CN107823909B - Reboiler for distillation tower - Google Patents

Reboiler for distillation tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107823909B
CN107823909B CN201710992128.4A CN201710992128A CN107823909B CN 107823909 B CN107823909 B CN 107823909B CN 201710992128 A CN201710992128 A CN 201710992128A CN 107823909 B CN107823909 B CN 107823909B
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China
Prior art keywords
tube
reboiler
shell
heat exchange
distillation column
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CN201710992128.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107823909A (en
Inventor
王宁
徐启飞
范文斌
陈辉
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Jiangsu Jiangguo Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
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Jiangsu Jiangguo Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D3/00Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/32Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B01D3/322Reboiler specifications

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a reboiler for a distillation column, which comprises a shell, a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet which are arranged on the shell, an upper tube box and a lower tube box which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, a tube side outlet which is arranged on the upper tube box, a tube side inlet which is arranged on the lower tube box, an upper tube plate which is arranged between the upper tube box and the shell, a lower tube plate which is arranged between the lower tube box and the shell, and a heat exchange tube which penetrates between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, wherein the tube side inlet is communicated with a material outlet of the distillation column, the tube side outlet is communicated with a material inlet of the distillation column, and the shell side inlet comprises a plurality of air inlets which are uniformly spaced and are arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the shell. According to the reboiler, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly formed in the periphery of the outer side of the reboiler shell, and the plurality of air inlets are used for simultaneously feeding air, so that the steam travelling path is shortened, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the resistance of steam entering the shell is kept consistent, drift of the steam is prevented, the heat exchange tube is heated more uniformly, and the formation of a heat exchange dead zone is effectively avoided.

Description

Reboiler for distillation tower
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reboiler, in particular to a reboiler for a distillation column.
Background
With the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of national consumption level and demand, in order to pursue the reduction of comprehensive cost, the capacity of a single device and the capacity of a single fine chemical industry are also continuously improved, from 1500 tons to 10 tens of thousands of tons, the capacity of the device is continuously increased at a new height, the capacity of the single device is continuously increased, the performance of production equipment is also subjected to new test, and a reboiler is an indispensable process equipment in an industrial production system.
In the industries of chemical industry, pharmacy, refining and the like, a crude distillation column and a rectifying column are necessary equipment of a synthesizing and separating unit, a reboiler is matched equipment on the crude distillation column and the rectifying column, and the operation condition of the reboiler directly influences the separating effect and the operation life of the crude distillation column and the rectifying column. With the advent of large-scale devices, reboilers matched with a crude distillation column and a rectifying column are continuously enlarged, the heat exchange area is varied from a few square meters to thousands of square meters, and if the reboilers are still designed according to the traditional structure, the difficulty in the aspects of design, material requirements, processing and manufacturing and the like is increased, and the cost and the risk are increased. Because of the limitation of various resources, the reboiling load working condition requirement cannot be met by amplifying the size of a single device alone. In order to solve the problems, the reboiler structure and arrangement scheme are re-considered from multiple aspects, and the structural design is optimized, so that the reboiler can be operated safely and economically.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reboiler for a distillation tower, which can reduce heat exchange dead zones and improve heat exchange efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a reboiler for distillation column, includes the casing, locates shell side import and shell side export on the casing, locate the last tube bank and lower tube bank at both ends about the casing, locate tube side export on the last tube bank, locate tube side import on the lower tube bank, locate go up tube bank with go up the tube sheet between the casing, locate down tube bank with down tube sheet between the casing, wear to locate go up tube sheet with heat exchange tube between the tube sheet down, tube side import with the material export intercommunication of distillation column, tube side export with the material import intercommunication of distillation column, the shell side import include the interval even set up in a plurality of air inlets of casing outside week.
Preferably, the plurality of air inlets are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the housing at uniform intervals.
Preferably, the reboiler further comprises a first liquid level meter arranged on the shell and used for detecting the liquid level in the heat exchange tube.
Preferably, the reboiler further comprises a first pump arranged between the tube side inlet and the material outlet and used for pumping the material into the tube side of the reboiler, and a first driving component used for driving the first pump to work.
Preferably, the reboiler further comprises a drain outlet which is arranged on the upper pipe box and is used for discharging waste liquid, and a flash tank which is communicated with the drain outlet and is used for further treating the waste liquid, and an air outlet of the flash tank is communicated with the distillation tower.
Further preferably, the reboiler further comprises a second pump provided between the flash tank and the distillation column for pumping the gas extracted from the flash tank into the distillation column, and a second driving assembly for driving the second pump to operate.
Further preferably, the reboiler further comprises a second level gauge provided on the flash tank for detecting the liquid level in the flash tank.
Preferably, the plurality of reboilers are provided, and the plurality of reboilers are provided at uniform intervals on the outer peripheral portion of the distillation column.
Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a bright tube.
Preferably, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are respectively provided with a mounting hole for mounting the heat exchange tube, and welding parts for welding two ends of the heat exchange tube on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are arranged in the mounting holes.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the reboiler, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly formed in the periphery of the outer side of the reboiler shell, and the plurality of air inlets are used for simultaneously feeding air, so that the steam travelling path is shortened, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the resistance of steam entering the shell is kept consistent, drift of the steam is prevented, the heat exchange tube is heated more uniformly, and the formation of a heat exchange dead zone is effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reboiler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a welding mode of a heat exchange tube and a tube plate in the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reboiler in the prior art.
Wherein: 101. a distillation column; 102. a material outlet; 103. a material inlet;
1. a housing; 2. a shell side inlet; 3. a shell side outlet; 4. a pipe feeding box; 5. a lower pipe box; 6. a tube side outlet; 7. a tube side inlet; 8. an upper tube sheet; 9. a lower tube sheet; 10. a heat exchange tube; 11. an air inlet; 12. a first level gauge; 13. a first pump; 14. a sewage outlet; 15. a flash tank; 16. a second pump; 17. a second level gauge; 18. a mounting hole; 19. and a welding part.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a reboiler for a distillation column comprises a shell 1, a shell side inlet 2 and a shell side outlet 3 which are arranged on the shell 1, an upper tube box 4 and a lower tube box 5 which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell 1, a tube side outlet 6 which is arranged on the upper tube box 4, a tube side inlet 7 which is arranged on the lower tube box 5, an upper tube plate 8 which is arranged between the upper tube box 4 and the shell 1, a lower tube plate 9 which is arranged between the lower tube box 5 and the shell 1, and a heat exchange tube 10 which penetrates between the upper tube plate 8 and the lower tube plate 9, wherein the tube side inlet 7 is communicated with a material outlet 102 of the distillation column 101, the tube side outlet 6 is communicated with a material inlet 103 of the distillation column 101, and the shell side inlet 2 comprises a plurality of air inlets 11 which are uniformly spaced and are arranged at the periphery of the outer side of the shell 1.
Here, a plurality of air inlets 11 are provided at regular intervals around the outer circumference of the housing 1. The plurality of air inlets 11 are arranged, so that the phenomenon that when the reboiler is large, steam enters the tube bundle uniformly due to only one inlet, tube side materials cannot be heated uniformly, and a heat exchange dead zone is formed, and the evaporation efficiency of the reboiler is low is avoided. The arrangement of the plurality of air inlets 11 greatly shortens the steam travelling path and improves the heat exchange efficiency; meanwhile, the resistance of steam entering the shell is kept consistent, so that bias flow of the steam is prevented, and formation of a heat exchange dead zone is effectively avoided.
The reboiler also comprises a first level gauge 12 provided on the shell 1 for detecting the level of liquid in the heat exchange tube 10. Here, the first liquid level meter 12 is a heat preservation type tube side liquid level detection system, and can detect the vapor-liquid content in the tube side of the reboiler heat exchange tube 10, control the liquid level height in the heat exchange tube 10, and maintain a certain circulation power, thereby forming benign circulation multiplying power and improving evaporation capacity. The heat-preservation type liquid level meter avoids the possibility of error when the temperature is too high or too low, and ensures the accuracy of reading.
The reboiler also comprises a first pump 13 arranged between the tube side inlet 7 and the material outlet 102 and used for pumping the material into the tube side of the reboiler, and a first driving component used for driving the first pump 13 to work. The device also comprises a drain outlet 14 which is arranged on the upper pipe box 4 and is used for discharging waste liquid, and a flash tank 15 which is communicated with the drain outlet 14 and is used for further treating the waste liquid, wherein an air outlet of the flash tank 15 is communicated with the distillation tower 101. And a second pump 16 provided between the flash tank 15 and the distillation column 101 for pumping the gas extracted from the flash tank 15 into the distillation column 101, and a second driving assembly for driving the second pump 16 to operate.
In the working process of the reboiler, materials are continuously evaporated in the tube side of the reboiler, the evaporation surface is positioned at the position of 2/3-4/5 of the upper part of the length of the heat exchange tube, along with the continuous progress of evaporation, the concentration of the materials on the evaporation surface is continuously increased, the vapor-liquid mixture is continuously fluctuated at the position, the continuous work for a long time can lead to continuous adsorption of some impurities on the interface, the scale on the inner wall of the tube is easy to form electrochemical reaction between the scale and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 10, electrochemical corrosion and even leakage occur, and the service life of the reboiler is shortened.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid scaling on the evaporation surface, the service life of the apparatus is prolonged, and as evaporation proceeds, when the material concentration in the heat exchange tube 10 is too high, siphoning of the material becomes difficult, so that the first pump 13 is disposed between the tube side inlet 7 and the material outlet 102, and when the material concentration is too high, the first pump 13 is driven by the first driving assembly to work, so that the high-concentration material is pumped to the upper portion of the upper tube plate 8, scaling and corrosion on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube at the evaporation surface position are avoided, and the service life of the reboiler is prolonged. Meanwhile, a drain outlet 14 is arranged on the upper pipe box 4, so that high-concentration materials with larger impurities leave the reboiler and enter a flash tank 15, useful components to be separated are flashed out in the flash tank 15, useless components are discharged, a second pump 16 is driven by a second driving component, and the flashed useful component gas is pumped into the distillation tower 101 for separation again. Here, the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are both drive motors. A control valve is provided between the second pump 16 and the distillation column 101, and is closed when no flash evaporation is required.
In this embodiment, a drain pipe is provided between the drain 14 and the flash tank 15, and the size of the drain pipe is determined by the tube side flow of the reboiler, and specifically is selected from DN50, DN80, DN100, DN125, DN150, and DN 200. Meanwhile, the reboiler also comprises a second liquid level meter 17 which is arranged on the flash tank 15 and used for detecting the liquid level in the flash tank 15, so that ineffective flash evaporation when the liquid level in the flash tank 15 is too low is avoided.
In this embodiment, a plurality of reboilers are provided, and the plurality of reboilers are provided at uniform intervals on the outer peripheral portion of the distillation column 101. The arrangement of a plurality of reboilers enables the sectional area of a single reboiler to be smaller, the circulation multiplying power in the heat exchange tube 10 is improved, the heat exchange is more uniform, the heat exchange dead zone phenomenon is controlled, the occurrence of the heat exchange dead zone is avoided, and the operation stability of the reboilers is improved; meanwhile, when one reboiler fails, the reboiler can be independently switched to be overhauled, so that the stagnation of the whole system is avoided, and the running cost is saved.
In the present embodiment, the heat exchange tube 10 is a bright tube subjected to an anaerobic treatment. The bright pipe is subjected to anaerobic treatment in the rolling process, no oxide skin falls off, the surface of the bright pipe is smoother and denser, and the bright pipe can be prevented from being damaged by stress corrosion.
The upper tube plate 8 and the lower tube plate 9 are respectively provided with a mounting hole 18 for mounting the heat exchange tube 10, and welding parts 19 for welding two ends of the heat exchange tube 10 on the upper tube plate 8 and the lower tube plate 9 are arranged in the mounting holes 18. In the embodiment, a deep hole welding process is adopted, the welding part 19 is arranged in the mounting hole 18, namely, the welding line is arranged in the mounting hole 18, so that the problem of liquid accumulation of the welding line of the tube plate is thoroughly solved, the service life of the device is prolonged by 1 time compared with the original service life, and the overall manufacturing cost and the cost are relatively reduced.
The working procedure of this embodiment is specifically described below: when the operation starts, the material in the distillation tower 101 enters the tube side inlet 7 of the reboiler from the material outlet at the lower end, then enters the tube side, and simultaneously steam enters the shell side from the plurality of air inlets 11 at the same time, exchanges heat with the material in the tube side, continuously evaporates the material in the tube side, and enters the distillation tower 101 for further fractionation after evaporation. The steam condenses in the shell side, continuously flows down along the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 10, and finally is discharged from the shell side outlet 3.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and to implement the same, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a reboiler for distillation column, includes casing (1), locates shell side import (2) and shell side export (3) on casing (1), locates upper tube case (4) and lower tube case (5) at both ends about casing (1), locate tube side export (6) on upper tube case (4), locate tube side import (7) on lower tube case (5), locate upper tube sheet (8) between upper tube case (4) with casing (1), locate lower tube sheet (9) between lower tube case (5) with casing (1), wear to locate upper tube sheet (8) with heat exchange tube (10) between lower tube sheet (9), tube side import (7) with material export (102) of distillation column (101) communicate, tube side export (6) with material import (103) of distillation column (101), its characterized in that: the shell side inlet (2) comprises a plurality of air inlets (11) which are uniformly spaced and arranged on the outer peripheral part of the shell (1);
the reboiler also comprises a first liquid level meter (12) which is arranged on the shell (1) and used for detecting the liquid level in the heat exchange tube (10);
the reboiler also comprises a first pump (13) arranged between the tube side inlet (7) and the material outlet (102) and used for pumping the material into the tube side of the reboiler, and a first driving component used for driving the first pump (13) to work;
the reboiler also comprises a drain outlet (14) which is arranged on the upper pipe box (4) and is used for discharging waste liquid, a flash tank (15) which is communicated with the drain outlet (14) and is used for further treating the waste liquid, and an air outlet of the flash tank (15) is communicated with the distillation tower (101);
a plurality of reboilers are arranged on the outer peripheral part of the distillation tower (101) at uniform intervals;
the plurality of air inlets (11) are uniformly spaced and annularly arranged on the outer peripheral part of the shell (1);
the reboiler also comprises a second pump (16) arranged between the flash tank (15) and the distillation tower (101) and used for pumping the gas extracted from the flash tank (15) into the distillation tower (101), and a second driving component used for driving the second pump (16) to work;
when the material concentration in the heat exchange tube (10) is too high, the siphoning of the material becomes difficult, so that the first pump (13) is arranged between the tube side inlet (7) and the material outlet (102), when the material concentration is too high, the first pump (13) is driven by the first driving component to work, the high-concentration material is pumped to the upper part of the upper tube plate (8), the scaling and corrosion of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube at the position of the evaporation surface are avoided, and the service life of the reboiler is prolonged; simultaneously, the drain outlet (14) is formed in the upper pipe box (4), so that high-concentration materials with larger impurities leave the reboiler and enter the flash tank (15), useful components to be separated are flashed out in the flash tank (15), useless components are discharged, the second pump (16) is driven by the second driving assembly, and the flashed useful component gas is pumped into the distillation tower (101) for separation again.
2. A reboiler for a distillation column according to claim 1 wherein: the reboiler also comprises a second liquid level meter (17) arranged on the flash tank (15) and used for detecting the liquid level in the flash tank (15).
3. A reboiler for a distillation column according to claim 1 wherein: the heat exchange tube (10) is a bright tube.
4. A reboiler for a distillation column according to claim 1 wherein: the heat exchange tube comprises an upper tube plate (8) and a lower tube plate (9), wherein mounting holes (18) for mounting the heat exchange tubes (10) are respectively formed in the upper tube plate (8) and the lower tube plate (9), and welding parts (19) for welding two ends of the heat exchange tubes (10) on the upper tube plate (8) and the lower tube plate (9) are arranged in the mounting holes (18).
CN201710992128.4A 2017-10-23 2017-10-23 Reboiler for distillation tower Active CN107823909B (en)

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CN201710992128.4A CN107823909B (en) 2017-10-23 2017-10-23 Reboiler for distillation tower

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CN107823909B true CN107823909B (en) 2023-12-01

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111001177B (en) * 2019-12-17 2023-05-30 安徽昊源化工集团有限公司 Device for preventing polymerization of reboiler gas phase dead zone in styrene rectification process

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CN204824500U (en) * 2015-06-24 2015-12-02 中国石油天然气集团公司 Crystal system is evaporated in succession in ultrasonic wave scale control scale removal

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