CN107879568A - 一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于废水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,包括废水预处理、生化处理、污泥处理三大步骤。本发明采用微电解反应‑石灰乳中和‑隔油沉淀作为废水的预处理工艺,可达到降解高分子有机物、脱色、中和、破乳去除悬浮物的目的,为后续的生化处理提供了有利条件,本发明生化处理工艺首先采用耗能低、启动快的厌氧复合床反应工艺去除大部分有机污染物,后续与低浓度废水采用循环式活性污泥工艺为核心的好氧工艺,节能高效,提高了废水处理效能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于废水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺。
背景技术
近年来,随着制药行业的快速发展,制药废水的产生量很大,制药工业废水的年排放量达到0.25Gt,但年平均处理率还不到30%,制药工业相对于其它产业,具有原料成分复杂、生产过程多样、产品种类繁多等特点,制药过程中产生的废水污染物含量高、可生化降解性差、水质水量变化大,是较难处理的工业废水之一。
对于生物制药生产废水水质而言,废水呈酸性,且有机污染物浓度较高,存在一定量的难生物降解物质,含有一定量的色度,该水量虽小,但间接排放冲击符合较高,给生物处理带来一定的难度,另外还含有一定量的低浓度废水。
发明内容
针对生物制药生产废水水量、水质的特点,本领域技术人员极力开发一套高效、低耗的组合处理工艺。
一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,按照以下步骤进行:
(1)废水预处理
A.微电解处理:生产过程中的高浓度废水汇入集水池,由泵送至微电解反应器,进行铁碳微电解,同时通入空气辅助氧化,废水停留的时间为2h,反应后出水进入中和沉淀池;
B.中和沉淀处理:进水加入石灰乳,调节废水pH值至碱性,同时加入絮凝剂PAM,采用隔板反应,反应20分钟,经中和、沉淀后的废水流入选择反应池;
C.选择处理:反应池内填悬浮生物填料,废水与回流污泥混合,污泥选择性吸附和降解水中难降解有机物,废水停留时间为6小时;
(2)生化处理
A.厌氧处理:废水经泵提升,从厌氧器底部布水***出水,均匀上升与高浓度悬浮污泥充分接触,使微生物进行无氧呼吸,上部的滤料层加速汽水分离,使废水生物量增加,废水停留时间为48小时;
B.脱气沉淀处理:废水脱气沉淀时间5小时,吹脱厌氧出水带出的有害气体,沉淀去除厌氧出水夹带的部分厌氧污泥,沉淀收集的污泥回流至选择反应池,脱气沉淀后的废水流入混合调节池;
C.混合调节处理:低浓度废水汇入混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水混合,池内设附着有生物膜的悬浮性填料,水解部分难降解的大分子有机物,同时定期曝气,提高废水B/C值,增强可生化性,废水停留时间为12小时;
D.好氧处理:混合调节后废水由泵提升进入CASS反应池,进行微孔曝气好氧处理,曝气采用非限性曝气方式,进水4小时,进水2小时开始曝气,曝气时间12小时,沉淀2小时,排水2小时,闲置4小时;
(3)污泥处理
中和沉淀池、CASS反应池产生的污泥流入污泥池,再由污泥泵打入污泥浓缩罐,污泥经浓缩后压入板框压滤机压滤脱水,产生的干泥饼外运处理;浓缩罐的上清液和压滤产生的清液回流至混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水、低浓度废水均质混合后,再进行好氧处理。
进一步的,所述的微电解反应器内设置有穿孔PVC支撑,填装有铁碳填料,铁碳体积比为1:1。
进一步的,所述中和沉淀池为隔板反应池,池内设有聚丙烯斜管,安装倾角为60。。
进一步的,所述UBF厌氧反应器底部设有布水***,下部为高度浓污泥组成的污泥床,上部为填料及附着的生物膜组成的滤料层,反应器内设置有新型沉淀装置,污泥沉淀、回流、气液分离在同一设备中完成。
进一步的,所述CASS反应池中设置有微孔曝气软管和鼓风机。
本发明的有益效果:
对生产废水实行清污分流,将高浓度废水经合并预处理后再与低浓度的废水混合处理,具有高效、低耗的特点;废水预处理采用“微电解反应-石灰乳中和-隔油沉淀”工艺,可以达到降解高分子有机物、驼色、中和、破乳去除悬浮物的目的,经预处理的生产废水,B/C基本符合生化进水条件;生化处理工艺首先采用耗能低,启动快的厌氧复合床反应工艺去除大部分有机污染物,后续与低浓度废水混合采用以CASS工艺(循环式活性污泥工艺)为核心的好氧工艺,可有效的去除溶解性有机污染物质,使废水达标排放。
附图说明
图1为制药废水的微电解处理工艺的流程图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,按以下步骤进行:
(1)废水预处理
A.微电解处理:生产过程中的高浓度废水汇入集水池,由泵送至微电解反应器,进行铁碳微电解,微电解反应器内填装有铁碳填料,铁碳体积比为1:1,穿孔PVC支撑,同时通入空气辅助氧化,废水停留的时间为2h,反应后出水进入中和沉淀池;
B.中和沉淀处理:进水加入石灰乳,调节废水pH值至碱性,同时加入絮凝剂PAM,采用隔板反应,反应20分钟,经中和、沉淀后的废水流入选择反应池;
C.选择处理:反应池内填悬浮生物填料,废水与回流污泥混合,污泥选择性吸附和降解水中难降解有机物,废水停留时间为6小时;
(2)生化处理
A.厌氧处理:废水经泵提升,从厌氧器底部布水***出水,均匀上升与高浓度悬浮污泥充分接触,使微生物进行无氧呼吸,上部的滤料层加速汽水分离,使废水生物量增加,废水停留时间为48小时;
B.脱气沉淀处理:废水脱气沉淀时间5小时,吹脱厌氧出水带出的有害气体,沉淀去除厌氧出水夹带的部分厌氧污泥,沉淀收集的污泥回流至选择反应池,以保证厌氧反应器运行的可靠性,脱气沉淀后的废水流入混合调节池;
C.混合调节处理:低浓度废水汇入混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水混合,池内设附着有生物膜的悬浮性填料,水解部分难降解的大分子有机物,同时定期曝气,提高废水B/C值,增强可生化性,废水停留时间为12小时;
D.好氧处理:混合调节后废水由泵提升进入CASS反应池,池内设置有鼓风机供气,布气装置为微孔曝气软管,进行微孔曝气好氧处理,曝气采用非限性曝气方式,流程由进水、反应、沉淀、滗水、闲置等基本过程组成,各阶段形成一个循环。具体流程为:进水4小时,进水2小时开始曝气,曝气时间12小时,沉淀2小时,排水2小时,闲置4小时;
(3)污泥处理工艺
中和沉淀池、CASS反应池产生的污泥流入污泥池,再由污泥泵打入污泥浓缩罐,污泥经浓缩后压入板框压滤机压滤脱水,产生的干泥饼外运处理;浓缩罐的上清液和压滤产生的清液回流至混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水、低浓度废水均质混合后,再进行好氧处理。
Claims (5)
1.一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,其特征在于,按照以下步骤进行:
(1)废水预处理
A.微电解处理:生产过程中的高浓度废水汇入集水池,由泵送至微电解反应器,进行铁碳微电解,同时通入空气辅助氧化,废水停留的时间为2h,出水流入中和沉淀池;
B.中和沉淀处理:往进水中加入石灰乳,调节废水pH值至碱性,同时加入絮凝剂PAM,采用隔板反应,反应20分钟,经中和、沉淀后的废水流入选择反应池;
C.选择处理:反应池内填悬浮生物填料,废水与回流污泥混合,污泥选择性吸附和降解水中难降解有机物,废水停留时间为6小时;
(2)生化处理
A.厌氧处理:废水经泵提升,从厌氧器底部布水***出水,均匀上升与高浓度悬浮污泥充分接触,使微生物进行无氧呼吸,上部的滤料层加速汽水分离,使废水生物量增加,废水停留时间为48小时;
B.脱气沉淀处理:废水脱气沉淀时间5小时,吹脱厌氧出水带出的有害气体,沉淀去除厌氧出水夹带的部分厌氧污泥,沉淀收集的污泥回流至选择反应池,脱气沉淀后的废水流入混合调节池;
C.混合调节处理:低浓度废水汇入混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水混合,池内设附着有生物膜的悬浮性填料,水解部分难降解的大分子有机物,同时定期曝气,提高废水B/C值,增强可生化性,废水停留时间为12小时;
D.好氧处理:混合调节后废水由泵提升进入CASS反应池,进行微孔曝气好氧处理,曝气采用非限性曝气方式,进水4小时,进水2小时开始曝气,曝气时间12小时,沉淀2小时,排水2小时,闲置4小时;
(3)污泥处理
中和沉淀池、CASS反应池产生的污泥流入污泥池,再由污泥泵打入污泥浓缩罐,污泥经浓缩后压入板框压滤机压滤脱水,产生的干泥饼外运处理;浓缩罐的上清液和压滤产生的清液回流至混合调节池,与脱气沉淀后的废水、低浓度废水均质混合后,再进行好氧处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,其特征在于:所述的微电解反应器内设置有穿孔PVC支撑,填装有铁碳填料,铁碳体积比为1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,其特征在于: 所述中和沉淀池为隔板反应池,池内设有聚丙烯斜管,安装倾角为60°。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,其特征在于:所述UBF厌氧反应器底部设有布水***,下部为高度浓污泥组成的污泥床,上部为填料及附着的生物膜组成的滤料层,反应器内设置有新型沉淀装置,污泥沉淀、回流、气液分离在同一设备中完成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种制药废水的微电解处理工艺,其特征在于:所述CASS反应池中设置有微孔曝气软管和鼓风机。
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