CN107827248A - 污水处理*** - Google Patents
污水处理*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种污水处理***，包括污水池、降解池、吸收塔、回收池以及析晶单元，其技术要点是：污水池与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与吸收塔II的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与吸收塔III的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔III的顶部排气端与大气相连通，吸收塔I和吸收塔II的底部排液端分别与回收池相连通，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与回收池的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与回收池的顶部进气端相连通，回收池的底部排液端通过析晶单元、泵体II与回收池顶部进液端构成析晶循环。其具有结构简单紧凑、搭建成本低、使用方便、处理效率高、处理效果好等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及工业排放废物的处理设备，具体说是一种污水处理***，其主要适用于有毒、有害、有气味的挥发性有机物（VOCs）的处理。通过对污水池密封后所收集的散发恶臭气体，如氨气、硫化氢等的VOCs进行回收处理，最终达标排放。
背景技术
VOCs的治理是环保工作的重要组成部分，现有方法中往往仅通过生物降解的方法分解其中的有机烃类，其他挥发性气体并未得到有效利用，由此导致不必要的浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种污水处理***，从根本上解决了上述问题，其具有结构简单紧凑、搭建成本低、使用方便、处理效率高、处理效果好等优点。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：该污水处理***包括污水池、降解池、吸收塔、回收池以及析晶单元，其技术要点是：污水池底部的排液端通过泵体I与降解池的顶部进液端相连通，降解池的顶部排气端与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连通；污水池与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与吸收塔II的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与吸收塔III的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔III的顶部排气端与大气相连通，吸收塔I和吸收塔II的底部排液端分别与回收池相连通，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与回收池的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与回收池的顶部进气端相连通，回收池的底部排液端通过析晶单元、泵体II与回收池顶部进液端构成析晶循环；析晶单元包括冷却装置以及过滤网；吸收塔I的顶部进液端与氨水管路相连通，吸收塔II的顶部进液端与氢硫酸管路相连通；吸收塔III内设有若干吸收塔板，塔板由活性炭制成。
本发明还提供了一种污水处理***处理有害物质的方法，其技术要点是，包括以下步骤：
步骤1），将污水池与降解池的排气端通入吸收塔I，吸收塔I顶部喷淋的氨水与挥发气体中的硫化氢中和，反应生成硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液通过吸收塔I底部进入回收池；经碱洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔II，吸收塔II顶部喷淋的氢硫酸与挥发气体中的氨气中和，反应生成硫化铵溶液通过吸收塔II底部进入回收池；经酸洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔III，经活性炭吸附后排放至大气中；
步骤2），污水池的污水泵入降解池，在降解池内通过微生物将长链烃类降解成二氧化碳和水，二氧化碳进入挥发气体吸收循环；降解池的pH为5~8.5，温度为15~40℃；
步骤3），通过将吸收塔I顶部排气端的氨气通入回收池中，调节回收池中的硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液的pH至6~8；
步骤4），将回收池底部的溶液通入析晶单元中，依次经过降温，结晶析出，滤网过滤结晶的过程，最后将析晶后的混合溶液通过泵体II泵回回收池中。
本发明的有益积效果：通过将硫化铵生产工艺与污水处理工艺结合，以极低的成本即实现了废气废水的有效处理，变废为宝，最终生成硫化铵粗品，以便于后续加工。整个吸收降解过程，采用循环吸收处理，将吸附的废气作为生产原料直接使用，并通过在回收池调pH的方式有效避免了反应的逆向进行，避免了硫化氢气体的二次生成。通过析晶单元大量析出硫化铵晶体。从而有效降低污水处理过程中产生的大量挥发性有机气体的排放，以减少对社会环境以及人员造成的危害。同时，降解池中的微生物将有机烃类分解成无害的二氧化碳和水，后直接进入吸附循环，有助于将整个***设置成全封闭生产回收***，从而进一步避免了有毒有害气体的挥发。
综上所述，本发明集化学洗涤、生物降解、活性炭吸附等方法于一体，具有监测控制集中、减除效果明显、去除效率高等优点；同时***一次性投资适中、运行费用较低、***运行不产生二次污染等特点。复合式的工艺设计，使处理装置可有效应对现场破坏性工况的危害，为***运行提供了抗冲击能力，能够有效应对现场复杂气体工况，使得***处理污染气体的范围更广，运行更稳定，即使出现流量和浓度的较大波动，也能保证有较为理想的去除效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的***结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合图1，通过具体实施例详细说明本发明的具体内容。该污水处理***包括污水池、降解池、吸收塔、回收池以及析晶单元。其中，污水池底部的排液端通过泵体I与降解池的顶部进液端相连通，降解池的顶部排气端与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连通。污水池与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与吸收塔II的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与吸收塔III的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔III的顶部排气端与大气相连通，吸收塔I和吸收塔II的底部排液端分别与回收池相连通，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与回收池的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与回收池的顶部进气端相连通，回收池的底部排液端通过析晶单元、泵体II与回收池顶部进液端构成析晶循环。析晶单元包括冷却装置以及过滤网；吸收塔I的顶部进液端与氨水管路相连通，吸收塔II的顶部进液端与氢硫酸管路相连通。吸收塔III内设有若干吸收塔板，塔板由活性炭制成。
降解池由壳体、支架、气体分布器、循环洗涤装置、填料、滴滤池、保温组件等组成。降解池采用污水场本地菌驯化，对提高烃类物质的降解效率很有作用，并定期投加营养源和菌剂。部分挥发性气体进入降解池，被微生物降解，达到处理要求。未被捕捉的挥发性气体吸收塔进行后续处理。
通过上述污水处理***处理有害物质的方法，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤1），将污水池与降解池的排气端通入吸收塔I，吸收塔I顶部喷淋的氨水与挥发气体中的硫化氢中和，反应生成硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液通过吸收塔I底部进入回收池；经碱洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔II，吸收塔II顶部喷淋的氢硫酸与挥发气体中的氨气中和，反应生成硫化铵溶液通过吸收塔II底部进入回收池；经酸洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔III，经活性炭吸附后排放至大气中；酸碱气体在通过吸收塔I和吸收塔II的过程中被填料层或逆向喷淋液充分接触中和生成硫化铵或硫化氢铵。
步骤2），污水池的污水泵入降解池，在降解池内通过微生物将长链烃类降解成二氧化碳和水，二氧化碳进入挥发气体吸收循环；降解池的pH为5~8.5，温度为15~40℃；
步骤3），通过将吸收塔I顶部排气端的氨气通入回收池中，调节回收池中的硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液的pH至6~8；
步骤4），将回收池底部的溶液通入析晶单元中，依次经过降温，结晶析出，滤网过滤结晶的过程，最后将析晶后的混合溶液通过泵体II泵回回收池中。由此，即可实现污水处理***产生的有害气体无害化处理。
Claims (2)
1.一种污水处理***，包括污水池、降解池、吸收塔、回收池以及析晶单元，其特征在于：污水池底部的排液端通过泵体I与降解池的顶部进液端相连通，降解池的顶部排气端与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连通；污水池与吸收塔I的底部进气端相连，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与吸收塔II的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与吸收塔III的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔III的顶部排气端与大气相连通，吸收塔I和吸收塔II的底部排液端分别与回收池相连通，吸收塔I的顶部排气端与回收池的底部进气端相连通，吸收塔II的顶部排气端与回收池的顶部进气端相连通，回收池的底部排液端通过析晶单元、泵体II与回收池顶部进液端构成析晶循环；析晶单元包括冷却装置以及过滤网；吸收塔I的顶部进液端与氨水管路相连通，吸收塔II的顶部进液端与氢硫酸管路相连通；吸收塔III内设有若干吸收塔板，塔板由活性炭制成。
2.一种通过权利要求1所述的污水处理***处理有害物质的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1），将污水池与降解池的排气端通入吸收塔I，吸收塔I顶部喷淋的氨水与挥发气体中的硫化氢中和，反应生成硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液通过吸收塔I底部进入回收池；经碱洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔II，吸收塔II顶部喷淋的氢硫酸与挥发气体中的氨气中和，反应生成硫化铵溶液通过吸收塔II底部进入回收池；经酸洗后的挥发气体进入吸收塔III，经活性炭吸附后排放至大气中；
步骤2），污水池的污水泵入降解池，在降解池内通过微生物将长链烃类降解成二氧化碳和水，二氧化碳进入挥发气体吸收循环；降解池的pH为5~8.5，温度为15~40℃；
步骤3），通过将吸收塔I顶部排气端的氨气通入回收池中，调节回收池中的硫化铵和硫化氢铵的混合物溶液的pH至6~8；
步骤4），将回收池底部的溶液通入析晶单元中，依次经过降温，结晶析出，滤网过滤结晶的过程，最后将析晶后的混合溶液通过泵体II泵回回收池中。
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