching process of the key groove broaching tool, and the broaching force is obtained by measuring two components;
the axial thrust measuring component comprises a measuring workpiece (1) and an axial thrust measuring rod; the center of the measuring workpiece (1) is provided with a processing hole, the side surface of the measuring workpiece (1) is provided with a guide hole penetrating from the outer surface of the measuring workpiece to the inner processing hole, the axial thrust measuring rod comprises a rod body (2) and an axial thrust strain gauge (3) fixed on the outer side of the rod body along the axial direction, and the axial thrust measuring rod is arranged in the guide hole and is tightly propped against a guide sleeve (4) of the key groove broach (10);
the main broaching force measuring assembly comprises a front disc (5), a rear disc (6) and connecting rod groups, wherein the front disc (5) and the rear disc (6) are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting rod groups are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the front disc (5) and the rear disc (6); broach through holes which do not interfere with the key groove broaches (10) are formed in the centers of the front disk (5) and the rear disk (6); the connecting rod group comprises three connecting rods (7), wherein at least one connecting rod (7) is axially fixed with a main broaching force strain gauge (8); the connecting rod (7) is fixed between the front disc (5) and the rear disc (6) through connecting screws arranged at two ends; the broach through hole comprises a central through hole and a groove arranged on the central through hole along the cutting tooth direction of the key groove broach (10); the central through hole is attached to the bottom of the guide sleeve (4), and the width of the groove is larger than that of the guide sleeve (4); a connecting rod (7) is arranged on one side of the central through hole opposite to the groove, and the axis of the connecting rod (7) is positioned on the symmetry axis of the broach through hole;
a rear disc (6), a front disc (5) and a measuring workpiece (1) which sequentially penetrate through the guide sleeve (4) are attached and fixed on the broaching machine;
the connecting rod (7) and the rod body (2) are both aluminum rods, and the front disc (5) and the rear disc (6) are both steel discs; the main broaching force strain gauge (8) and the axial thrust strain gauge (3) are respectively stuck on the corresponding connecting rod (7) and the rod body (2), and the sticking surfaces are arranged in a plane.
2. The device for measuring the broaching force of the keyway broach according to claim 1, wherein the machining hole is spaced from the bottom of the guide bush (4).
3. The device for measuring the broaching force of the keyway broach according to claim 1, wherein a puller screw (9) is fittingly provided at the outer end of the guide hole for pulling the bar (2) against the guide sleeve (4).
4. A keyway broach force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide hole inner end is provided with a notch for the lead-out of the axial thrust strain gauge (3).
5. The device for measuring the broaching force of the keyway broach according to claim 1, wherein the measuring workpiece (1), the front disk (5) and the rear disk (6) are all arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the diameters of the front disk (5) and the rear disk (6) are the same and slightly larger than the diameter of the measuring workpiece (1).
6. A method for measuring a broaching force of a key groove broach, which uses the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising
Step 1, placing a key groove broach (10) in a guide sleeve (4), sleeving a main broaching force measuring assembly and a measuring workpiece (1) in the guide sleeve (4), and then installing the guide sleeve (4) in a broaching machine to enable the measuring workpiece (1) to be attached and fixed with a front disc (5);
step 2, mounting the axial thrust measuring rod into a guide hole of the measuring workpiece (1), and pressing the axial thrust measuring rod on a guide sleeve (4) tightly according to a set pretightening force;
and 3, after the broaching machine is started, acquiring and outputting main broaching force and axial thrust signals respectively by a main broaching force strain gauge (8) and an axial thrust strain gauge (3), and processing and synthesizing to obtain the broaching force of the key groove broach (10).
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| CN201711206138.7A CN107900782B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Device and method for measuring broaching force of key groove broach |
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| CN201711206138.7A CN107900782B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Device and method for measuring broaching force of key groove broach |
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| CN107900782B true CN107900782B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109623027B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-02-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Broaching force detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN110083123B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-06-19 | 西安交通大学 | Intelligent control method for assembly connection load based on shape memory alloy |
| CN111390271A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Broaching force measuring device and measured data processing method |
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| DE3828550A1 (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-03-01 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Force measuring ring |
| US5796229A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1998-08-18 | Fanuc Ltd. | Method and apparatus for robotic force controlled material removal with programmable overload release function |
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| CN101947743A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Broaching force test device |
| CN105965046A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2016-09-28 | 上海大学 | Combined type cutting force measuring knife handle |
| CN107159964A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Horizontal internal broaching machine intelligence broaching unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007098523A (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-04-19 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for judging service life of broach, broach quality control device, and broaching device |
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2017
- 2017-11-27 CN CN201711206138.7A patent/CN107900782B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3828550A1 (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-03-01 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Force measuring ring |
| US5796229A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1998-08-18 | Fanuc Ltd. | Method and apparatus for robotic force controlled material removal with programmable overload release function |
| CN201442191U (en) * | 2009-06-14 | 2010-04-28 | 山东博特精工股份有限公司 | Taper-shank dynamometer |
| CN101947743A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Broaching force test device |
| CN105965046A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2016-09-28 | 上海大学 | Combined type cutting force measuring knife handle |
| CN107159964A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Horizontal internal broaching machine intelligence broaching unit |
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