CN107841635A - A kind of friendly process of argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery - Google Patents

A kind of friendly process of argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107841635A
CN107841635A CN201711104014.8A CN201711104014A CN107841635A CN 107841635 A CN107841635 A CN 107841635A CN 201711104014 A CN201711104014 A CN 201711104014A CN 107841635 A CN107841635 A CN 107841635A
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China
Prior art keywords
silver
colored
friendly process
catalyst
leaching
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CN201711104014.8A
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Inventor
夏军
索永喜
郭福田
易翔
李波
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Xuzhou Hootech New Materials Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Xuzhou Hootech New Materials Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C22B11/042Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
    • C22B11/048Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from spent catalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of friendly process for handling argentiferous dead catalyst, belongs to recovery technology field;Using a kind of argentiferous dead catalyst as raw material, insoluble silver therein is first reduced to silver soluble, then with dust technology and M preparations Selectively leaching silver, silver is set to be transferred to solution, separated with undissolved carrier, carrier is not destroyed, once purged to return factory's reuse or utilized as aluminium silicon resource;Liquid adds the heavy silver of hydrochloric acid after leaching, and silver is converted into silver nitride precipitation, and the silver-colored mother liquor that sinks returns to leaching after processing and recycled;Precipitate it is scrubbed after reduced to obtain pure sponge silver in the basic conditions with hydrogen peroxide;Reduction tail washings obtains sodium chloride product after multiple-effect evaporation.The silver-colored high income of the present invention, exhaust gas production is few, and reagent consumption is reduced, and cost recovery is low, and comprehensive resource utilization rate is high, non-wastewater discharge, is truly realized the purpose of pollution-free synthetical recovery, is a kind of new green environment protection metallurgical technology.

Description

A kind of friendly process of argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical industry recovery technology field, is related to a kind of friendly process of argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery.
Background technology
Silver catalyst is one of important petrochemical catalyst, with industrial expansion, the shortage of resource, dead catalyst Secondary resource of the middle silver as preciousness, there is very big recovery value.
The carrier of silver catalyst is mainly the method for aluminum oxide or silica, at present domestic recovery argentiferous dead catalyst, greatly More recovery silver therein, and wherein carrier is not utilized.And the method for reclaiming silver, typically there are two kinds of pyrogenic process or wet method, The usual high energy consumption of pyrogenic process, pollution is big, the rate of recovery is low, so at present use wet method more.Wet method is mostly first will using appropriate method Silver-colored dissolution, is transferred in solution from solid-state, then extracts again.The dissolving method of usual argentiferous dead catalyst has sulfuric acid high pressure dissolution method With nitric acid dissolution method.Sulfuric acid high pressure dissolution method is high to equipment requirement, and base metal sulphates content is high in solution, is unfavorable for follow-up Silver-colored recovery in solution;Nitric acid dissolution method is that the common method of silver is dissolved from argentiferous dead catalyst, and solvability is strong, leaching rate Height, but dissolving can produce substantial amounts of oxides of nitrogen gas, and operating environment is poor.It is and main for the method for elemental silver from silver ion reduction Reducing process, the most common method of domestic reduction silver is ammonia-hydrazine reducing process at present, i.e., by silver chlorate with ammoniacal liquor adjust pH value to It is silver-colored with hydrazine hydrate reduction after alkalescence, and ammonia-hydrazine reducing process introduces NH4 +, problem be present in wastewater treatment.
The Exemplary patents CN 19979961A of presently relevant argentiferous waste catalyst recovery disclose a kind of from the useless catalysis of argentiferous The method of electrodeposition recovery silver, is leached to obtain silver nitrate solution with concentrated nitric acid, is filtered by precision filtration equipment in agent, obtained filter Liquid passes through the swirl flow electrolytic deposition desilverization, and obtained silver powder is collected into trap by the collector of bottom, with pure water, Dry, founding obtains the silver that purity is 99.99%, the rate of recovery 98.8%.The advantages of method is that obtained silver purity is high, The rate of recovery is high, and shortcoming is that concentrated nitric acid produces substantial amounts of nitrogen dioxide waste gas, environmental pollution weight when leaching.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to leach that nitrogen oxides is more, reagent disappears for existing argentiferous waste catalyst recovery technique is existing Consumption is big, high energy consumption, the shortcomings of waste liquid is more, pollution is heavy, silver raising recovery rate is low, carrier does not reclaim, there is provided a kind of silver-colored spent catalyst is comprehensive The friendly process of recovery is closed, present invention process is simple, pollution is small, cost is low, high income and noble silver, carrier, waste water obtain It is green with comprehensive utilization.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of green work of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery Skill, using a kind of argentiferous dead catalyst as raw material, under certain condition, insoluble silver therein is first reduced to silver soluble, so Afterwards with dust technology and M preparations Selectively leaching silver, silver is transferred to solution, separated with undissolved carrier, carrier is not destroyed, warp Clean Hou Fan factory's reuses or utilized as aluminium silicon resource;Liquid adds the heavy silver of hydrochloric acid after leaching, and silver is converted into silver nitride precipitation, sinks silver-colored Mother liquor returns to leaching after processing and recycled;Precipitate it is scrubbed after reduced to obtain pure sponge in the basic conditions with hydrogen peroxide Silver;Reduction tail washings obtains sodium chloride product after multiple-effect evaporation;Specifically include following steps:
(1) silver-colored spent catalyst is subjected to reduction treatment, insoluble silver therein is reduced to silver soluble, reduced Silver catalyst afterwards;
(2) to the leachate Selectively leaching silver of the silver-containing catalyst after reduction, silver is made to be transferred to solution;
(3) the heavy silver of leachate, silver are converted into silver nitride precipitation, and the silver-colored mother liquor that sinks returns to leaching after processing and recycled;Chlorine Change silver-colored refining reduction, silver nitride precipitation is filtered, adjusts pH to alkalescence with sodium hydroxide after washing, is then reduced with hydrogen peroxide, Generate pure silver powder product.
Preferably, the step (1) by insoluble silver chlorate be converted into silver reaction condition be:Raw material weight proportioning of soup processed is: Silver-colored spent catalyst:Water:Reducing agent=1:(1~2):(0.001~0.002), wherein, reducing agent is formic acid or hydrazine hydrate, instead Answer 50~70 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 0.5h.
Preferably, the liquid-solid ratio of the Leach reaction of the step (2) is 1:1, " liquid " refers to leachate, dust technology and M preparations Mixture, " Gu " refer to silver-colored spent catalyst, Leach reaction is carried out at normal temperatures, and the reaction time is 0.5~1h, dust technology and M The proportioning of preparation is 1:(0.3~0.7);The M preparations be at 0~30 DEG C, under 0~0.4MPa, the oxide or salt of iron with Oxidant is by weight 1:100~200 are formulated mixture.
Preferably, the leaching in the step (2), leachate is gone out under by circulating sprayer it is enterprising by the way of Circulation spraying is carried out, caused nitrogen oxides is preferably adsorbed by M preparations and resolves into nitrogen and oxygen during making, and solution follows Circular rector is 0.1~0.2 times of liquor capacity/min.
Preferably, the oxidant in the M preparations is hydrogen peroxide or Ozone Water.
Preferably, the precipitating reagent of heavy silver is using hydrochloric acid, the heavy silver-colored mother liquid disposal in the step (3):Heavy silver Return to leach after mother liquor, soluble silver salt, the allotment of M preparations and recycle, heavy silver-colored mother liquor, soluble silver salt, M weight of formulation proportioning For 1:0.003:(0.1~0.5).
Preferably, the refining reduction condition of silver chlorate is controlled 10~14 for pH value in the step (3), and reduction temperature exists 60~80 DEG C, reduction silver powder purity is more than more than 99.95%.
Preferably, the tail washings after the silver chlorate refining reduction is sodium chloride crystal through multiple-effect evaporation condensing crystallizing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
First, the participation of M preparations of the present invention, during making caused nitrogen oxides adsorbed rapidly and resolve into nitrogen and Oxygen, the effusion of system nitrogen oxides is avoided, reduce exhaust gas production from source, it is environmentally friendly;Meanwhile M preparations Participate in, accelerate reaction process, shorten the reaction time, reaction can be carried out at normal temperatures.
Second, liquid circulating leaching after the heavy silver of leachate, nitron consumption reduces more than 40%, realizes production process and subtract Quantify;Sodium chloride product, non-wastewater discharge is made in reduction tail washings;Leaching process is circulated using solution, makes nitrogen oxide absorbent point Solution is more thorough, and does not destroy carrier, carrier can reuse or as bauxite resource utilize, reduce waste sludge discharge.
3rd, whole technique is carried out under the conditions of totally-enclosed, and flow is succinct, science, and production cost is low, and silver raising recovery rate is high, The purpose of pollution-free synthetical recovery is truly realized, is a kind of new green environment protection metallurgical technology.
4th, the present invention not only discharge by extract technology nitrogenfree oxide, and reducing process produces without waste water, and middle interstitial fluid can follow Ring uses, and the few cost of reagent dosage is low, and silver raising recovery rate is high, and carrier, waste water, which are obtained for, to be made full use of, and energy consumption is low, environment-friendly.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the method for conventional method and the present invention is contrasted, and the present invention is retouched State, it is necessary to illustrate, these embodiments are only descriptive, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1 (conventional method)
(1) take certain argentiferous dead catalyst 1000g to be put into 2000mL reactor (raw material argentiferous 11.5%), add and prepare Good 2.0mol/L salpeter solution 1500mL, reactor top have slight tobacco to occur, 60~80 DEG C of controlling reaction temperature, leaching Go out to react 45min, pour out leachate;The 2.0mol/L prepared salpeter solution 1000mL is added, second is carried out and leaches, 60~80 DEG C of controlling reaction temperature, Leach reaction 30min, pours out leachate, and two-stage leaching liquid is merged and filtered, and by insoluble load Body is washed with water to neutrality, and wash water merges mixing with leachate, and it is 37.40g/L to survey silver concentration in solution, and overall solution volume is 3000L, silver leaching rate 97.57%, it is 3073ppm to detect silver content in carrier;
(2) above-mentioned filtrate is generated into silver nitride precipitation, precipitation filtering, washing with the heavy silver of hydrochloric acid, silver;
(3) silver chlorate ammoniacal liquor-hydrazine hydrate reduction after washing, it is silver powder to silver-colored Restore All, filtered, washing is dried It is dry to obtain silver powder 111.68g, silver powder purity 99.96%, silver raising recovery rate 97.11%.
Embodiment 2 (the inventive method)
(1) take certain argentiferous dead catalyst 1000g to be put into 2000mL reactor (raw material argentiferous 11.5%), add and prepare Good reducing solution 1500mL, 60 DEG C of circular response 30min, stop heating, extract supernatant out after static clarification;
(2) 2.0mol/L prepared salpeter solution 1000mL is added, is uniformly slowly added to M catalyst at room temperature, and Go out under it is enterprising by the way of circulating leaching liquid, whole course of reaction without tobacco generate, Leach reaction 30min, leachate is fallen Go out, and insoluble slag is washed with water to neutrality, wash water merges mixing with leachate, and it is 57.26g/L to survey silver concentration in solution, solution Cumulative volume is 2000mL, and silver leaching rate 99.58%, it is 499.8ppm to detect silver content in carrier;
(2) above-mentioned filtrate is generated into silver nitride precipitation, precipitation filtering, washing with the heavy silver of hydrochloric acid, silver;
(3) silver chlorate after washing adjusts pH value to 10~14 with sodium hydroxide, is slowly added to hydrogen peroxide, extremely silver is whole also Originally it was silver powder, filtered, washing and drying obtains silver powder 113.98g, silver powder purity 99.96%, the rate of recovery 99.11%;
(4) sodium chloride 61.54g is obtained after evaporation and concentration to reduction tail washings.
Embodiment 3 (the inventive method)
(1) by argentiferous dead catalyst, (carrier is α-Al2O3) 3000 grams (argentiferous 11.5wt%), it is divided into 3 parts, every part 1000 Gram, numbering is 1#, 2#, 3# respectively, is separately added into reducing solution 1500mL, the 60 DEG C of circular response 30min prepared, stops adding Heat, supernatant is extracted out after static clarification;
(2) it is uniformly slow at room temperature to the salpeter solution 1000mL of addition 2.0mol/L in the 1# reactors after the completion of reduction It is slow to add M catalyst, and go out under usinging it is enterprising by the way of circulating leaching liquid, whole course of reaction is without tobacco generation, Leach reaction 30min, silver are transferred to solution, obtain argentiferous leachate, are extracted out after standing clarification, and insoluble slag is washed with water to neutrality, wash water with Leachate, which merges, to be mixed;
(3) the heavy silver processing of argentiferous leachate progress hydrochloric acid to obtaining, obtains silver salt and heavy silver-colored mother liquor;
(4) it is used to carry out leaching process to 2# after heavy silver-colored mother liquor is handled;
(5) aforesaid operations are repeated, 2#, 3# after reduction treatment are leached respectively successively, heavy silver processing, leaching process It is middle to supplement appropriate salpeter solution to process ratio.Treat that 1~3# materials leach, after the completion of heavy silver, solution total amount is 4000mL, entirely Process consumption 2.0mol/L nitric acid total amount is 1780mL;
(6) 1#~3# materials are leached, the carrier merging mixing that washing post processing obtains, sampling detection, silver contains in carrier Measure as 167.6ppm;The total leaching rate of 1#~3# materials is 99.87%
(7) above-mentioned all silver salt are merged and carries out reduction treatment, adjusted pH value to 10~14 with sodium hydroxide, be slowly added to Hydrogen peroxide, is silver powder to silver-colored Restore All, and filtered, washing and drying obtains silver powder 342.65g, silver powder purity 99.96%, recovery Rate 99.32%;
(8) sodium chloride 185.18g is obtained after evaporation and concentration to last reduction tail washings.
Three kinds of embodiments leach and recovery Comparative result table

Claims (8)

1. a kind of friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery, it is characterised in that including lower step:
(1)Silver-colored spent catalyst is subjected to reduction treatment, insoluble silver therein is reduced to silver soluble, after being reduced Silver-containing catalyst;
(2)To the leachate Selectively leaching silver of the silver-containing catalyst after reduction, silver is set to be transferred to solution;
(3)The heavy silver of leachate, silver are converted into silver nitride precipitation, and the silver-colored mother liquor that sinks returns to leaching after processing and recycled;Silver chlorate Refining reduction, silver nitride precipitation is filtered, adjusts pH to alkalescence with sodium hydroxide after washing, is then reduced, generated with hydrogen peroxide Pure silver powder product.
2. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (1)Insoluble silver chlorate is converted into silver-colored reaction condition is:Raw material weight proportioning of soup processed is:Silver-colored spent catalyst:Water:Reducing agent= 1:(1~2):(0.001~0.002), wherein, reducing agent is formic acid or hydrazine hydrate, 50 ~ 70 DEG C of reaction temperature, and the reaction time is 0.5h。
3. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (2)Leach reaction liquid-solid ratio be 1:1, " liquid " refers to leachate, is the mixture of dust technology and M preparations, " Gu " refer to silver-colored failure Catalyst, Leach reaction are carried out at normal temperatures, and the reaction time is 0.5 ~ 1h, dust technology:The proportioning of M preparations is 1:(0.3~0.7); The M preparations are at 0 ~ 30 DEG C, and under 0 ~ 0.4MPa, the oxide or salt and oxidant of iron are by weight 1:100 ~ 200 prepare And resulting mixture.
4. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step (2)In leaching, leachate is gone out under by circulating sprayer it is enterprising by the way of carry out circulation spraying, produced during making Raw nitrogen oxides is adsorbed by M preparations and resolves into nitrogen and oxygen, and solution internal circulating load is 0.1 ~ 0.2 times of liquor capacity/min.
5. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the M preparations In oxidant be hydrogen peroxide or Ozone Water.
6. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3)In sink silver precipitating reagent be using hydrochloric acid, the heavy silver-colored mother liquid disposal:Heavy silver-colored mother liquor, soluble silver salt, M preparations are adjusted Return to leach after matching somebody with somebody and recycle, heavy silver-colored mother liquor, soluble silver salt, M weight of formulation proportioning are 1:0.003:(0.1~0.5).
7. the friendly process of silver-colored spent catalyst synthetical recovery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3)The refining reduction condition of middle silver chlorate is that pH value is controlled 10 ~ 14, and at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, reduction silver powder purity is more than reduction temperature More than 99.95%.
8. according to the friendly process of claim 1 argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery, it is characterised in that the silver chlorate refining is also Tail washings after original is sodium chloride crystal through multiple-effect evaporation condensing crystallizing.
CN201711104014.8A 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 A kind of friendly process of argentiferous dead catalyst synthetical recovery Pending CN107841635A (en)

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Cited By (9)

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CN108588429A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 贵研资源(易门)有限公司 The method that gold and silver is recycled from sandblasting waste material and failure silver catalyst for ethylene oxide
CN109516599A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 河北德龙环境工程股份有限公司 The polymorphic silver separation sub-prime device of one kind and sewage water treatment method
CN110735041A (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-01-31 广西银亿高新技术研发有限公司 process method for leaching insoluble metal waste by cyclic catalytic oxidation acid leaching
CN111321307A (en) * 2020-03-07 2020-06-23 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 Process for efficiently recovering palladium from palladium-containing waste catalyst
CN111364060A (en) * 2020-04-07 2020-07-03 昆明寰世科技开发有限公司 Method for producing pure silver and co-producing metal aluminum from waste silver catalyst with alumina as carrier
CN113308609A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-27 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 Method for clean recovery and resource utilization of spent silver-containing waste catalyst
CN114807605A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-29 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for updating silver electrolyte by hydrogen peroxide
CN115747503A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-03-07 江苏电科环保有限公司 Improved recovery method of waste film
CN115852158A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-03-28 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 Method for recovering silver from silver-containing waste catalyst

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108588429A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 贵研资源(易门)有限公司 The method that gold and silver is recycled from sandblasting waste material and failure silver catalyst for ethylene oxide
CN109516599A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-26 河北德龙环境工程股份有限公司 The polymorphic silver separation sub-prime device of one kind and sewage water treatment method
CN110735041A (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-01-31 广西银亿高新技术研发有限公司 process method for leaching insoluble metal waste by cyclic catalytic oxidation acid leaching
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CN111364060A (en) * 2020-04-07 2020-07-03 昆明寰世科技开发有限公司 Method for producing pure silver and co-producing metal aluminum from waste silver catalyst with alumina as carrier
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CN114807605A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-29 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for updating silver electrolyte by hydrogen peroxide
CN114807605B (en) * 2022-03-09 2024-03-01 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for updating silver electrolyte by hydrogen peroxide
CN115852158A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-03-28 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 Method for recovering silver from silver-containing waste catalyst
CN115747503A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-03-07 江苏电科环保有限公司 Improved recovery method of waste film
CN115747503B (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-12-15 江苏电科环保有限公司 Improved recovery method of waste film

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