CN107865635A - 一种组合式传感器 - Google Patents

一种组合式传感器 Download PDF

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CN107865635A
CN107865635A CN201610856852.XA CN201610856852A CN107865635A CN 107865635 A CN107865635 A CN 107865635A CN 201610856852 A CN201610856852 A CN 201610856852A CN 107865635 A CN107865635 A CN 107865635A
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杨健
王昕�
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Capital Institute of Pediatrics
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract

一种组合式传感器,所述组合式传感器包括传感器固定板和传感器,所述传感器固定在传感器固定板上的安装孔中,所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为梯形,所述组合式传感器可以实现光电同步脑活动检测的功能,而且组合式传感器的不同的连接方式可组合成不同大小、形状和检测通道数量的组合检测面,可以形成与头颅外形自然贴合的曲面,可以满足对不同部位及大小的头颅的传感器的检测需求。

Description

一种组合式传感器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合式传感器。
背景技术
光电同步脑活动检测仪(Near infrared spectroscopy&Electroencephalography,简称NEG)。功能近红外脑成像(fNIRS)技术是一种非侵入式光学脑功能检测手段,可对大脑皮质相应区域血液中的氧合血红蛋白(HbO2)浓度等指标的变化进行多点测量,进而反映脑皮质功能状态。
临床中,对癫痫灶进行定位,一般首先判断发作症状与脑电图(EEG)的异常放电波形及部位等是否对应,根据国际脑电图学会的建议,头皮脑电图记录常规使用10%-20%***确定电极的安放位置,简称10-20***。首先确定基线:鼻根至枕外粗隆的前后连线为100%,从鼻根向后处为FPz(额极中线),从FPz向后每20%为一个电极位置,依次为Fz(额中线),Cz(中央中线),Pz(顶中线),Oz(枕中线)。
近年来,国内进行多项研究,采用fNIRS(近红外脑功能成像***)与EEG(脑电图)同步检测的方式,验证fNIRS在癫痫灶定位方面能否达到同fMRI(功能性磁共振成像)、PET(正电子发射断层扫描术)、SPECT(单光子发射断层扫描)类似的效果,进而验证光电同步脑活动检测设备的可靠性及应用价值。
青少年及儿童处于颅骨头围增长期,不同年龄段的青少年儿童头围差距很大(出生时33cm-34cm,1岁时46cm,2岁时48cm,5岁时50cm,15岁接近成人54cm-58cm),因而对仪器所用传感器的固定有着特殊的要求。
现有的EEG(脑电图)电极固定方式:采用弹力网套安置电极片,相对不牢固,儿童哭闹拒绝合作可使电极线脱落、干扰脑电信号,应用困难。fNIRS(近红外脑功能成像***)光信号传感器固定方式:采用弹力帽固定电极,弹力帽易对操作者造成影响,导致视野局限,不易于暴露头皮,难以观测头皮与探头接连的情况,并且存在观测干扰、噪声等不利因素。中国专利201420536387.8公布了光电同步脑功能成像仪及其使用的头盔,该专利将EEG(脑电图)电极与fNIRS(近红外脑功能成像***)光信号传感器固定于八角形板上,每片材料外形为正八边形,其上排布有特定分布的通孔,脑电电极、激光光源探头、以及激光接收探头以可拆卸的方式插接于通孔内,最佳设计下,八边形覆盖区域内设计了8个激光光源探头和1个激光接收探头,可形成8个光检测通道;还设计了8个脑电检测电极,与光检测通道位置一一对应,形成8个光电同步检测通道。该专利的技术方案存在自身的局限性,电极数量密集,而且不利于组合使用,也没有彻底解决传感器支架与头皮曲面接合的问题,实用性差。传统的传感器传感器固定板的形状大多为矩形,组合方式少,不能组合得到能够与头部形成自然贴合的曲面,检测效果差。另外,操作人员采用独立设置的光电同步检测传感器检测时,需要分别固定fNIRS光源、fNIRS光信号传感器、EEG电极,检测效率较低。
发明内容
申请人参与国家级重大科学仪器开发专项项目,着力于研究光电同步脑活动检测仪(NEG)在儿童癫痫诊断定位方面的应用研究。为了克服现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明提供一种组合式传感器,申请人发现将所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为梯形时,具有预料不到的技术效果:所述组合式传感器在可以实现光电同步脑活动检测的功能的同时,组合式传感器的不同的连接方式可组合成不同大小、形状和检测通道数量的组合检测面,可以形成与头颅外形自然贴合的曲面,可以满足对不同部位及大小的头颅的检测需求。
发明提供一种组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述组合式传感器包括传感器固定板和传感器,所述传感器固定在传感器固定板上的安装孔中,所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为梯形。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为等腰梯形;可选地,所述等腰梯形的上底宽为40-60mm,可选为45-55mm,可选为48-52mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的下底宽为50-75mm,可选为55-70mm,可选为58-68mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的下底比上底宽10-23mm,可选为10-15mm,可选为10-12mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的高为50-70mm,可选为55-65mm,可选为58-62mm。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板的厚度为2-6mm,可选为3-5mm,可选为3-4mm;所述传感器固定板呈曲面形;可选地,所述传感器固定板的弧面角度为π/12-π/4,可选为π/10-π/5,可选为π/9-π/6π。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板由弹性材料制成;可选地,所述弹性材料包括:天然橡胶、合成橡胶或其他合成高分子材料。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器包括激光光源、激光接受传感器、脑电电极;可选地,所述激光光源为fNIRS光源(S);可选地,所述激光接受传感器为fNIRS光信号传感器(D);可选地,所述脑电电极为EEG电极(E);可选地,所述传感器包括两个fNIRS光源(S)、两个fNIRS光信号传感器(D)、四个EEG电极(E)。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器的探测点的中心呈矩形排列;可选地,以中心为矩形的顶点,所述矩形的边长为22-38mm,可选为25-35mm,可选为28-32mm;可选地,所述矩形为正方形;可选地,所述传感器的探测点的排列方式为:fNIRS(近红外脑功能成像***)光源发射点(S’)位于正方形对角线的两个顶点上,fNIRS光信号传感器探测点(D’)位于正方形另一条对角线的两个顶点上,EEG电极触点(E’)分别位于正方形四条边的中点上。
可选地,上述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板上还设有连接孔(L);可选地,所述连接孔(L)设置在传感器固定板的周围;可选地,所述连接孔(L)为椭圆形或长圆形;可选地,所述连接孔(L)均匀排列于传感器固定板的四周。
本发明还提供一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器,其特征在于,所述检测仪传感器包括至少一个上述的组合式传感器和连接材料;可选地,所述检测仪传感器与固定扎带通过组合式传感器上的连接孔(L)进行连接;可选地,当所述检测仪传感器包括至少两个组合式传感器时,所述组合式传感器之间通过连接材料穿过连接孔(L)进行连接;可选地,所述组合式传感器之间的连接方式包括顶-顶连接、底-底连接、腰-腰同向连接、腰-腰异向连接、错位连接,所述顶为传感器固定板的上底,所述底为传感器固定板的下底,所述腰为传感器固定板的侧边;可选地,所述错位连接包括顶-底连接、顶-腰连接、底-腰连接;可选地,所述连接材料为柔性连接材料。
本发明还提供上述的组合式传感器在脑功能成像中的用途。
本发明还提供上述的检测仪传感器在脑功能成像中的用途。
本发明还提供上述的组合式传感器在制备诊断癫痫灶的仪器中的用途。
本发明还提供上述的检测仪传感器在制备诊断癫痫灶的仪器中的用途。
可选地,上述传感器的导线和光纤集束后与光电同步探测仪主机相连。
上述连接孔用于两只组合传感器连接以及固定扎带的连接。
根据一方面的具体实施方式,本发明的组合式传感器的四个EEG检测点位于四个fNIRS检测通道的正中心,从而可实现光电同步脑活动检测的功能。
根据一方面的具体实施方式,本发明的组合式传感器的传感器固定板边缘设有连接孔,通过柔性连接材料(如魔术胶扎带)可进行方便的连接,通过调整连接材料的长度及弹性可调整两组传感器之间的间距,等腰梯形的组合式传感器通过不同的连接方式可形成不同的立体构造,组合成不同大小、形状和检测通道数量的组合检测面,可与头颅外形曲面自然贴合,可以适应对头颅不同部位的检测;拼接后的组合式传感器可通过可调节固定扎带固定于头颅的特定区域,通过调节固定扎带的长度和角度,可以很方便地调整各种拼接组合的大小,适合对不同头围大小的于青少年儿童的检测。
fNIRS光源发射点和fNIRS光信号传感器的探测点间矩为25-35mm,可满足fNIRS检测的理想要求。
另外,本领域技术人员在操作时,只须在需要进行检测区域布置本发明的组合式传感器,没有检测需求的其它区域可以不予设置,这样头颅的大部分区域可清晰地暴露于操作人员的视野里,便于观测头皮与传感器探头接触情况,并进行必要的调整以减少干扰、噪声等不利的因素对检测的影响。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的组合式传感器的平面示意图,其中,S为fNIRS光源,D为fNIRS光信号传感器,E为EEG电极,L为连接孔,J为传感器固定板。
图2和图3为实施例1的组合式传感器的立体示意图,其中图2为组合式传感器上方角度3D示意图,图3为组合式传感器下方角度3D示意图,其中,图3中S’为fNIRS光源发射点,D’为fNIRS光信号传感器探测点,E’为EEG电极触点。
图4、5、6、7、8分别为实施例2、3、4、5、6的光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器的立体示意图,其中,图4中的Z1和Z2为固定扎带。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于示例性对本发明进行说明,并不用于限制本发明。
实施例1
图1、2、3显示的是一种组合式传感器:包括传感器固定板和传感器,传感器固定在传感器固定板上的安装孔中,传感器固定板由合成橡胶制成,传感器固定板的外缘形状为等腰梯形,上底宽为55mm,下底宽为65mm,高为60mm,厚度为4mm,整体呈曲面形,弧面角度为π/8,所述传感器包括两个fNIRS光源(S)、两个fNIRS光信号传感器(D)、四个EEG电极(E),所述八个传感器的探测点的中心呈正方形排列,以中心为顶点,正方形的边长为30mm,其中,fNIRS光源发射点(S’)位于正方形对角线的两个顶点上,fNIRS光信号传感器探测点(D’)位于正方形另一条对角线的两个顶点上,EEG电极触点(E’)分别位于正方形四条边的中点上,在传感器固定板的四周均匀排列有八个长圆形的连接孔(L)。
上述组合式传感器可通过可调节扎带固定于头颅的特定区域以实现不同的检测要求,两个fNIRS光源的发射光通过加载不同的调制频率予以区分,所述传感器的排列方式使得两个fNIRS光源的发射光与两个fNIRS光信号传感器组合可形成四个fNIRS检测通道,四个EEG电极检测点位于正方形的四条边的中点上,即位于四个fNIRS检测通道的正中心,从而实现光电同步检测的功能,而且,在检测时,操作人员无需分别固定传感器,提高了检测效率。
以下实施例中的连接材料均没有在附图中画出,实施例3-6中的固定扎带没有在附图中画出。
实施例2
图4所示是一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器:由两个实施例1的组合式传感器通过腰-腰同向连接组成,即两个组合式传感器按同一方向摆放,通过腰部的连接孔连接拼接在一起,形成八通道的检测面,可用于顶叶区的检测。
实施例3
图5所示是一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器:由两个实施例1的组合式传感器通过底-底连接组成,即两个组合式传感器按反方向摆放,通过底部的连接孔连接拼接在一起,形成八通道的检测面,可用于枕叶、中央区的检测。
实施例4
图6所示是一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器:由四个实施例1的组合式传感器通过腰-腰连接组成,即四个组合式传感器同方向呈圆弧状摆放,通过腰部的连接孔拼接组合在一起,形成16通道的检测面,可用于顶叶、颞叶区的检测。
实施例5
图7是一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器:由四个实施例1的组合式传感器通过腰-腰-底-底相连组成,即每组有两个组合式传感器,每组的组合式传感器通过腰-腰拼接,然后这两组组合式传感器之间通过两对底边再进行连接,形成16通道的检测曲面,可用于相邻区域的联合检测。
实施例6
图8所示是一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器:由八个实施例1的组合式传感器通过底-底-腰-腰连接组成,即每组有两个组合式传感器,每组的组合式传感器通过底-底连接,然后这每组组合式传感器之间通过两对腰边再次进行连接,形成32通道的检测曲面,可对头颅除颞叶区外的所有区域进行同步检测。
综上,组合式传感器通过不同的连接方式可组合成不同大小、形状和检测通道数量的组合检测面,可以形成与头颅外形自然贴合的曲面,可以满足对不同部位及大小的头颅的传感器的检测需求,非常适合于青少年儿童的检测。
以上实施方式仅为本发明的具体实施例,然其并非用以限定本发明的范围。本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明精神的范围内,可在此基础上进行适当变型,这种变型均在本发明的范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述组合式传感器包括传感器固定板和传感器,所述传感器固定在传感器固定板上的安装孔中,所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为梯形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板的外缘形状为等腰梯形;可选地,所述等腰梯形的上底宽为40-60mm,可选为45-55mm,可选为48-52mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的下底宽为50-75mm,可选为55-70mm,可选为58-68mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的下底比上底宽10-23mm,可选为10-15mm,可选为10-12mm;可选地,所述等腰梯形的高为50-70mm,可选为55-65mm,可选为58-62mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板的厚度为2-6mm,可选为3-5mm,可选为3-4mm;所述传感器固定板呈曲面形;可选地,所述传感器固定板的弧面角度为π/12-π/4,可选为π/10-π/5,可选为π/9-π/6π。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板由弹性材料制成;可选地,所述弹性材料包括:天然橡胶、合成橡胶或其他合成高分子材料。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器包括激光光源、激光接受传感器、脑电电极;可选地,所述激光光源为fNIRS光源(S);可选地,所述激光接受传感器为fNIRS光信号传感器(D);可选地,所述脑电电极为EEG电极(E);可选地,所述传感器包括两个fNIRS光源(S)、两个fNIRS光信号传感器(D)、四个EEG电极(E)。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器的探测点的中心呈矩形排列;可选地,以中心为矩形的顶点,所述矩形的边长为22-38mm,可选为25-35mm,可选为28-32mm;可选地,所述矩形为正方形;可选地,所述传感器的探测点的排列方式为:fNIRS(近红外脑功能成像***)光源发射点(S’)位于正方形对角线的两个顶点上,fNIRS光信号传感器探测点(D’)位于正方形另一条对角线的两个顶点上,EEG电极触点(E’)分别位于正方形四条边的中点上。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合式传感器,其特征在于,所述传感器固定板上还设有连接孔(L);可选地,所述连接孔(L)设置在传感器固定板的周围;可选地,所述连接孔(L)为椭圆形或长圆形;可选地,所述连接孔(L)均匀排列于传感器固定板的四周。
8.一种组合式光电同步脑活动检测仪传感器,其特征在于,所述检测仪传感器包括至少一个权利要求1-7中任一项所述的组合式传感器和连接材料;可选地,所述检测仪传感器与固定扎带通过组合式传感器上的连接孔(L)进行连接;可选地,当所述检测仪传感器包括至少两个组合式传感器时,所述组合式传感器之间通过连接材料穿过连接孔(L)进行连接;可选地,所述组合式传感器之间的连接方式包括顶-顶连接、底-底连接、腰-腰同向连接、腰-腰异向连接、错位连接,所述顶为传感器固定板的上底,所述底为传感器固定板的下底,所述腰为传感器固定板的侧边;可选地,所述错位连接包括顶-底连接、顶-腰连接、底-腰连接;可选地,所述连接材料为柔性连接材料。
9.权利要求1-7中任一项所述的组合式传感器,或者权利要求8所述的检测仪传感器在脑功能成像中的用途。
10.权利要求1-7中任一项所述的组合式传感器,或者权利要求8所述的检测仪传感器在制备诊断癫痫灶的仪器中的用途。
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