CN107859993B - Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107859993B
CN107859993B CN201711094126.XA CN201711094126A CN107859993B CN 107859993 B CN107859993 B CN 107859993B CN 201711094126 A CN201711094126 A CN 201711094126A CN 107859993 B CN107859993 B CN 107859993B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
cooling
slag
chamber
cooling wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201711094126.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107859993A (en
Inventor
肖峰
罗勇军
高琴
贾良晨
李琰
石敏
洪勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711094126.XA priority Critical patent/CN107859993B/en
Publication of CN107859993A publication Critical patent/CN107859993A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107859993B publication Critical patent/CN107859993B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10Circulating fluidised bed

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure and a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling method. The cooling structure comprises a water cooling air chamber arranged at the bottom of the hearth, a slag cooling chamber water cooling wall is arranged at the outer side of the hearth, and extends downwards along the outer side of the water cooling air chamber to the bottom of the water cooling air chamber, and forms a slag cooling chamber with the water cooling air chamber water cooling wall. Bottom slag particles formed by the circulating fluidized bed slowly flow through the height Wen Dezha discharged from a slag inlet at the bottom of the hearth, and contact with the cold slag chamber water-cooling wall and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall to exchange heat, so that high-temperature bottom slag of the fluidized bed is cooled; after the cooling medium in the water cooling wall of the slag cooling chamber is heated, the cooling medium enters the water cooling wall of the water cooling chamber through the lower header of the water cooling chamber, and the bottom slag heat absorbed by the slag cooling chamber immediately enters the steam-water circulation system of the boiler. The invention can directly recycle the bottom slag heat accumulation by the boiler, thereby improving the heat efficiency of the boiler; the slag cooling chamber is directly cooled by boiler water, so that other water sources are reduced or not used, and the water of a power plant is saved.

Description

Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure and a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling method, in particular to a structure and a method for cooling high-temperature bottom slag of a fluidized bed boiler by using a hearth water-cooled wall, which are used for cooling the circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag and belong to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers.
Background
The bottom slag discharged by the circulating fluidized bed boiler is solid particles with wide screening (0-30 mm) and high temperature (900 ℃), belongs to materials which are difficult to operate and control, and particularly has no good solution at home and abroad for a large-capacity (or large slag quantity) CFB boiler. Therefore, the slag cooling chamber in the auxiliary system of the fluidized bed boiler belongs to one of the most troublesome technical difficulties. The fluidized bed type slag cooling chamber introduced at home has the problems that the slag cooling chamber cannot achieve the expected cooling effect due to factors such as slag bonding, boiler slag discharging control failure, abrasion of a cooling heating surface of the slag cooling chamber and the like, and great economic loss is caused to a power plant. And some mechanical slag cooling chambers, such as water cooling augers, water cooling drums and the like, have the problems of poor sealing, poor cooling capacity, large overhaul and maintenance workload and the like, so that the mechanical slag cooling chambers have not very optimistic application prospects in China.
At present, more methods and devices are used for cooling bottom slag of a circulating fluidized bed in the market, the cooling principle of a drum-type slag cooling chamber is that the bottom slag of the fluidized bed is introduced into a rotating drum through a pipeline, a heating surface is arranged in an interlayer or a drum body of the drum for cooling by medium water, the pressure of the cooling medium water cannot be too high due to mechanical rotation of the device, the pressure is generally required to be less than 4.0MPa, in addition, the sealing of a slag inlet is very difficult to treat due to the existence of a rotating part, and commercial operation shows that water leakage and slag leakage often occur in the device, and the heat of the bottom slag cannot be effectively recovered.
The design principle of the air-water combined circulating fluidized bed type slag cooling chamber is that a slag cooling chamber similar to a bubbling bed is additionally arranged outside a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and a plurality of chambers separated by a weir wall are usually arranged, bottom slag of the fluidized bed boiler is led to an empty chamber part of the device through a pipeline, and the bottom slag is fluidized by introducing air medium into an air distribution plate at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed type slag cooling chamber, so that the flow and the conveying of the bottom slag between the chambers are realized, and a serpentine heating surface is arranged in the slag cooling chamber according to cooling requirements. The cold slag chamber in this form shows that the flow between the various chambers of the bottom slag is not smooth during operation, and problems such as slag blockage are often found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the problems of slag blockage, abrasion, difficult replacement of heating surfaces and the like of the existing air-water combined circulating fluidized bed type slag cooling chamber are solved, a bottom slag cooling method suitable for circulating fluidized bed combustion of high ash content, low heat value and other fuels, a device and a corresponding system for realizing the method are provided, a cavity of the slag cooling chamber is formed by utilizing a hearth water-cooled wall heating surface pipe, the cavity is used as the heating surface, the bottom slag is cooled by utilizing boiler water of a boiler, heat recovery of the bottom slag is realized, and the use quantity and the occupied area of the slag cooling chamber are reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure, which comprises a water cooling air chamber arranged at the bottom of a hearth, wherein an air inlet is arranged at one side of the water cooling air chamber, and a slag inlet is arranged on a water cooling wall I at the lower part of the hearth.
Preferably, a water-cooling air chamber lower header is arranged at the joint of the water-cooling air chamber and the cold slag chamber, and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall and the cold slag chamber water-cooling wall are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber lower header; the connection part of the hearth, the water-cooling air chamber and the slag cooling chamber is provided with a water-cooling air chamber upper header, and the water-cooling wall I and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall I are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber upper header.
Preferably, the slag cooling chamber water-cooling wall consists of a second obliquely outward downward water-cooling wall, a third vertically downward water-cooling wall, a fourth obliquely inward downward water-cooling wall, a fifth horizontally water-cooling wall and a seventh water-cooling wall vertically extending upwards to the water-cooling chamber, which are sequentially connected, and a slag discharging port is arranged on the lower side of the fifth water-cooling wall; the water cooling air chamber water cooling wall consists of a vertical downward water cooling wall eight, an oblique inward downward water cooling wall nine, a horizontal water cooling wall ten and a water cooling wall eleven which vertically extends to the bottom of the water cooling wall two, which are sequentially connected.
More preferably, the included angle between the water cooling wall IV and the water cooling wall V is 135-180 degrees.
Preferably, the cold slag chamber water wall adopts a membrane water wall.
Preferably, a hearth air distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the hearth and below the slag discharge port.
Preferably, the cooling medium of all water-cooled walls is furnace water.
The invention also provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling method, fuel and bed materials forming a circulating fluidized bed complete combustion in a hearth, a part of air needed enters a water-cooling air chamber through an air inlet, then the air and the fuel are fluidized by an air distribution plate, flue gas generated by the combustion of the air and the fuel entrains a large amount of particles and enters a cyclone separator, coarse particles are returned to the hearth through a return device through cyclone separation for circulating combustion, and non-separated fine particles form fly ash and are discharged from the upper part of the cyclone separator along with the flue gas to enter a tail convection flue, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure is characterized in that the circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag particles slowly flow through a high Wen Dezha discharged from a slag inlet at the bottom of the hearth, contact with a cold slag chamber water-cooling wall and a water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall for heat exchange, so that high-temperature bottom slag of the fluidized bed is cooled, and are discharged from a slag discharging outlet; after the cooling medium in the water cooling wall of the slag cooling chamber is heated, the cooling medium enters the water cooling wall of the water cooling chamber through the lower header of the water cooling chamber, and the bottom slag heat absorbed by the slag cooling chamber immediately enters the steam-water circulation system of the boiler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the bottom slag heat accumulation can be directly recovered by the boiler, so that the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved;
2. the periphery of the slag cooling chamber is directly formed by using the heating surfaces of the water cooling walls, so that the slag cooling chamber is safe and reliable, and the heat preservation design is convenient;
3. the slag cooling chamber is arranged at the lower part of the water-cooled wall cone section, so that the arrangement is convenient, and the space is saved;
4. the slag cooling chamber is directly cooled by boiler water, so that other water sources are reduced or not used, and the water of a power plant is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bottom slag cooling structure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the bottom slag cooling structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler provided by the invention comprises a water-cooling air chamber 2 arranged at the bottom of a hearth 1, wherein an air inlet B is arranged at one side of the water-cooling air chamber 2, a slag inlet A is arranged on a water-cooling wall I21 at the lower part of the hearth 1, a slag-cooling chamber water-cooling wall 7 is arranged at the outer side of the hearth 1, and the slag-cooling chamber water-cooling wall 7 adopts a membrane water-cooling wall. The cold slag chamber water cooling wall 7 extends downwards along the outer side of the cold water chamber to the bottom of the water cooling air chamber 2, forms a cold slag chamber 4 with the water cooling air chamber water cooling wall, the slag inlet A is positioned in the cold slag chamber 4, the bottom of the cold slag chamber 4 is provided with a slag discharge port 5, and the slag discharge port 5 is formed by a water cooling wall six 26. The bottom of the hearth 1 is positioned below the slag inlet A and is provided with a hearth air distribution plate 9. The connection part of the water-cooling air chamber 2 and the slag cooling chamber 4 is provided with a water-cooling air chamber lower header 3, and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall and the slag cooling chamber water-cooling wall 7 are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber lower header 3; the joints of the hearth 1, the water-cooling air chamber 2 and the slag cooling chamber 4 are provided with a water-cooling air chamber upper header 6, and the water-cooling wall I21 and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber upper header 6. The slag cooling chamber water cooling wall 7 consists of a second inclined outward downward water cooling wall 22, a third vertical downward water cooling wall 23, a fourth inclined inward downward water cooling wall 24, a fifth horizontal water cooling wall 25 and a seventh vertical water cooling wall 27 extending upwards to the water cooling chamber 2 which are sequentially connected, and the slag discharging port 5 is arranged on the lower side of the fifth water cooling wall 25; the water cooling air chamber water cooling wall consists of a vertical downward water cooling wall eight 28, an oblique inward downward water cooling wall nine 29, a horizontal water cooling wall ten 30 and a water cooling wall eleven 31 which vertically extends to the bottom of a water cooling wall two 22, which are sequentially connected. The included angle between the water cooling wall IV 24 and the water cooling wall V25 is 135-180 degrees. The cooling medium of all the water cooling walls is furnace water.
A method for cooling bottom slag of a circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises the following steps:
the fuel and the bed materials forming the circulating fluidized bed complete combustion in the hearth 1, a part of air needed enters the water-cooling air chamber 2 through the air inlet B, then the air distribution plate fluidizes the bed materials and the fuel, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the air and the fuel entrains a large amount of particles to enter the cyclone separator, coarse particles are returned to the hearth 1 through the material returning device by cyclone separation for circulating combustion, the fine particles which are not separated form fly ash and enter the tail convection flue along with the flue gas, the bottom slag particles formed by the circulating fluidized bed slowly flow through the high Wen Dezha discharged from the slag inlet A at the bottom of the hearth 1, contact with the cold slag chamber water cooling wall 7 and the water-cooling air chamber water cooling wall for heat exchange, so that the high-temperature bottom slag of the fluidized bed is cooled, and then are discharged from the slag discharging hole 5; after being heated, the cooling medium in the cold slag chamber water-cooling wall 7 enters the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall through the water-cooling air chamber lower header 3, and the bottom slag heat absorbed by the cold slag chamber 4 immediately enters the boiler steam-water circulation system.

Claims (7)

1. The bottom slag cooling structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a water cooling air chamber (2) arranged at the bottom of a hearth (1), an air inlet (B) is formed in one side of the water cooling air chamber (2), a slag inlet (A) is formed in a first water cooling wall (21) arranged at the lower part of the hearth (1), and the bottom slag cooling structure is characterized in that a cold slag chamber water cooling wall (7) is arranged at the outer side of the hearth (1), the cold slag chamber water cooling wall (7) extends downwards to the bottom of the water cooling air chamber (2) along the outer side of the water cooling air chamber, the cold slag chamber (4) is formed by the cold slag chamber water cooling wall and the slag inlet (A) is positioned in the cold slag chamber (4), a slag discharging port (5) is formed in the bottom of the cold slag chamber (4), and the slag discharging port (5) is formed by six water cooling walls (26); the connection part of the water-cooling air chamber (2) and the slag cooling chamber (4) is provided with a water-cooling air chamber lower header (3), and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall and the slag cooling chamber water-cooling wall (7) are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber lower header (3); the connection part of the hearth (1), the water-cooling air chamber (2) and the slag cooling chamber (4) is provided with a water-cooling air chamber upper header (6), and the water-cooling wall I (21) and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall are communicated with the water-cooling air chamber upper header (6).
2. The bottom slag cooling structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold slag chamber water-cooling wall (7) consists of a second inclined outward downward water-cooling wall (22), a third vertical downward water-cooling wall (23), a fourth inclined inward downward water-cooling wall (24), a fifth horizontal water-cooling wall (25) and a seventh water-cooling wall (27) vertically extending upwards to the water-cooling air chamber (2) which are sequentially connected, and the slag discharging port (5) is arranged at the lower side of the fifth water-cooling wall (25); the water cooling air chamber water cooling wall consists of a vertical downward water cooling wall eight (28), an oblique inward downward water cooling wall nine (29), a horizontal water cooling wall ten (30) and a water cooling wall eleven (31) which vertically extends to the bottom of a water cooling wall two (22) which are sequentially connected.
3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure of claim 2, wherein the included angle between the water cooling wall four (24) and the water cooling wall five (25) is 135 ° to 180 °.
4. The bottom slag cooling structure of circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold slag chamber water cooling wall (7) is a membrane water cooling wall.
5. The bottom slag cooling structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein a hearth air distribution plate (9) is arranged below the slag discharging port (5) at the bottom of the hearth (1).
6. The circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure of claim 1, wherein the cooling medium of all water cooled walls is boiler water.
7. A circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling method, fuel and bed materials forming a circulating fluidized bed complete combustion in a hearth (1), a part of needed air enters a water-cooling air chamber (2) through an air inlet (B), then the air and fuel are fluidized by an air distribution plate, flue gas generated by the combustion of the air and the fuel entrains a large amount of particles to enter a cyclone separator, coarse particles are returned to the hearth (1) through the cyclone separator for circulating combustion, and fly ash formed by the fine particles which are not separated is discharged from the upper part of the cyclone separator along with the flue gas to enter a tail convection flue, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag cooling structure is characterized in that the bottom slag particles formed by the circulating fluidized bed slowly flow through a high Wen Dezha discharged from a slag inlet (A) at the bottom of the hearth (1), contact with a water-cooling slag chamber water-cooling wall (7) and the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall for heat exchange, so that the high-temperature bottom slag of the fluidized bed is cooled, and then discharged from a slag discharging outlet (5); after being heated, the cooling medium in the cold slag chamber water-cooling wall (7) enters the water-cooling air chamber water-cooling wall through the water-cooling air chamber lower header (3), and the bottom slag heat absorbed by the cold slag chamber (4) immediately enters the boiler steam-water circulation system.
CN201711094126.XA 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler Active CN107859993B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711094126.XA CN107859993B (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711094126.XA CN107859993B (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107859993A CN107859993A (en) 2018-03-30
CN107859993B true CN107859993B (en) 2023-12-01

Family

ID=61701361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711094126.XA Active CN107859993B (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107859993B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110260302B (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-05-22 西安交通大学 Combustion system for fluidized bed gasification fly ash

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101598334A (en) * 2009-06-30 2009-12-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Bottom slag cooling method of circulating fluidized bed
CN102116471A (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-06 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Device and method for recovering bottom slag heat of circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN105299665A (en) * 2015-05-30 2016-02-03 四川省凯明机械制造有限公司 Efficient water-cooling and air-cooling slag cooler
CN207815303U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-09-04 上海锅炉厂有限公司 CFB Slag cooling structure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101598334A (en) * 2009-06-30 2009-12-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Bottom slag cooling method of circulating fluidized bed
CN102116471A (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-06 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Device and method for recovering bottom slag heat of circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN105299665A (en) * 2015-05-30 2016-02-03 四川省凯明机械制造有限公司 Efficient water-cooling and air-cooling slag cooler
CN207815303U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-09-04 上海锅炉厂有限公司 CFB Slag cooling structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107859993A (en) 2018-03-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10125974B2 (en) Fluidized-bed boiler integrating multifunctional inertia-gravity separator with multiple furnace profiles
CN102213409A (en) Double-barrel water cooled wall type radiation waste boiler with adjusting function and industrial application thereof
CN101598334A (en) Bottom slag cooling method of circulating fluidized bed
CN204986938U (en) Energy -conserving dust removal troilite exhaust -heat boiler
CN107859993B (en) Bottom slag cooling structure and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN101105287A (en) Screen type heated surface arrangement method for fluid bed boiler furnace
CN102977925A (en) Mixed energy utilization device for integrated rotary radiant boiler preheating boiler
CN103868043A (en) Exhaust heat boiler equipment of coal gasification device
CN201297611Y (en) Shaft boiler for recovering residual heat of high-temperature powdered solid material
CN204005969U (en) A kind of cyclone separator of circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN201059537Y (en) Fluidized-bed boiler furnace screen type heating surface structure
CN203836922U (en) Waste heat recycling equipment applied to coal gasification device
CN207815303U (en) CFB Slag cooling structure
CN202989074U (en) Integrated rotary radiation boiler and pre-boiler mixed energy utilization device
CN202733916U (en) Burning dregs fluidized bed boiler
CN211011342U (en) Wind-water combined circulation vertical slag cooler
CN214654655U (en) Large-scale high-efficient pyrolysis device of fine coal
CN104100968A (en) Circulating fluidized bedboiler cyclone separator provided with entirely inclined center cylinder
CN201916893U (en) Internal division type mix combustion furnace
CN212481265U (en) Combustion system of ascending bed coal pyrolysis co-production circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN204138612U (en) A kind of biomass ebullition bed
CN209602470U (en) Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier For Biomass material returning device carbonizing device
CN103791481B (en) A kind of energy-saving efficient boiler structure
CN110631009A (en) Wind-water combined circulation vertical slag cooler
CN206310468U (en) A kind of high-temp solid micropowder waste heat boiler

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant