CN107892300A - A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method and application - Google Patents
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107892300A CN107892300A CN201711127742.0A CN201711127742A CN107892300A CN 107892300 A CN107892300 A CN 107892300A CN 201711127742 A CN201711127742 A CN 201711127742A CN 107892300 A CN107892300 A CN 107892300A
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- coffee grounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D473/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
- C07D473/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6
- C07D473/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two oxygen atoms
- C07D473/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two oxygen atoms with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached in position 1 or 3
- C07D473/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two oxygen atoms with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached in position 1 or 3 with methyl radicals in positions 1, 3, and 7, e.g. caffeine
Abstract
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method provided by the invention and application, are related to coffee grounds field of comprehensive utilization.A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, including：Dried coffee grounds is pyrolyzed at least twice；Coffee grounds is pyrolyzed under conditions of 190~210 DEG C, separates and recovers first time thermal decomposition product；Continue to heat up, the coffee grounds by pyrolysis for the first time is pyrolyzed at least once under conditions of 290~410 DEG C, separates and recovers thermal decomposition product；Continue to heat up, the pyrolysis residue after being pyrolyzed using steam activation, it is preferable that first time thermal decomposition product includes caffeine.This method is easy to operate, and controllability is strong, resource reutilization, environmental protection, can be mass-produced.A kind of application of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, caffeine and pyrolysis oil are reclaimed, widen the application of coffee grounds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coffee grounds field of comprehensive utilization, and more particularly to a kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method
And application.
Background technology
Coffee is one of three big drink of the world, has very important status in daily life and commerce and trade.From
Start within 2010, whole world coffee annual production is increased with 6% speed, and to 2014, whole world coffee annual production was about
9600000 tons.0.9kg coffee grounds will be produced by often producing 1kg coffees, coffee grounds be it is a kind of rich in aliphatic acid, lignin, cellulose,
The high grease biomass of hemicellulose and bio oil, it is considered as the biomass resource of the sustainable development of great potential of new generation,
Therefore new focus is turned into coffee grounds recycling.
At present, the research both at home and abroad to coffee grounds is in the junior stage, and is concentrated mainly on constituent analysis, constituents extraction, heat
Dynamics, combustion characteristics, compost and construction material etc. are solved, above research fails to realize that recycling is high-quality to coffee grounds
Change comprehensive utilization, without good environment, economic and social benefit.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, this method is easy to operate, can
Strong, the resource reutilization of control property, environmental protection, can be mass-produced.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, coffee is reclaimed
Cause and pyrolysis oil, widen the application of coffee grounds.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and realized using following technical scheme：
The present invention proposes a kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, including：By dried coffee grounds carry out to
It is few to be pyrolyzed twice；Coffee grounds is pyrolyzed under conditions of 190~210 DEG C, separates and recovers first time thermal decomposition product；Continue to heat up,
Coffee grounds by pyrolysis for the first time is pyrolyzed at least once under conditions of 290~410 DEG C, separates and recovers pyrolysis
Product；Continue to heat up, the pyrolysis residue after being pyrolyzed using steam activation, it is preferable that first time thermal decomposition product includes caffeine.
The present invention proposes a kind of application of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method in caffeine is prepared.
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method of the embodiment of the present invention and the beneficial effect of application are：
By dividing gradient pyrolysis coffee grounds, different thermal decomposition products is reclaimed, i.e., is directly separated in pyrolytic process, walked
It is rapid simple, it is easy to operate, it is not necessary to which that reprocessing can obtain caffeine and organic substance.Caffeine has higher economy in itself
Value, organic substance can be used to prepare the fuel such as biodiesel, reduce the demand to fossil energy, reduce toxic and harmful gas
Discharge, economize on resources, environmental protection.Pyrolysis residue is activated using vapor, step is simple, simple operation, saves into
This.There is no corrosivity to device in processing procedure, instrument will not be damaged, reduce processing cost.Obtained biological activated carbon absorption
Better performances.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method to the embodiment of the present invention and application are specifically described below.
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device and is pyrolyzed, at this
In invention, pyrolysis number at least twice, wherein, pyrolysis for the first time includes：
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.01MPa~-0.1Mpa, 190~210 DEG C are warming up to, makes coffee grounds in the temperature
Degree is lower to be pyrolyzed, and 20~40min of isothermal pyrolysis, separates and recovers first time thermal decomposition product.Know through research, the obtained under this condition
One time thermal decomposition product is mainly caffeine.Caffeine is a kind of xanthine alkaloid compound, is a kind of central nervous excitation agent,
Sleepiness can temporarily be driven away and regained one's vigor, be clinically used to treat neurasthenia and stupor is recovered.The purposes of caffeine is very
More, use range is wide, therefore has higher value.Most important caffeine source is coffee bean in the world, and the present invention utilizes
Caffeine is made in waste material coffee grounds, resource reutilization, reduces cost, environmental protection.
The product for being pyrolyzed separation and recovery under this condition is mainly caffeine, if continuing heating pyrolysis, obtained product is
Mixture, it contains more organic substance, is not easy to carry out separating-purifying to caffeine.Therefore, it is different in order to separate and recover
Material, after first time is pyrolyzed, then separation and recovery is pyrolyzed at least once.
In embodiments of the invention, after first time is pyrolyzed, carries out second and third time is pyrolyzed.Specifically, it is being pyrolyzed
Under conditions of pressure is -0.01MPa~-0.1Mpa, 290~310 DEG C are continuously heating to, 20~40min of isothermal pyrolysis, is separated back
Receive second of thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.01MPa~-0.1Mpa, it is continuously heating to
390~410 DEG C, 20~40min of isothermal pyrolysis, separate and recover third time thermal decomposition product.Preferably, in order to ensure each stage
Fully pyrolysis, the temperature rate heated up every time is 5~20 DEG C/min.
Know through research, second of thermal decomposition product includes caffeine, palmitonitrile, methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, linoleic acid oleic acid
With at least two in stearmide.Third time thermal decomposition product includes caffeine, palmitonitrile, methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, sub- oil
At least two in pinolenic acid, stearic acid, catechol and pentadecane.
At different temperature, the product of pyrolysis is also different, can carry out pyrolysis time and number according to being actually needed
Set, obtain required organic substance.These organic substances value is also higher, can be used for preparing the fuel such as biodiesel,
The demand to fossil energy is reduced, the discharge of toxic and harmful gas is reduced, economizes on resources, environmental protection.
During first time pyrolysis and second are pyrolyzed, a certain amount of fixed gas can be produced, wherein containing methane etc.
Gas.The present invention is recycled using purifier to fixed gas, does not discharge toxic and harmful gas, green, to people
Body and environment non-hazardous.
Divide gradient pyrolysis coffee grounds, reclaim different thermal decomposition products, i.e., directly separated in pyrolytic process.According to
One-step method is pyrolyzed, obtain for mixture, the material in separating mixture is more difficult, is not easy to implement.Therefore the present invention uses
Method directly separated in pyrolytic process,
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Specifically, it is in temperature
600~900 DEG C, vapor flow be 2~6Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 40~120min after,
Cooling obtains activated carbon from activated sludge.In the present invention, vapor is provided by steam evaporator.The activated carbon-iodine absorption of preparation
It is worth for 900~1100mgg-1, can be used for the absorption of heavy metal wastewater thereby, organic exhaust gas, be a kind of good scavenging material.
The activation process of the present invention is carried out equally in pyrolysis installation, and coffee grounds need not take out in pyrolysis activates device
Whole processing can be completed, treatment method step is simple, it is not necessary to which other instruments, simple operation are cost-effective.And this hair
Bright to be activated using vapor, device is not corroded in processing procedure etc. influences, and will not damage instrument, reduction is processed into
This.
The product species for handling to obtain by this method are more, and quality is high, and value is high, and economic benefit is more preferable.
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can obtain caffeine, organic matter
Matter and activated carbon from activated sludge, it can apply in multiple fields.Preferably, the processing method, which can be applied, is preparing caffeine
In, prepare in industrial fuel and prepare in scavenging material.
The feature and performance of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.02Mpa, to be warming up to 190 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 20min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and third time is pyrolyzed.
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.01Mpa, 290 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 20min are continuously heating to, separation and recovery the
Secondary thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.01MPa, 390 DEG C are continuously heating to, isothermal pyrolysis
20min, separate and recover third time thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 800 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 2Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 40min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Embodiment 2
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.09Mpa, to be warming up to 210 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 40min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and third time is pyrolyzed.
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.09Mpa, 310 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 40min are continuously heating to, separation and recovery the
Secondary thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.09Mpa, 410 DEG C are continuously heating to, isothermal pyrolysis
40min, separate and recover third time thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 900 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 6Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 120min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass work
Property charcoal.
Embodiment 3
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.07Mpa, to be warming up to 205 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 35min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and third time is pyrolyzed.
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.08Mpa, 305 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 35min are continuously heating to, separation and recovery the
Secondary thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.08Mpa, 405 DEG C are continuously heating to, isothermal pyrolysis
35min, separate and recover third time thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 850 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 3Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 90min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Embodiment 4
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.05Mpa, to be warming up to 200 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 30min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and third time is pyrolyzed.
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.05Mpa, 290~310 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 30min are continuously heating to, separation
Reclaim second of thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.05Mpa, 400 DEG C are continuously heating to, perseverance
Warm solution 30min, separates and recovers third time thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 750 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 4Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 80min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Embodiment 5
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.08Mpa, to be warming up to 200 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 25min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and third time is pyrolyzed.
Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.08Mpa, 300 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 25min are continuously heating to, separation and recovery the
Secondary thermal decomposition product.After recovery terminates, under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.08Mpa, 400 DEG C are continuously heating to, isothermal pyrolysis
40min, separate and recover third time thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 750 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 3Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 85min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Comparative example 1
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.01Mpa, to be continuously heating to 450 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 30min, thermal decomposition product is separated and recovered.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 900 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 4Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 60min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Comparative example 2
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.05Mpa, to be warming up to 200 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 20min, separation and recovery
Thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation can carry out activating obtained activated carbon from activated sludge.Temperature be 820 DEG C,
Vapor flow is 5Lmin-1Under conditions of pyrolysis residue is activated, activate 90min after, cooling i.e. obtain biomass active
Charcoal.
Comparative example 3
A kind of coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method is present embodiments provided, is mainly included：
Coffee grounds is cleaned, dried.Dried coffee grounds is placed in pyrolysis activation device, in synthesis pressure
Under conditions of -0.07Mpa, to be warming up to 350 DEG C, coffee grounds is set to be pyrolyzed at such a temperature, isothermal pyrolysis 30min, separation and recovery
First time thermal decomposition product.
After being pyrolyzed for the first time, carry out second and be pyrolyzed.Under conditions of synthesis pressure is -0.07Mpa, it is continuously heating to
450 DEG C, isothermal pyrolysis 40min, separate and recover second of thermal decomposition product.
After pyrolysis, the pyrolysis residue in pyrolysis installation is taken out, it is soaked using acid solution, be ultrasonic, is dried, is activated,
Wash acid, dry, obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.
Test example
Choose embodiment 1~5, the thermal decomposition product that comparative example 1~3 provides, detect material composition, find：Embodiment 1~5
The first time thermal decomposition product of offer is mainly the caffeine aqueous solution, and second of thermal decomposition product and third time thermal decomposition product predominantly have
Machine material.Product in comparative example 1 is mainly the caffeine aqueous solution, and the product in comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 is caffeine and has
The mixture of machine material.
Choose embodiment 1~5, the activated carbon from activated sludge that comparative example 1~3 provides, detection performance is as a result as follows：
The testing result of table 1
| Group | Iodine adsorbs (mg/g) |
| Embodiment 1 | 1160 |
| Embodiment 2 | 965 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1228 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1200 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1182 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1183 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1004 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1107 |
It can be seen from table 1：The iodine sorption value for the activated carbon from activated sludge that embodiment 1~5, comparative example 1~3 provide is higher, portion
Activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value is divided to exceed the standard value 1100mg/g of national Specification, adsorption effect is preferable.
In summary, coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method provided by the invention, by dividing gradient pyrolysis coffee grounds,
Different thermal decomposition products is reclaimed, i.e., is directly separated in pyrolytic process, step is simple, easy to operate, it is not necessary to reprocesses
It can obtain caffeine and organic substance.Caffeine has higher economic value in itself, and organic substance can be used to prepare biology
The fuel such as matter diesel oil, the demand to fossil energy is reduced, reduce the discharge of toxic and harmful gas, economize on resources, environmental protection.Profit
Pyrolysis residue is activated with vapor, step is simple, simple operation, cost-effective.Device is not corroded in activation process
Property, instrument will not be damaged, reduces processing cost.Obtained biological activated carbon absorption property is preferable.
Embodiments described above is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method, it is characterised in that including：Dried coffee grounds is carried out at least It is pyrolyzed twice；The coffee grounds is pyrolyzed under conditions of 190~210 DEG C, separates and recovers first time thermal decomposition product；Continue to rise Temperature, the coffee grounds by pyrolysis for the first time is pyrolyzed at least once under conditions of 290~410 DEG C, separated respectively Reclaim thermal decomposition product；Continue to heat up, the pyrolysis residue after being pyrolyzed using steam activation, it is preferable that the first time thermal decomposition product Including caffeine.
- 2. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after being pyrolyzed for the first time, The coffee grounds by pyrolysis for the first time is carried out into second under conditions of 290~310 DEG C to be pyrolyzed, second of separation and recovery Thermal decomposition product.
- 3. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that second of pyrolysis Product includes at least two in caffeine, palmitonitrile, methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, linoleic acid oleic acid and stearmide.
- 4. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that after second is pyrolyzed, The coffee grounds by second of pyrolysis is subjected to third time pyrolysis, separation and recovery third time under conditions of 390~410 DEG C Thermal decomposition product.
- 5. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the third time pyrolysis Product is included in caffeine, palmitonitrile, methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, linoleic acid oleic acid, stearic acid, catechol and pentadecane At least two.
- 6. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heat in pyrolytic process Decompression force is -0.01MPa~-0.1MPa.
- 7. the coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that in pyrolytic process Pyrolysis time be 25~40min.
- 8. coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that temperature be 600~ 900 DEG C, vapor flow be 2~6Lmin-1Under conditions of the pyrolysis residue is activated.
- 9. the coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that steam activation The iodine sorption values of activation products be 900~1100mgg-1。
- 10. the answering in caffeine is prepared of the coffee grounds valuable component separation and recovery method as described in any one of claim 1~9 With.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030196954A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-10-23 | King Car Food Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing activated carbon from coffee waste |
| CN105217629A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 广东工业大学 | The preparation method of coffee grounds gac |
| CN105984871A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-10-05 | 戴旭 | Method for preparing modified activated carbon from coffee residues |
| CN106784832A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of porous material and its application in sodium-ion battery |
-
2017
- 2017-11-15 CN CN201711127742.0A patent/CN107892300A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030196954A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-10-23 | King Car Food Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing activated carbon from coffee waste |
| CN105217629A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 广东工业大学 | The preparation method of coffee grounds gac |
| CN105984871A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-10-05 | 戴旭 | Method for preparing modified activated carbon from coffee residues |
| CN106784832A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of porous material and its application in sodium-ion battery |
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| Title |
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| CÍNTHIA S. CASTRO ET AL: "Phenol adsorption by activated carbon produced from spent coffee grounds", 《WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY》 * |
| NANWEI CHEN ET AL: "Kinetics of coffee industrial residue pyrolysis using distributed activation energy model and components separation of bio-oil by sequencing temperature-raising pyrolysis", 《BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY》 * |
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