CN107841107A - Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107841107A
CN107841107A CN201610834263.1A CN201610834263A CN107841107A CN 107841107 A CN107841107 A CN 107841107A CN 201610834263 A CN201610834263 A CN 201610834263A CN 107841107 A CN107841107 A CN 107841107A
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Prior art keywords
parts
heat
lactic acid
composite material
resistant fireproof
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CN201610834263.1A
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Inventor
郑锦华
白文科
陈晓堂
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Henan World Intellectual Property Operation Co Ltd
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Henan World Intellectual Property Operation Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610834263.1A priority Critical patent/CN107841107A/en
Publication of CN107841107A publication Critical patent/CN107841107A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003Additives being defined by their diameter
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002Physical properties
    • C08K2201/006Additives being defined by their surface area
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011Nanostructured additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, it is characterised in that it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:50~100 parts of PLA, 8~16 parts of chitosan, 2~8 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 5~14 parts of carbon fiber, 8~14 parts of glass fibre, 5~10 parts of calcined kaolin, 1~5 part of Ludox, 10~18 parts of expanded graphite, 2~6 parts of attapulgite, 1~5 part of four glycidyl amine of MDA, 1~3 part of silane coupler;Wherein, the specific surface area of the graphene nanometer sheet reaches 80~100m2/ g, and treated by the glycidyl amine of MDA four.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material.Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of excellent fire-retardancy, excellent toughness, resistance to elevated temperatures are good, comprehensive mechanical intensity is high.

Description

Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lactic acid composite material, and in particular to a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material and its Preparation method.
Background technology
PLA(English abbreviation:PLA)It is a kind of thermoplastic aliphatic's polyester, produces the lactic acid and third required for PLA Lactide can be fermented by renewable resource, be dehydrated, be obtained after purification, resulting PLA typically have good machinery and Processing characteristics, and poly-lactic acid products it is discarded after can be that one kind possesses good performance by various mode fast degradations Green plastic.But PLA material is more crisp in itself, and heat resistance is poor, and this significantly limit its application.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is a kind of good, comprehensive with excellent fire-retardancy, excellent toughness, resistance to elevated temperatures it is necessory to provide Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material of high mechanical strength and preparation method thereof, to solve the above problems.
The present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:PLA 50~100 parts, 8~16 parts of chitosan, 2~8 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 5~14 parts of carbon fiber, 8~14 parts of glass fibre, calcining 5~10 parts of kaolin, 1~5 part of Ludox, 10~18 parts of expanded graphite, 2~6 parts of attapulgite, MDA four contract 1~5 part of water glyceramine, 1~3 part of silane coupler;Wherein, the specific surface area of the graphene nanometer sheet reaches 80~100m2/ G, and treated by the glycidyl amine of MDA four.
Based on above-mentioned, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:70~90 parts of PLA, 10~14 parts of chitosan, graphite It is 3~6 parts of alkene nanometer sheet, 7~11 parts of carbon fiber, 9~12 parts of glass fibre, 6~9 parts of calcined kaolin, 2~4 parts of Ludox, swollen Swollen 12~16 parts of graphite, 3~5 parts of attapulgite, 2~4 parts of four glycidyl amine of MDA, silane coupler 1~3 Part.
Based on above-mentioned, the silane coupler is Silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupler KH560, silane coupler KH570 or silane coupler KH792.
Based on above-mentioned, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 100,000~800,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C.
Based on above-mentioned, the carbon fiber is treated through silane coupler.
Based on above-mentioned, the glass fibre is treated through silane coupler.
Wherein, the particle diameter of the silicon dioxide granule in the Ludox is 580nm, and the content of silicon dioxide granule is 20%~30%.
Based on above-mentioned, the particle diameter of the calcined kaolin is less than 40 μm.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, specific preparation method step It is rapid as follows:
(1)The processing of graphene nanometer sheet
Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation is held It is continuous 1~3 hour, the rpm of rotating speed 500~1500, after being well mixed, it is positioned in drying oven, temperature control is at 45 DEG C~55 DEG C Persistently dry 6 hours, obtain the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, in three-roll grinder grind 20~ 30 min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler, Ludox, expansion stone Ink, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 10~30, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
Compared with prior art, heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material provided by the invention has advantages below:First, The graphene nanometer sheet of the glycidyl amine of MDA four surface treatment is prepared using solution blended process, stone can be made Black alkene nanometer sheet has good compatibility with matrix resin;Secondly, the glycidyl amine of MDA four possesses larger Relative molecular mass, but show very low viscosity, thus be used to reduce polymer melt viscosity, improve polymer Fluidity of molten;In addition, having active hydroxyl and amino in chitosan macromolecular, they have stronger chemical reaction ability, By producing interaction with other radical reactions or with matrix, toughening effect is splendid;The addition of calcined kaolin can then carry The mechanical strength of high polymer;Ludox can increase the heat resistance and intensity of polymer;Expanded graphite is expansion type flame-retarding The phyllosilicate nano material compositional flame-retardant such as agent and attapulgite, kaolin, it can be formed in matrix surface continuous and fine and close Layer of charcoal, and will not produce and melt drop;Graphene has the advantages that high temperature resistant, excellent pliability and high intensity;Therefore, this hair The heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material of bright offer has that excellent fire-retardancy, excellent toughness, resistance to elevated temperatures be good, integrated machine The advantages that tool intensity is high.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:It is poly- 50 parts of lactic acid, 8 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 5 parts of carbon fiber, 8 parts of glass fibre, 5 parts of calcined kaolin, Ludox 1 part, 10 parts of expanded graphite, 2 parts of attapulgite, 1 part of four glycidyl amine of MDA and Silane coupling agent KH550 1 Part;Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 100,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C;Carbon fiber and glass fibre are all by silane What coupling agent KH550 was treated.
The preparation method for the above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 1 hour, the rpm of rotating speed 700, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control 45 DEG C persistently drying it is 6 small When, the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification is obtained, and its specific surface area reaches 86 m2/g;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, 20 are ground in three-roll grinder Min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, Silane coupling agent KH550, Ludox, swollen Swollen graphite, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 10, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:It is poly- 70 parts of lactic acid, 10 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 7 parts of carbon fiber, 9 parts of glass fibre, 7 parts of calcined kaolin, silicon are molten 2 parts of glue, 12 parts of expanded graphite, 3 parts of attapulgite, 2 parts of four glycidyl amine of MDA, silane coupler KH560 2 parts;Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 300,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C;Carbon fiber and glass fibre are all by silane What coupling agent KH560 was treated.
The preparation method for the above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 2 hours, the rpm of rotating speed 800, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control 50 DEG C persistently drying it is 6 small When, the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification is obtained, and its specific surface area reaches 92 m2/g;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, 20 are ground in three-roll grinder Min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler KH560, Ludox, swollen Swollen graphite, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 15, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:It is poly- 80 parts of lactic acid, 12 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 9 parts of carbon fiber, 11 parts of glass fibre, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, silicon are molten 3 parts of glue, 14 parts of expanded graphite, 3 parts of attapulgite, 4 parts of four glycidyl amine of MDA, silane coupler KH570 2 parts;Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 500,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C;Carbon fiber and glass fibre are all by silane What coupling agent KH570 was treated.
The preparation method for the above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 2 hours, the rpm of rotating speed 1000, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control 50 DEG C persistently drying it is 6 small When, the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification is obtained, and its specific surface area reaches 99 m2/g;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, 25 are ground in three-roll grinder Min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler KH570, Ludox, swollen Swollen graphite, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 20, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:It is poly- 90 parts of lactic acid, 14 parts of chitosan, 6 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 11 parts of carbon fiber, 12 parts of glass fibre, 9 parts of calcined kaolin, silicon 4 parts of colloidal sol, 16 parts of expanded graphite, 4 parts of attapulgite, 4 parts of four glycidyl amine of MDA, silane coupler 3 parts of KH792;Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 700,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C;Carbon fiber and glass fibre be all through Cross what silane coupler KH792 was treated.
The preparation method for the above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 2 hours, the rpm of rotating speed 1100, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control 50 DEG C persistently drying it is 6 small When, the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification is obtained, and its specific surface area reaches 89 m2/g;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, 30 are ground in three-roll grinder Min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler KH792, Ludox, swollen Swollen graphite, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 25, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:It is poly- 100 parts of lactic acid, 16 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 14 parts of carbon fiber, 14 parts of glass fibre, 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of Ludox, 18 parts of expanded graphite, 5 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of four glycidyl amine of MDA, silane coupler 3 parts of KH560;Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the PLA is 800,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C;Carbon fiber and glass fibre be all through Cross what silane coupler KH560 was treated.
The preparation method for the above-mentioned heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that the present embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 3 hours, the rpm of rotating speed 1400, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control 55 DEG C persistently drying it is 6 small When, the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification is obtained, and its specific surface area reaches 93 m2/g;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, 30 are ground in three-roll grinder Min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler KH560, Ludox, swollen Swollen graphite, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 30, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
According to national standard, items are carried out to the heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material that above-described embodiment 1~5 provides It can test, test result is as shown in the table:
Project Tensile strength(MPa) Bending strength(MPa) Unnotched impact strength (KJ/m2) Heat distortion temperature (0.18MPa/ DEG C) Strength retention(%) Oxygen index (OI)
Embodiment 1 91.2 82.7 31.7 83.9 84.5 30
Embodiment 2 95.6 88.4 34.9 87.5 80.1 31
Embodiment 3 119.1 92.2 40.2 90.9 78.8 33
Embodiment 4 117.3 93.3 40.9 89.5 78.4 34
Embodiment 5 107.8 87.9 37.5 86.7 78.7 35
Note:It is strong that strength retention refers to that obtained composite soaks 24 h drying process post-tensioning in 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control Spend the rate of change relative to untreated composite.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof;To the greatest extent The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that:Still The embodiment of the present invention can be modified or equivalent substitution is carried out to some technical characteristics;Without departing from this hair The spirit of bright technical scheme, it all should cover among the claimed technical scheme scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material, it is characterised in that it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:PLA 50~100 parts, 8~16 parts of chitosan, 2~8 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 5~14 parts of carbon fiber, 8~14 parts of glass fibre, calcining 5~10 parts of kaolin, 1~5 part of Ludox, 10~18 parts of expanded graphite, 2~6 parts of attapulgite, MDA four contract 1~5 part of water glyceramine, 1~3 part of silane coupler;Wherein, the specific surface area of the graphene nanometer sheet reaches 80~100m2/ G, and treated by the glycidyl amine of MDA four.
2. heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is by following parts by weight Raw material is made:70~90 parts of PLA, 10~14 parts of chitosan, 3~6 parts of graphene nanometer sheet, 7~11 parts of carbon fiber, glass 9~12 parts of fiber, 6~9 parts of calcined kaolin, 2~4 parts of Ludox, 12~16 parts of expanded graphite, 3~5 parts of attapulgite, two 2~4 parts of four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane, 1~3 part of silane coupler.
3. heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described silane coupled Agent is Silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupler KH560, silane coupler KH570 or silane coupler KH792.
4. heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the PLA Weight average molecular weight is 100,000~800,000, and fusing point is 60 DEG C.
5. heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the carbon fiber and The glass fibre is treated through silane coupler.
6. heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the calcining kaolinite The particle diameter of soil is less than 40 μm.
7. a kind of preparation method of the heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material described in any one of claim 1~6, specific to prepare Method and step is as follows:
(1)Graphene nanometer sheet is positioned in DMF solvent together with the glycidyl amine of MDA four, mechanical agitation Continue 1~3 hour, the rpm of rotating speed 500~1500, after being well mixed, be positioned in drying oven, temperature control is 45 DEG C~55 DEG C persistently dry 6 hours, obtain the graphene nanometer sheet of surface modification;
(2)The graphene nanometer sheet that the surface is modified and PLA mix particles is uniform, in three-roll grinder grind 20~ 30 min, obtain PLA graphene mixture;
(3)By the PLA graphene mixture and chitosan, calcined kaolin, silane coupler, Ludox, expansion stone Ink, attapulgite, the glycidyl amine of MDA four in the min of high-speed mixer and mixing 10~30, mix according to said ratio Added after closing uniformly in the hopper of double screw extruder, by carbon fiber and glass fibre by a certain percentage from double screw extruder Plus added in fine mouth, extruded through melt blending, extruded material dries up pelletizing after cold go, and the poly- breast of the heat-resistant fireproof is made Sour composite.
CN201610834263.1A 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 Heat-resistant fireproof lactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN107841107A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111576089A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-25 泾县艺宣阁宣纸工艺品有限公司 Rice paper for ink-jet printing and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111576089A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-25 泾县艺宣阁宣纸工艺品有限公司 Rice paper for ink-jet printing and preparation method thereof
CN111576089B (en) * 2020-05-06 2021-12-31 泾县艺宣阁宣纸工艺品有限公司 Rice paper for ink-jet printing and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20180327