CN107894001B - Special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas - Google Patents
Special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN107894001B CN107894001B CN201711143562.1A CN201711143562A CN107894001B CN 107894001 B CN107894001 B CN 107894001B CN 201711143562 A CN201711143562 A CN 201711143562A CN 107894001 B CN107894001 B CN 107894001B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDZSRRMBFGBOAE-ZPUQHVIOSA-N (1e,3e)-1,4-dichlorobuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound Cl\C=C\C=C\Cl LDZSRRMBFGBOAE-ZPUQHVIOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLIADPFXSACYLS-RQOWECAXSA-N (z)-1,3-dichlorobut-2-ene Chemical compound C\C(Cl)=C\CCl WLIADPFXSACYLS-RQOWECAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHINGNWUUYJOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MHINGNWUUYJOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNNZINNZIQVULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethylbenzene Chemical compound ClCCC1=CC=CC=C1 MNNZINNZIQVULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of basic chemical industry, and particularly relates to a special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas. The burner consists of a burner body and a combustion chamber; the structural scheme and the graded air distribution combustion concept are suitable for harmless incineration treatment of high-boiling point waste liquid in the chlor-alkali industry but are not limited to the industry, so that complete decomposition of organic matters in the single-boiling point waste liquid or mixed combustion process of the high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas is realized, nitrogen oxides and dioxins generated in the waste incineration process are reduced to the maximum extent, and the latest emission standard is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of basic chemical industry, and particularly relates to a special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas.
Background
The chlor-alkali industry is basic chemical raw material industry, and also belongs to high-energy consumption, high-pollution and high-risk industry, and relates to a multi-element environment problem such as pollutant, degradation-resistant environment accumulated substances and the like. Along with the promulgation and implementation of GB15581-2016 pollutant emission standards for caustic soda and polyvinyl chloride industry, the environmental protection pressure in the chlor-alkali industry is more and more severe, and not only waste gas, but also waste liquid with high boiling point which is difficult to treat can be treated by thermal incineration.
Because the high-boiling point waste liquid contains a small amount of solid impurities and a large amount of heavy component chlorides, the high-boiling point waste liquid has high boiling point, is difficult to gasify and has various types, the selection of a combustion scheme and the design of a burner are large technical problems, and the problems of insufficient atomization of the waste liquid, poor turbulence intensity, uneven distribution of a flow field and a temperature field and the like often occur, so that the waste liquid cannot be completely decomposed, carbon black is generated, nitrogen oxides and dioxin are generated more, and the waste liquid cannot reach the standard and be discharged. At present, the field of high boiling point waste liquid incineration is a vacuum zone for industrial upgrading in China, and autonomous technology is still blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the special burner which has reasonable structure and stable work and burns the high-boiling point waste liquid or the mixed combustion of the high-boiling point waste liquid and the waste gas, wherein the flame shape and the turbulence intensity can be adjusted by reasonably arranging the waste liquid and the waste gas and adjusting the proportion of the primary air and the secondary air, so that the complete burning of the high-boiling point waste liquid or the mixed combustion of the gas and the liquid is realized, and the discharged smoke reaches the standard.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas consists of a burner body and a combustion chamber;
the burner body comprises a primary air box, a primary air inlet is arranged at the upper part of the primary air box, a wind dividing cylinder is arranged in the primary air box and used for equalizing primary air, and the phenomenon of eccentric burning is avoided;
the primary air box is internally provided with an injection device for injecting combustion-supporting fuel gas and high-boiling-point waste liquid to be treated, wherein the combustion-supporting fuel gas and the high-boiling-point waste liquid are required for maintaining the incineration temperature;
the ignition gun and the flame detector are arranged on the front end plate of the burner body, the ignition gun adopts a secondary ignition mode, the ignition gun is firstly used for igniting small fire through high-voltage direct current discharge, and then the ignition gun is used for igniting large fire of the burner through the small fire; the flame detector is used for detecting whether the small fire of the fire gun is ignited or not and whether the large fire of the burner is in a safe range or not;
the rear part of the burner body is provided with a combustion chamber communicated with the primary air box, the inner wall of the combustion chamber is laid with refractory materials, and the combustion chamber is a space for completely burning high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas;
the front part of the combustion chamber is provided with a heat storage wall, combustion-supporting fuel gas is burnt on the surface of the heat storage wall in an adhering way, and then the heat storage wall transfers heat to high-boiling-point waste liquid through radiation heat transfer, so that evaporation, vaporization, cracking and combustion of the waste liquid are promoted;
the upper part of the combustion chamber is provided with an exhaust loop, and the exhaust enters the exhaust loop through an exhaust inlet;
the upper part of the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air cavity, secondary air enters the secondary air cavity through a secondary air inlet, the secondary air cavity is provided with a secondary air flow passage communicated with the combustion chamber cavity, the secondary air flow passage is distributed in a geometric tangent circle shape according to a set angle, and the geometric tangent circle diameter is phi B;
the flame retaining ring wall is arranged at the rear part of the combustion chamber and used for restraining part of combustion flame in the cavity of the combustion chamber, so that the volume heat load of the combustion chamber is improved and the turbulent combustion effect is enhanced.
Further, as described above, a special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas, wherein the injection device provided in the primary air box is a gas-liquid combination gun through which combustion-supporting gas required for maintaining the incineration temperature and the high boiling point waste liquid to be treated are injected.
Further, the special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas comprises the gas-liquid combination gun which is composed of the combustion-supporting gas gun and the high-boiling point waste liquid gun, wherein the combustion-supporting gas gun is provided with the combustion-supporting gas inlet, and the high-boiling point waste liquid gun is provided with the high-boiling point waste liquid inlet.
Further, a special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas as described above, the high boiling point waste liquid gun selects one of the following nozzle forms according to the viscosity of the waste liquid and the slag content: a mechanical medium atomizing nozzle, an internal mixed medium atomizing nozzle, an external mixed medium atomizing nozzle and a Y-shaped medium atomizing nozzle; and spraying the high-boiling point waste liquid into the cavity of the combustion chamber through a high-boiling point waste liquid gun, and oxidizing and incinerating the high-boiling point waste liquid in a subsequently connected hearth.
Further, the special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas is characterized in that the end part of the gas-liquid combination gun is provided with the flame holder, and the flame holder selects one of two structures of the axial-flow type flame holder and the porous conical flame holder according to different combustion modes, so that high-temperature backflow flue gas is generated, and flame is maintained to be stably combusted.
Further, as described above, a special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas, when the waste gas is high pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe and is provided with a waste gas gun communicated with the combustion chamber cavity; the waste gas guns are distributed in a tangential circle mode according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle specification of the waste gas guns is phi A;
when the waste gas is low-pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe and is provided with a through hole communicated with the cavity of the combustion chamber; the exhaust gas through holes are distributed in a tangential circle according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle specification is phi A.
Further, as described above, the special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas is provided with the mixing air chamber at the upper part of the combustion chamber when the waste gas is high pressure gas, and the mixing air enters the mixing air chamber through the mixing air inlet; a mixing air flow passage communicated with the combustion chamber cavity is arranged on the mixing air cavity, and a waste air gun is arranged in the mixing air flow passage; the distribution and specification of the mixing air flow channels are the same as those of the waste gas gun.
Further, as described above, in the special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas, the positions of the secondary air flow channel and the mixing air flow channel are adjusted back and forth according to the combustion physical properties of the high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas to be treated, and when the mixing air flow channel is positioned in front of the secondary air flow channel, ΦA is larger than ΦB; when the mixing air flow channel is positioned behind the secondary air flow channel, the phi A is less than the phi B.
Further, the special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas controls the two-stage grading air distribution as follows: the primary air quantity and the high-boiling point waste liquid flow quantity and the combustion-supporting gas quantity are proportionally adjusted, so that combustion of combustion-supporting gas is met, and the high-boiling point waste liquid is prevented from agglomerating and coking by being used as root air; the secondary air quantity is regulated through the oxygen content of the flue gas measured by the rear system, and the secondary air is cut into the combustion chamber at a high speed along the circumferential direction, so that the mixed combustion effect of waste liquid particles, waste gas and combustion-supporting air is enhanced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the special burner adopts the techniques of heat accumulation of a heat accumulation wall, two-stage grading air distribution, strong cyclone combustion and the like, orderly and fully mixes combustion-supporting fuel gas, high-boiling point waste liquid, waste gas and combustion-supporting air, and forms high-speed strong cyclone combustion flame. In the cyclone combustion area, waste gas and secondary air enter from tangential direction, and through reasonably arranging combustion spaces of combustion-supporting fuel gas, waste gas and high-boiling point waste liquid, the air is prevented from being blown out, the complete mixing of the waste gas, the waste liquid and the combustion-supporting air is realized, high-steady-state flame is generated, the flame is completely combusted in a very short time, the flame range is small, the best combustion effect and the maximum destruction rate (the removal rate of organic pollutants in waste is more than 99.999%) can be achieved, and the generation amount of dioxin and nitrogen oxides is very low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a specialty burner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the specialty burner of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the specialty burner of the present invention.
In the figure, (1) primary air inlet, (2) primary air bellows, (3) ignition gun, (4) gas-liquid combination gun (5) high boiling point waste liquid inlet, (6) flame detector, (7) combustion-supporting gas inlet, (8) air distributor, (9) flame stabilizer, (10) refractory material, (11) heat storage wall, (12) waste gas inlet, (13) waste gas ring pipe, (14) waste air gun, (15) mixing air inlet, (16) mixing air cavity, (17) mixing air flow channel, (18) secondary air inlet, (19) secondary air cavity, (20) secondary air flow channel, (21) combustion chamber cavity and (22) flame shielding ring wall.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-3, the special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas consists of a burner body and a combustion chamber;
the burner body comprises a primary air box 2, a primary air inlet 1 is arranged at the upper part of the primary air box 2, a wind dividing cylinder 8 is arranged in the primary air box 2, and the wind dividing cylinder is used for equalizing primary air and avoiding the phenomenon of eccentric burning;
the primary air box 2 is provided with an injection device for injecting combustion-supporting fuel gas and high-boiling-point waste liquid to be treated, which are required for maintaining the incineration temperature;
the spraying device arranged in the primary air box 2 is a gas-liquid combination gun 4, and combustion-supporting fuel gas and high-boiling-point waste liquid to be treated which are required for maintaining the burning temperature are sprayed through the gas-liquid combination gun 4. The gas-liquid combination gun 4 comprises a combustion-supporting gas gun and a high-boiling-point waste liquid gun, wherein a combustion-supporting gas inlet 7 is arranged on the combustion-supporting gas gun, and a high-boiling-point waste liquid inlet 5 is arranged on the high-boiling-point waste liquid gun. The high boiling point waste liquid gun selects one of the following nozzle forms according to the viscosity and slag content of the waste liquid: a mechanical medium atomizing nozzle, an internal mixed medium atomizing nozzle, an external mixed medium atomizing nozzle and a Y-shaped medium atomizing nozzle; the high boiling point waste liquid is sprayed into the combustion chamber cavity 21 and the subsequently connected hearth through the high boiling point waste liquid gun for oxidation incineration. The end part of the gas-liquid combination gun 4 is provided with a flame holder 9, and the flame holder 9 selects one of two structures of an axial flow type flame holder and a porous conical flame holder according to different combustion modes, and is used for generating high-temperature backflow smoke and maintaining flame to stably burn.
When the waste gas is high-pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe 13 and is provided with a waste gas gun 14 communicated with the combustion chamber cavity 21; the waste air guns 14 are distributed in a tangential circle shape according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle specification is phi A; the upper part of the combustion chamber is also provided with a mixing wind cavity 16, and mixing wind enters the mixing wind cavity 16 through a mixing wind inlet 15; a mixing air flow passage 17 communicated with the combustion chamber cavity 21 is arranged on the mixing air cavity 16, and an exhaust gun 14 is arranged in the mixing air flow passage 17; the distribution and specification of the blended air flow path 17 are the same as those of the air gun 14.
When the waste gas is low-pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe 13 and is provided with a through hole communicated with the combustion chamber cavity 21; the exhaust gas through holes are distributed in a tangential circle according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle specification is phi A. The tangential distribution of the exhaust gas flow path significantly enhances the turbulence intensity of the combustion chamber.
The ignition gun 3 and the flame detector 6 are arranged on the front end plate of the burner body, the ignition gun 3 adopts a secondary ignition mode, the ignition gun is firstly ignited to carry out small fire through high-voltage direct current discharge, and then the ignition gun is used for igniting the burner to carry out large fire through the small fire; the flame detector 6 is used for detecting whether the small fire of the burning torch 3 is ignited or not and whether the large fire of the burner is within a safe range or not;
the rear part of the burner body is provided with a combustion chamber communicated with the primary air box 2, the inner wall of the combustion chamber is laid with refractory materials 10, and the combustion chamber is a space for completely burning high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas;
the front part of the combustion chamber is provided with a heat storage wall 11, combustion-supporting fuel gas is stuck on the surface of the heat storage wall 11 for combustion, and then the heat storage wall 11 transfers heat to high-boiling-point waste liquid through radiation heat transfer, so that the evaporation, vaporization and cracking combustion of the waste liquid are promoted; when the waste to be treated is dangerous waste specified by China, the burning temperature of the combustion chamber is 1100-1400 ℃, and particularly when the waste contains halogen elements, the burning temperature of the combustion chamber is above 1200 ℃; when the waste to be treated does not belong to the dangerous waste specified by the country, the burning temperature of the combustion chamber is 1000-1300 ℃.
An exhaust gas loop 13 is arranged at the upper part of the combustion chamber, and exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas loop 13 through an exhaust gas inlet 12;
the upper part of the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air cavity 19, secondary air enters the secondary air cavity 19 through a secondary air inlet 18, a secondary air flow passage 20 communicated with a combustion chamber cavity 21 is arranged on the secondary air cavity 19, and the secondary air flow passages 20 are distributed in a geometric tangent circle shape according to a set angle, and the geometric tangent circle diameter is phi B; the secondary air mainly plays a role in increasing the turbulence intensity of the combustion chamber and strengthening combustion.
The flame blocking ring wall 22 is arranged at the rear part of the combustion chamber, and the flame blocking ring wall 22 is used for restraining part of combustion flame in the combustion chamber cavity 21, so that the volume heat load of the combustion chamber is improved, and the turbulent combustion effect is enhanced.
The positions of the secondary air flow passage 20 and the mixing air flow passage 17 are adjusted back and forth according to the combustion physical properties of the high boiling point waste liquid and the waste gas to be treated, and when the mixing air flow passage 17 is positioned in front of the secondary air flow passage 20, phi A is more than phi B; when the blending airflow channel 17 is located behind the secondary airflow channel 20, Φa < Φb.
The two-stage type graded air distribution is controlled as follows: the primary air quantity and the high-boiling point waste liquid flow quantity and the combustion-supporting gas quantity are proportionally adjusted, so that combustion of combustion-supporting gas is met, and the high-boiling point waste liquid is prevented from agglomerating and coking by being used as root air; the secondary air quantity is regulated through the oxygen content of the flue gas measured by the rear system, and the secondary air is cut into the combustion chamber at a high speed along the circumferential direction, so that the mixed combustion effect of waste liquid particles, waste gas and combustion-supporting air is enhanced.
The burner adopts the air staged combustion technology, and in the operation process, the primary air quantity and the high boiling point waste liquid flow are proportionally adjusted, so as to meet the combustion of combustion-supporting fuel gas and prevent the high boiling point waste liquid from agglomerating and coking as root air. The secondary air quantity is regulated through the flue gas oxygen content measured by the rear system, the secondary air is cut into the combustion chamber at a high speed along the circumferential direction, the mixing of atomized waste liquid particles and combustion-supporting air is enhanced, and the turbulence intensity of combustion flame is improved.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are provided for ease of understanding only and are in no way limiting of the invention.
Case description: the waste liquid with high boiling point, dry waste gas of GWD and wet waste gas of GWW generated in the production process of chlor-alkali industry are treated by adopting an incineration mode, and the waste liquid is characterized in that the main components of the waste liquid are high boiling point substances such as trichloromethane, 1, 4-dichloro-1, 3-butadiene, 1, 3-dichloro-2-butene, chlorobenzene, 2-chloroethyl benzene and 2-chloro-butenyl benzene, and the waste liquid contains a certain amount of solid impurities, has high viscosity and is difficult to treat. The burner is particularly used for burning high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas, and the waste liquid adopts a compressed air atomization internal mixing gun and is arranged on the central shaft of the burner body; natural gas is adopted for combustion supporting in order to meet the incineration temperature of more than 1200 ℃; the GWD dry waste gas and the GWW wet waste gas are circumferentially cut into the combustion chamber, so that the combustion effect is enhanced; the combustion-supporting air adopts graded air distribution. In the operation, the single-burning working condition of the high-boiling point waste liquid exists, the mixed-burning working condition of the high-boiling point waste liquid and the waste gas exists, and main pollutant components in the burned flue gas are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of pollutant components and emission standards in flue gas after incineration
In summary, the special burner for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas provided by the invention particularly relates to a strong swirl combustion chamber and a two-stage type graded air distribution combustion concept which are arranged in the special burner, and is suitable for incinerating high-boiling point waste liquid or mixed combustion working conditions of high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas. The structural scheme and the graded air distribution combustion concept of the burner are suitable for harmless incineration treatment of high-boiling point waste liquid in the chlor-alkali industry but are not limited to the chlor-alkali industry, so that complete decomposition of organic matters in the single-boiling point waste liquid or mixed combustion process of the high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas is realized, nitrogen oxides and dioxins generated in the waste incineration process are reduced to the maximum extent, and the latest emission standard is met.
Claims (1)
1. A special burner for incinerating high boiling point waste liquid and waste gas is characterized in that:
consists of a burner body and a combustion chamber;
the burner body comprises a primary air box (2), a primary air inlet (1) is formed in the upper portion of the primary air box (2), and a wind dividing cylinder (8) is arranged in the primary air box (2) and is used for equalizing primary air and avoiding a bias burning phenomenon;
an injection device is arranged in the primary air box (2) and is used for injecting combustion-supporting fuel gas and high-boiling-point waste liquid to be treated, wherein the combustion-supporting fuel gas and the high-boiling-point waste liquid are required for maintaining the incineration temperature;
the ignition gun (3) and the flame detector (6) are arranged on the front end plate of the burner body, the ignition gun (3) adopts a secondary ignition mode, and the ignition gun is firstly used for igniting the small fire of the ignition gun through high-voltage direct current discharge, and then the ignition gun is used for igniting the large fire of the burner through the small fire of the ignition gun; the flame detector (6) is used for detecting whether the small fire of the burning torch (3) ignites or not and whether the big fire of the burner is in a safe range or not;
the rear part of the burner body is provided with a combustion chamber communicated with the primary air box (2), a refractory material (10) is laid on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is a space for completely burning high-boiling point waste liquid and waste gas;
the front part of the combustion chamber is provided with a heat storage wall (11), combustion-supporting fuel gas is burnt on the surface of the heat storage wall (11), and then the heat storage wall (11) transfers heat to high-boiling-point waste liquid through radiation heat transfer, so that evaporation, vaporization, cracking and combustion of the waste liquid are promoted;
an exhaust loop (13) is arranged at the upper part of the combustion chamber, and exhaust enters the exhaust loop (13) through an exhaust inlet (12);
the upper part of the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air cavity (19), secondary air enters the secondary air cavity (19) through a secondary air inlet (18), a secondary air flow passage (20) communicated with a combustion chamber cavity (21) is arranged on the secondary air cavity (19), and the secondary air flow passages (20) are distributed in a geometric tangent circle shape according to a set angle, wherein the geometric tangent circle diameter is phi B;
the flame blocking ring wall (22) is arranged at the rear part of the combustion chamber, and the flame blocking ring wall (22) is used for restraining part of combustion flame in the combustion chamber cavity (21), so that the volume heat load of the combustion chamber is improved, and the turbulent combustion effect is enhanced;
the spraying device arranged in the primary air box (2) is a gas-liquid combination gun (4), and combustion-supporting fuel gas required for maintaining the burning temperature and high-boiling-point waste liquid to be treated are sprayed through the gas-liquid combination gun (4); the gas-liquid combination gun (4) consists of a combustion-supporting gas gun and a high-boiling-point waste liquid gun, wherein a combustion-supporting gas inlet (7) is arranged on the combustion-supporting gas gun, and a high-boiling-point waste liquid inlet (5) is arranged on the high-boiling-point waste liquid gun;
the high boiling point waste liquid gun selects one of the following nozzle forms according to the viscosity and slag content of the waste liquid: a mechanical medium atomizing nozzle, an internal mixed medium atomizing nozzle, an external mixed medium atomizing nozzle and a Y-shaped medium atomizing nozzle; spraying high-boiling point waste liquid into a combustion chamber cavity (21) through a high-boiling point waste liquid gun, and oxidizing and incinerating a hearth connected with the combustion chamber cavity;
the end part of the gas-liquid combination gun (4) is provided with a flame stabilizer (9), and the flame stabilizer (9) selects one of two structures of an axial flow type flame stabilizer and a porous conical flame stabilizer according to different combustion modes, and is used for generating high-temperature backflow flue gas and maintaining flame to stably burn;
when the waste gas is high-pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe (13) and is provided with a waste gas gun (14) communicated with the combustion chamber cavity (21); the waste air guns (14) are distributed in a tangential circle shape according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle diameter is phi A; the upper part of the combustion chamber is also provided with a mixing air cavity (16), and mixing air enters the mixing air cavity (16) through a mixing air inlet (15); a mixing air flow passage (17) communicated with the combustion chamber cavity (21) is arranged on the mixing air cavity (16), and an exhaust gun (14) is arranged in the mixing air flow passage (17); the distribution and specification of the mixing air flow channels (17) are the same as those of the waste gas gun (14);
when the waste gas is low-pressure gas, the waste gas enters the waste gas ring pipe (13) and is provided with a through hole communicated with the combustion chamber cavity (21); the exhaust gas through holes are distributed in a tangential circle according to a set angle, and the geometric tangential circle diameter is phi A;
the positions of the secondary air flow channel (20) and the mixing air flow channel (17) are adjusted back and forth according to the combustion physical properties of the high boiling point waste liquid and the waste gas to be treated, and when the mixing air flow channel (17) is positioned in front of the secondary air flow channel (20), the phi A is more than phi B; when the mixing air flow channel (17) is positioned behind the secondary air flow channel (20), the phi A is smaller than the phi B;
the two-stage type graded air distribution is controlled as follows: the primary air quantity and the high-boiling point waste liquid flow quantity and the combustion-supporting gas quantity are proportionally adjusted, so that combustion of combustion-supporting gas is met, and the high-boiling point waste liquid is prevented from agglomerating and coking by being used as root air; the secondary air quantity is regulated through the oxygen content of the flue gas measured by the rear system, and the secondary air is cut into the combustion chamber at a high speed along the circumferential direction, so that the mixed combustion effect of waste liquid particles, waste gas and combustion-supporting air is enhanced.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109595568B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-04-03 | 江苏普蓝特节能技术有限公司 | High-purity waste ammonia gas incinerator, system and process |
| CN110553267A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | multi-fuel low-nitrogen combustor |
| CN111720839A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-29 | 山东同智创新能源科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment |
| CN112902152B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Two-stage combustion chamber combustion device for co-combustion of low-volatile solid fuel |
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