CN107888186A - A kind of active microwave source combination - Google Patents
A kind of active microwave source combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN107888186A CN107888186A CN201610873717.6A CN201610873717A CN107888186A CN 107888186 A CN107888186 A CN 107888186A CN 201610873717 A CN201610873717 A CN 201610873717A CN 107888186 A CN107888186 A CN 107888186A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/093—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using special filtering or amplification characteristics in the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/099—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of active microwave source combination, including：Frequency synthesizer, crystal oscillator reference signal, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal, local oscillation signal and output signal that complete machine needs are produced, produce a local oscillation signal and two local oscillation signals that upconverting unit and receiving unit need；Upconverting unit, the up-conversion twice of input intermediate frequency is completed, and premodulated is carried out to the signal after first time up-conversion in the presence of presetting pulse；Transmitter unit, upconverting unit output signal is amplified coupling Gong Fen tetra- tunnels, all the way by exporting self-correcting signal in the presence of input square-wave signal switch modulation and automatically controlled decay, all the way by detection output rectified signal, coupling output transmitting encourages coupled signal all the way, all the way the output drive signal after switch modulation and amplifier power supply modulation；Receiving unit, antenna reception signal down coversion twice is completed, and the protection and shut-off of receiving channel are completed in the presence of PIN switches, THL switches, local oscillator block switch；Power supply and control unit, complete secondary pressure, each way switch drive control and the sequence of power switching control for launching amplifying circuit that complete machine provides power supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave electron technology, particularly a kind of active microwave source combination.
Background technology
In microwave frequency band, relative to semiconductor devices, although vacuum electron device has high power, high efficiency etc. significant
Advantage, but have the shortcomings that volume is big, weight weight, uniformity difference simultaneously.Thus with the fast development of semiconductor devices, vacuum
Electronic device such as travelling-wave tubes, backward wave tube, klystron, magnetron etc. communication, radar, guidance, electronic countermeasure, microwave heating, plus
The field faces such as fast device, controlled thermonuclear fusion huge challenge.Therefore, vacuum electron device is badly in need of sending out to miniaturization
Exhibition while the further raising power of needs, to tackle the challenge from semiconductor devices.
Active microwave source combination major function is the various frequency signals for producing local oscillation signal and complete machine needs, and complete machine is defeated
The emission medium-frequency signal that enters carries out up-conversion, switching gate transmitting output, the signal that antenna is received carry out down coversion export to
Intermediate-frequency receiver.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of combination of active microwave source, including frequency synthesizer, receiving unit, up-conversion list
Member, transmitter unit, power supply and control unit.The frequency synthesizer produces crystal oscillator reference signal, the crystal oscillator benchmark coupling that complete machine needs
Signal, local oscillation signal and output signal are closed, produces a local oscillation signal and two local oscillators letter that upconverting unit and receiving unit need
Number, wherein two local oscillation signals are Frequency Hopping Signal；Upconverting unit completes the up-conversion twice of input intermediate frequency, and in presetting pulse
Premodulated is carried out to the signal after first time up-conversion under effect；Upconverting unit output signal is amplified coupling by transmitter unit
The tunnels of Gong Fen tetra- are closed, all the way by exporting self-correcting signal in the presence of input square-wave signal switch modulation and automatically controlled decay, are passed through all the way
Detection output rectified signal is crossed, coupling output transmitting excitation coupled signal, is adjusted by switch modulation and amplifier power supply all the way all the way
Output drive signal after system；Receiving unit completes antenna reception signal down coversion twice, and in PIN switches, THL switches, local oscillator
The protection and shut-off of receiving channel are completed in the presence of block switch.Power supply and control unit complete complete machine and provide the secondary of power supply
Voltage stabilizing, each way switch drive control and the sequence of power switching control for launching amplifying circuit.
Using combinations thereof, the frequency synthesizer includes crystal oscillator, power-devided circuit, a local oscillator generation circuit, two local oscillators and produced
Circuit, frequency multiplier；Signal work(caused by crystal oscillator is divided into 6 tunnels by the power-devided circuit, wherein 3 tunnels are believed respectively as crystal oscillator benchmark
Number, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal, local oscillation signal, the 4th tunnel is used as output signal, the local oscillator of the 5th tunnel one after the frequency multiplication of frequency multiplier 10
Generation circuit generates a local oscillation signal and transmitted to upconverting unit and receiving unit, the local oscillator generation circuit of the 6th tunnel two generation two
Local oscillation signal is transmitted to upconverting unit and receiving unit.
Using combinations thereof, two local oscillator generation circuits realize have by the way of down coversion locks phase in the frequency synthesizer
Body includes following component：Crystal oscillation signal work(is divided into two-way by the first power splitter, wherein the first power splitter first via output signal
Transmitted from phase discriminator first input end, first the second tunnel of power splitter output signal passing point frequency source successively, after attenuator, amplifier
The input of input mixer second, second mixer input access signal are obtained by phase detector output signal, phase discriminator second
Input input signal is the signal after being mixed at frequency mixer, is specially：The low-pass filtered device of phase detector output signal, voltage-controlled shake
Coupled after swinging device with a two-divider, first input signal of the two-divider output signal as frequency mixer, frequency mixer it is defeated
Go out the second input signal as phase discriminator after the low-pass filtered device of signal and amplifier, the output signal of voltage controlled oscillator is through one
Two-way is divided into by the second power splitter after bandpass filter, per all the way after attenuator and amplifier as the output of two local oscillation signals；
The phase discriminator receives the control of outside frequency modulation control code and frequency modulation synchronizing signal by PLD.
Using combinations thereof, the receiving unit includes 3 receiving channels, and each receiving channel includes what is be sequentially connected
Preceding isolator, PIN switches, preceding frequency mixer, 90 ° of electric bridges, preceding intermediate frequency amplifier, temperature compensation attenuator, THL switches, rear isolator, after
Frequency mixer；Frequency mixer before one local oscillation signal inputs through local oscillator block switch, the preceding isolator input antenna reception signal,
First time down-converted is carried out at preceding frequency mixer to signal, second of down-converted is carried out to signal at rear frequency mixer.
Using combinations thereof, the tunnel of receiving unit three is designed with amplitude debug point, there is discrete type using device when
Debugged；Cavity isolation design is used in receiving unit structure, three path pouch are individually formed shielding cavity；Receiving unit electricity
Filter network is added in the design of source, the high-frequency signal on power supply is isolated.
Using combinations thereof, upconverting unit output signal is divided into two by the transmitter unit by a coupling power-devided circuit
Road, the first via signal after coupling is successively by input square-wave signal switch modulation, automatically controlled decay, power amplifier and isolator
Self-correcting signal is exported afterwards, and the second road signal after coupling is divided into two-way through a power splitter work(, and wherein first via signal is adjusted through switch
Output drive signal after system and power amplifier and isolator, the final stage power splitter of the second tunnel one are divided into two-way, final stage power splitter
The first via signal of work(point is by wave detector output rectified signal, and the second road signal of final stage power amplifier device work(point is after isolator
Output drive coupled signal.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below：Phase-locked loop circuit in (1) two local oscillator generation unit is reflecting
When phase frequency is 4.5MHz, when it exports radiofrequency signal, spuious index is optimized caused by phase demodulation leaks；(2) on
In converter unit, to the pumping signal shut-off of transmitting than design and the use of cavity body filter, what is made is upper for the selection of presetting pulse
Conversion process is optimized；(3) switched in receiving unit by PIN, the design of amplitude debug point, individual cavity, filter network,
Add the reasonability of receiving channel.
The present invention is described further with reference to Figure of description.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is active microwave source combination composition frame chart.
Fig. 2 is frequency synthesizer theory diagram.
Fig. 3 is the second local oscillator detailed design theory diagram.
Fig. 4 is loop filter theory diagram.
Fig. 5 is upconverting unit theory diagram.
Fig. 6 is receiving unit design principle block diagram.
Fig. 7 is transmitter unit design principle block diagram.
Embodiment
Combine by frequency synthesizer, receiving unit, upconverting unit, transmitter unit and power supply and control unit in active microwave source
Composition, its basic theory of constitution are as shown in Figure 1.
The operation principle of active microwave source combination is the internal various frequency signals for producing local oscillation signal and complete machine needs, complete
Into input intermediate-freuqncy signal twice up-conversion and by switch modulation, power supply gating output complete machine need pumping signal, complete day
Down coversion exports line reception signal to intermediate-frequency receiver twice.The operation principle of wherein each functional unit is as follows：
Frequency synthesizer：Produce the crystal oscillator reference signal f that complete machine needs92, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal f92TS, local oscillation signal
f92LOWith output signal f918, a local oscillation signal and two local oscillation signals that upconverting unit and receiving unit need are produced, wherein two
Local oscillation signal is Frequency Hopping Signal.
Upconverting unit：The up-conversion twice of input intermediate frequency is completed, and on first time in the presence of presetting pulse TB
Signal after frequency conversion carries out premodulated.
Transmitter unit：Upconverting unit output signal is amplified coupling Gong Fen tetra- tunnels, all the way by input square wave letter
Number f119Self-correcting signal f is exported in the presence of switch modulation and the automatically controlled decay of KFAa, TJ is exported by detection all the way, is coupled all the way
Output transmitting excitation coupled signal fTS, all the way by TB2 switch modulations and TB3 amplifier power supplies modulation after output drive signal fT。
Receiving unit：Antenna reception signal down coversion twice is completed, and in TP switches, THL switches, local oscillator block switch TL
The protection and shut-off of receiving channel are completed in the presence of switch.
Power supply and control unit：Complete secondary pressure, each way switch drive control and transmitting amplification that complete machine provides power supply
The sequence of power switching control of circuit.
1st, frequency synthesizer designs
The major function that frequency synthesizer is completed is to produce the crystal oscillator reference signal f that complete machine needs92, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal
f92TS, local oscillation signal f92LOWith output signal f918, produce a local oscillation signal and two that upconverting unit and receiving unit need
Shake signal, wherein two local oscillation signals are Frequency Hopping Signal.
Frequency synthesizer master-plan theory diagram is as shown in figure 3, the unit divides amplifying circuit, output signal including crystal oscillator work(
f918Generation circuit, a local oscillator generation circuit and two local oscillator generation circuits.
(1) crystal oscillator work(divides amplifying circuit
The major function that crystal oscillator power amplifier amplifying circuit is completed is to produce the crystal oscillator reference signal f that complete machine needs92, crystal oscillator benchmark
Coupled signal f92TS, local oscillation signal f92LO, and complete output signal f918Generation circuit, a local oscillator generation circuit and the production of two local oscillators
The crystal oscillation signal work(of raw circuit divides enlarging function.
Required according to technical protocol, crystal oscillator frequency selection is 91.86MHz.According to crystal oscillator reference signal f92, crystal oscillator benchmark coupling
Close signal f92TS, local oscillation signal f92LOFrequency stability (containing the degree of accuracy) is ± 3 × 10-6The index request of (in complete warm scope),
Temperature compensating crystal oscillator can meet index request, and temperature compensating crystal oscillator has the characteristics of small power consumption, start stabilization time is short, therefore select temperature compensation
Crystal oscillator.Two local oscillator generation circuit output signals are Frequency Hopping Signal, and because crystal oscillator frequency is 91.86MHz, index request exists
Frequency synthesizer output frequency frequency points in bandwidth of operation are no less than 60, therefore frequency hopping stepping is 9.186MHz, is believed according to two local oscillators
Number circuit design principle, its notional phase noise penalty value is -45.1dBc, it is contemplated that 3dB or so phase during Project Realization
Position noise loss, crystal oscillator phase noise specifications must are fulfilled for -50dBc-100dBc=-150dBc@10KHz skill needed for this programme
Art requirement.In view of the amount of redundancy of design objective, crystal oscillator phase noise specifications are -155dBc/Hz@10KHz, can meet to design
It is required that.
Crystal oscillator reference signal f92, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal f92TS, local oscillation signal f92LODivided by crystal oscillation signal work(, amplified,
Filtering directly exports, it is contemplated that influence of the amplifier to crystal oscillation signal phase noise, the phase noise of this three roads signal can reach
To -150dBc/Hz@10KHz with remote, the low pass filter after amplifier is LC wave filters, harmonics restraint can reach 35dB with
On.
(2) output signal f918 generation circuits
Output signal f918The major function that generation circuit is completed is to produce output signal f918, the signal is by a frequency during design
Phase locked source produces, and the index of the frequency source is：Output power single sideband phase noise index is≤- 115dBc/Hz@10KHz with remote, harmonic wave suppression
System >=10dB, spurious level≤- 65dBc, power output (5~9) dBm.In order to meet harmonics restraint index request, in a frequency source
Output plus one-stage low-pass filter, it can reach 30dB to harmonics restraint, the frequency source that the puts a spot suppression to harmonic wave in itself, harmonic wave suppression
System can reach 40dB.
(3) one local oscillator generation circuits
The major function that one local oscillator generation circuit is completed is to produce the local oscillator letter that upconverting unit and receiving unit need
Number, the signal is produced by a frequency source during design, and the index of the frequency source is：Output power single sideband phase noise index is≤- 111dBc/
Hz, harmonics restraint >=10dB, spurious level≤- 65dBc, power output (5~9) dBm.In order that harmonics restraint index meets to want
Ask, add one-stage low-pass filter in a frequency source output end, harmonics restraint reaches 40dB, then exports two-way after work(point amplification
One local oscillation signal.
(4) two local oscillator generation circuits
The major function that two local oscillator generation circuits are completed is to produce the two local oscillators letter that upconverting unit and receiving unit need
Number, because the local oscillation signal frequency is higher, the partial circuit is realized by the way of down coversion locks phase, theory diagram such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.
Down coversion local oscillation signal source technology index is in two local oscillator generation circuits：
Output frequency：7899.96MHz；
Power output：(5~9) dBm；
Harmonics restraint：≤-25dBc；
Clutter recognition：≤-65dBc；
Phase noise：≤ -105dBc/Hz@10KHz are with remote；
In two local oscillator generation circuits phase discriminator select HITTITE companies production HMC704LP4, VCO from 13
HEV1800N-3, voltage-controlled sensitivity are 250~400MHz/V, harmonics restraint≤- 15dBc, clutter recognition≤- 70dBc, and phase is made an uproar
Sound：≤ -88dBc/Hz 100KHz, a width of 500KHz of phase-locked loop band, phase demodulation frequency 4.593MHz, center frequency point corresponds to voltage-controlled
Voltage is 3V, and loop filter uses active filter, and loop filter theory diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
2nd, upconverting unit designs
The major function that upconverting unit is completed is that input intermediate frequency is carried out into up-conversion, and in presetting pulse TB work twice
Premodulated is carried out with the signal after the lower up-conversion to first time, its theory diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
(1) shut-offs of the TB to fT is than design
Preregulator switch isolation degree selected by upconverting unit is 60dB, and TB switching requirements isolations are more than
40dB, transmitter unit gain compression is no more than 10dB, to f when TB is high levelTShut-off ratio can meet index
It is required that.
(2) leaky design that TB exports to preregulator
The frequency of TB signals is relatively low, and the output end in design in frequency mixer has used cavity body filter, can completely hinder
The transmission of disconnected TB signals, it is ensured that it is less than≤- 80dBm in the leakage of preregulator output.
(3) transmission signal is to fLThe suppression design of signal
Transmission signal is to fLThe suppression of signal is mainly isolated by the local oscillator of the frequency mixer of upconverting unit and wave filter is real
It is existing.
The local oscillator isolation minimum value of upconverting unit frequency mixer is 40dB, with reference to the real work situation of the frequency mixer, sheet
Input power of shaking is+13dBm, and IF input power is+1dBm, conversion loss 9dB, then mixer output fTSignal power
For -8dBm, fLSignal power is -27dBm.Therefore mixer output fTSignal is to fLThe rejection ratio of signal is 19dB.
The wave filter of frequency synthesizer and transmitter unit is connected to fLSuppression >=40dB of signal
Thus can be calculated, transmission signal is to fLThe suppression design load of signal is 19dB+40dB=59dB.
3rd, receiving unit designs
Design principle block diagram as shown in fig. 6,
(1) gain design situation
Gain calculates chained list, and (because device, structure are consistent used in the tunnel of S, DY, DZ tri-, gain is calculated only to it as shown in table 1
In calculated all the way).
The receiving unit gain of table 1 calculates chained list
It is -10dB that the gain of receiving unit single channel calculates representative value normal temperature according to gain chained list, and gain index requirement is complete
(- 10 ± 2) dB under temperature.Warm amplitude fluctuation depends primarily on amplifier, frequency mixer to channel gain entirely.In complete warm scope, according to
Device data and module measured value can obtain, and frequency mixer U1 losses are reduced by about 0.3dB in low-temperature working, increase in hot operation
About 0.5dB；Amplifier V2 gains increase about 0.5dB in low-temperature working, are reduced by about 0.5dB in hot operation；Frequency mixer U2
Loss is reduced by about 0.5dB in low-temperature working, increases about 0.5dB in hot operation；The Preliminary design value of receiving unit gain
For (- 8.7~-11.5) dB, in order to ensure that receiving unit gain has bigger design margin under full temperature, we add one-level
3dB temperature compensations attenuator carries out temperature-compensating.Carry out temperature-compensating after receive module gain full temperature design load for (- 10~-
10.6)dB。
(2) noise coefficient design conditions
System cascade noise figure meter calculates formula and is：
Amplifier V2 noise coefficients normal temperature selected by receiving unit is 1.6dB, high temperature 2.1dB.Carried out according to this formula
Calculate, noise coefficient when product normal temperature works is：12.78dB, noise coefficient during hot operation are：13.75dB. meet≤
15dB noise coefficient requirement.
(3) P is inputted-1Design conditions
It can be seen from gain calculates chained list, P is inputted with receiving unit-1Associated apparatus has frequency mixer U1, amplifier V2, mixing
Device U2, is calculated according to forward gain chain, and three kinds of devices are changed to input P-1Value is as shown in table 2.
Table 2P-1Calculated case
| Device name | Frequency mixer | Amplifier | Frequency mixer |
| Device number | U1 | V2 | U2 |
| Prime overall gain (dB) | -2 | -11 | -4 |
| Device inputs P-1(dBm) | 15 | 1.5 | 1 |
| P is inputted after conversion-1(dBm) | 17 | 12.5 | 5 |
Gained is calculated according to table 2, product finally enters P-1It is worth for 5dBm, satisfaction >=-10dBm requirement
(4) image frequency suppresses design conditions
The image frequency of receiving unit first time frequency conversion suppresses realization, frequency mixer U1 in the form of image-reject mixer
Image frequency suppress to be more than 25dB in working frequency, >=18dB index request can be met.
The image frequency of second of frequency conversion of receiving unit suppresses using realization before frequency mixer plus in the form of bandpass filter,
Wave filter Z2 is >=45dB to the degree of suppression of image frequency, can meet >=18dB index request.
(5) PIN switch isolations degree, three tunnels isolation inconsistency design conditions
PIN switch isolations switch S1 by PIN and realized, switch isolation >=35dB in operating frequency range can be with
Meet PIN switch isolations >=30dB index request.
Switch isolation degree discreteness with batch of devices is about ± 1dB, can meet≤4dB index request.Technology refers to
Also require that PIN switch isolation Du He road S lockings amount is maximum in mark, the switch has reserved debug point in structure design, can pass through
Debugging ensures maximum with road locking amount.
(6) three tunnel amplitude inconsistency design conditions
9 components are used in product receiving unit link altogether, institute using component is with a collection of by triple channel
Secondary same model device, difference is smaller between device, and according to knowhow early stage, the tunnel amplitude inconsistency of product three can meet
≤ 2dB index request.In order to ensure the index meets the requirements, in design, the tunnel of receiving unit three is designed with amplitude debug point,
Ensure there is discrete type using device when still can by debugging meet index.
(7) phase varies with temperature inconsistency design conditions
Product receiving unit triple channel uses identical circuit and layout, reduces the inconsistent mistake of phase that parasitic parameter introduces
Difference, ensure the linear surplus of circuit, it is ensured that the phase equalization of triple channel.Triple channel uses component as same batch of devices,
Absolute phase variation tendency under high/low temperature is consistent between ensureing product triple channel, it is ensured that inter-channel phase varies with temperature inconsistent
Sexual satisfaction index request.
(8) design conditions are isolated between triple channel
Channel spacing is influenceed from the factor for mainly there are three aspects such as circuit isolation, space isolation and isolated from power.
It in terms of circuit isolation, can be circulated, be designed between the local oscillator by two frequency mixers between receiving unit triple channel
Middle two-way separation number calculates as shown in table 3.
The isolation calculated case of table 3
It can be obtained according to result of calculation, separation number design minimum value is about between receiving unit triple channel in terms of circuit isolation
58dB。
In terms of the isolation of space, receiving unit uses cavity isolation design in structure, and three path pouch are individually formed screen
Chamber is covered, avoids the space crosstalk of interchannel.According to conventional design experiences, the design interchannel separation number is up to 60dB.
In terms of isolated from power, adjacency channel, receiving unit Power Management Design are leaked into by power circuit in order to reduce signal
In add filter network, the high-frequency signal on power supply is isolated.It is logical to receiving according to the visible filter network of simulation result
Road signal degree of suppression is more than 70dB on working frequency range.
4th, transmitter unit designs
Design principle block diagram is as shown in Figure 7.
(1)fTPower output design conditions
fTPower output design calculates as shown in table 4.
Table 4fTPower output calculates chained list
Transmitter unit fTPower output can be calculated according to gain chained list, and complete warm power output is+28dBm, can be met
>=+27dBm index request.
(2) design conditions are compared in TB2 shut-offs
TB2 switch OFFs realize that the model switch single-stage switch isolation degree is reachable than mainly by the switch S2 of two-stage cascade
40dB, after two-stage switch cascade, according to application experience early stage, the provided small-signal of switch is isolated more than 60dB.And according to fT
Power output calculates chained list and understood, it is (low that the output link intermediate power amplifier V4 after TB2 switches has 2dB (normal temperature), 3dB
Temperature), 1dB (high temperature) gain compression.Therefore the design load of TB2 shut-off ratios is 58dB (normal temperature), 57dB (low temperature), 59dB (height
Temperature), >=40dB index request can be met.
(3) design conditions are compared in TB3 shut-offs
TB3 is power amplifier V4 modulation switch.During switch conduction, power amplifier V4 is in running order, and switch closes
When disconnected, power amplifier V4 is in off-position.Also, without in the presence of increasing after the power amplifier V4 of TB3 switch lock controls
The device of benefit compression.So output power value and off-position of the product TB3 shut-off than directly depending on power amplifier V4
The difference of signals leakiness value.To chip module progress actual test, the signal of the model chip output power value and off-position is let out
The difference of leakage value about 50dB in complete warm scope.It can be obtained according to measured value, TB3 shut-offs are 50dB than design load, can meet >=
40dB index request.
(4) pumping signal fTTo fLSuppression design conditions
Pumping signal fTTo fLSuppress mainly realized by the local oscillator isolation of the frequency mixer of upconverting unit and wave filter.
According to upconverting unit 5.2.3 design results, pumping signal f when entering transmitter unitTTo fLBe suppressed to
59dB.Transmitter module fTThe shared highest 8dB of link gain compression, therefore pumping signal fTTo fLSuppression design load be 51dB, can
With satisfaction >=40dB index request.
(5)fTSPower output design conditions
fTSPower output design calculates as shown in table 5.
Table 5fTSPower output calculates chained list
Transmitter unit fTPower output can be calculated according to gain chained list, and complete warm power output is (2~3) dBm, it is ensured that fT
Power output meets (0~5) dBm index request.
(6) pumping signal fTSTo fLSuppression design conditions
Pumping signal fTSTo fLSuppression and fTTo fLSuppression realization principle it is similar, be mainly mixed by upconverting unit
The local oscillator isolation of device and wave filter are realized.According to upconverting unit 5.2.3 design results, pumping signal is when entering transmitter unit
fTSTo fLBe suppressed to 59dB, transmitter module fTSThe shared highest 5dB of link gain compression, therefore pumping signal fTTo fLSuppression
Design load is 54dB, can meet >=40dB index request.
(7)faPower output design conditions
faPower output design calculates as shown in table 6.
Table 6faPower output calculates chained list
Transmitter unit faPower output can be calculated according to gain chained list, complete warm continuous wave output power for (+23.5~+
24.5)dBm。
(8)faPort pumping signal fTLeaky design situation
faPort pumping signal fTLeakage mainly by 3 grades cascade switch S1 realize, the model switch single-stage switch isolation
Degree is up to 40dB, and after 3 grades of switch cascades, according to application experience early stage, the provided small-signal of switch is isolated more than 80dB.And root
According to fTPower output calculate chained list understand, S1 switch after output link intermediate power amplifier V4 exist 5.5dB (normal temperature),
5dB (low temperature), 4.5dB (high temperature) gain compression, and faPower output is (+23.5~+24.5) dBm.faPort pumping signal
fTLeakage design load be -56dBm (normal temperature), -55dBm (low temperature), -57dBm (high temperature) ,≤- 45dBm finger can be met
Mark requires.
6th, control signal designs
According to the requirement of total technical index and design distribution, the leading indicator distribution such as table 7 of transmitter unit：
The requirement of the transmitter unit leading indicator of table 7
| Sequence number | Parameter name | It is required that | Remarks |
| 1 | TP switch OFFs/recovery delay | 35±15ns | |
| 2 | TL switch OFFs/recovery delay | 35±15ns | |
| 3 | TB switch OFFs/recovery delay | 35±15ns | |
| 4 | Edge before and after TB pulses | ≤20ns | |
| 5 | TB2 switch OFFs/recovery delay | 35±15ns | |
| 6 | Edge before and after TB2 pulses | ≤20ns | |
| 7 | TB3 switch OFFs/recovery delay | 100±15ns | |
| 8 | Edge before and after TB3 pulses | ≤20ns |
(1) TB, TB2, TP, TL delay and front and rear edge design
Pulses generation network uses the PIN drivers of high speed, the TTL pulse of outside input is carried out into shaping, to respectively opening
Put horizontal pulse control into, the driver delay time, front and rear edge are respectively less than 8ns.Product each unit selected modulation switches prolong
Shi Junwei 20ns, front and rear edge are 5ns, according to the application result of calculations incorporated type driver early stage and switch, it can be ensured that open
The control delay of pass is less than 30ns, at a temperature of variable quantity be less than ± 5ns, edge is less than 13ns before and after switch.
(2) TB3 delays and front and rear edge design
In order to ensure that transmission signal has good rising edge and trailing edge, a kind of high speed MOSFET conducts are used in design
Amplifier power supply modulator, the modulator time delay are less than 30ns, and front and rear edge is less than 10ns.
The anti-phase drive circuit delay of power amplifier pulse is less than 60ns.According to calculations incorporated type driver early stage and switch
Using result, it can be ensured that the control of switch delay is less than 80ns, at a temperature of variable quantity be less than ± 5ns, edge is less than before and after switch
15ns。
8th, Power Management Design
The integrated drive generator power supply of active microwave source has+10V ,+8V and -8V power supplys, in order to reduce the phase of external power source and combination
Mutually interference, is filtered, voltage stabilizing supply each unit use in design to external power source, and specific power distribution situation is as shown in table 8.
The active microwave source integrated drive generator distribution condition of table 8
Claims (8)
1. a kind of active microwave source combination, including frequency synthesizer, receiving unit, upconverting unit, transmitter unit, power supply and control
Unit, it is characterised in that
The frequency synthesizer produces crystal oscillator reference signal, crystal oscillator benchmark coupled signal, local oscillation signal and the output letter that complete machine needs
Number, a local oscillation signal and two local oscillation signals that upconverting unit and receiving unit need are produced, wherein two local oscillation signals are frequency hopping
Signal；
Upconverting unit complete input intermediate frequency up-conversion twice, and in the presence of presetting pulse to first time up-conversion after
Signal carries out premodulated；
Upconverting unit output signal is amplified coupling Gong Fen tetra- tunnels by transmitter unit, all the way by input square-wave signal switch
Self-correcting signal is exported in the presence of modulation and automatically controlled decay, exports rectified signal by detection all the way, all the way coupling output transmitting
Coupled signal is encouraged, all the way the output drive signal after switch modulation and amplifier power supply modulation；
Receiving unit completes antenna reception signal down coversion twice, and in the effect of PIN switches, THL switch, local oscillator block switch
The lower protection and shut-off for completing receiving channel.
Power supply and control unit complete complete machine and provide the secondary pressure of power supply, each way switch drive control and transmitting amplifying circuit
Sequence of power switching controls.
2. combination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency synthesizer includes crystal oscillator, power-devided circuit, a local oscillator
Generation circuit, two local oscillator generation circuits, frequency multiplier；
Signal work(caused by crystal oscillator is divided into 6 tunnels by the power-devided circuit, wherein 3 tunnels are respectively as crystal oscillator reference signal, crystal oscillator base
Quasi- coupled signal, local oscillation signal,
4th tunnel is used as output signal after the frequency multiplication of frequency multiplier 10,
The local oscillator generation circuit of 5th tunnel one generates a local oscillation signal and transmitted to upconverting unit and receiving unit,
The local oscillator generation circuit of 6th tunnel two generates two local oscillation signals and transmitted to upconverting unit and receiving unit.
3. combination according to claim 2, it is characterised in that two local oscillator generation circuits use lower change in the frequency synthesizer
The mode of frequency lock phase is realized, specifically includes following component：
Crystal oscillation signal work(is divided into two-way by the first power splitter,
Wherein the first power splitter first via output signal is transmitted from phase discriminator first input end,
First the second tunnel of power splitter output signal passing point frequency source successively, input mixer second inputs after attenuator, amplifier
End,
Second mixer input access signal is obtained by phase detector output signal, and phase discriminator the second input input signal is mixed
Signal after being mixed at frequency device, it is specially：After the low-pass filtered device of phase detector output signal, voltage controlled oscillator with a two divided-frequency
Device couples, first input signal of the two-divider output signal as frequency mixer, the low-pass filtered device of output signal of frequency mixer
With the second input signal after amplifier as phase discriminator,
The output signal of voltage controlled oscillator is divided into two-way after a bandpass filter by the second power splitter, per all the way through attenuator and
Exported after amplifier as two local oscillation signals；
The phase discriminator receives the control of outside frequency modulation control code and frequency modulation synchronizing signal by PLD.
4. combination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the letter in the upconverting unit after up-conversion twice
Number by being exported after a cavity body filter.
5. combination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that preregulator switch is set in the upconverting unit to the
Signal after up-conversion carries out premodulated.
6. combination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the receiving unit includes 3 receiving channels, each reception
Passage include be sequentially connected preceding isolator, PIN switches, preceding frequency mixer, 90 ° of electric bridges, preceding intermediate frequency amplifier, temperature compensation decay
Device, THL switches, rear isolator, rear frequency mixer；
Frequency mixer before one local oscillation signal inputs through local oscillator block switch,
The preceding isolator input antenna reception signal,
First time down-converted is carried out to signal at preceding frequency mixer,
Second of down-converted is carried out to signal at frequency mixer afterwards.
7. combination according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The tunnel of receiving unit three is designed with amplitude debug point, there is discrete type using device when debugged；
Cavity isolation design is used in receiving unit structure, three path pouch are individually formed shielding cavity；
Filter network is added in receiving unit Power Management Design, the high-frequency signal on power supply is isolated.
8. combination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmitter unit couples power-devided circuit by upper change by one
Frequency element output signal is divided into two-way,
First via signal after coupling is successively by input square-wave signal switch modulation, automatically controlled decay, power amplifier and isolation
Self-correcting signal is exported after device,
Second road signal after coupling is divided into two-way through a power splitter work(, and wherein first via signal is through switch modulation and power amplification
Output drive signal after device and isolator, the final stage power splitter of the second tunnel one are divided into two-way,
The first via signal of final stage power splitter work(point exports rectified signal by wave detector,
The second road signal of final stage power amplifier device work(point output drive coupled signal after isolator.
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| CN108712167A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-10-26 | 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 | A kind of mark frequency distribution module with adaptive frequency-selecting characteristic |
| CN110031485A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 东北林业大学 | Trunk borer burrow detection device and its detection method inside a kind of trunk |
| CN110391811A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-29 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of star frequency source component |
| CN113162575A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Multi-port excitation source suitable for kilowatt-level high-power solid microwave source |
| CN113873702A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Control method and microwave cooking equipment |
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| CN115189782B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2024-01-26 | 成都华芯天微科技有限公司 | Plane near field test equipment |
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