CN107866511A - A kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material - Google Patents
A kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107866511A CN107866511A CN201711097895.5A CN201711097895A CN107866511A CN 107866511 A CN107866511 A CN 107866511A CN 201711097895 A CN201711097895 A CN 201711097895A CN 107866511 A CN107866511 A CN 107866511A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprise the following steps：Step 1, there is provided the forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material；Step 2, heating blank carry out Homogenization Treatments to 0.8~0.99Tm, and by being incubated；Step 3, mould is at least heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, while ensures that the mold temperature in forging process is also maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm；Step 4, by the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；Step 5, the blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.The present invention improves the mouldability of material using adjustment effect of the micro liquid phase during materials hot deformation, the problem of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material deformation is difficult is overcome, realizes complex-shaped, the uniform carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material forging of microstructure preparation processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forging method of composite, especially a kind of forging of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material
Forming method.
Background technology
Lightweight is the important goal of rail traffic vehicles design, and the direction of its future development.Aluminium alloy is light with its
Matter, high-strength, anti-corrosion, inexpensive and good processing characteristics etc., turn into high-speed train body and the maximum metal material of built-in dosage
Material.However, the intensity and modulus of active service aluminium alloy can not meet that bullet train further mitigates car body weight, improves speed
Requirement.CNT (CNT) is introduced in aluminium alloy, prepares carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, not only can be notable
Its intensity, modulus (rigidity) are improved, can also keep its low density and good plastic deformation working ability, is that track traffic is light
Quantitative design provides new material.
The intensity of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is high, but for the tissue change and control ratio tradition of composite
Aluminium alloy is more complicated, carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material forge process in, easily occur macroscopic view cracking and it is micro-
The problems such as seeing interfacial detachment, causes forging product mechanical property low.Isothermal forging is having for aluminum matrix composite forging processing
Technological approaches is imitated, but the forging temperature selected at present in forging process is generally significantly below Tm (the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy
Degree), forged for solid phase, carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material also has high resistance of deformation at such a temperature, and plasticity is very low,
So carrying out forging processing at such a temperature is still easy to the defects of macroscopic view, microfissure occur.
Given this present invention is proposed.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material
Method for forging and molding.
In order to realize the purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Scheme one
A kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 3, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 4, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
Scheme two
A kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 3, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 4, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
Scheme three
A kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 3, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 4, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 3 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, heating the soaking time after blank to 0.8~0.99Tm is
T1, and t1 meets：d/120+2≤t1≤d/120+24；
Soaking time after heating blank to 1.02~1.25Tm is t2, and t2 meets：d/120+1≤t2≤d/120+
12；
In above formula, d is the characteristic size of blank, and d unit is mm, and t1, t2 unit are h.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, in step 1, in addition to, car goes to forging blank surface
Oxide skin and crack defect, and pore-free defect inside blank is determined by ultrasonic examination.
Further, it is described during heating blank to 0.8~0.99Tm in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three
Blank rises to 0.8~0.99Tm with 3~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition；During heating blank to 1.02~1.25Tm, institute
State blank and 1.02~1.25Tm is risen to 3~10 DEG C/min rate of heat addition.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, in the step of heating mould, in addition to by press
Upper and lower anvil is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, while ensures that its temperature in forging process is also maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, selected press, its tonnage T meets following equation：
T≥2×10-4×Rp0.2×S
In above formula, Rp0.2The yield strength of material is represented, unit MPa, S represent the feature area of material, and unit is
mm2, T unit is ton.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, the forging molding in the step 5 can be open die forging
Any one in technique, or be any one in contour forging technique.
Further, in scheme one or scheme two or scheme three, during Homogenization Treatments, by blank heating to 0.85
~0.9Tm；
In mould heating process, mould is heated to 1.05~1.25Tm；
Before forging in heating process, by blank heating to 1.05~1.25Tm.
After technical solutions according to the invention, following beneficial effect is brought：
The deficiency for existing carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material method for forging and molding of the present invention, utilization are micro
Adjustment effect of the liquid phase during materials hot deformation improves the mouldability of material, while significantly reduces resistance of deformation, overcomes
The problem of material deformation is difficult, realizes complex-shaped, the uniform carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material forging of microstructure
Preparation processing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2：The flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3：The flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
Shown in Fig. 1, a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Preferably, in described carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material the mass percent of CNT for 0.05%~
8%, material density is more than 99.5%.
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated, to change
Kind blank microstructure, improve the ability of plastic deformation；Preferably, blank heating temperature is 0.85~0.9Tm；
Step 3, mould heating：Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, while ensures the mold temperature in forging process
Also it is maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm；Preferably, mould heating-up temperature is 1.05~1.25Tm；
Step 4, heated before forging：By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make material
It is middle appropriate liquid phase occur；Preferably, the heating-up temperature of blank is 1.05~1.25Tm in the step；
Step 5, forging molding：Blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to be forged on high temperature forging machine
Shaping；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
The blank utilized in above-mentioned steps is large scale carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material ingot blank, its preparation process
For：Respectively using powder such as Cu, Mg as raw material, thickness 500nm alloying element nanometer sheet is prepared by high-energy ball milling, by preferable
Nanocomposite constituents design, and CNT/Al composite powders and alloying element nanometer sheet are uniformly mixed in the mixed powder machine of three-dimensional, acquisition
Mixed-powder；Mixed-powder is molded under 400MPa pressure using 315 tons of machine for compacting formation of metallic powder again and prepares CNT/Al
Mixed-powder pressed compact, pressed compact in vacuum sintering furnace 400 DEG C insulation degasification after, through 570 DEG C of high temperature sinterings, elements diffusion and alloy
Change reaction and prepare large scale carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material ingot blank.
Specifically, the soaking time in the step 2 is t1, and t1 meets：d/120+2≤t1≤d/120+24；It is described
Soaking time in step 4 is t2, and t2 meets：d/120+1≤t2≤d/120+12；Preferably, t1=d/120+6；T2=
d/120+1。
In above formula, d is the characteristic size (diameter of such as cylinder, the length of cuboid etc.) of blank, and d unit is
Mm, t1, t2 unit are h.
Preferably, in step 1, in addition to, car goes the oxide skin and crack defect on forging blank surface, and passes through
Ultrasonic examination determines pore-free defect inside blank, through determining that flawless blank carries out step 2.
Blank in the step 2 rises to 0.8~0.99Tm with 3~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition；It is preferred that the rate of heat addition
For 10 DEG C/min；Blank in the step 4 rises to 1.02~1.25Tm with 3~10 DEG C/min rate of heat addition；It is preferred that heat
Speed is 5 DEG C/min.
Preferably, in the step 3, in addition to the upper and lower anvil of press is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, ensured simultaneously
Its temperature in forging process is also maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm.The upper and lower anvil of the mould and press is added with 10 DEG C/min's
Thermal velocity is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm.
The press selected in step 3, its tonnage T meet following equation：
T≥2×10-4×Rp0.2×S
In above formula, Rp0.2The yield strength of material is represented, unit MPa, S represent the feature area of material, and unit is
mm2, T unit is ton.
In step 5, last layer graphite is uniformly coated on the blank and mould after insulation, is then forged rapidly
Make, obtain required forging.
Forging molding in the step 5 can be any one in free forging process, specifically include upset, pulling,
Punching, reaming, fullering with the core bar, bending etc., or be any one in contour forging technique, specifically include closed die forging and open die
Forging.
Matrix in described carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is the system of aluminium alloy 2,3 systems, 4 systems, 5 systems, 6 systems, 7 systems
Any of.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one are：The heating of the mould can add prior to blank
Heat, comprise the following steps that：
Step 1, blank prepare：The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, mould heating：Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, while ensures the mold temperature in forging process
Also it is maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm；
Step 3, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 4, heated before forging：By the blank heating in step 3 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make material
It is middle appropriate liquid phase occur；
Step 5, forging molding：Blank after step 4 kind is incubated is quickly transferred to be forged on high temperature forging machine
Shaping；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
Other concrete operations of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment one, be not described in detail herein.
Embodiment three
As described in Figure 3, the present embodiment is that the order of step is different from the difference of embodiment one or embodiment two, this implementation
The step of example, is as follows：
Step 1, blank prepare：The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 3, heated before forging：By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make material
It is middle appropriate liquid phase occur；
Step 4, mould heating：Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, while ensures the mold temperature in forging process
Also it is maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm；
Step 5, forging molding：Blank after being incubated in step 3 is quickly transferred to be forged on high temperature forging machine
Shaping；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
Wherein, a kind of optimal embodiment is, in blank heating to 1.02~1.25Tm, and after isothermal holding, mould
Tool is also heated to 1.02~1.25Tm just.
Described above is embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill in the art, not
Under the premise of departing from the principle of the invention, various deformation and improvement can also be made, this should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 3, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 4, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
2. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 3, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 4, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 4 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
3. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, blank prepare：
The forging blank of malleable carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is provided；
Step 2, Homogenization Treatments：
Blank is heated to 0.8~0.99Tm, and Homogenization Treatments are carried out by being incubated；
Step 3, heated before forging：
By the blank heating in step 2 to 1.02~1.25Tm, and isothermal holding, make occur appropriate liquid phase in material；
Step 4, mould heating：
Mould is heated to 1.02~1.25Tm, at the same ensure the mold temperature in forging process be also maintained at 1.02~
1.25Tm；
Step 5, forging molding：
Blank after being incubated in step 3 is quickly transferred to carry out forging molding on high temperature forging machine；
The Tm is the solidus temperature of aluminum matrix alloy.
4. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：
Soaking time after heating blank to 0.8~0.99Tm is t1, and t1 meets：d/120+2≤t1≤d/120+24；
Soaking time after heating blank to 1.02~1.25Tm is t2, and t2 meets：d/120+1≤t2≤d/120+12；
In above formula, d is the characteristic size of blank, and d unit is mm, and t1, t2 unit are h.
5. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：In step 1, in addition to, car goes the oxide skin and crack defect on forging blank surface, and passes through ultrasound
Wave inspection determines pore-free defect inside blank.
6. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：During heating blank to 0.8~0.99Tm, the blank is risen to 3~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition
0.8~0.99Tm；During heating blank to 1.02~1.25Tm, the blank is with 3~10 DEG C/min rate of heat addition liter
To 1.02~1.25Tm.
7. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：1.02~1.25Tm is heated in the step of heating mould, in addition to by the upper and lower anvil of press, is protected simultaneously
Its temperature in card forging process is also maintained at 1.02~1.25Tm.
8. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 7, its feature exist
In：Selected press, its tonnage T meet following equation：
T≥2×10-4×Rp0.2×S
In above formula, Rp0.2The yield strength of material is represented, unit MPa, S represent the feature area of material, unit mm2, T's
Unit is ton.
9. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：Forging molding in the step 5 can be any one in free forging process, or be contour forging technique
In any one.
10. a kind of method for forging and molding of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim any one of 1-3,
It is characterized in that：
During Homogenization Treatments, by blank heating to 0.85~0.9Tm；
In mould heating process, mould is heated to 1.05~1.25Tm；
Before forging in heating process, by blank heating to 1.05~1.25Tm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108405788A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-17 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of forging method of TiB/7050 aluminum matrix composites forging |
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| CN105956367A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 南昌大学 | Establishment method for semisolid die forging forming constitutive model of nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
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| CN102925736A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-13 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of carbon nanotube reinforced metal based composite material |
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| JP2016209895A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-12-15 | 株式会社戸畑タ−レット工作所 | Constant temperature forged component and manufacturing method for constant temperature forged component |
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Application publication date: 20180403 |