CN107857307B - Novel strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection - Google Patents

Novel strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection Download PDF

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CN107857307B
CN107857307B CN201711155226.9A CN201711155226A CN107857307B CN 107857307 B CN107857307 B CN 107857307B CN 201711155226 A CN201711155226 A CN 201711155226A CN 107857307 B CN107857307 B CN 107857307B
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韩磊
张海姣
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Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of nano materials, catalysis and analytical chemistry, and particularly relates to a new strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection. The method utilizes the nano-structure characteristics of bovine serum albumin and the properties of functional groups thereof to mix the bovine serum albumin with divalent cobalt ions, and after sodium borohydride is added, the divalent cobalt ions react at normal temperature to generate the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres under the stabilizing action of the bovine serum albumin. The method takes the biological material as the template, the preparation process is simple, the reaction condition is mild and environment-friendly, and the nano structure is easy to control. The material has the advantages of simultaneously having the enzyme catalysis imitating characteristic, magnetism and surface-modifiable functional groups, and can quickly modify glucose oxidase and be used for color development detection of recoverable glucose based on the advantages. Another important advantage of the method is that the immobilization of glucose oxidase on the surface of cobaltosic oxide nanospheres is utilized to change the active pH range of the glucose oxidase, thereby realizing one-pot chromogenic analysis. The patent relates to a nano material which has wide application prospect in the fields of analytical chemistry, environmental engineering and catalysis.

Description

Novel strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of nano materials, catalysis and analytical chemistry, and particularly relates to a new strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection.
Background
In recent years, tricobalt tetraoxide has attracted attention in various fields as a metal oxide having an important industrial use. Researchers utilize various methods to synthesize the nano-scale cobaltosic oxide, and the nano-scale cobaltosic oxide is widely applied to the fields of batteries, capacitors, immunoassay, catalysis and the like by virtue of the unique structure and performance of the nano-scale cobaltosic oxide. Wei et al, "Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of meso Co3O4Nanoflakes for Applications in L, ion Batteries and Oxygen Evolution Reactions, a method for synthesizing porous Co by microwave hydrothermal solution and low-temperature conversion3O4Nanosheets and their use in batteries (ACS Applied Materials)&Interfaces 2015,7, 3306-3313). Rao et al in Ultralayred Co3O4for High-Performance supercapacitor applications, Co is synthesized by hydrothermal method3O4Nanosheets and their use in capacitors (The Journal of physical Chemistry C2011, 115, 15646-. Zhang et al Co3O4Co was synthesized by coprecipitation method in Nanoparticleswitch Multi-Enzyme Activities and Their Application in Immunohistochemical Assay3O4Nanoparticles and their use in immunoassays (ACS applied materials)&Interfaces 2014,6, 1959-. Yuichi et al in morphologic effects of Co3O4Co is synthesized by a hydrothermal method in a text of Nanocrystals catalysis CO Oxidation in a Dry Reactant Gas stream3O4Nanocrystals and their use in Catalysis (Catalysis Science)&Technology 2011,1,920-3O4Nanoparticles Used for Biodetection and Evaluation of antibiotic BehaviorCo is synthesized by a hydrothermal method3O4Nanoparticles and their use in catalysis (Nanoscale 2016,8, 5938-. Tang et al in Port Co3O4The porous Co Oxide with Intrinsic peroxide enzyme-L ike Activity and catalysis in the Degradation of methyl Blue is synthesized by hydrothermal method in the text of the Nanoprods-Reduced Graphene Oxide with Intrinsic peroxide enzyme-L ike Activity and catalysis in the Degradation of methyl Blue3O4Nanorods and their use in catalysis (ACS Applied Materials)&Interfaces 2013,5, 3809-. The synthesis condition method of the cobaltosic oxide has high requirements and the appearance is difficult to control, so that the exploration of the efficient cobaltosic oxide synthesis method is meaningful work. The experiment simulates that Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is taken as a biological template to controllably synthesize Co with good monodispersity, optimal magnetic property and enzyme activity3O4NPs。
The glucose is an important living substance and is a main energy supply substance of organisms and a key intermediate product of metabolism, the relative constant content of the glucose (blood sugar) in the blood of a human body has important significance for maintaining the normal physiological function of the human body, the diabetes is hyperglycemia and seriously threatens the health of the human body, in addition, the hypoglycemia can be diagnosed when the blood sugar value is lower than 2.8 mmol/L, and the diabetes is mostly seen in patients with hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocortical insufficiency, hypohepatia, chronic diarrhea and the like, therefore, the measurement and early diagnosis of the blood sugar have far-reaching significance for the prevention and treatment of related diseases2O2Then adding nano material with peroxidase-like activity to catalyze H2O2Indirect glucose detection was achieved L iu et al A V2O3-Ordered Mesoporous Carboposide with Novel Peroxidase-L ike Activity aware the glucose oxidase in the presence of oxygen to oxidize glucose, followed by the addition of V with a Peroxidase-mimicking Activity2O3The composite material realizes two-step method for detecting glucose. Shen et al, Ultrasmall Ptnanocrusters as Robust Peroxidase mix for Colorimetric Detection of glucose in Human Serum < CHEM > wherein glucose oxidase oxidizes glucose in the presence of oxygen, and then Pt NCs with peroxidase-simulated activity are added to realize two-step glucose detection. These reports require two-step glucose detection, and the process is complicated.
In summary, the existing report needs to add Glucose oxidase when detecting Glucose, and the detection of Glucose is realized by a two-step method, which is tedious in process, high in requirement of enzyme on pH range, harsh in reaction conditions, and incapable of recycling enzyme and material after the reaction is completed, in order to realize the one-Pot detection, one usually adopts the method of changing the active pH range of the nanomaterial with the Peroxidase-imitating Activity (Han, L. et al, Au @ Ag heterologeous nanoparticles with Peroxidase Activity-L ike Activity and theory Application for one-point Analysis of Glucose Neutral pH. acs Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015,7(26), 14463-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for synthesizing cobaltosic oxide nanospheres by using a bovine serum albumin template is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing bovine serum albumin with an aqueous solution containing divalent cobalt ions, and incubating for 1 hour;
(2) adding a certain amount of sodium borohydride into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and carrying out oscillation reaction for a period of time;
(3) centrifuging the reaction solution, removing supernatant containing unreacted components, collecting precipitate, and storing at 4 deg.C; the purified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres can also be collected by a dialysis method or a filtration method.
Preferably, the aqueous solution containing divalent cobalt ions may be prepared from cobalt acetate, cobalt chloride, or the like.
The application of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere is characterized in that: the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere has the catalytic activity of peroxidase-like enzyme and can be used as a catalyst for analysis and detection; the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres have magnetism and can be recycled; the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere has functional groups which can modify biological enzymes and change the active pH range.
Preferably, the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres can be used as a catalyst to realize glucose detection by a one-step method after modifying glucose oxidase.
Adding an organic color developing agent when detecting the glucose; the organic color developing agent is 2,2 ' -dinitrogen-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diamine salt (ABTS) or 3,3 ', 5,5 ' -tetramethyl benzidine (TMB).
The invention has the following effects:
1. the method synthesizes the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere by utilizing a biological template method and a one-step method, has simple, mild and environment-friendly synthesis method, and solves the defects of complex process, high energy consumption, difficult shape control and the like of the traditional method for synthesizing the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere.
2. The cobaltosic oxide nanosphere based on the bovine serum albumin template has magnetism and can be recycled.
3. The cobaltosic oxide nanosphere based on the bovine serum albumin template has a functional group capable of modifying glucose oxidase on the surface, and can change the active pH range of the glucose oxidase, thereby realizing a novel detection strategy.
4. The adopted biological template is bovine serum albumin which is non-toxic and harmless to human bodies, is a green and environment-friendly biological template, and the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere synthesized by the biological template method has good biocompatibility and has good application prospects in the fields of biochemical analysis such as biomarkers, immunoassay, biosensing and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a synthesis process of cobaltosic oxide nanospheres and a schematic diagram of GOx immobilization according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a transmission electron microscope photograph of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere provided in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the enzyme-like activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres provided by the embodiment of the invention on ABTS as a substrate.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the mimic enzyme activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres provided by the embodiment of the invention with OPD as the substrate.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the pH optimization effect of the activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere mimic enzyme provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of pH optimization before and after GOx modification according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a standard working curve for the quantitative determination of glucose by the chromogenic method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the contents of the present invention, some examples will be further illustrated below, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples. The specific experimental conditions or methods in the following examples, if not noted, were carried out according to conventional conditions or methods in the art.
Example 1
Preparing cobaltosic oxide nanospheres based on a bovine serum albumin template:
(1) uniformly mixing bovine serum albumin (with the final concentration of 0.2mg/m L) and an aqueous solution (with the final concentration of 5mM) of cobalt chloride, and incubating for 1h at room temperature;
(2) adding an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and carrying out oscillation reaction for 5 hours;
(3) centrifuging the reaction solution, removing supernatant containing unreacted components, collecting precipitate, and storing at 4 deg.C; the purified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres can also be collected by a dialysis method or a filtration method. The specific synthetic process is shown in figure 1.
Example 2
And (3) analyzing the appearance of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere:
and (3) dripping the suspension of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere on a copper net, drying at 37 ℃, and analyzing the appearance of the suspension by using a transmission electron microscope.
As shown in FIG. 2, the obtained cobaltosic oxide nanospheres have uniform morphology and an average size of about 50 nm.
Example 3
The enzyme activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere is as follows:
experiment system a: the catalytic reaction system comprises H2O2(1mM), the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres obtained in the above examples (20. mu.g/m L), the organic color reagent ABTS (0.5mM), and the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.0). after reacting at 37 ℃ for 20 minutes, the spectrograms thereof at a wavelength of 300-800nm were recorded by means of an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.
And (3) performing an additional experiment: in the control experiment b, the same amount of bovine serum albumin was used instead of the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres, and the spectra were recorded after standing for 20 minutes under the same conditions as in the above experiment system.
As shown in FIG. 3, the experiment system a shows a distinct peak near 416nm, which is much higher than that of the experiment system b, indicating that the bovine serum albumin itself has no catalytic activity. In conclusion, the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres prepared by the method have good catalytic activity.
In order to further prove the enzyme-imitating activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere, another organic color-developing agent OPD is used as a substrate to replace ABTS, the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere (an experimental system a) and BSA (an experimental system b) are respectively used as catalysts, other experimental conditions are consistent with the experiment, and the spectrum scanning range is 300-800 nm.
As shown in FIG. 4, the experimental system a shows a distinct peak near 450nm, while the experimental system b has no distinct peak near 450nm, which indicates that the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere has a distinct peroxidase-like activity and BSA itself has no catalytic activity on OPD.
Example 4
And (3) pH optimization of the activity of the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere mimic enzyme:
the catalytic reaction system comprises H2O2(1mM), cobaltosic oxide nanospheres (20 μ g/m L), organic color reagent OPD (0.5mM) and buffers of different pH (pH 1.0-2.0, glycine-hydrochloric acid buffer; pH 3.0-6.0, acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer; pH 7.0-8.0, phosphate buffer; pH 9.0, Tris-hydrochloric acid buffer(ii) a pH 10.0-11.0, sodium carbonate-sodium hydroxide buffer). After reacting at 37 ℃ for 20 minutes, the absorbance at 450nm was measured using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. As shown in fig. 5, the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres exhibited optimal peroxidase activity at pH 4.0.
Example 5
Preparing cobaltosic oxide nanospheres for modifying glucose oxidase:
(1) dissolving cobaltosic oxide in a 1mM tert-butyl carbamate solution, standing for 2h, washing with water, and performing magnetic separation;
(2) adding cobaltosic oxide obtained by the reaction into a mixed solution of 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide, reacting for 5 hours in a dark place, magnetically separating, washing with water, and drying;
(3) and adding the cobaltosic oxide obtained by the reaction into a glucose oxidase solution, reacting overnight at 4 ℃, and performing magnetic separation to obtain cobaltosic oxide nanospheres for modifying the glucose oxidase. The specific synthetic process is shown in figure 1.
Example 6
pH activity optimization before and after GOx modification:
the catalytic reaction system comprises glucose (1mM), glucose oxidase (20 mu g/m L), cobaltosic oxide nanospheres (20 mu g/m L) and buffers (1.0-11.0) with different pH values, after reaction for 20 minutes, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant is taken out, horseradish peroxidase HRP (20 mu g/m L), organic color reagent OPD (0.5mM) and acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.0) are added, after reaction for 20 minutes at 37 ℃, the absorbance at 450nm is detected by using a microplate reader, as shown in FIG. 6, GOx shows the optimal oxidase activity at pH 7.5, and the activity is greatly reduced at pH 4.0.
The catalytic reaction system comprises glucose (1mM), glucose oxidase modified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres (20 mu g/m L) and acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solutions (1.0-11.0) with different pH values, after reaction for 30 minutes, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant is taken out, HRP (20 mu g/m L), organic color developing agent OPD (0.5mM) and acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH 4.0) are added, after reaction for 20 minutes at 37 ℃, the light absorption value at 450nm is detected by using a microplate reader, as shown in figure 6, the glucose oxidase modified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres show more than 80% of oxidase activity in the range of pH 3.0-10.0.
Example 7
The catalytic reaction system comprises glucose (0-10mM) with different concentrations, modified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres of glucose oxidase (20 mu g/m L), an organic color developing agent OPD (0.5mM) and an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0), after reacting for 20 minutes at 37 ℃, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for detecting the light absorption value at 450nm, and a glucose standard working curve is drawn, as shown in FIG. 7, until the 9mM working curve shows a good linear relation.

Claims (4)

1. A strategy for realizing one-pot glucose chromogenic detection is characterized in that: the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres with the peroxidase activity can change the activity pH range of glucose oxidase GOx fixed on the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres, so that the GOx and the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres have higher activity in a similar pH range, and one-pot glucose chromogenic detection is realized, wherein the cobaltosic oxide nanospheres with the peroxidase activity are synthesized in one step by a bovine serum protein template, and the surfaces of the synthesized cobaltosic oxide nanospheres are provided with functional groups capable of modifying the glucose oxidase so as to be used for fixing the glucose oxidase; specifically, the process of synthesizing the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere by using a bovine serum albumin template comprises the following steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing bovine serum albumin with an aqueous solution containing divalent cobalt ions, and incubating for 1 hour;
(2) adding a certain amount of sodium borohydride into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and carrying out oscillation reaction for a period of time;
(3) centrifuging the reaction solution, removing the supernatant containing unreacted components, collecting the precipitate, and storing at 4 ℃ for later use; the purified cobaltosic oxide nanospheres can also be collected by a dialysis method or a filtration method.
2. The strategy for performing one-pot chromogenic glucose detection according to claim 1, wherein: the cobaltosic oxide nanosphere has peroxidase activity under the condition that the pH value is 3.0-5.0.
3. The strategy for performing one-pot chromogenic glucose detection according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction solution only contains cobaltosic oxide nanospheres fixed with GOx, an organic color developing agent, glucose and a pH buffer solution; wherein the organic color developing agent is one of 2,2 ' -dinitro-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), diamine salt, o-phenylenediamine or 3,3 ', 5,5 ' -tetramethyl benzidine.
4. The strategy for performing one-pot chromogenic glucose detection according to claim 1, wherein: after reacting for a certain time, qualitative analysis is carried out by naked eyes, and quantitative analysis is carried out by a spectrophotometry.
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