CN107854955B - Hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and operation control method - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and operation control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107854955B CN107854955B CN201710853929.2A CN201710853929A CN107854955B CN 107854955 B CN107854955 B CN 107854955B CN 201710853929 A CN201710853929 A CN 201710853929A CN 107854955 B CN107854955 B CN 107854955B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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Abstract
A hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and an operation control method, wherein a system related to the process method comprises two adsorption beds, a filter, a compressor, a membrane component, a vacuum pump, an absorption tower and equipment rooms, wherein the equipment rooms are formed by pipelines and valves; the two adsorption beds are of a parallel structure, the lower parts of the two adsorption beds are provided with a waste gas inlet and a bed layer regeneration pumping hole, the upper parts of the two adsorption beds are provided with a waste gas outlet and a bed layer regeneration air inlet, and a switching valve is arranged on a related pipeline. The invention can be applied to the recovery of hydrocarbon-containing waste gas and the treatment of environment-friendly waste gas, increases the operation and control flexibility of the system by optimizing the process flow and the equipment configuration, and realizes the standard-reaching treatment of the hydrocarbon-containing waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and an operation control method, belonging to the technical field of waste gas emission.
Background
Petroleum and its products are the mixed products of many kinds of hydrocarbon, and its light component has strong volatility. In the processes of petroleum exploitation, refining, storage and transportation, sale and application, a part of lighter liquid components are inevitably gasified and discharged into the atmosphere, thereby causing resource waste, environmental pollution and serious potential safety hazard.
In order to reduce resource waste, reduce potential safety hazards caused by VOCs and face the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution, petrochemical and refining enterprises strive to reduce the discharge of VOCs more safely and effectively in the process of reducing the discharge of VOCs, and become the important factor in the safety production of enterprises.
The treatment technology of VOCs waste gas can be divided into two categories, namely destruction method and absorption method.
Firstly, the method comprises the following steps: VOCs destruction methods include: (1) a direct combustion method, (2) a thermal combustion method, (3) a catalytic combustion method, (4) a regenerative oxidation method, and the like. II, secondly: the VOCs recovery method comprises the following steps: (1) an adsorption method, (2) an absorption method, (3) a condensation method, (4) a membrane separation method, and the like.
In general, when the concentration of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the refining waste gas is low, a combustion (oxidation) destruction treatment method is preferably adopted, and when the VOCs waste gas is treated by an oxidation method, high temperature is usually generated, so that the method is not suitable for environments such as a gas station and an oil product transportation process due to environmental limitation; when the concentration of VOCs is high, or the environment of VOCs is not suitable for being treated by the oxidation method, non-oxidation methods such as adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation and the like and combined processes thereof are preferably adopted for recycling treatment.
Among the above-mentioned several non-oxidation method VOCs recovery processing technologies, the condensation method, the kerosene absorption method, the activated carbon adsorption method and the membrane separation method are widely used. Various treatment processes have advantages and disadvantages.
(1) Compared with other VOCs recovery processes, the condensation method is complex, the concentration of the discharged VOCs can only reach 35mg/L level through simple refrigerant cooling, and liquid nitrogen cooling is needed if 10mg/L is needed. The process is complex, the energy consumption is high, and a certain amount of oily sewage is generated during operation.
(2) The absorption method has a simple process, but the recovery effect of the process is poor, the kerosene used as the absorption liquid can only reach the tail gas emission standard of 80mg/L, the special absorption liquid can basically reach the tail gas emission standard of 35mg/L, but the special absorption liquid has short service life and high cost.
(3) The adsorption method uses active carbon to adsorb VOCs, has a simple process flow, has a high recovery rate of VOCs gas with molecular mass in a range of 40-130, and can reach tail gas emission below 10 mg/L. The service life of the active carbon is 5-10 years, but the scrapped active carbon needs to be properly treated, otherwise, the environment is polluted.
(4) The membrane separation method has wide applicability, high safety and high recovery rate, the recovery rate of the VOCs can reach more than 98 percent, and the tail gas emission can be reduced to be less than 30 mg/L.
Along with the increasing importance of China on the treatment of environmental pollution. According to the requirement of a file of 'comprehensive volatile organic compound treatment scheme in petrochemical industry' (No. 2014 177 in environmental protection department), VOCs comprehensive treatment work is basically completed in the national petrochemical industry by 2017, a VOCs monitoring and controlling system is built, and the total discharge amount of VOCs is reduced by more than 30% compared with that in 2014. In the face of such a severe emission standard, the existing VOCs recovery treatment process cannot meet the emission requirement. Through search, the invention of the publication No. CN106139630A 'a composite method for recovering and treating oil gas' adopts a method of pre-stage membrane treatment and then activated carbon adsorption. The method needs large-area membrane treatment for the effective separation treatment of the high-concentration inlet oil gas in the atmosphere, the membrane equipment has larger volume, and the characteristic of large adsorption capacity of the active carbon cannot be fully applied.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a waste gas recovery system which can exert the adsorption characteristic of activated carbon and can reduce the volume of membrane equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and an operation control method, wherein a system related to the process method comprises two adsorption beds, a filter, a compressor, a membrane component, a vacuum pump, an absorption tower and equipment rooms, wherein the equipment rooms are formed by pipelines and valves; the two adsorption beds are in a parallel structure, the lower parts of the two adsorption beds are provided with a waste gas inlet and a bed layer regeneration pumping hole, the upper parts of the two adsorption beds are provided with a waste gas outlet and a bed layer regeneration air inlet, and a related pipeline is provided with a change-over switch valve; the waste gas outlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a filter, a compressor and a membrane module, an outlet at the concentration end of the membrane module is provided with two pipelines, one pipeline is used for removing an inlet of a vacuum pump, the other pipeline is used for removing a waste gas main inlet, and a purified gas end of the membrane module is provided with a pressure control valve and an exhaust port; a vacuum pump and an absorption tower are sequentially arranged on the bed layer regeneration pumping hole pipelines at the lower parts of the two adsorption beds, an exhaust port is arranged at the upper part of the absorption tower, and the exhaust port is connected with a main inlet of a treatment system; the membrane module purified gas discharge port is provided with a pressure control regulating valve for controlling the discharge pressure; the two passages of the concentrated gas outlet of the membrane module are respectively provided with an adjusting valve, so that the reasonable gas distribution amount of the pressure at the concentrated gas end of the membrane module can be flexibly adjusted; and two pipelines at the inlet of the vacuum pump are respectively provided with an adjusting valve for controlling the regeneration gas quantity of the adsorption tube and the flow and pressure of the concentrated gas of the membrane component.
According to the invention, the filter, the compressor and the membrane assembly are arranged at the rear end of the adsorption tank for discharging the waste gas, and the concentrated gas outlet of the membrane assembly is provided with two passages with regulating valves, so that the flexible regulation and control of a waste gas treatment system are realized, the treated tail gas is discharged up to the standard, and the problems in the prior art are solved; the adsorption regeneration gas and the membrane component filtration concentrated gas are pumped by a vacuum pump and enter an absorption tower together for absorption, so that the absorption and recovery of the high-concentration regeneration gas and the membrane component concentrated gas of the adsorber are realized.
The invention can be applied to the recovery of hydrocarbon-containing waste gas and the treatment of environment-friendly waste gas, increases the operation and control flexibility of the system by optimizing the process flow and the equipment configuration, and realizes the standard-reaching treatment of the hydrocarbon-containing waste gas. The technology can be applied to the separation process of organic waste gas, realizes safe and reliable separation treatment of air and hydrocarbon components by adsorption of a non-oxidation method and a membrane method safe separation process and technology, and can be widely applied to recovery and standard treatment of petrochemical production tail gas, tank area exhaust tail gas and loading and shipping tail gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention for a hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and an operation control method.
Reference numerals:
1. a main gas inlet, 2, an absorption tower outlet pipeline, 3a, a gas inlet pipeline and valve, 3B, a gas inlet pipeline and valve, 4a, a regeneration air extraction pipeline and valve, 4B, a regeneration air extraction pipeline and valve, 5a, a regeneration gas inlet pipeline and valve, 5B, a regeneration gas inlet pipeline and valve, 6a, a waste gas outlet pipeline and valve, 6B, a waste gas outlet pipeline and valve, 7, a filter, 8, a compressor, 10, a regulating valve, 11, a purified gas outlet pipeline, 12, a membrane module, 13, a regulating valve, 14, a regulating valve, 15, a pipeline, 16, a pipeline, 17, a vacuum pump, 18, a regulating valve, 19, an absorption tower, A, an adsorption bed, B, and an adsorption bed.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a system related to a hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process and an operation control method comprises an adsorption bed a, an adsorption bed B, a filter 7, a compressor 8, a membrane module 12, a vacuum pump 17, an absorption tower 19, and equipment rooms, wherein the equipment rooms are formed by pipelines and valves; the adsorption bed A and the adsorption bed B are symmetrically arranged in parallel, the lower parts of the adsorption bed A and the adsorption bed B are provided with an air inlet pipeline, a valve 3a, an air inlet pipeline and a valve 3B, a regeneration air exhaust pipeline, a valve 4a, a regeneration air exhaust pipeline and a valve 4B, the upper parts of the adsorption bed A and the adsorption bed B are provided with a waste gas outlet pipeline, a valve 6a, a waste gas outlet pipeline and a valve 6B, a regeneration gas inlet pipeline, a valve 5a and a regeneration gas inlet pipeline and a valve 5B; a filter 7, a compressor 8 and a membrane module 12 are sequentially arranged behind the waste gas outlet pipeline and valve 6a and the waste gas outlet pipeline and valve 6b, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on the membrane module 12, a regulating valve 10 is arranged on a purified gas outlet pipeline 11 for controlling the exhaust pressure, two passage pipelines 15 and a pipeline 16 are arranged at a concentrated gas outlet of the membrane module, a regulating valve 14 is arranged on the pipeline 15 and is connected with an inlet of a vacuum pump 17, and an adjusting valve 18 is arranged on the pipeline 16 and is connected with an outlet pipeline 2 of the absorption tower; the regeneration air extraction opening of the adsorption tank is provided with an adjusting valve 13, a vacuum pump 17 and an absorption tower 19 are sequentially arranged behind the pipeline, and purified gas is discharged through an absorption tower gas outlet pipeline 2 and merged into a main gas inlet 1 to enter the system together with waste gas inlet.
During working, a compressor 8 is started to carry out waste gas air entraining, an air inlet pipeline and a valve 3a, a waste gas outlet pipeline and a valve 6a are opened, other valves on two adsorption tanks are closed, waste gas is subjected to adsorption treatment by an activated carbon adsorption bed A, total macromolecular hydrocarbons of the waste gas are removed after adsorption, purified gas enters a membrane module 12 through a fiber filter 7 and the compressor 8, concentration treatment is carried out in the membrane module 12, the purified gas with the concentration of less than 1g/m3 after treatment is controlled to be at a proper pressure by an adjusting valve 10 and then is discharged to the atmosphere through a pipeline 11, and the tail gas treatment is discharged up to the standard; after the flow and the pressure of the concentrated oil gas are regulated and controlled by a regulating valve 14 and a regulating valve 18 on a pipeline 15 and a pipeline 16, the concentrated oil gas respectively enters an inlet of a vacuum pump 17 and a pipeline 2 after absorption of the regenerated gas; switching operation is carried out after the adsorption saturation of the adsorption bed A, the operation of the adsorption bed B is started, the regeneration treatment is carried out on the adsorption bed A, the air inlet pipeline and the valve 3a, the waste gas outlet pipeline and the valve 6a are closed, the air inlet pipeline and the valve 3B and the waste gas outlet pipeline and the valve 6B are opened, the waste gas is subjected to the adsorption treatment through the adsorption bed B, at the moment, the regeneration gas inlet pipeline and the valve 5a, the regeneration gas extraction pipeline and the valve 4a on the adsorption bed A are opened, the regeneration gas inlet pipeline and the valve 5B, the regeneration gas extraction pipeline and the valve 4B on the adsorption bed B are closed, the regulating valve 13 and the regulating valve 14 are adjusted to proper opening degrees, the proper vacuum degree and the proper air flows are controlled to enter the vacuum pump 17, at the moment, the activated carbon adsorption regeneration gas and the membrane module concentrated gas enter the recovered oil absorption tower 19 to, and after recovery, the tower top exhaust gas 2 flows back to the main inlet 1 for cyclic adsorption treatment.
The adsorption operation can provide time or concentration control period switching operation according to the adsorption saturation condition, and oil gas recovery and standard treatment in the loading process are realized through switching of the adsorption bed A and the adsorption bed B, regeneration reciprocating operation and subsequent membrane treatment and control of related pipeline valves.
Claims (3)
1. A hydrocarbon-containing waste gas recovery process is characterized in that: the organic waste gas treatment process is a combined process of adsorption, filtration, compression and membrane concentration treatment, the treated purified tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged, the concentrated waste gas and the activated carbon adsorption regeneration waste gas enter an absorption tower through a vacuum pump for air entraining, and the absorbed tail gas is circulated back to a waste gas inlet; the device is characterized in that a filter and a compressor are arranged behind the adsorption equipment, a membrane module is arranged behind the compressor, a concentrated gas outlet of the membrane module is divided into two paths, one path is used for adsorbing an inlet of a regenerative vacuum pump, and the other path is used for treating a main waste gas inlet of the system.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon-containing waste gas is recovered by: the inlet of the adsorption regeneration vacuum pump is provided with two pipelines, an adsorption regeneration pipeline and a membrane component concentration pipeline, the two pipelines are respectively provided with a gas quantity control regulating valve, and the adsorption regeneration gas quantity, the membrane component concentration gas quantity and the vacuum degree of the inlet of the vacuum pump are flexibly controlled through the regulating valves.
3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrocarbon-containing waste gas is recovered by: the membrane module concentration pipeline is provided with two branch pipelines, and the two pipelines are respectively provided with a control regulating valve, so that the flow direction and the gas quantity of the membrane module concentrated gas can be flexibly controlled through different opening degrees of the two regulating valves.
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| CN107854955B true CN107854955B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
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| CN109173582A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽节源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of processing system of sludge foul gas |
| CN112275089A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-29 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Effluent disposal polluted gas purification system |
| CN115193086B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-06-23 | 山东蓝湾新材料有限公司 | Methane chloride separation and recovery system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204107268U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device for recovering oil and gas |
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| CN101642659A (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2010-02-10 | 江苏三星化工有限公司 | Oil gas recovery device and method by membrane and adsorption combined process |
| CN204502711U (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-07-29 | 大连欧科膜技术工程有限公司 | Embrane method combination gas recovery system for oil |
| CN106139630A (en) * | 2015-04-12 | 2016-11-23 | 山西汾西机电有限公司 | A kind of composite algorithm petroleum vapor recovery processing method |
| JP6577339B2 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2019-09-18 | 高砂熱学工業株式会社 | VOC processing system and method |
| CN205730434U (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-11-30 | 江苏金门能源装备有限公司 | A kind of novel collection olefiant gas degree of depth reclaims and emission control system |
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| CN204107268U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device for recovering oil and gas |
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